{"id":83227,"date":"2020-05-29T19:42:33","date_gmt":"2020-05-29T17:42:33","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/blog\/administrirovanie\/nfc-razbor-tehnologii-near-field-communication"},"modified":"2020-05-29T19:42:33","modified_gmt":"2020-05-29T17:42:33","slug":"nfc-razbor-tehnologii-near-field-communication","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/sq\/blog\/administrirovanie\/nfc-razbor-tehnologii-near-field-communication","title":{"rendered":"NFC: Analiza e teknologjis\u00eb Near Field Communication","gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"text"}]},"content":{"rendered":"

T\u00eb gjith\u00eb jemi m\u00ebsuar tashm\u00eb me pranin\u00eb e NFC n\u00eb smartphone. Dhe, n\u00eb dukje, gjith\u00e7ka p\u00ebr k\u00ebt\u00eb \u00ebsht\u00eb e qart\u00eb.<\/p>\n

Shum\u00eb njer\u00ebz nuk blejn\u00eb smartphone pa NFC, duke menduar se sh\u00ebrben vet\u00ebm p\u00ebr pagesa. Por ka shum\u00eb pyetje rreth tij.<\/p>\n

Por a e dini \u00e7far\u00eb tjet\u00ebr mund t\u00eb b\u00ebj\u00eb kjo teknologji? \u00c7far\u00eb t\u00eb b\u00ebni n\u00ebse smartphone juaj nuk ka NFC? Si ta p\u00ebrdorni \u00e7ipin n\u00eb iPhone jo vet\u00ebm p\u00ebr Apple Pay? Pse nuk funksionon, sidomos me kartat Mir?<\/p>\n

Madje, p\u00ebrmes tij mund t\u00eb karikoni edhe pajisje\u2026<\/p>\n

\r\n \"Luaj\r\n
<\/div>\r\n <\/div><\/center><\/p>\n

Sot do t\u2019ju tregojm\u00eb si funksionon dhe do t\u00eb shqyrtojm\u00eb t\u00eb gjitha detajet. Dhe m\u00eb e r\u00ebnd\u00ebsishmja \u2014 pse kjo \u00ebsht\u00eb teknologjia m\u00eb e n\u00ebnvler\u00ebsuar n\u00eb smartphone-in tuaj!<\/p>\n

Si funksionon NFC?<\/h4>\n

\nMe siguri e dini q\u00eb NFC do t\u00eb thot\u00eb Near Field Communication, ose n\u00eb shqip \u2014 komunikim n\u00eb fush\u00eb t\u00eb af\u00ebrt.
\n<\/a><\/noindex>
\nPor kjo nuk \u00ebsht\u00eb nj\u00eb transmetim i zakonsh\u00ebm i t\u00eb dh\u00ebnave me val\u00eb radio. Ndryshe nga Wi\u2011Fi dhe Bluetooth, NFC \u00ebsht\u00eb nd\u00ebrtuar m\u00eb zgjuar. N\u00eb thelb q\u00ebndron induksioni elektromagnetik. \u00cbsht\u00eb nj\u00eb gj\u00eb shum\u00eb interesante nga programi shkollor, sa p\u00ebr kujtes\u00eb.<\/p>\n

\"NFC:
\nIdeja \u00ebsht\u00eb kjo: merrni nj\u00eb p\u00ebrcjell\u00ebs ku nuk ka energji elektrike. Dhe pran\u00eb tij vendosni nj\u00eb p\u00ebrcjell\u00ebs t\u00eb dyt\u00eb, ku ka energji elektrike. Dhe e dini \u00e7far\u00eb? N\u00eb p\u00ebrcjell\u00ebsin e par\u00eb, ku nuk kishte energji, fillon t\u00eb rrjedh\u00eb rrym\u00eb!<\/p>\n

Bukuri, apo jo?<\/p>\n

Kur e mor\u00ebm vesh p\u00ebr her\u00eb t\u00eb par\u00eb, menduam se ishte e pamundur! Seriozisht? Po talleni! Hajde t\u00eb shkojm\u00eb t\u00eb luajm\u00eb Counter Strike, djema.<\/p>\n

Pra, kur afroni smartphone-in pran\u00eb nj\u00eb etikete NFC pa furnizim me energji, ai fush\u00eb elektromagnetike e vog\u00ebl nga smartphone-i mjafton q\u00eb brenda etiket\u00ebs t\u00eb fillojn\u00eb t\u00eb l\u00ebvizin elektronet dhe t\u00eb vihen n\u00eb pun\u00eb mikroqarqet e saj.<\/p>\n

