{"id":79249,"date":"2020-04-25T19:42:10","date_gmt":"2020-04-25T17:42:10","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/blog\/administrirovanie\/chto-novogo-v-ubuntu-20-04"},"modified":"2020-04-25T19:42:10","modified_gmt":"2020-04-25T17:42:10","slug":"chto-novogo-v-ubuntu-20-04","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/sq\/blog\/administrirovanie\/chto-novogo-v-ubuntu-20-04","title":{"rendered":"\u00c7far\u00eb \u00ebsht\u00eb e re n\u00eb Ubuntu 20.04","gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"text"}]},"content":{"rendered":"<p><img decoding=\"async\" alt=\"\u00c7far\u00eb \u00ebsht\u00eb e re n\u00eb Ubuntu 20.04\" src=\"\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/04\/e315f7ccdb370c7afdd5d9d0357ce10f.jpeg\" style=\"display:block;margin: 0 auto;\" \/><br \/>\n23 prill <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/releases.ubuntu.com\/20.04\/\">u mbajt<\/a><\/noindex> \u00e7lirimi i versionit 20.04 t\u00eb Ubuntu me emrin kodor Focal Fossa, q\u00eb \u00ebsht\u00eb versioni tjet\u00ebr i Ubuntu p\u00ebr mb\u00ebshtetje afatgjat\u00eb (LTS) dhe \u00ebsht\u00eb vazhdim i Ubuntu 18.04 LTS, q\u00eb u publikua n\u00eb vitin 2018.<\/p>\n<p>Pak rreth emrit kodor. Fjal\u00eb \u00abFocal\u00bb do t\u00eb thot\u00eb \u00abpik\u00eb qendrore\u00bb ose \u00abpjesa m\u00eb e r\u00ebnd\u00ebsishme\u00bb, q\u00eb lidhet me konceptin e p\u00ebrqendrim, qendra e disa cil\u00ebsive, fenomenesh, ngjarjesh, nd\u00ebrsa \u00abFossa\u00bb ka rr\u00ebnj\u00ebn \u00abFOSS\u00bb (Free and Open-Source Software \u2014 softuer i lir\u00eb dhe me burim t\u00eb hapur) dhe, sipas tradit\u00ebs s\u00eb em\u00ebrtimeve t\u00eb versioneve t\u00eb Ubuntu me emra kafsh\u00ebsh, do t\u00eb thot\u00eb <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/ru.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%D0%A4%D0%BE%D1%81%D1%81%D0%B0\">Fossa<\/a><\/noindex> \u2014 mamiferi i par\u00eb gjuetar nga familja e gjuetar\u00ebve nga ishulli i Madagaskarit.<br \/>\n<noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" name=\"habracut\"><\/a><\/noindex><\/p>\n<blockquote><p><b>Zhvilluesit e pozicionojn\u00eb Ubuntu 20.04 si nj\u00eb p\u00ebrdit\u00ebsim t\u00eb r\u00ebnd\u00ebsish\u00ebm dhe t\u00eb suksessh\u00ebm me mb\u00ebshtetje p\u00ebr 5 vitet e ardhshme p\u00ebr kompjuter\u00ebt personal\u00eb dhe server\u00ebt.<\/b><\/p><\/blockquote>\n<p>Ubuntu 20.04 \u00ebsht\u00eb nj\u00eb vazhdim logjik i Ubuntu 19.04 \u00abDisco Dingo\u00bb dhe Ubuntu 19.10 \u00abEoan Ermine\u00bb. N\u00eb versionet p\u00ebr kompjuter\u00eb personal\u00eb, duke ndjekur tendencat e fundit, \u00ebsht\u00eb prezantuar nj\u00eb tem\u00eb e err\u00ebt. K\u00ebshtu, Ubuntu 20.04 ka tre opsione standarde t\u00eb tem\u00ebs Yaru:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Drit\u00ebshkurter,<\/li>\n<li>E err\u00ebt,<\/li>\n<li>Standard.