{"id":86559,"date":"2020-06-26T19:42:13","date_gmt":"2020-06-26T17:42:13","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/blog\/administrirovanie\/uchebnik-po-simulyatoru-seti-ns-3-glavy-12"},"modified":"2020-06-26T19:42:13","modified_gmt":"2020-06-26T17:42:13","slug":"uchebnik-po-simulyatoru-seti-ns-3-glavy-12","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/sq\/blog\/administrirovanie\/uchebnik-po-simulyatoru-seti-ns-3-glavy-12","title":{"rendered":"Shkolla p\u00ebr simulatorin e rrjetit ns-3. Kaptinat 1,2","gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"text"}]},"content":{"rendered":"<p>Ky kjo artikull hap nj\u00eb seri botimesh me p\u00ebrkthimin e librit<noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/www.nsnam.org\/docs\/release\/3.30\/tutorial\/ns-3-tutorial.pdf\">ns-3 Tutorial Release ns-3.29<\/a><\/noindex>p\u00ebr simulatorin e rrjet\u00ebve ns-3. <\/p>\n<p><\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" alt=\"Shkolla p\u00ebr simulatorin e rrjetit ns-3. Kaptinat 1,2\" src=\"\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/06\/cddee391ba8763baab6eaa185e081bf6.jpeg\" style=\"display:block;margin: 0 auto;\" \/><\/p>\n<p><\/p>\n<p>Ky dokument \u00ebsht\u00eb nj\u00eb p\u00ebrkthim i dokumentit origjinal n\u00eb anglisht, i shkruar n\u00eb <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"http:\/\/docutils.sourceforge.net\/rst.html\">reStructuredText<\/a><\/noindex> p\u00ebr <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"http:\/\/sphinx.pocoo.org\/\">Sphinx<\/a><\/noindex> dhe ruhet n\u00eb direktorin\u00eb <em>doc\/tutorial<\/em> t\u00eb kodit burimor t\u00eb ns-3.<\/p>\n<p><\/p>\n<p>1 Parath\u00ebnie<br \/>\n1.1 Rreth ns-3<br \/>\n1.2 P\u00ebr p\u00ebrdoruesit e ns-2<br \/>\n1.3 Pjes\u00ebmarrja n\u00eb projekt<br \/>\n1.4 Organizimi i udh\u00ebzuesit<br \/>\n2 Burimet e informacionit<br \/>\n2.1 Rrjeti<br \/>\n2.2 Git<br \/>\n2.3 WAF<br \/>\n2.4 Mjedisi i zhvillimit<br \/>\n2.5 Programimi i soket\u00ebve<br \/>\n<noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/habr.com\/ru\/post\/497318\/\">kapitulli 3<\/a><\/noindex><br \/>\n<noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/habr.com\/ru\/post\/497478\/\">kapitulli 4<\/a><\/noindex><br \/>\n<noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/habr.com\/ru\/post\/498372\/\">kapitulli 5<\/a><\/noindex><br \/>\n<noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/habr.com\/ru\/post\/500170\/\">kapitulli 6<\/a><\/noindex><br \/>\n<noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/habr.com\/ru\/post\/507472\/\">kapitulli 7<\/a><\/noindex><br \/>\n<noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/habr.com\/ru\/post\/507770\/\">kapitujt 8, 9<\/a><\/noindex><\/p>\n<p><\/p>\n<p><noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/habr.com\/ru\/post\/508218\/\">Shkarkoni p\u00ebrkthimin si nj\u00eb dosje pdf<\/a><\/noindex><\/p>\n<p><\/p>\n<p>Dokumentacioni fillestar p\u00ebr projektin ns-3 \u00ebsht\u00eb i disponuesh\u00ebm n\u00eb pes\u00eb forma:<\/p>\n<p><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Dokumentacioni i API-s\u00eb s\u00eb simulatorit: ns-3 <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"http:\/\/www.nsnam.org\/doxygen\/index.html\">Doxygen<\/a><\/noindex>.<\/li>\n<li>Udhezues, manual dhe bibliotek\u00eb modelesh p\u00ebr <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"http:\/\/www.nsnam.org\/documentation\/latest\/\">t\u00eb versionit m\u00eb t\u00eb fundit<\/a><\/noindex> dhe <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"http:\/\/www.nsnam.org\/ns-3-dev\/documentation\/\">struktur\u00ebn e zhvillimit<\/a><\/noindex>.