\"NFC:
\nPo, edhe kjo. N\u00eb \u00e7do etiket\u00eb ka nj\u00eb mikro\u00e7ip shum\u00eb t\u00eb vog\u00ebl. P\u00ebr shembull, n\u00eb kartat bankare mikro\u00e7ipi nis edhe nj\u00eb version t\u00eb thjesht\u00eb t\u00eb Java. Si ju duket?<\/p>\n

Ndoshta keni d\u00ebgjuar edhe shkurtimin RFID. Ai \u00ebsht\u00eb zhvilluar rreth 30 vjet m\u00eb her\u00ebt. Do t\u00eb thot\u00eb identifikim me radiofrekuenc\u00eb. Dhe, n\u00eb thelb, sh\u00ebrben pik\u00ebrisht p\u00ebr identifikim. N\u00eb shum\u00eb qendra zyrash, kartat e hyrjes ende p\u00ebrdorin RFID.<\/p>\n

\"NFC:
\nPra, NFC \u00ebsht\u00eb nj\u00eb deg\u00eb m\u00eb e avancuar e standardit RFID dhe lexon nj\u00eb pjes\u00eb t\u00eb k\u00ebtyre etiketave. Por ndryshimi kryesor \u00ebsht\u00eb se NFC mund edhe t\u00eb transmetoj\u00eb t\u00eb dh\u00ebna, p\u00ebrfshir\u00eb t\u00eb dh\u00ebna t\u00eb enkriptuara.<\/p>\n

NFC punon n\u00eb frekuenc\u00ebn 13,56 MHz, gj\u00eb q\u00eb lejon nj\u00eb shpejt\u00ebsi t\u00eb mir\u00eb nga 106 deri n\u00eb 424 Kbit\/s. K\u00ebshtu q\u00eb nj\u00eb skedar mp3 mund t\u00eb shkarkohet p\u00ebr disa minuta, por vet\u00ebm n\u00eb nj\u00eb distanc\u00eb deri n\u00eb 10 cm.<\/p>\n

Nga ana fizike, NFC \u00ebsht\u00eb nj\u00eb spirale e vog\u00ebl. P\u00ebr shembull, te Pixel 4 ajo \u00ebsht\u00eb e fiksuar n\u00eb kapak dhe duket k\u00ebshtu.<\/p>\n

\"NFC:
\nDhe k\u00ebshtu duket te Xiaomi Mi 10 Pro:<\/p>\n

\"NFC:<\/p>\n

Dhe pik\u00ebrisht tani \u00ebsht\u00eb koha t\u00eb flasim p\u00ebr at\u00eb q\u00eb mund t\u00eb b\u00ebj\u00eb NFC?<\/p>\n

Funksionimi i k\u00ebsaj teknologjie dhe i atyre t\u00eb ngjashme, si RFID, p\u00ebrshkruhet n\u00eb standardin ISO 14443<\/strong>. Aty p\u00ebrfshihen edhe shum\u00eb gj\u00ebra t\u00eb tjera: p\u00ebr shembull, protokolli italian Mifare dhe VME \u2014 k\u00ebto p\u00ebrdoren n\u00eb kartat bankare.<\/p>\n

NFC \u00ebsht\u00eb di\u00e7ka si USB Type-C n\u00eb bot\u00ebn e teknologjive pa tela, n\u00ebse e kuptoni ku e kam fjal\u00ebn.<\/p>\n

Por gj\u00ebja kryesore \u00ebsht\u00eb kjo. NFC mund t\u00eb funksionoj\u00eb n\u00eb tre m\u00ebnyra:<\/p>\n

    \n
  1. Aktive.<\/strong> Kur pajisja lexon ose shkruan t\u00eb dh\u00ebna nga nj\u00eb etiket\u00eb ose kart\u00eb. Po, t\u00eb dh\u00ebnat n\u00eb etiketat NFC mund edhe t\u00eb shkruhen.<\/li>\n
  2. Transmetim mes pajisjeve t\u00eb barabarta.<\/strong> Kjo ndodh kur lidhni kufje pa tela me smartphone-in ose p\u00ebrdorni Android Beam \u2014 e mbani mend? Aty lidhja b\u00ebhej p\u00ebrmes NFC, nd\u00ebrsa transferimi i vet\u00eb skedarit kryhej m\u00eb pas p\u00ebrmes Bluetooth.<\/li>\n
  3. Pasive.<\/strong>\u00a0Kur pajisja jon\u00eb shtiret si di\u00e7ka pasive: nj\u00eb kart\u00eb pagese ose nj\u00eb abonim transporti.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

