{"id":84590,"date":"2020-06-09T01:42:40","date_gmt":"2020-06-08T23:42:40","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/blog\/administrirovanie\/samoe-glavnoe-v-wi-fi-6-net-seryozno"},"modified":"2020-06-09T01:42:40","modified_gmt":"2020-06-08T23:42:40","slug":"samoe-glavnoe-v-wi-fi-6-net-seryozno","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/sq\/blog\/administrirovanie\/samoe-glavnoe-v-wi-fi-6-net-seryozno","title":{"rendered":"E r\u00ebnd\u00ebsishmja n\u00eb Wi-Fi 6. Jo, seriozisht","gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"text"}]},"content":{"rendered":"

P\u00ebrsh\u00ebndetje.<\/p>\n

N\u00ebse besojm\u00eb n\u00eb teorin\u00eb e thjesht\u00ebsis\u00eb s\u00eb Einshteinit, treguesi kryesor i kuptimit t\u00eb nj\u00eb subjekti \u00ebsht\u00eb aft\u00ebsia p\u00ebr ta shpjeguar at\u00eb sa m\u00eb thjesht. Prandaj, n\u00eb k\u00ebt\u00eb post do t\u00eb p\u00ebrpiqem ta shpjegoj veprimin e nj\u00eb detaje t\u00eb vetme t\u00eb standardit t\u00eb ri, q\u00eb p\u00ebr \u00e7udit\u00ebri Wi-Fi Alliance e konsideron t\u00eb pap\u00ebrshtatsh\u00ebm p\u00ebr t'u p\u00ebrmendur n\u00eb infografik\u00ebn e mund\u00ebsive t\u00eb reja t\u00eb Wi-Fi 6, edhe pse, si\u00e7 do ta kuptojm\u00eb s\u00eb bashku, ajo \u00ebsht\u00eb shum\u00eb e r\u00ebnd\u00ebsishme dhe e ve\u00e7ant\u00eb. K\u00ebtu nuk ka gjith\u00e7ka mjaft thell\u00eb dhe p\u00ebr shum\u00eb gj\u00ebra nuk \u00ebsht\u00eb p\u00ebrfshir\u00ebse (sepse \u00ebsht\u00eb e v\u00ebshtir\u00eb t\u00eb hash nj\u00eb elefant, madje edhe n\u00eb pjes\u00eb), por shpresoj se t\u00eb gjith\u00eb do t\u00eb nxjerrim di\u00e7ka interesante dhe t\u00eb re nga k\u00ebto fjal\u00eb t\u00eb mia.<\/p>\n

Ai 802.11ax q\u00eb e presim \u00e7do dit\u00eb q\u00eb nga fillimi i vitit t\u00eb kaluar, sjell nj\u00eb mori t\u00eb re dhe mahnit\u00ebse. Para \u00e7do personi q\u00eb d\u00ebshiron t\u00eb flas\u00eb di\u00e7ka p\u00ebr t\u00eb, gjithmon\u00eb del nj\u00eb zgjedhje: ose t\u00eb b\u00ebj\u00eb nj\u00eb p\u00ebrmbledhje t\u00eb shpejt\u00eb duke p\u00ebrmendur shum\u00eb shkronja dhe akronime, duke u p\u00ebrpjekur t\u00eb mos ngat\u00ebrrohet n\u00eb mekanizmat komplekse brenda \u00e7do prej tyre, ose t\u00eb b\u00ebj\u00eb nj\u00eb prezantim t\u00eb gjat\u00eb p\u00ebr di\u00e7ka t\u00eb vetme, q\u00eb i p\u00eblqen autorit. Un\u00eb do t\u00eb rrezikoj\u00eb t\u00eb shkoj edhe m\u00eb tej: pjesa m\u00eb e madhe e sh\u00ebnimeve t\u00eb mia do t\u00eb dedikohet madje jo t\u00eb rejave!
\n<\/a><\/noindex>
\nPrandaj, q\u00eb nga vitet e fundit t\u00eb kaluar, nj\u00eb pjes\u00eb e mir\u00eb e rrjeteve t\u00eb transmetimit t\u00eb t\u00eb dh\u00ebnave pa tela \u00ebsht\u00eb nd\u00ebrtuar mbi nj\u00eb s\u00ebr\u00eb standardesh t\u00eb familjes 802.11, dhe, si\u00e7 pritet nga nj\u00eb prezantues i respektuar, do t\u00eb kisha duhej t\u00eb rikujtoja paksa kronologjin\u00eb e gjith\u00eb ngjarjeve q\u00eb i dhuruan bot\u00ebs miliarda pajisje t\u00eb p\u00ebrputhshme me nj\u00ebri-tjetrin \u2014 por, si nj\u00eb autor q\u00eb respekton lexuesin, un\u00eb do t\u00eb rrezikoj\u00eb ta l\u00eb k\u00ebt\u00eb jasht\u00eb. Megjithat\u00eb, disa gj\u00ebra duhet t\u00eb rikujtohen. <\/p>\n