<\/li>\n<li><noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"http:\/\/www.nsnam.org\/wiki\/Main_Page\">Wiki<\/a><\/noindex> ns-3.<noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" name=\"habracut\"><\/a><\/noindex><br \/>\n<h2 id=\"glava-1\">Kreu 1<\/h2>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><\/p>\n<h3 id=\"predislovie\">Parath\u00ebnie<\/h3>\n<p><\/p>\n<p>Simulatori ns-3 \u00ebsht\u00eb nj\u00eb simulator rrjeti me ngjarje diskrete, i destinuar kryesisht p\u00ebr k\u00ebrkime dhe p\u00ebrdorim n\u00eb arsim. Projekti q\u00eb zhvillon ns-3 filloi n\u00eb vitin 2006 dhe \u00ebsht\u00eb nj\u00eb projekt me kod t\u00eb hapur.<\/p>\n<p><\/p>\n<p>Q\u00ebllimi i k\u00ebtij udh\u00ebzuesi \u00ebsht\u00eb t\u00eb prezantoj\u00eb ns-3 p\u00ebr p\u00ebrdoruesit e rinj n\u00eb nj\u00eb m\u00ebnyr\u00eb sistematike dhe t\u00eb strukturuar. Ndonj\u00ebher\u00eb, nj\u00eb fillestar ka v\u00ebshtir\u00ebsi n\u00eb marrjen e informacionit t\u00eb nevojsh\u00ebm dhe ta kthej\u00eb at\u00eb n\u00eb modelim funksional. N\u00eb k\u00ebt\u00eb udh\u00ebzues do t\u00eb realizojm\u00eb disa shembuj modelimi, duke treguar dhe shpjeguar konceptet dhe karakteristikat kryesore gjat\u00eb procesit.<\/p>\n<p><\/p>\n<p>Gjat\u00eb shpjegimit, ne do t\u00eb prezantojm\u00eb dokumentacionin e plot\u00eb p\u00ebr ns-3 dhe do t\u00eb japim lidhjet p\u00ebr kodin burimor p\u00ebr ata q\u00eb jan\u00eb t\u00eb interesuar p\u00ebr nj\u00eb kuptim m\u00eb t\u00eb thell\u00eb t\u00eb funksionimit t\u00eb sistemit.<\/p>\n<p><\/p>\n<p>Fillimisht, duhet t\u00eb theksohen disa pika ky\u00e7e:<\/p>\n<p><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>ns-3 ka kod t\u00eb hapur, projekti k\u00ebrkon t\u00eb mbaj\u00eb nj\u00eb mjedis t\u00eb hapur ku hulumtuesit mund t\u00eb kontribuojn\u00eb dhe t\u00eb ndajn\u00eb pun\u00ebn e tyre t\u00eb zhvilluar.<\/li>\n<li>ns-3 nuk \u00ebsht\u00eb nj\u00eb zgjerim mb\u00ebshtet\u00ebs p\u00ebr ns-2, \u00ebsht\u00eb nj\u00eb simulator i ri. T\u00eb dy simulator\u00ebt jan\u00eb t\u00eb shkruar n\u00eb C++, por ns-3 \u00ebsht\u00eb nj\u00eb simulator i ri q\u00eb nuk mb\u00ebshtet API-t\u00eb e ns-2.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><\/p>\n<h3 id=\"11-o-ns-3\">1.1 Rreth ns-3<\/h3>\n<p><\/p>\n<p>Simulatori ns-3 \u00ebsht\u00eb zhvilluar p\u00ebr t\u00eb siguruar nj\u00eb platform\u00eb t\u00eb hapur dhe t\u00eb zgjerueshme p\u00ebr modelimin e rrjeteve, k\u00ebrkimeve t\u00eb rrjetit dhe edukimit. N\u00eb p\u00ebrmbledhje, ns-3 ofron modele t\u00eb asaj si jan\u00eb zbatuar dhe funksionojn\u00eb rrjetet e transferimit t\u00eb paketave dhe i ofron p\u00ebrdoruesit nj\u00eb motor simulatori p\u00ebr t\u00eb kryer eksperimente simulative. Arsyet p\u00ebr t\u00eb p\u00ebrdorur ns-3 mund t\u00eb p\u00ebrfshijn\u00eb situata kur \u00ebsht\u00eb e nevojshme t\u00eb kryhet nj\u00eb k\u00ebrkim q\u00eb \u00ebsht\u00eb i v\u00ebshtir\u00eb ose i pamundur t\u00eb kryhet n\u00eb nj\u00eb sistem real, mund\u00ebsia p\u00ebr t\u00eb studiuar sjelljen e nj\u00eb sistemi n\u00eb nj\u00eb ambient t\u00eb kontrolluar, si dhe t\u00eb kuptohet se si funksionojn\u00eb rrjetet. <\/p>\n<p><\/p>\n<p>P\u00ebrdoruesit do t\u00eb v\u00ebrejn\u00eb se grupi i modeleve i ofruar n\u00eb ns-3 \u00ebsht\u00eb p\u00ebrqendruar n\u00eb modelimin e pun\u00ebs s\u00eb protokollave t\u00eb internetit dhe rrjeteve, por ns-3 nuk \u00ebsht\u00eb i kufizuar vet\u00ebm n\u00eb sistemet e internetit, disa p\u00ebrdorues e p\u00ebrdorin ns-3 p\u00ebr t\u00eb modeluar sisteme q\u00eb nuk jan\u00eb t\u00eb bazuara n\u00eb teknologjit\u00eb e internetit.