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>\nPo ashtu, \u00ebsht\u00eb hequr aplikacioni Amazon. Ubuntu 20.04 p\u00ebrdor si nd\u00ebrfaqe grafike t\u00eb fundit versionin m\u00eb t\u00eb ri <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/itsfoss.com\/gnome-3-36-release\/\">GNOME 3.36<\/a><\/noindex>.<\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" alt=\"\u00c7far\u00eb \u00ebsht\u00eb e re n\u00eb Ubuntu 20.04\" src=\"\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/04\/9b22ae9782de374acf7c7579c500e5fd.jpeg\" style=\"display:block;margin: 0 auto;\" \/><\/p>\n<h2>Ndryshimet kryesore<\/h2>\n<p>\nUbuntu 20.04 \u00ebsht\u00eb e bazuar n\u00eb kernelin 5.4, i cili u publikua m\u00eb 24 n\u00ebntor 2019. N\u00eb k\u00ebt\u00eb version jan\u00eb realizuar disa inovacione t\u00eb r\u00ebnd\u00ebsishme, p\u00ebr t\u00eb cilat do t\u00eb flasim m\u00eb posht\u00eb.<\/p>\n<h3>lz4<\/h3>\n<p>\nInxhinier\u00ebt e Canonical kan\u00eb testuar algoritme t\u00eb ndryshme p\u00ebr kompresimin e kernelit dhe imazhit fillestar t\u00eb ngarkes\u00ebs initramfs, duke k\u00ebrkuar nj\u00eb kompromis midis kompresimit m\u00eb t\u00eb mir\u00eb (duke minimizuar madh\u00ebsin\u00eb e skedarit) dhe koh\u00ebs s\u00eb shfryrjes. Algoritmi i kompresimit pa humbje lz4 ka dh\u00ebn\u00eb rezultatet m\u00eb t\u00eb dukshme dhe \u00ebsht\u00eb shtuar n\u00eb Ubuntu 19.10, duke i mund\u00ebsuar k\u00ebsaj t\u00eb reduktoj\u00eb koh\u00ebn e ngarkes\u00ebs n\u00eb krahasim me versionet e m\u00ebparshme (Ubuntu 18.04 dhe 19.04). Ky algorit\u00ebm do t\u00eb vazhdoj\u00eb t\u00eb ruhet n\u00eb Ubuntu 20.04.<\/p>\n<h3>Linux Lockdown Kernel<\/h3>\n<p>\nFunksioni Lockdown rrit sigurin\u00eb e kernelit Linux duke kufizuar aksesin n\u00eb funksionet q\u00eb mund t\u00eb lejojn\u00eb ekzekutimin e kodit t\u00eb rast\u00ebsish\u00ebm p\u00ebrmes kodit q\u00eb sigurohet nga proceset e p\u00ebrdoruesve. N\u00eb m\u00ebnyr\u00eb m\u00eb t\u00eb thjesht\u00eb, madje edhe llogaria superp\u00ebrdoruesit root nuk mund t\u00eb ndryshoj\u00eb kodin e kernelit. Kjo ndihmon n\u00eb zvog\u00eblimin e d\u00ebmit nga nj\u00eb sulm t\u00eb mundsh\u00ebm, edhe kur llogaria root \u00ebsht\u00eb e komprometuar. K\u00ebshtu, rritet gjithashtu siguria e p\u00ebrgjithshme e sistemit operacional.