T\u00eb gjitha iteracionet e Wi-Fi kan\u00eb vendosur theksin te besueshm\u00ebria mbi maksimizimin e kapaciteteve. Kjo p\u00ebrfundon nga mekanizmi i qasjes n\u00eb mjedis (CSMA\/CA), q\u00eb nuk \u00ebsht\u00eb optimal p\u00ebr nxjerrjen e bit\u00ebve t\u00eb fundit p\u00ebr sekond\u00eb nga mjedisi i transmetimit (m\u00eb shum\u00eb rreth pafavorshm\u00ebris\u00eb s\u00eb bot\u00ebs n\u00eb t\u00ebr\u00ebsi dhe Wi-Fi-t n\u00eb ve\u00e7anti mund t\u00eb lexoni n\u00eb artikullin e ish-kolegut tim. skhomm<\/a><\/noindex> k\u00ebtu<\/a><\/noindex>), por q\u00eb \u00ebsht\u00eb jasht\u00ebzakonisht e q\u00ebndrueshme n\u00eb praktisht \u00e7do kush. N\u00eb t\u00eb v\u00ebrtet\u00eb, mund t\u00eb thyhen pothuajse t\u00eb gjitha parimet themelore t\u00eb projektimit t\u00eb rrjeteve Wi-Fi \u2014 dhe n\u00eb nj\u00eb rrjet t\u00eb till\u00eb, shk\u00ebmbimi i t\u00eb dh\u00ebnave do t\u00eb vazhdoj\u00eb! I gjith\u00eb mekanizmi, q\u00eb synon at\u00eb q\u00eb n\u00eb anglisht quhet me nj\u00eb fjal\u00eb t\u00eb v\u00ebshtir\u00eb p\u00ebr t'u p\u00ebrkthyer, robustness, \u00ebsht\u00eb i dedikuar p\u00ebr t\u00eb siguruar q\u00eb klient\u00ebt e rrjetit Wi-Fi t\u00eb ken\u00eb mund\u00ebsin\u00eb t\u00eb d\u00ebrgojn\u00eb dhe\/ose pranojn\u00eb pjes\u00ebt e tyre t\u00eb t\u00eb dh\u00ebnave. E gjith\u00eb shtresa e rritjeve t\u00eb moduluar, agregimit t\u00eb \u00e7ar\u00e7af\u00ebve me t\u00eb dh\u00ebna (nuk \u00ebsht\u00eb plot\u00ebsisht e sakt\u00eb, por le t\u00eb jet\u00eb!) vazhdon t\u00eb funksionoj\u00eb pas dy parimeve themelore 802.11, q\u00eb sigurojn\u00eb k\u00ebt\u00eb besueshm\u00ebri t\u00eb pa dhe t\u00eb krahasueshme:<\/p>\n

    \n
  1. \u201cP\u00ebr sa koh\u00eb q\u00eb flet nj\u00ebri \u2014 t\u00eb tjer\u00ebt heshtin\u201d;<\/li>\n
  2. \u00abGjith\u00e7ka, p\u00ebrve\u00e7 t\u00eb dh\u00ebnave, \u00ebsht\u00eb th\u00ebn\u00eb ngadal\u00eb dhe qart\u00eb\u00bb.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

    \nPika e dyt\u00eb shkakton shum\u00eb m\u00eb shum\u00eb d\u00ebme n\u00eb kapacitetin e rrjetit sesa mund t\u00eb duket n\u00eb k\u00ebrkes\u00ebn e par\u00eb. Ja nj\u00eb imazh i bukur, q\u00eb ilustron nj\u00eb cop\u00eb t\u00eb dh\u00ebnash t\u00eb d\u00ebrguar n\u00eb rrjetin Wi-Fi:<\/p>\n

    \"E
    \n
    \nLe t\u00eb kuptojm\u00eb se \u00e7far\u00eb do t\u00eb thot\u00eb p\u00ebr njer\u00ebzit e zakonsh\u00ebm, q\u00eb nuk dijn\u00eb se sa faqe ka standardi 802.11-2016. Shpejt\u00ebsia e transmetimit t\u00eb t\u00eb dh\u00ebnave, q\u00eb sistemi e shkruan n\u00eb pronat e rrjetit pa tel dhe q\u00eb marketingu i \u00e7do prodhuesi e ilustron n\u00eb kutit\u00eb e pikave t\u00eb aksesit (sigurisht q\u00eb e keni par\u00eb \u2014 1.7 Gb\/s! 2.4 Gb\/s! 9000 Gb\/s!), nuk \u00ebsht\u00eb vet\u00ebm maksimali dhe pika m\u00eb e lart\u00eb gjat\u00eb 100% t\u00eb koh\u00ebs s\u00eb z\u00ebn\u00eb me transmetim, por gjithashtu \u00ebsht\u00eb shpejt\u00ebsia me t\u00eb cil\u00ebn do t\u00eb d\u00ebrgohet vet\u00ebm pjesa blu n\u00eb k\u00ebt\u00eb grafik t\u00eb bukur. Gjith\u00e7ka tjet\u00ebr do t\u00eb d\u00ebrgohet me nj\u00eb shpejt\u00ebsi, q\u00eb n\u00eb anglisht njihet si management rate (edhe n\u00eb rusisht, sepse p\u00ebrkthimi i k\u00ebtyre shprehjeve rrezikon keqkuptime m\u00eb t\u00eb m\u00ebdha mes inxhinier\u00ebve), e cila \u00ebsht\u00eb m\u00eb e ul\u00ebt jo pak, por n\u00eb QIND<\/b> p.sh. P.sh, pa asnj\u00eb cil\u00ebsim shtes\u00eb, rrjeti n\u00eb 802.11ac, q\u00eb mund t\u00eb punoj\u00eb me klient\u00ebt me shpejt\u00ebsi kanali prej 1300 Mb\/s, transmeton t\u00eb gjith\u00eb informacionin administrativ (gjith\u00e7ka q\u00eb nuk \u00ebsht\u00eb blu n\u00eb grafik\u00ebn ton\u00eb gjithnj\u00eb e m\u00eb shqet\u00ebsuese) me nj\u00eb norm\u00eb menaxhimi prej 6 Mb\/s. N\u00eb m\u00eb shum\u00eb se dyqind her\u00eb m\u00eb ngadal\u00eb! <\/p>\n