<\/p>\n<p><\/p>\n<p>Ekzistojn\u00eb shum\u00eb vegla p\u00ebr modelimin e rrjeteve. M\u00eb posht\u00eb jan\u00eb disa karakteristika t\u00eb ve\u00e7anta t\u00eb ns-3 n\u00eb krahasim me vegla t\u00eb tjera.<\/p>\n<p><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>ns-3 \u00ebsht\u00eb zhvilluar si nj\u00eb grup bibliotekash q\u00eb mund t\u00eb bashkohen s\u00eb bashku, si dhe me biblioteka t\u00eb tjera softuerike t\u00eb jashtme. Nd\u00ebrsa disa platforma modelimi ofrojn\u00eb p\u00ebrdoruesve nj\u00eb ambient t\u00eb integruar me nj\u00eb nd\u00ebrfaqe grafike p\u00ebr t\u00eb menaxhuar t\u00eb gjith\u00eb pun\u00ebn, ns-3 \u00ebsht\u00eb m\u00eb modulare n\u00eb k\u00ebt\u00eb aspekt. Me ns-3 mund t\u00eb p\u00ebrdoren disa animator\u00eb t\u00eb jasht\u00ebm, vegla p\u00ebr analizimin e t\u00eb dh\u00ebnave dhe p\u00ebr vizualizimin. Megjithat\u00eb, p\u00ebrdoruesit duhet t\u00eb presin t\u00eb punojn\u00eb n\u00eb nj\u00eb linj\u00eb komande dhe me vegla zhvillimi p\u00ebr C++ dhe \/ ose Python.<\/li>\n<li>ns-3 p\u00ebrdoret kryesisht n\u00eb sisteme Linux ose macOS, megjithat\u00eb ka mb\u00ebshtetje p\u00ebr sisteme BSD, si dhe p\u00ebr platforma Windows q\u00eb tregojn\u00eb se mund t\u00eb kompilojn\u00eb kod p\u00ebr Linux, si Windows Subsystem p\u00ebr Linux ose Cygwin. Visual Studio natyror p\u00ebr Windows aktualisht nuk mb\u00ebshtetet, megjithat\u00eb zhvilluesi po punon p\u00ebr implementimin e k\u00ebsaj mund\u00ebsie. P\u00ebrdoruesit e Windows mund t\u00eb p\u00ebrdorin gjithashtu nj\u00eb makin\u00eb virtuale me Linux.<\/li>\n<li>ns-3 nuk \u00ebsht\u00eb nj\u00eb produkt q\u00eb mb\u00ebshtetet zyrtarisht nga ndonj\u00eb kompani. Mb\u00ebshtetja p\u00ebr ns-3 ofrohet me maksimumin e mundsh\u00ebm n\u00eb \u0444\u043e\u0440\u0443\u043cin e p\u00ebrdoruesve t\u00eb ns-3 (ns-3-users@googlegroups.com).<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><\/p>\n<h3 id=\"12-dlya-polzovateley-ns-2\">1.2 P\u00ebr p\u00ebrdoruesit e ns-2<\/h3>\n<p><\/p>\n<p>P\u00ebr ata q\u00eb jan\u00eb t\u00eb njohur me ns-2 (nj\u00eb mjet popullor q\u00eb parapriu ns-3), ndryshimi m\u00eb i duksh\u00ebm kur kaloni n\u00eb ns-3 \u00ebsht\u00eb ndryshimi i gjuh\u00ebs s\u00eb skenar\u00ebve. Programet n\u00eb ns-2 jan\u00eb shkruar n\u00eb OTcl, dhe rezultatet e simulimeve mund t\u00eb vizualizohen duke p\u00ebrdorur animatorin e rrjeteve nam. N\u00eb ns-2, nuk \u00ebsht\u00eb e mundur t\u00eb lansoni nj\u00eb simulim vet\u00ebm nga C++ (do t\u00eb thot\u00eb si program main() pa asnj\u00eb OTcl). P\u00ebr m\u00eb tep\u00ebr, disa komponent\u00eb t\u00eb ns-2 jan\u00eb shkruar n\u00eb C++, dhe t\u00eb tjer\u00eb n\u00eb OTcl. N\u00eb ns-3, simulatori \u00ebsht\u00eb shkruar t\u00ebr\u00ebsisht n\u00eb C++ me lidhje opsionale n\u00eb Python. Prandaj, skenar\u00ebt e simulimit mund t\u00eb shkruhen si n\u00eb C++, ashtu edhe n\u00eb Python. Animator\u00ebt dhe vizualizuesit e rinj jan\u00eb n\u00eb dispozicion dhe vazhdojn\u00eb t\u00eb zhvillohen. N\u00eb k\u00ebt\u00eb udh\u00ebzues, fillimisht do t\u00eb p\u00ebrqendrohemi n\u00eb skenar\u00ebt e realizuar n\u00eb C++ dhe interpretimin e rezultateve p\u00ebrmes analiz\u00ebs s\u00eb skedar\u00ebve t\u00eb gjurmimit.<\/p>\n<p><\/p>\n<p>Por ka edhe ngjashm\u00ebri (p.sh., t\u00eb dy mjetet jan\u00eb t\u00eb bazuara n\u00eb objekte C++, nj\u00eb pjes\u00eb e kodit t\u00eb ns-2 \u00ebsht\u00eb portuar n\u00eb ns-3). Gjat\u00eb tregimit, do t\u00eb p\u00ebrpiqemi t\u00eb shpjegojm\u00eb diferencat midis ns-2 dhe ns-3.