<\/p>\n<h3>exFAT<\/h3>\n<p>\nSistemi i skedar\u00ebve Microsoft FAT nuk lejon transferimin e skedar\u00ebve t\u00eb madh\u00ebsis\u00eb mbi 4 GB. P\u00ebr t\u00eb kaluar k\u00ebt\u00eb kufizim, Microsoft ka krijuar sistemin e skedar\u00ebve exFAT (nga anglishtja Extended FAT \u2014 \u00abFAT e zgjeruar\u00bb). Tani ju mund t\u00eb formatoni, p\u00ebr shembull, nj\u00eb USB n\u00eb exFAT me <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/git.kernel.org\/pub\/scm\/linux\/kernel\/git\/torvalds\/linux.git\/commit\/?id=c48c9f7ff32b8b3965a08e40eb6763682d905b5d\">mb\u00ebshtetje t\u00eb integruar<\/a><\/noindex> t\u00eb sistemit t\u00eb skedar\u00ebve exFAT.<\/p>\n<h3>WireGuard<\/h3>\n<p>\nMegjith\u00ebse Ubuntu 20.04 nuk do t\u00eb p\u00ebrdor\u00eb kernelin 5.6, t\u00eb pakt\u00ebn menj\u00ebher\u00eb, ajo tashm\u00eb p\u00ebrdor b\u00ebrtham\u00ebn e WireGuard n\u00eb kernelin 5.4. WireGuard \u00ebsht\u00eb nj\u00eb <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/itsfoss.com\/wireguard\/\">fjala e re n\u00eb industri VPN<\/a><\/noindex>, prandaj p\u00ebrfshirja <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/www.wireguard.com\/\">WireGuard<\/a><\/noindex> n\u00eb kernel tashm\u00eb jep nj\u00eb avantazh Ubuntu 20.04 n\u00eb drejtimin e cloud.<\/p>\n<p>Korrigjuar <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/www.phoronix.com\/scan.php?page=news_item&amp;px=High-Threads-CFS-Quota-Fix\">bugun me kotat CFS<\/a><\/noindex> dhe tani aplikacionet shum\u00ebthjeshta mund t\u00eb funksionojn\u00eb m\u00eb shpejt. \u00cbsht\u00eb shtuar nj\u00eb drejtues q\u00eb lejon pun\u00ebn me sensor\u00ebt e temperatur\u00ebs dhe tensionit t\u00eb procesor\u00ebve t\u00eb seris\u00eb Ryzen.<\/p>\n<p>E gjith\u00eb kjo \u00ebsht\u00eb shum\u00eb larg t\u00eb gjitha risive q\u00eb jan\u00eb shfaqur n\u00eb kernelin 5.4. P\u00ebrshkrimet e detajuar mund t\u00eb gjenden n\u00eb burimin <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/kernelnewbies.org\/Linux_5.4\">kernelnewbies.org<\/a><\/noindex> (n\u00eb anglisht) dhe n\u00eb forumin <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/www.opennet.ru\/opennews\/art.shtml?num=51881\">OpenNET<\/a><\/noindex> (n\u00eb rusisht).<\/p>\n<h3>P\u00ebrdorimi i Kubernetes<\/h3>\n<p>\nCanonical ka realizuar n\u00eb Ubuntu 20.04 mb\u00ebshtetje t\u00eb plot\u00eb p\u00ebr <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/ubuntu.com\/blog\/kubernetes-1-18-available-from-canonical\">Kubernetes 1.18<\/a><\/noindex> me mb\u00ebshtetje p\u00ebr <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/ubuntu.com\/kubernetes\/features\">Charmed Kubernetes<\/a><\/noindex>, <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/microk8s.io\/\">MicroK8s<\/a><\/noindex> dhe <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/ubuntu.com\/blog\/canonical-widens-kubernetes-support-with-kubeadm\">kubeadm<\/a><\/noindex>.