    Nj\u00eb pyetje logjike \u2014 n\u00eb cilin, m\u00eb falni, dat\u00eb t\u00eb cilit muaji mund t\u00eb ishte kjo ide e d\u00ebmshme q\u00eb n\u00eb fakt t\u00eb p\u00ebrfshihej n\u00eb standart, me t\u00eb cilin punojn\u00eb miliarda pajisje n\u00eb t\u00eb gjith\u00eb bot\u00ebn? P\u00ebrgjigja logjike \u2014 p\u00ebrputhshm\u00ebria, p\u00ebrputhshm\u00ebria, p\u00ebrputhshm\u00ebria! Rrjeti n\u00eb pik\u00ebn m\u00eb t\u00eb re t\u00eb qasjes duhet t\u00eb siguroj\u00eb mund\u00ebsin\u00eb e pun\u00ebs p\u00ebr pajisje deri n\u00eb dhjet\u00eb dhe madje pes\u00ebmb\u00ebdhjet\u00eb vje\u00e7are, dhe pik\u00ebrisht n\u00eb t\u00eb gjitha k\u00ebto pjes\u00eb \u201cjo-t\u00eb-blu\u201d. \u00ebsht\u00eb informacioni q\u00eb pajisjet e vjetra t\u00eb ngadalta do ta d\u00ebgjojn\u00eb, do ta kuptojn\u00eb si\u00e7 duhet dhe nuk do t\u00eb p\u00ebrpiqen t\u00eb transmetojn\u00eb t\u00eb tyre gjat\u00eb transmetimit t\u00eb pjes\u00ebve me shpejt\u00ebsi t\u00eb lart\u00eb. Robust\u00ebsia k\u00ebrkon sakrifica!<\/p>\n

    Tani po jam gatsh\u00ebm t\u00eb ofroj \u00e7do personi t\u00eb interesuar nj\u00eb mjet t\u00eb paz\u00ebvend\u00ebsuesh\u00ebm p\u00ebr t\u00eb habitur n\u00eb m\u00ebnyr\u00eb t\u00eb pafund duke humbur n\u00eb megabitet e duke u transmetuar n\u00eb Wi-Fi t\u00eb modernizuar \u2014 ky \u00ebsht\u00eb nj\u00eb mjet q\u00eb tashm\u00eb \u00ebsht\u00eb b\u00ebr\u00eb i domosdosh\u00ebm p\u00ebr t'u studiuar n\u00eb qarqet inxhinierike t\u00eb p\u00ebrfshira. The WiFi AirTime Calculator<\/b> n\u00ebn autor\u00ebsin\u00eb e entuziastit norvegjez t\u00eb 802.11 Gjermund Raaen. Ai \u00ebsht\u00eb n\u00eb dispozicion n\u00eb kjo lidhje<\/a><\/noindex> \u2014 rezultati i pun\u00ebs s\u00eb tij duket m\u00eb ndryshe k\u00ebshtu:<\/p>\n

    \"E
    \n
    \nRreshti 1 \u2014 koha e kaluar p\u00ebr t\u00eb transmetuar nj\u00eb paket\u00eb t\u00eb dh\u00ebnash me gjat\u00ebsi 1512 byte nga nj\u00eb pajisje 802.11n me nj\u00eb gjer\u00ebsi kanali prej 20 MHz.<\/p>\n

    Rreshti 2 \u2014 koha e kaluar p\u00ebr t\u00eb transmetuar nj\u00eb paket\u00eb t\u00eb ngjashme nga nj\u00eb pajisje me t\u00eb nj\u00ebjt\u00ebn formul\u00eb antene, por q\u00eb punon sipas standardit 802.11ac n\u00eb nj\u00eb kanal me gjer\u00ebsi 80 MHz.<\/p>\n

    Si \u00ebsht\u00eb e mundur \u2014 \u201c\u00ebsht\u00eb prishur\u201d kat\u00ebr her\u00eb m\u00eb shum\u00eb spektri, modulimi maksimal \u00ebsht\u00eb nd\u00ebrlikuar nga 64QAM n\u00eb 256QAM, shpejt\u00ebsia e kanalit \u00ebsht\u00eb m\u00eb e lart\u00eb me SHESHTE<\/b> her\u00eb (433 Mb\/s n\u00eb vend t\u00eb 72 Mb\/s), dhe \u00ebsht\u00eb fituar maksimumi 25% koh\u00ebzgjatje t\u00eb spektrit? <\/p>\n

    Kompatibiliteti dhe dy principet 802.11, e mbani mend?<\/p>\n

    Mir\u00eb, si mund t\u00eb korrigjojm\u00eb nj\u00eb padrejt\u00ebsi dhe shp\u00ebrdorim t\u00eb till\u00eb \u2013 do t\u00eb pyesim ne veten, si ndoshta e ka pyetur \u00e7do grup punues i IEEE, q\u00eb ka filluar krijimin e standardit? M\u00eb vjen n\u00eb mend disa rrug\u00eblogjike:<\/p>\n