<\/p>\n<p><\/p>\n<p>Nj\u00eb pyetje q\u00eb shpesh d\u00ebgjojm\u00eb \u00ebsht\u00eb: \"A duhet t\u00eb vazhdoj t\u00eb p\u00ebrdor ns-2 apo t\u00eb kaloj n\u00eb ns-3?\" Sipas autorit, n\u00ebse p\u00ebrdoruesi nuk \u00ebsht\u00eb n\u00eb ndonj\u00eb m\u00ebnyr\u00eb i lidhur me ns-2 (n\u00eb baz\u00eb t\u00eb komoditetit dhe njohuris\u00eb s\u00eb tij t\u00eb njohur ose n\u00eb baz\u00eb t\u00eb nj\u00eb modeli t\u00eb caktuar simuluese q\u00eb \u00ebsht\u00eb e disponueshme vet\u00ebm n\u00eb ns-2), ai do t\u00eb jet\u00eb m\u00eb produktiv me ns-3 p\u00ebr arsye t\u00eb m\u00ebposhtme:<\/p>\n<p><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>ns-3 mb\u00ebshtetet aktivisht me nj\u00eb list\u00eb postimesh p\u00ebrdoruesish aktive dhe p\u00ebrgjegj\u00ebse, nd\u00ebrsa ns-2 mb\u00ebshtetet vet\u00ebm leht\u00ebsisht dhe nuk ka par\u00eb ndryshime t\u00eb r\u00ebnd\u00ebsishme n\u00eb deg\u00ebn e saj t\u00eb kodit p\u00ebr m\u00eb shum\u00eb se dhjet\u00eb vjet.<\/li>\n<li>ns-3 ofron funksione q\u00eb nuk jan\u00eb t\u00eb disponueshme n\u00eb ns-2, si\u00e7 \u00ebsht\u00eb nj\u00eb mjedis ekzekutimi p\u00ebr kodin e zbatimit (q\u00eb u lejon p\u00ebrdoruesve t\u00eb ekzekutojn\u00eb kodin e v\u00ebrtet\u00eb t\u00eb implementuar n\u00eb simulator).<\/li>\n<li>ns-3 ofron nj\u00eb nivel m\u00eb t\u00eb ul\u00ebt bazik t\u00eb abstraksionit n\u00eb krahasim me ns-2, q\u00eb i lejon atij t\u00eb p\u00ebrputhet m\u00eb mir\u00eb me m\u00ebnyr\u00ebn si bashk\u00ebveprojn\u00eb sistemet reale. Disa kufizime t\u00eb gjetura n\u00eb ns-2 (p.sh., mb\u00ebshtetje e sakt\u00eb p\u00ebr shum\u00eb lloje nd\u00ebrfaqesh n\u00eb nod) jan\u00eb rregulluar n\u00eb ns-3.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><\/p>\n<p>P\u00ebr shkak t\u00eb historis\u00eb s\u00eb tij t\u00eb gjat\u00eb, ns-2 ka nj\u00eb gam\u00eb m\u00eb t\u00eb gjer\u00eb modul\u00ebsh t\u00eb mb\u00ebshtetur sesa ns-3. Megjithat\u00eb, ns-3 ka modele m\u00eb t\u00eb detajuara n\u00eb disa fusha k\u00ebrkimi t\u00eb njohura (duke p\u00ebrfshir\u00eb modele komplekse LTE dhe WiFi), mb\u00ebshtetje e kodit t\u00eb implementimit lejon nj\u00eb gam\u00eb shum\u00eb t\u00eb gjer\u00eb modelesh me sakt\u00ebsi t\u00eb lart\u00eb. P\u00ebrdoruesit mund t\u00eb habiten kur kuptojn\u00eb se i gjith\u00eb steku rrjetit Linux mund t\u00eb inkorporohet n\u00eb nj\u00eb nod ns-3 duke p\u00ebrdorur korniz\u00ebn e drejtp\u00ebrdrejt\u00eb t\u00eb ekzekutimit t\u00eb kodit (DCE). Modelet nga ns-2 ndonj\u00ebher\u00eb mund t\u00eb portohen n\u00eb ns-3, ve\u00e7an\u00ebrisht n\u00ebse ato jan\u00eb realizuar n\u00eb C++.<\/p>\n<p><\/p>\n<p>N\u00ebse jeni t\u00eb pasigurt, nj\u00eb rekomandim i mir\u00eb do t\u00eb ishte t\u00eb shikoni t\u00eb dy simulator\u00ebt (si dhe simulator\u00eb t\u00eb tjer\u00eb), ve\u00e7an\u00ebrisht modelet q\u00eb jan\u00eb t\u00eb disponueshme p\u00ebr k\u00ebrkimin tuaj, por kini parasysh q\u00eb rezultati juaj mund t\u00eb jet\u00eb m\u00eb i mir\u00eb duke p\u00ebrdorur nj\u00eb mjet q\u00eb aktualisht zhvillohet dhe mb\u00ebshtetet aktivisht (ns-3).<\/p>\n<p><\/p>\n<h3 id=\"13-uchastie-v-proekte\">1.3 Pjes\u00ebmarrja n\u00eb projekt<\/h3>\n<p><\/p>\n<p>ns-3 \u00ebsht\u00eb nj\u00eb simulator shkencor-arsimor p\u00ebr komunitetin k\u00ebrkues. Ai do t\u00eb mb\u00ebshtetet n\u00eb kontributet aktuale t\u00eb komunitetit n\u00eb zhvillimin e modeleve t\u00eb reja, riparimin ose mb\u00ebshtetje ekzistuese dhe ndarjen e rezultateve. Ka nj\u00eb politik\u00eb t\u00eb caktuar q\u00eb shpresojm\u00eb se do t\u00eb inkurajoj\u00eb njer\u00ebzit t\u00eb kontribuojn\u00eb n\u00eb ns-3, si\u00e7 b\u00ebjn\u00eb p\u00ebr ns-2:<\/p>\n<p><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Licencimi me kod t\u00eb hapur n\u00eb baz\u00eb t\u00eb pajtueshm\u00ebris\u00eb me licenc\u00ebn GNU GPLv2.