<\/p>\n<p>Instalimi i Kubectl n\u00eb Ubuntu 20.04:<\/p>\n<pre><code class=\"plaintext\"># snap install kubectl --classic\n\nkubectl 1.18.0 from Canonical \u2713 installed<\/code><\/pre>\n<p><\/p>\n<h3>P\u00ebrdorimi i SNAP<\/h3>\n<p>\nCanonical vazhdon t\u00eb promovoj\u00eb formatin universale t\u00eb paketave \u2014 snap. Kjo \u00ebsht\u00eb edhe m\u00eb e dukshme n\u00eb l\u00ebshimin e Ubuntu 20.04. N\u00ebse p\u00ebrpiqeni t\u00eb ekzekutoni nj\u00eb program q\u00eb nuk \u00ebsht\u00eb instaluar, at\u00ebher\u00eb fillimisht do t\u00eb ofrohet q\u00eb ta instaloni p\u00ebrmes:<\/p>\n<pre><code class=\"plaintext\"># snap install &lt;package&gt;<\/code><\/pre>\n<p>\n<img decoding=\"async\" alt=\"\u00c7far\u00eb \u00ebsht\u00eb e re n\u00eb Ubuntu 20.04\" src=\"\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/04\/d9d5b34233f7b267e85fd83ca96a9544.jpeg\" style=\"display:block;margin: 0 auto;\" \/><\/p>\n<h3>Mb\u00ebshtetje e p\u00ebrmir\u00ebsuar p\u00ebr ZFS<\/h3>\n<p>\nMegjithat\u00eb <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/www.realworldtech.com\/forum\/?threadid=189711&amp;curpostid=189841\">Linus Torvalds mund t\u00eb mos e p\u00eblqej\u00eb ZFS<\/a><\/noindex>, ajo gjithsesi mbetet nj\u00eb sistem skedari popullor dhe \u00ebsht\u00eb shtuar mb\u00ebshtetja eksperimentale me Ubuntu 19.10.<br \/>\nAjo \u00ebsht\u00eb mjaft e p\u00ebrshtatshme dhe e q\u00ebndrueshme p\u00ebr ruajtjen e t\u00eb dh\u00ebnave, si p\u00ebr arkivin e sht\u00ebpis\u00eb ashtu edhe p\u00ebr ruajtjen n\u00eb pun\u00eb (\u00abnga kutia\u00bb din m\u00eb shum\u00eb sesa LVM). ZFS mb\u00ebshtet madh\u00ebsit\u00eb e ndarjeve deri n\u00eb 256 kuadrilion zettabyte (prandaj letra \u00abZ\u00bb n\u00eb emrin) dhe mund t\u00eb p\u00ebrpunoj\u00eb skedar\u00eb deri n\u00eb 16 eksabyte.<\/p>\n<p>ZFS siguron integritetin e t\u00eb dh\u00ebnave duke marr\u00eb parasysh m\u00ebnyr\u00ebn se si ato jan\u00eb vendosur n\u00eb disk. Funksioni i kopjimit gjat\u00eb shkrimit garanton q\u00eb t\u00eb dh\u00ebnat e p\u00ebrdorura nuk do t\u00eb ri-shkruhen. N\u00eb vend t\u00eb k\u00ebsaj, informacioni i ri shkruhet n\u00eb nj\u00eb bllok t\u00eb ri, nd\u00ebrsa metadatistat e sistemit t\u00eb skedar\u00ebve p\u00ebrdit\u00ebsohen p\u00ebr t\u00eb treguar p\u00ebr t\u00eb. ZFS lejon krijimin e snaphot-eve (fotografi t\u00eb sistemit t\u00eb skedar\u00ebve), t\u00eb cilat ndjekin ndryshimet e b\u00ebra n\u00eb sistemin e skedar\u00ebve dhe ndajn\u00eb informacion me t\u00eb p\u00ebr t\u00eb kursyer hap\u00ebsir\u00ebn e diskut.