      \n
    1. T\u00eb shpejtojm\u00eb transferimin e t\u00eb dh\u00ebnave n\u00eb pjes\u00ebn 'e gjelb\u00ebr' t\u00eb grafik\u00ebs.<\/i><\/b> Kjo b\u00ebhet me \u00e7do standard t\u00eb ri, sepse numrat e m\u00ebdhenj duken bukur n\u00eb kuti. N\u00eb praktik\u00eb, si\u00e7 e v\u00ebm\u00eb re, jep vet\u00ebm nj\u00eb rritje t\u00eb p\u00ebrfunduar \u2013 edhe n\u00ebse e shpejtojm\u00eb shpejt\u00ebsin\u00eb e kanalit n\u00eb nj\u00ebqind mij\u00eb milion gigabit n\u00eb nanosekund\u00eb, t\u00eb gjitha pjes\u00ebt e tjera t\u00eb grafik\u00ebs nuk do t\u00eb zhduken. Prandaj, rekomandoj q\u00eb n\u00eb t\u00eb gjitha tregimet p\u00ebr t\u00eb gjith\u00eb standartet e reja 802.11, t\u00eb kaloni paragraf\u00ebt q\u00eb p\u00ebrmendin megabit\u00ebt p\u00ebr sekond\u00eb.<\/li>\n
    2. T\u00eb shpejtojm\u00eb t\u00eb gjitha pjes\u00ebt e tjera t\u00eb grafik\u00ebs.<\/i><\/b> N\u00eb t\u00eb v\u00ebrtet\u00eb, n\u00ebse e dyfishojm\u00eb shpejt\u00ebsin\u00eb me t\u00eb cil\u00ebn transmetohet \u00e7do gj\u00eb \"jo-e gjelb\u00ebr\" (apo \"jo-e kalt\u00ebr\", n\u00ebse ende po e shihni imazhin e m\u00ebparsh\u00ebm), do t\u00eb arrijm\u00eb pak m\u00eb pak se 50% rritje t\u00eb v\u00ebrtet\u00eb t\u00eb kapacitetit \u2014 megjithat\u00eb, duke humbur kompatibilitetin me pajisjet dhe me nj\u00eb s\u00ebr\u00eb nuancash t\u00eb tjera p\u00ebr t\u00eb cilat do t\u00eb m\u00ebsoni kur t\u00eb filloni t\u00eb p\u00ebrgatiteni p\u00ebr provimin p\u00ebr titullin e nderit CWNA \ud83d\ude42 Spoiler: nuk do t\u00eb jet\u00eb gjithmon\u00eb e leht\u00eb, por pas nj\u00eb reflektimi t\u00eb thell\u00eb dhe duke kuptuar pasojat. N\u00eb t\u00eb v\u00ebrtet\u00eb, kjo \u00ebsht\u00eb nj\u00eb shkelje e nj\u00eb prej dy principeve 802.11, prandaj duhet t\u00eb jeni shum\u00eb t\u00eb kujdessh\u00ebm me t\u00eb!<\/li>\n
    3. T\u00eb grijm\u00eb disa nga k\u00ebto \u00e7adra s\u00eb bashku me pjes\u00ebt e gjelb\u00ebrta.<\/i><\/b> Sa m\u00eb e gjat\u00eb t\u00eb jet\u00eb pjesa e gjelb\u00ebr, aq m\u00eb efektiv \u00ebsht\u00eb rritja e shpejt\u00ebsis\u00eb s\u00eb kanalit. Po, kjo \u00ebsht\u00eb nj\u00eb strategji e vlefshme, q\u00eb ka filluar q\u00eb nga 802.11n dhe \u00ebsht\u00eb nj\u00eb nga disa gur\u00ebt themelor\u00eb t\u00eb revolucionit t\u00eb tij. Problemi \u00ebsht\u00eb se, s\u00eb pari, disa aplikacione nuk i kushtojn\u00eb r\u00ebnd\u00ebsi k\u00ebsaj aggregimi (p\u00ebr shembull, ai i famsh\u00ebm Voice over Wi-Fi), dhe s\u00eb dyti, disa pajisje gjithashtu nuk e p\u00ebrdorin at\u00eb (nj\u00eb her\u00eb vendosa t\u00eb kap disa nga k\u00ebto frame t\u00eb agreguara n\u00eb nj\u00eb rrjet t\u00eb v\u00ebrtet\u00eb t\u00eb kompanis\u00eb ku punoj, por p\u00ebr m\u00eb shum\u00eb se 500k \u201ct\u00eb kapura\u201d kadra t\u00eb agreguara, asnj\u00ebra nuk doli. Ndoshta problemin e ka metodologjia ime e mbledhjes s\u00eb t\u00eb dh\u00ebnave, por jam gati ta diskutoj at\u00eb me k\u00ebdo q\u00eb d\u00ebshiron n\u00eb nj\u00eb bised\u00eb private!). <\/li>\n
    4. T\u00eb thyhet principi i par\u00eb nga dy principet e 802.11, duke filluar t\u00eb flas\u00ebsh kur dikush tjet\u00ebr po flet.<\/i><\/b> Dhe k\u00ebtu ndihmon 802.11ax.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