<\/li>\n<li>wiki.<\/li>\n<li>Faqja <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"http:\/\/www.pocoo.org\/\">Kodi i kontribuuesve<\/a><\/noindex>, i ngjash\u00ebm me faqen e njohur p\u00ebr ns-2.<\/li>\n<li>P\u00ebrdorimi i GitLab.com, p\u00ebrfshir\u00eb sistemin e ndjekjes s\u00eb gabimeve:<br \/>\n<noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/www.gitlab.com\/nsnam\">https:\/\/www.gitlab.com\/nsnam<\/a><\/noindex><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><\/p>\n<p>Ne kuptojm\u00eb se n\u00ebse po e lexoni k\u00ebt\u00eb dokument, ndoshta n\u00eb k\u00ebt\u00eb faz\u00eb nuk planifikoni t\u00eb kontribuoni n\u00eb t\u00eb. Por ne duam q\u00eb t\u00eb dini se kontributi p\u00ebrputhet me frym\u00ebn e projektit dhe se do t\u00eb vler\u00ebsojm\u00eb \u00e7do feedback tuajin, madje edhe p\u00ebr p\u00ebrvoj\u00ebn tuaj t\u00eb hershme me ns-3 (p\u00ebr shembull, \"ky seksion i librit nuk ishte i qart\u00eb ...\"), raportimi i dokumentacionit t\u00eb vjet\u00ebruar ose komentet n\u00eb kod e k\u00ebshtu me radh\u00eb... M\u00ebnyra e preferuar p\u00ebr t\u00eb d\u00ebrguar korrigjimet \u00ebsht\u00eb ose t\u00eb b\u00ebni nj\u00eb fork n\u00eb <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/www.gitlab.com\/nsnam\">https:\/\/www.gitlab.com\/nsnam<\/a><\/noindex> me korrigjimet tuaja dhe t\u00eb krijoni nj\u00eb k\u00ebrkes\u00eb p\u00ebr bashkim, ose t\u00eb krijoni nj\u00eb k\u00ebrkes\u00eb n\u00eb ndjek\u00ebsin ton\u00eb dhe t\u00eb shtoni patch.<\/p>\n<p><\/p>\n<h3 id=\"14-organizaciya-rukovodstva\">1.4 Organizimi i udh\u00ebzuesit<\/h3>\n<p><\/p>\n<p>Ky manual supozon se p\u00ebrdoruesit e rinj mund t\u00eb fillojn\u00eb, p\u00ebr shembull, nga ky rrug\u00eb:<\/p>\n<p><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>T\u00eb p\u00ebrpiqen t\u00eb shkarkojn\u00eb dhe nd\u00ebrttojn\u00eb nj\u00eb kopje;<\/li>\n<li>T\u00eb p\u00ebrpiqen t\u00eb ekzekutojn\u00eb disa shembuj programesh;<\/li>\n<li>T\u00eb shikojn\u00eb rezultatin e simulimit dhe t\u00eb p\u00ebrpiqen ta rregullojn\u00eb at\u00eb.<br \/>\nN\u00eb fund, ne u p\u00ebrpoq\u00ebm t\u00eb organizonim p\u00ebrshkrimin sipas k\u00ebtyre hapave.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><\/p>\n<h2 id=\"glava-2\">Kreu 2<\/h2>\n<p><\/p>\n<h2 id=\"istochniki-informacii\">Burimet e informacionit<\/h2>\n<p><\/p>\n<h3 id=\"21-set\">2.1 Rrjeti<\/h3>\n<p><\/p>\n<p>Ka disa burime t\u00eb r\u00ebnd\u00ebsishme q\u00eb \u00e7do p\u00ebrdorues i ns-3 duhet t\u00eb dij\u00eb. Web-faqja kryesore ndodhet n\u00eb adres\u00ebn: <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/www.nsnam.org\">https:\/\/www.nsnam.org<\/a><\/noindex><br \/>\ndhe ofron qasje n\u00eb informacionin baz\u00eb mbi sistemin ns-3. Dokumentacioni i detajuar \u00ebsht\u00eb n\u00eb dispozicion n\u00ebp\u00ebrmjet web-faqes kryesore n\u00eb adres\u00ebn: <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/www.nsnam.org\/documentation\/\">https:\/\/www.nsnam.org\/documentation\/<\/a><\/noindex>.<\/p>\n<p><\/p>\n<p>N\u00eb k\u00ebt\u00eb web-faqe do t\u00eb gjeni gjithashtu dokumente q\u00eb lidhen me arkitektur\u00ebn e sistemit.