<\/p>\n<p>ZFS i cakton nj\u00eb som\u00eb kontrolli \u00e7do skedari n\u00eb disk dhe vazhdimisht e kontrollon gjendjen e tij sipas saj. N\u00ebse ajo zbulon se nj\u00eb skedar \u00ebsht\u00eb d\u00ebmtuar, ai do t\u00eb p\u00ebrpiqet ta rikuperoj\u00eb automatikisht. N\u00eb programin e instalimit t\u00eb Ubuntu \u00ebsht\u00eb shfaqur nj\u00eb pik\u00eb e ve\u00e7ant\u00eb q\u00eb lejon p\u00ebrdorimin e ZFS. M\u00eb shum\u00eb detaje n\u00eb lidhje me historin\u00eb e ZFS dhe karakteristikat e saj mund t\u00eb gjenden n\u00eb blog <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/itsfoss.com\/what-is-zfs\/\">\u00cbsht\u00eb FOSS<\/a><\/noindex>.<\/p>\n<h3>Lamtumir\u00eb Python 2.X<\/h3>\n<p>\nVersioni i tret\u00eb i Python u prezantua q\u00eb n\u00eb vitin 2008, por edhe 12 vjet nuk ishin t\u00eb mjaftueshme q\u00eb projektet n\u00eb Python 2 t\u00eb ishin p\u00ebrshtatur p\u00ebr t\u00eb.<br \/>\nQ\u00eb n\u00eb Ubuntu 15.10 u b\u00eb nj\u00eb p\u00ebrpjekje p\u00ebr t\u00eb hequr dor\u00eb nga Python 2, por mb\u00ebshtetja e tij vazhdoi. Dhe tani, m\u00eb 20 prill 2020, doli <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/www.python.org\/downloads\/release\/python-2718\/\">Python 2.7.18<\/a><\/noindex>, i cili \u00ebsht\u00eb l\u00ebshimi i fundit i deg\u00ebs Python 2. Nuk do t\u00eb ket\u00eb p\u00ebrdit\u00ebsime p\u00ebr t\u00eb m\u00eb tej.<\/p>\n<p>Ubuntu 20.04 nuk e mb\u00ebshtet m\u00eb Python 2 dhe p\u00ebrdor Python 3.8 si versionin e tij t\u00eb paracaktuar. Fatkeq\u00ebsisht, n\u00eb bot\u00eb ka ende shum\u00eb projekte q\u00eb punojn\u00eb me Python 2, dhe p\u00ebr ta kalimi n\u00eb Ubuntu 20.04 mund t\u00eb jet\u00eb i dhimbsh\u00ebm.<\/p>\n<p>Versionin e fundit t\u00eb Python 2 mund ta instaloni me nj\u00eb komand\u00eb:<\/p>\n<pre><code class=\"plaintext\"># apt install python2.7<\/code><\/pre>\n<p>\nP\u00ebrve\u00e7 Python 3.8, zhvilluesit mund t\u00eb vler\u00ebsojn\u00eb nj\u00eb grup t\u00eb p\u00ebrdit\u00ebsuar mjetesh, i cili p\u00ebrfshin:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>MySQL 8,<\/li>\n<li>glibc 2.31,<\/li>\n<li>OpenJDK 11,<\/li>\n<li>PHP 7.4,<\/li>\n<li>Perl 5.30,<\/li>\n<li>Golang 1.14.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><\/p>\n<h3>Lamtumir\u00eb 32 bit\u00ebve<\/h3>\n<p>\nPrej disa vjet\u00ebsh, Ubuntu nuk ofron imazhe ISO p\u00ebr kompjuter\u00eb 32-bit\u00eb. Tani, p\u00ebrdoruesit ekzistues t\u00eb versioneve 32-bit t\u00eb Ubuntu mund t\u00eb kalojn\u00eb n\u00eb Ubuntu 18.04, por nuk mund t\u00eb p\u00ebrdit\u00ebsohen n\u00eb Ubuntu 20.04. N\u00ebse aktualisht p\u00ebrdorni Ubuntu 32-bit 18.04, mund t\u00eb q\u00ebndroni me t\u00eb deri n\u00eb prill 2023.<\/p>\n<h2>Si t\u00eb p\u00ebrmir\u00ebsoheni<\/h2>\n<p>\nP\u00ebr t\u2019u p\u00ebrdit\u00ebsuar n\u00eb Ubuntu 20.04 nga versionet e m\u00ebparshme, \u00ebsht\u00eb shum\u00eb e leht\u00eb \u2014 mjafton t\u00eb ekzekutoni komandat e m\u00ebposhtme:<\/p>\n<pre><code class=\"plaintext\"># sudo apt update &amp;&amp; sudo apt upgrade\n# sudo do-release-upgrade<\/code><\/pre>\n<p><\/p>\n<blockquote><p>Me k\u00ebnaq\u00ebsi njoftojm\u00eb se Ubuntu 20.04 LTS (Focal Fossa) \u00ebsht\u00eb tani e disponueshme si imazh p\u00ebr makinat virtuale n\u00eb platform\u00ebn ton\u00eb <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"http:\/\/slc.tl\/-287K\">Cloud.