      \nSi mir\u00eb, p\u00ebrfundimisht arrita n\u00eb tregimin tim p\u00ebr Wi-Fi 6 pik\u00ebrisht n\u00eb Wi-Fi 6! N\u00ebse po e lexoni k\u00ebt\u00eb, do thot\u00eb se ose keni nj\u00eb obligim p\u00ebr ta b\u00ebr\u00eb k\u00ebt\u00eb p\u00ebr ndonj\u00eb arsye, ose jeni me t\u00eb v\u00ebrtet\u00eb t\u00eb interesuar. E pra, ndon\u00ebse 802.11ax trash\u00ebgon nj\u00eb pjes\u00eb t\u00eb madhe t\u00eb pun\u00ebve t\u00eb m\u00ebparshme nga e gjith\u00eb familja 802.11 (dhe jo vet\u00ebm, n\u00eb fakt - disa gj\u00ebra interesante u shfaq\u00ebn gjithashtu n\u00eb 802.16, q\u00eb \u00ebsht\u00eb WiMAX), disa aspekte t\u00eb tij jan\u00eb ende t\u00eb fresk\u00ebta dhe origjinale. Zakonisht n\u00eb k\u00ebt\u00eb pik\u00eb shfaqet nj\u00eb pamje si kjo, e cila \u00ebsht\u00eb n\u00eb dispozicion n\u00eb faqen e Wi-Fi Alliance:<\/p>\n

      \"E
      \n
      \nSi\u00e7 p\u00ebrmenda q\u00eb n\u00eb fillim, do t\u00eb mund t\u00eb shqyrtojm\u00eb mjaft mir\u00eb vet\u00ebm nj\u00eb nga k\u00ebto pikat kryesore brenda nj\u00eb artikulli t\u00eb thjesht\u00eb p\u00ebr t'u lexuar, konkretisht asnj\u00eb nga ato t\u00eb paraqitura n\u00eb pamje (ja nj\u00eb papritur!). Jam i sigurt se tashm\u00eb keni lexuar miliona p\u00ebrshkrime t\u00eb shpejta p\u00ebr secilin nga k\u00ebto tet\u00eb elemente kryesore, un\u00eb do t\u00eb vazhdoj tregimin tim t\u00eb m\u00ebrzitsh\u00ebm t\u00eb gjat\u00eb p\u00ebr at\u00eb q\u00eb pason nga OFDMA - p\u00ebr kontrollin e aksesit t\u00eb shumt\u00eb (MU-access control), i cili, si\u00e7 shohim, n\u00eb fakt nuk u p\u00ebrfshi n\u00eb infografik\u00eb. Dhe kjo \u00ebsht\u00eb nj\u00eb keqkuptim!<\/p>\n

      Qasja shum\u00ebfishe \u00ebsht\u00eb ajo q\u00eb e b\u00ebn ndarjen e kanaleve n\u00eb n\u00ebnfrekuenca t\u00eb ket\u00eb kuptim. Pse t\u00eb p\u00ebrpiqemi t\u00eb shohim cop\u00ebza t\u00eb ndryshme t\u00eb spektrit, n\u00ebse nuk do t\u00eb ket\u00eb nj\u00eb mekaniz\u00ebm q\u00eb do t'i b\u00ebj\u00eb klient\u00ebt e rrjetit t\u00eb ri Wi-Fi 6 t\u00eb shkelin nj\u00eb nga rregullat e pal\u00ebkundura deri m\u00eb tani dhe t\u00eb fillojn\u00eb t\u00eb flasin nj\u00ebkoh\u00ebsisht? Dhe, sigurisht, nj\u00eb mekaniz\u00ebm i till\u00eb thjesht duhej t\u00eb kishte dal\u00eb \u2014 dhe t\u00eb ulte ndikimin e problemit t\u00eb \"gjat\u00eb\" n\u00eb krahasim me t\u00eb dh\u00ebnat e informacionit sh\u00ebrbyes. Si? Shum\u00eb thjesht: le t\u00eb d\u00ebrgohet pjesa \"e ngadalt\u00eb\", sh\u00ebrbyese, ashtu si\u00e7 ka qen\u00eb m\u00eb par\u00eb, dhe pjesa \"e shpejt\u00eb\", n\u00eb t\u00eb cil\u00ebn kalojn\u00eb t\u00eb dh\u00ebnat, do ta d\u00ebrgojm\u00eb nj\u00ebkoh\u00ebsisht nga disa (ose n\u00eb disa) pajisje me nj\u00eb komando! Kjo duket pak a shum\u00eb k\u00ebshtu:<\/p>\n