<\/p>\n<p><\/p>\n<p>Ekziston nj\u00eb faqe wiki q\u00eb plot\u00ebson web-faqen kryesore t\u00eb ns-3, e cila mund t\u00eb gjendet n\u00eb adres\u00ebn: <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/www.nsnam.org\/wiki\/\">https:\/\/www.nsnam.org\/wiki\/<\/a><\/noindex>.<\/p>\n<p><\/p>\n<p>Aty do t\u00eb gjeni p\u00ebrgjigje p\u00ebr pyetjet e shpeshta p\u00ebr p\u00ebrdoruesit dhe zhvilluesit, si dhe udh\u00ebzime p\u00ebr zgjidhjen e problemeve, kod t\u00eb jasht\u00ebm, dokumente etj.<br \/>\nKodi burim mund t\u00eb gjendet dhe shikohet n\u00eb GitLab.com:<br \/>\n<noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/gitlab.com\/nsnam\/\">https:\/\/gitlab.com\/nsnam\/<\/a><\/noindex>.<\/p>\n<p><\/p>\n<p>Atje ndodhet gjithashtu repozitori i em\u00ebrtuar <em>ns-3-dev<\/em> ku \u00ebsht\u00eb struktura aktuale e zhvillimit. Versionet e kaluara dhe repozitor\u00ebt eksperimental\u00eb t\u00eb zhvilluesve t\u00eb b\u00ebrtham\u00ebs gjithashtu mund t\u00eb gjenden n\u00ebn Mercurial n\u00eb web-faqen e vjet\u00ebr t\u00eb projektit n\u00eb adres\u00ebn:<br \/>\n<noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"http:\/\/code.nsnam.org\">http:\/\/code.nsnam.org<\/a><\/noindex>.<\/p>\n<p><\/p>\n<h3 id=\"22-git\">2.2 Git<\/h3>\n<p><\/p>\n<p>Sistemet programore komplekse kan\u00eb nevoj\u00eb p\u00ebr nj\u00eb m\u00ebnyr\u00eb p\u00ebr t\u00eb menaxhuar organizimin dhe ndryshimet n\u00eb kodin dhe dokumentacionin baz\u00eb. Ekzistojn\u00eb shum\u00eb m\u00ebnyra p\u00ebr ta arritur k\u00ebt\u00eb, dhe ndoshta keni d\u00ebgjuar p\u00ebr disa nga sistemet q\u00eb zakonisht p\u00ebrdoren p\u00ebr k\u00ebt\u00eb q\u00ebllim. Deri koh\u00ebt e fundit, projekti ns-3 p\u00ebrdorte Mercurial si sistemin e menaxhimit t\u00eb kodit burim, por n\u00eb dhjetor 2018, ne kaluam n\u00eb p\u00ebrdorimin e Git. Megjith\u00ebse p\u00ebr t\u00eb lexuar k\u00ebt\u00eb udh\u00ebzim nuk keni nevoj\u00eb t\u00eb dini shum\u00eb rreth Git, ne rekomandojm\u00eb q\u00eb t\u00eb njiheni me t\u00eb dhe ta p\u00ebrdorni p\u00ebr t\u00eb aksesuar kodin burim. GitLab.com ofron burime p\u00ebr t\u00eb zot\u00ebruar aft\u00ebsit\u00eb baz\u00eb n\u00eb adres\u00ebn: <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/git-scm.com\/book\/ru\/v2\">https:\/\/git-scm.com\/book\/ru\/v2<\/a><\/noindex>.<\/p>\n<p><\/p>\n<h3 id=\"23-waf\">2.3 WAF<\/h3>\n<p><\/p>\n<p>Pasi t\u00eb keni shkarkuar kodin burim n\u00eb kompjuterin tuaj, p\u00ebr t\u00eb marr\u00eb programin gati p\u00ebr pun\u00eb, do t'ju duhet ta kompiloni at\u00eb. Ashtu si n\u00eb rastin e menaxhimit t\u00eb kodit burim, p\u00ebr t\u00eb kryer k\u00ebt\u00eb funksion jan\u00eb n\u00eb dispozicion shum\u00eb mjete. Nd\u00ebr mjetet m\u00eb t\u00eb njohura \u00ebsht\u00eb make. Nd\u00ebrsa ky mjet \u00ebsht\u00eb m\u00eb i njohuri, duhet t\u00eb theksohet q\u00eb ai \u00ebsht\u00eb m\u00eb i komplikuar n\u00eb p\u00ebrdorim n\u00eb nj\u00eb sistem shum\u00eb t\u00eb madh dhe fleksib\u00ebl. Kjo ka \u00e7uar n\u00eb zhvillimin e shum\u00eb alternativave. Koh\u00ebt e fundit, jan\u00eb zhvilluar sisteme t\u00eb tilla duke p\u00ebrdorur gjuh\u00ebn Python.<\/p>\n<p><\/p>\n<p>N\u00eb projektin ns-3 p\u00ebrdoret sistemi i nd\u00ebrtimit Waf. \u00cbsht\u00eb nj\u00eb nga gjeneratat e reja t\u00eb sistemeve t\u00eb nd\u00ebrtimit t\u00eb bazuara n\u00eb Python. P\u00ebr t\u00eb nd\u00ebrtuar sistemin ekzistues ns-3, nuk do t'ju nevojitet t\u00eb dini Python.