    \nPse duhet NFC n\u00ebse ekzistojn\u00eb Bluetooth dhe Wi\u2011Fi, kur ato kan\u00eb si shpejt\u00ebsi m\u00eb t\u00eb lart\u00eb, ashtu edhe rreze m\u00eb t\u00eb madhe veprimi.<\/p>\n

    \"NFC:
    \nP\u00ebrpar\u00ebsit\u00eb e NFC jan\u00eb k\u00ebto:<\/p>\n

      \n
    1. Lidhje e menj\u00ebhershme \u2014 nj\u00eb e dhjeta e sekond\u00ebs.<\/li>\n
    2. Konsum i ul\u00ebt energjie \u2014 15 mA. Bluetooth arrin deri n\u00eb 40 mA.<\/li>\n
    3. Etiketat nuk k\u00ebrkojn\u00eb furnizim t\u00eb vetin me energji.<\/li>\n
    4. Dhe nj\u00eb gj\u00eb m\u00eb pak e dukshme \u2014 rrezja e vog\u00ebl e veprimit, e nevojshme p\u00ebr sigurin\u00eb dhe pagesat.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

      \nEkziston edhe Bluetooth Low Energy, por kjo \u00ebsht\u00eb nj\u00eb tem\u00eb m\u00eb vete.<\/p>\n

      Pse? \u00c7far\u00eb na jep kjo?<\/h4>\n

      \n\"NFC:
      \nP\u00ebrve\u00e7 skenar\u00ebve tashm\u00eb t\u00eb qart\u00eb: leje hyrjeje, pagesa dhe abone transporti \u2014 ka aplikacione q\u00eb mund t\u00eb ngarkojn\u00eb para n\u00eb kart\u00ebn \u00abTroika\u00bb dhe n\u00eb karta t\u00eb tjera transporti.<\/p>\n

      Ekziston nj\u00eb aplikacion \u2014 Lexuesi i kartave bankare. P\u00ebr shembull, ai mund t\u00eb tregoj\u00eb transaksionet e fundit t\u00eb kart\u00ebs. Nuk jam i sigurt sa etike \u00ebsht\u00eb kjo, por aplikacioni gjendet n\u00eb Play Market.<\/p>\n

      Meq\u00eb ra fjala, shum\u00eb veta pyesin pse Google Pay dhe Apple Pay nuk funksionojn\u00eb me kartat Mir? Arsyeja nuk lidhet me ve\u00e7ori teknike. Thjesht sistemi i pagesave nuk ka arritur marr\u00ebveshje me k\u00ebto sh\u00ebrbime. Mund t\u00eb paguani p\u00ebrmes aplikacionit t\u00eb vet n\u00eb Android \u2014 Mir Pay. \u00cbsht\u00eb paksa me probleme, nd\u00ebrsa p\u00ebr iPhone nuk ekziston fare!<\/p>\n

      Meq\u00eb ra fjala, nj\u00eb lifehack. N\u00ebse Android-i juaj nuk ka NFC, por ju doni shum\u00eb t\u00eb paguani, \u00e7far\u00eb mund t\u00eb b\u00ebni? Mund ta vendosni kart\u00ebn n\u00ebn kapakun mbrojt\u00ebs. Mund t\u00eb m\u00eb drejtoheni. Megjithat\u00eb, kapak\u00ebt e trash\u00eb mund t\u00eb bllokojn\u00eb val\u00ebt edhe t\u00eb NFC-s\u00eb s\u00eb integruar \u2014 prandaj kontrollojeni.<\/p>\n

      Kemi folur tashm\u00eb p\u00ebr pajisjet, por ka edhe nj\u00eb pjes\u00eb t\u00eb dyt\u00eb t\u00eb r\u00ebnd\u00ebsishme \u2014 etiketat NFC. Ato jan\u00eb t\u00eb dy llojeve.<\/p>\n

        \n
      1. Ato mbi t\u00eb cilat mund t\u00eb shkruhen t\u00eb dh\u00ebna. Duken si ngjit\u00ebse t\u00eb vogla. Zakonisht kapaciteti i disponuesh\u00ebm \u00ebsht\u00eb rreth 700 bajt. T\u00eb tilla prodhonte kompania Sony.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

        \n\"NFC:
        \nK\u00ebtu mund t\u00eb ruani shum\u00eb gj\u00ebra, p\u00ebr shembull:<\/p>\n