      \"E
      \n
      \nDuket e komplikuar, por n\u00eb esenc\u00eb shpjegohet leht\u00ebsisht: pika e qasjes me an\u00eb t\u00eb nj\u00eb frekuence t\u00eb ve\u00e7ant\u00eb, t\u00eb kuptueshme p\u00ebr t\u00eb gjith\u00eb (madje edhe p\u00ebr pajisjet q\u00eb nuk jan\u00eb Wi-Fi 6!) i njofton klient\u00ebt se \u00ebsht\u00eb e gatshme t\u00eb transferoj\u00eb t\u00eb dh\u00ebnat nj\u00ebkoh\u00ebsisht STA1 dhe STA2. Pasi \u201ckoka\u201d e k\u00ebsaj frekuence \u00ebsht\u00eb plot\u00ebsisht e kuptueshme edhe p\u00ebr klient\u00ebt shum\u00eb, shum\u00eb t\u00eb vjet\u00ebr, ata arrijn\u00eb n\u00eb p\u00ebrfundimin e duhur q\u00eb spektri do t\u00eb jet\u00eb i z\u00ebn\u00eb p\u00ebr nj\u00eb koh\u00eb t\u00eb caktuar duke transferuar informacion p\u00ebr klient\u00ebt e tjer\u00eb t\u00eb rrjetit dhe fillojn\u00eb t\u00eb num\u00ebrojn\u00eb koh\u00ebn deri n\u00eb p\u00ebrfundimin e k\u00ebsaj periudhe (ashtu si gjithmon\u00eb n\u00eb Wi-Fi). Nd\u00ebrsa pajisjet STA1 dhe STA2 kuptojn\u00eb se tani do t'u transferohen t\u00eb dh\u00ebna n\u00eb nj\u00eb m\u00ebnyr\u00eb t\u00eb re, nj\u00ebkoh\u00ebsisht, secila n\u00eb pjes\u00ebn e saj t\u00eb kanalit, dhe iu p\u00ebrgjigjen pik\u00ebs s\u00eb qasjes gjithashtu nj\u00ebkoh\u00ebsisht, pastaj konfirmojn\u00eb n\u00eb m\u00ebnyr\u00eb t\u00eb sinkronizuar pranimin e paket\u00ebs (secili me porcionin e tij t\u00eb t\u00eb dh\u00ebnave!), dhe ambienti lirizohet p\u00ebrs\u00ebri. \u201cNga posht\u00eb lart\u201d kjo funksionon n\u00eb m\u00ebnyr\u00eb t\u00eb ngjashme:<\/p>\n

      \"E
      \n
      \nDall\u00eb dhe e dukshme ndryshimi \u00ebsht\u00eb pika e aksesit, e cila n\u00eb k\u00ebt\u00eb situat\u00eb informon stacionet q\u00eb din\u00eb t\u00eb flasin nj\u00ebkoh\u00ebsisht se kur t\u00eb nisin transferimin, duke p\u00ebrdorur nj\u00eb kad\u00ebr t\u00eb ve\u00e7ant\u00eb, i cili quhet Trigger. Kjo, n\u00eb thelb, \u00ebsht\u00eb nj\u00eb \"gjuajt\u00ebs\" i ri i gjith\u00eb mekanizmit t\u00eb aksesit t\u00eb shum\u00ebfisht\u00eb n\u00eb mjedis, i cili \u00ebsht\u00eb, sipas mendimit tim modest, nj\u00eb nga inovacionet m\u00eb t\u00eb r\u00ebnd\u00ebsishme \"n\u00ebn kapak\" t\u00eb standardit t\u00eb ri. N\u00eb t\u00eb, klient\u00ebt marrin nj\u00eb \"orare\", sesi t\u00eb ndajn\u00eb nj\u00eb kanal frekuence midis vetes; po ashtu, n\u00eb t\u00eb, klient\u00ebt njoftojn\u00eb nj\u00ebkoh\u00ebsisht pik\u00ebn e aksesit se kan\u00eb marr\u00eb pjes\u00ebt e tyre t\u00eb t\u00eb dh\u00ebnave dhe arrit\u00ebn t'i shqyrtojn\u00eb ato. N\u00eb t\u00eb, pika e aksesit njofton t\u00eb gjith\u00eb ata q\u00eb mund t\u00eb \"flasin\" nj\u00ebkoh\u00ebsisht p\u00ebr fillimin e transferimit t\u00eb t\u00eb dh\u00ebnave \u2014 po ashtu dhe pika e aksesit nis d\u00ebrgimin e t\u00eb dh\u00ebnave t\u00eb nevojshme. Mekanizmi i ri Trigger frame, n\u00eb thelb, lejon t\u00eb zvog\u00ebloj\u00eb p\u00ebrdorimin iracional t\u00eb z\u00ebnies s\u00eb frekuenc\u00ebs \u2014 dhe k\u00ebt\u00eb aq efektivisht sa ka sa m\u00eb shum\u00eb klient\u00eb q\u00eb mund ta p\u00ebrdorin dhe ta perceptojn\u00eb sakt\u00eb!<\/p>\n

      Tani, le t\u00eb formulojm\u00eb piketat kryesore q\u00eb dalin nga e gjith\u00eb kjo histori e gjat\u00eb dhe pretendon p\u00ebr TL;DR: <\/p>\n