<\/p>\n<p><\/p>\n<p>P\u00ebr ata q\u00eb jan\u00eb t\u00eb interesuar n\u00eb detajet e p\u00ebrdorimit t\u00eb Waf, ka nj\u00eb lib\u00ebr n\u00eb dispozicion n\u00eb adres\u00ebn:<br \/>\n<noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/waf.io\/book\/\">https:\/\/waf.io\/book\/<\/a><\/noindex><br \/>\ndhe kodi aktual:<br \/>\n<noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/gitlab.com\/ita1024\/waf\/\">https:\/\/gitlab.com\/ita1024\/waf\/<\/a><\/noindex>.<\/p>\n<p><\/p>\n<h3 id=\"24-sreda-razrabotki\">2.4 Mjedisi i zhvillimit<\/h3>\n<p><\/p>\n<p>Si\u00e7 u p\u00ebrmend m\u00eb lart, skenar\u00ebt n\u00eb ns-3 ekzekutohen n\u00eb C++ ose Python. Shumica e API-ve t\u00eb ns-3 jan\u00eb t\u00eb b\u00ebra n\u00eb Python, por modelet p\u00ebr \u00e7do rast jan\u00eb shkruar n\u00eb C++. Ky udh\u00ebzues supozon q\u00eb ju jeni t\u00eb njohur me programimin orientuar n\u00eb objekte n\u00eb C++. N\u00eb vazhdim t\u00eb p\u00ebrshkrimit, ne do t'i kushtojm\u00eb pak koh\u00eb p\u00ebr t\u00eb shqyrtuar konceptet m\u00eb t\u00eb avancuara dhe ndoshta karakteristikat e panjohura t\u00eb gjuh\u00ebs si idiomat dhe modelet e dizajnit. Ne nuk d\u00ebshirojm\u00eb q\u00eb ky udh\u00ebzues t\u00eb shnd\u00ebrrohet n\u00eb nj\u00eb tekst m\u00ebsimor p\u00ebr C++, prandaj ne presim njohuri baz\u00eb mbi gjuh\u00ebn. Ekzistojn\u00eb shum\u00eb burime informacioni mbi C++ t\u00eb disponueshme n\u00eb internet ose n\u00eb versionin print.<\/p>\n<p><\/p>\n<p>N\u00ebse jeni t\u00eb rinj n\u00eb C++, at\u00ebher\u00eb para se t\u00eb vazhdoni, m\u00ebsoni bazat e gjuh\u00ebs duke p\u00ebrdorur nj\u00eb lib\u00ebr ose nj\u00eb web-faqe t\u00eb dedikuar p\u00ebr m\u00ebsimin ose receta t\u00eb gatshme. P\u00ebr shembull, nj\u00eb e till\u00eb: <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/github.com\/ashtanyuk\/CPP-2018\">https:\/\/github.com\/ashtanyuk\/CPP-2018<\/a><\/noindex>.<\/p>\n<p><\/p>\n<p>N\u00eb Linux, sistemi ns-3 p\u00ebrdor disa komponent\u00eb nga veglat e projektit GNU. Veglat jan\u00eb nj\u00eb grup mjetesh programimi t\u00eb disponueshme n\u00eb k\u00ebt\u00eb mjedis softuerik. P\u00ebr nj\u00eb pasqyr\u00eb t\u00eb shpejt\u00eb t\u00eb asaj q\u00eb p\u00ebrfshihet n\u00eb mjetet GNU shih. <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"http:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/GNU_toolchain\">http:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/GNU_toolchain<\/a><\/noindex>.<\/p>\n<p><\/p>\n<p>Simuluesi ns-3 p\u00ebrdor gcc, GNU binutils dhe gdb. N\u00eb t\u00eb nj\u00ebjt\u00ebn koh\u00eb, ne nuk p\u00ebrdorim p\u00ebr nd\u00ebrtimin e projektit as make, as autotools nga mjetet GNU. P\u00ebr k\u00ebto funksione ne p\u00ebrdorim Waf.<\/p>\n<p><\/p>\n<p>N\u00eb macOS p\u00ebrdoret nj\u00eb grup mjetesh t\u00eb Xcode. P\u00ebrdoruesve t\u00eb ns-3 n\u00eb Mac u rekomandohet t\u00eb instalojn\u00eb Xcode dhe paketat e mjeteve t\u00eb komand\u00ebs nga Apple App Store, dhe gjithashtu, p\u00ebr informacion t\u00eb m\u00ebtejsh\u00ebm, vizitoni faqen wiki p\u00ebr instalimin e ns-3: (<noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/www.nsnam.org\/wiki\/Installation\">https:\/\/www.nsnam.org\/wiki\/Installation<\/a><\/noindex>).<\/p>\n<p><\/p>\n<p>Zakonisht, autori i ns-3 punon n\u00eb nj\u00eb mjedis Linux ose Unix t\u00eb ngjash\u00ebm. P\u00ebr ata q\u00eb punojn\u00eb n\u00eb Windows, ekzistojn\u00eb mjedise q\u00eb imitojn\u00eb n\u00eb m\u00ebnyr\u00eb t\u00eb ndryshme ambientin Linux. P\u00ebr k\u00ebta p\u00ebrdorues, projekti ns-3 n\u00eb t\u00eb kaluar\u00ebn (por jo aktualisht) mb\u00ebshteti zhvillimin n\u00eb mjedisin Cygwin. P\u00ebr detaje rreth shkarkimit dhe informacionit t\u00eb m\u00ebtejsh\u00ebm mbi Cygwin dhe ns-3, vizitoni faqen wiki t\u00eb ns-3:<br \/>\n<noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"http:\/\/www.cygwin.com\/\">http:\/\/www.cygwin.com\/<\/a><\/noindex>.