<\/a><\/noindex>Krijoni infrastruktur\u00ebn tuaj virtuale IT, duke p\u00ebrdorur softuerin m\u00eb t\u00eb ri!<\/p><\/blockquote>\n<p>\n<b>UPD:<\/b> P\u00ebrdoruesit e Ubuntu 19.10 mund t\u00eb kalojn\u00eb n\u00eb 20.04 tani, nd\u00ebrsa p\u00ebrdoruesit e Ubuntu 18.04 do t\u00eb mund t\u00eb kalojn\u00eb pas l\u00ebshimit t\u00eb 20.04.1, i cili \u00ebsht\u00eb planifikuar p\u00ebr 23 korrik 2020.<br \/>\n<br \/>Burimi: <a content=\"nofollow\" rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/habr.com\/ru\/company\/selectel\/blog\/498526\/\">habr.com<\/a> <\/p>","protected":false,"gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"html"}]},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>23 \u0430\u043f\u0440\u0435\u043b\u044f \u0441\u043e\u0441\u0442\u043e\u044f\u043b\u0441\u044f \u0440\u0435\u043b\u0438\u0437 Ubuntu \u0432\u0435\u0440\u0441\u0438\u0438 20.04 \u0441 \u043a\u043e\u0434\u043e\u0432\u044b\u043c \u043d\u0430\u0437\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0435\u043c Focal Fossa, \u044f\u0432\u043b\u044f\u044e\u0449\u0438\u043c\u0441\u044f \u0441\u043b\u0435\u0434\u0443\u044e\u0449\u0438\u043c \u0432\u044b\u043f\u0443\u0441\u043a\u043e\u043c Ubuntu \u0434\u043b\u044f \u0434\u043e\u043b\u0433\u043e\u0441\u0440\u043e\u0447\u043d\u043e\u0439 \u043f\u043e\u0434\u0434\u0435\u0440\u0436\u043a\u0438 (LTS) \u0438 \u044f\u0432\u043b\u044f\u0435\u0442\u0441\u044f \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0434\u043e\u043b\u0436\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435\u043c Ubuntu 18.04 LTS, \u0432\u044b\u043f\u0443\u0449\u0435\u043d\u043d\u043e\u0439 \u0432 2018 \u0433\u043e\u0434\u0443. \u041d\u0435\u043c\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u043f\u0440\u043e \u043a\u043e\u0434\u043e\u0432\u043e\u0435 \u0438\u043c\u044f. \u0421\u043b\u043e\u0432\u043e \u00abFocal\u00bb \u043e\u0437\u043d\u0430\u0447\u0430\u0435\u0442 \u00ab\u0446\u0435\u043d\u0442\u0440\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u0430\u044f \u0442\u043e\u0447\u043a\u0430\u00bb \u0438\u043b\u0438 \u00ab\u0441\u0430\u043c\u0430\u044f \u0432\u0430\u0436\u043d\u0430\u044f \u0447\u0430\u0441\u0442\u044c\u00bb, \u0442\u043e \u0435\u0441\u0442\u044c \u0441\u0432\u044f\u0437\u0430\u043d\u043e \u0441 \u043f\u043e\u043d\u044f\u0442\u0438\u0435\u043c \u0441\u0440\u0435\u0434\u043e\u0442\u043e\u0447\u0438\u044f, 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