        \n
      1. Pikat e aksesit t\u00eb standardit t\u00eb ri 802.11ax, edhe duke u mb\u00ebshtetur vet\u00ebm n\u00eb nj\u00eb nga shum\u00eb risit\u00eb, do t\u00eb fillojn\u00eb t\u00eb rrisin kapacitetin e p\u00ebrgjithsh\u00ebm t\u00eb rrjetit q\u00eb n\u00eb i dyt\u00eb<\/b> nj\u00eb pajisje klientesh t\u00eb p\u00ebrshtatshme! Sapo t\u00eb ket\u00eb t\u00eb pakt\u00ebn dy klient\u00eb q\u00eb mund t\u00eb flasin nj\u00ebkoh\u00ebsisht, n\u00ebse t\u00eb gjitha t\u00eb tjerat jan\u00eb t\u00eb barabarta (nuk kam asnj\u00eb arsye p\u00ebr t\u00eb supozuar se drejtuesit p\u00ebr modulat radio t\u00eb klient\u00ebve do t\u00eb shkruhen m\u00eb mir\u00eb se m\u00eb par\u00eb, q\u00eb do t\u00eb thot\u00eb se agregimi i pjes\u00ebve \u201ct\u00eb dobishme\u201d t\u00eb cadrove, dhe shum\u00eb funksione t\u00eb tjera q\u00eb varen nga klienti, do t\u00eb vazhdojn\u00eb t\u00eb funksionojn\u00eb \u201cmesatarisht si n\u00eb kopshtin zoologjik\u201d dhe nuk do t\u00eb jen\u00eb shum\u00eb t\u00eb mira) ata tashm\u00eb do t\u00eb rrisin kapacitetin mesatar. Prandaj, n\u00ebse jeni duke menduar p\u00ebr nj\u00eb rrjet t\u00eb ri Wi-Fi, \u00ebsht\u00eb e k\u00ebshillueshme t\u00eb shqyrtoni menj\u00ebher\u00eb pikat e aksesit m\u00eb t\u00eb reja dhe m\u00eb t\u00eb mira, sepse edhe n\u00ebse aktualisht ka ende pak klient\u00eb p\u00ebr to, situata nuk do t\u00eb zgjas\u00eb shum\u00eb.<\/li>\n
      2. T\u00eb gjitha truket dhe hilet q\u00eb sot jan\u00eb n\u00eb arsenalin e nj\u00eb inxhinieri t\u00eb mir\u00eb t\u00eb pa tel, do t\u00eb mbeten t\u00eb r\u00ebnd\u00ebsishme p\u00ebr nj\u00eb koh\u00eb t\u00eb gjat\u00eb \u2014 mekanizmi i qasjes n\u00eb ambient, megjith\u00ebse \u00ebsht\u00eb p\u00ebrmir\u00ebsuar, ka prekur parimet themelore q\u00eb kan\u00eb mbajtur mbi 20 vjet, por ende vendos n\u00eb fokus p\u00ebrputhshm\u00ebrin\u00eb. Ende \u00ebsht\u00eb e nevojshme t\u00eb p\u00ebrjashtohen \"normat e menaxhimit\" t\u00eb \"ngadalta\" (dhe ende \u00ebsht\u00eb e nevojshme t\u00eb kuptohet se pse dhe kur), ende \u00ebsht\u00eb e nevojshme t\u00eb planifikohet sakt\u00eb niveli fizik, sepse asnj\u00eb mekaniz\u00ebm n\u00eb nivelin e kanaleve nuk do t\u00eb funksionoj\u00eb, n\u00ebse ka probleme n\u00eb nivelin fizik. Thjesht ka lindur mund\u00ebsia p\u00ebr t\u00eb b\u00ebr\u00eb edhe m\u00eb t\u00eb mira<\/i>.<\/li>\n
      3. Gati t\u00eb gjitha zgjidhjet n\u00eb Wi-Fi 6 i merr pika e qasjes. Si\u00e7 e shohim, ajo menaxhon qasjen e klient\u00ebve n\u00eb ambient, duke i bashkuar pajisjet n\u00eb \"periudha\" t\u00eb funksionimit t\u00eb p\u00ebrbashk\u00ebt. Duke u larguar paksa nga kjo, funksionimi i TWT gjithashtu \u00ebsht\u00eb plot\u00ebsisht n\u00eb duar t\u00eb pik\u00ebs s\u00eb qasjes. Tani, ajo duhet jo vet\u00ebm t\u00eb \"transmetoj\u00eb rrjetin\" dhe t\u00eb ruaj\u00eb trafikun n\u00eb radh\u00eb, por gjithashtu t\u00eb mbaj\u00eb gjurm\u00ebt e t\u00eb gjith\u00eb klient\u00ebve, duke planifikuar se si t'i bashkoj\u00eb ata sa m\u00eb t\u00eb favorsh\u00ebm, bazuar n\u00eb kapacitetet dhe nevojat e tyre p\u00ebr trafik, baterit\u00eb e tyre, dhe shum\u00eb-m\u00eb shum\u00eb gj\u00ebra t\u00eb tjera \u2014 un\u00eb e quaj k\u00ebt\u00eb proces \"orkestrim\". Algoritmet me t\u00eb cilat pika e qasjes do t\u00eb merr k\u00ebto vendime nuk rregullohen, dhe thishtas \u00ebsht\u00eb se cil\u00ebsia e v\u00ebrtet\u00eb dhe qasja strukturore e prodhuesve do t\u00eb shfaqet n\u00eb zhvillimin e algoritmeve t\u00eb orkestrimit. Sa m\u00eb sakt\u00eb t\u00eb parashikojn\u00eb pikat nevojat e klient\u00ebve, aq m\u00eb mir\u00eb dhe m\u00eb nj\u00eblloj do t\u00eb mund t\u00eb bashkojn\u00eb ata n\u00eb grupe me qasje t\u00eb shum\u00ebfishta \u2014 si rezultat, do t\u00eb jen\u00eb m\u00eb efektiv n\u00eb p\u00ebrdorimin e burimeve t\u00eb eterit dhe m\u00eb e lart\u00eb do t\u00eb jet\u00eb kapaciteti p\u00ebrfundimtar i k\u00ebsaj pike qasje. Algoritmi \u00ebsht\u00eb frontier i fundit!<\/li>\n
      4. Kalimi nga Wi-Fi 5 n\u00eb Wi-Fi 6 \u00ebsht\u00eb po aq revolucionar sa kalimi nga 802.11g n\u00eb 802.11n. At\u00ebher\u00eb ne mor\u00ebm shum\u00ebkanal\u00ebsin\u00eb dhe agregimin e \"ngarkes\u00ebs s\u00eb dobishme\" \u2014 tani po p\u00ebrfitojm\u00eb nga akses i nj\u00ebkohsh\u00ebm n\u00eb mjedis dhe p\u00ebrfundimisht MU-MIMO dhe Beamforming q\u00eb funksionojn\u00eb (s\u00eb pari, si\u00e7 e dim\u00eb, k\u00ebto jan\u00eb pothuajse t\u00eb nj\u00ebjta; s\u00eb dyti, diskutimi \"pse MU-MIMO n\u00eb 802.11ac u shpik, por nuk u aktivizua\" \u2014 \u00ebsht\u00eb nj\u00eb tem\u00eb p\u00ebr nj\u00eb artikull tjet\u00ebr t\u00eb madh \ud83d\ude42 ). T\u00eb dy 802.11n dhe Wi-Fi 6 funksionojn\u00eb n\u00eb t\u00eb dyja bandat (2,4 GHz dhe 5 GHz), ndryshe nga paraardh\u00ebsit \"nd\u00ebrmjet\u00ebs\" \u2014 me t\u00eb v\u00ebrtet\u00eb, \"gjasht\" \u00ebsht\u00eb e reja \"kat\u00ebr\"!<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

        <\/p>\n

        Pak rreth origjin\u00ebs s\u00eb k\u00ebtij artikulli<\/b>
        \n Artikulli u shkrua p\u00ebr nj\u00eb konkurs t\u00eb organizuar nga kompania Huawei (fillimisht i publikuar         k\u00ebtu<\/a><\/noindex>). N\u00eb shum\u00eb aspekte, un\u00eb u mb\u00ebshteta n\u00eb shkrimin tim mbi konferenc\u00ebn \"Pa Tela\", q\u00eb u mbajt n\u00eb 2019 n\u00eb Sh\u00ebn Petersburg (regjistrimi i fjalimit mund t\u00eb shihet n\u00eb youtube<\/a><\/noindex>, vet\u00ebm kini parasysh \u2014 audio atje, p\u00ebr ta th\u00ebn\u00eb hapur, nuk \u00ebsht\u00eb shum\u00eb e mir\u00eb, pavar\u00ebsisht origjin\u00ebs s\u00eb videos nga Petersburg!).
        \n
        Burimi:         habr.com<\/a> <\/p>","protected":false,"gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"html"}]},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

        \u041f\u0440\u0438\u0432\u0435\u0442. \u0415\u0441\u043b\u0438 \u0432\u0435\u0440\u0438\u0442\u044c \u0442\u0435\u043e\u0440\u0438\u0438 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0441\u0442\u043e\u0442\u044b \u042d\u0439\u043d\u0448\u0442\u0435\u0439\u043d\u0430, \u0433\u043b\u0430\u0432\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u043f\u043e\u043a\u0430\u0437\u0430\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044c \u043f\u043e\u043d\u0438\u043c\u0430\u043d\u0438\u044f \u043f\u0440\u0435\u0434\u043c\u0435\u0442\u0430 \u2014 \u044d\u0442\u043e \u0441\u043f\u043e\u0441\u043e\u0431\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u044c \u043c\u0430\u043a\u0441\u0438\u043c\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0441\u0442\u043e \u0435\u0433\u043e \u043e\u0431\u044a\u044f\u0441\u043d\u0438\u0442\u044c, \u0442\u043e \u0438 \u0432 \u044d\u0442\u043e\u043c \u043f\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0435 \u044f \u043f\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0430\u0440\u0430\u044e\u0441\u044c \u043c\u0430\u043a\u0441\u0438\u043c\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0441\u0442\u043e \u0438 \u043f\u043e\u0434\u0440\u043e\u0431\u043d\u043e \u043e\u0431\u044a\u044f\u0441\u043d\u0438\u0442\u044c \u0434\u0435\u0439\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0438\u0435 \u0432\u0441\u0435\u0433\u043e \u043e\u0434\u043d\u043e\u0439 \u0434\u0435\u0442\u0430\u043b\u0438 \u043d\u043e\u0432\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0441\u0442\u0430\u043d\u0434\u0430\u0440\u0442\u0430, \u043a\u043e\u0442\u043e\u0440\u0443\u044e \u043f\u043e\u0447\u0435\u043c\u0443-\u0442\u043e \u0434\u0430\u0436\u0435 Wi-Fi Alliance \u0441\u0447\u0438\u0442\u0430\u0435\u0442 \u043d\u0435\u0434\u043e\u0441\u0442\u043e\u0439\u043d\u043e\u0439 \u0443\u043f\u043e\u043c\u0438\u043d\u0430\u043d\u0438\u044f \u0432 \u0438\u043d\u0444\u043e\u0433\u0440\u0430\u0444\u0438\u043a\u0435 \u043e \u043d\u043e\u0432\u044b\u0445 \u0432\u043e\u0437\u043c\u043e\u0436\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u044f\u0445 Wi-Fi 6, \u0445\u043e\u0442\u044f \u043e\u043d\u0430, \u043a\u0430\u043a \u043c\u044b \u0441\u043a\u043e\u0440\u043e […]<\/p>\n","protected":false,"gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"html"}]},"author":1,"featured_media":84591,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[688],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-84590","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-administrirovanie"],"aioseo_notices":[],"aioseo_head":"\n\t\t\n\t\n\t\n\t\n\t\n\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\n","aioseo_head_json":{"title":"\ud83e\udd47Gjith\u00e7ka m\u00eb e r\u00ebnd\u00ebsishme n\u00eb Wi-Fi 6. 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