<\/p>\n<p><\/p>\n<p>MinGW aktualisht nuk mb\u00ebshtetet zyrtarisht. Nj\u00eb alternativ\u00eb tjet\u00ebr p\u00ebr Cygwin \u00ebsht\u00eb instalimi i nj\u00eb mjedisi virtual, si VMware server, ku mund t\u00eb instaloni Linux.<\/p>\n<p><\/p>\n<h3 id=\"25-programmirovanie-soketov\">2.5 Programimi i soket\u00ebve<\/h3>\n<p><\/p>\n<p>N\u00eb shembujt q\u00eb do t\u00eb p\u00ebrdorim n\u00eb k\u00ebt\u00eb udh\u00ebzues, do t\u00eb p\u00ebrdorim funksionalitetet baz\u00eb t\u00eb API-s\u00eb s\u00eb soketeve Berkeley (Berkeley Sockets). N\u00ebse jeni fillestar me soketet, rekomandojm\u00eb t\u00eb shihni API-n\u00eb dhe disa raste t\u00eb zakonshme t\u00eb p\u00ebrdorimit t\u00eb tyre. Si nj\u00eb p\u00ebrmbledhje e mir\u00eb e programimit t\u00eb soketeve TCP\/IP, rekomandojm\u00eb: \"TCP\/IP Sockets in C\", Donahoo dhe Calvert.<\/p>\n<p><\/p>\n<p>Ekziston nj\u00eb faqe web e lidhur q\u00eb p\u00ebrmban burimin e shembujve n\u00eb lib\u00ebr, e cila mund t\u00eb gjendet n\u00eb:<br \/>\n<noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"http:\/\/cs.baylor.edu\/~donahoo\/practical\/CSockets\/\">http:\/\/cs.baylor.edu\/~donahoo\/practical\/CSockets\/<\/a><\/noindex>.<\/p>\n<p><\/p>\n<p>N\u00ebse kuptoni kat\u00ebr kapitujt e par\u00eb t\u00eb librit (ose p\u00ebr ata q\u00eb nuk kan\u00eb qasje n\u00eb nj\u00eb kopje t\u00eb librit, klient\u00ebt dhe server\u00ebt echo q\u00eb jan\u00eb treguar n\u00eb faqe n\u00eb lidhje me lart, do t\u00eb mjaftojn\u00eb p\u00ebr t\u00eb kuptuar udh\u00ebzimin. Ekziston nj\u00eb lib\u00ebr i ngjash\u00ebm<br \/>\n\"Multicast Sockets, Multicast Sockets\", Makofske dhe Almeroth.<\/p>\n<p><\/p>\n<p>Ai mbulon materialin q\u00eb mund t\u2019ju nevojitet n\u00ebse d\u00ebshironi t\u00eb studioni n\u00eb distribucionin e shembujve t\u00eb shum\u00ebadresimit.<\/p>\n<p><\/p>\n<p>Vazhdimi: <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/habr.com\/ru\/post\/497318\/\">kapitulli 3<\/a><\/noindex><\/p>\n<p>Burimi: <a content=\"nofollow\" rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/habr.com\/ru\/post\/497106\/\">habr.com<\/a> <\/p>","protected":false,"gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"html"}]},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u0414\u0430\u043d\u043d\u0430\u044f \u0441\u0442\u0430\u0442\u044c\u044f \u043e\u0442\u043a\u0440\u044b\u0432\u0430\u0435\u0442 \u0441\u0435\u0440\u0438\u044e \u043f\u0443\u0431\u043b\u0438\u043a\u0430\u0446\u0438\u0439 \u0441 \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0432\u043e\u0434\u043e\u043c \u0443\u0447\u0435\u0431\u043d\u0438\u043a\u0430 &quot;ns-3 Tutorial Release ns-3.29&quot; \u043f\u043e \u0441\u0438\u043c\u0443\u043b\u044f\u0442\u043e\u0440\u0443 \u0441\u0435\u0442\u0435\u0439 ns-3. \u042d\u0442\u043e\u0442 \u0434\u043e\u043a\u0443\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0442 \u044f\u0432\u043b\u044f\u0435\u0442\u0441\u044f \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0432\u043e\u0434\u043e\u043c \u043e\u0440\u0438\u0433\u0438\u043d\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0434\u043e\u043a\u0443\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0442\u0430 \u043d\u0430 \u0430\u043d\u0433\u043b\u0438\u0439\u0441\u043a\u043e\u043c, \u043a\u043e\u0442\u043e\u0440\u044b\u0439 \u043d\u0430\u043f\u0438\u0441\u0430\u043d \u0432 reStructuredText \u0434\u043b\u044f Sphinx \u0438 \u0445\u0440\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0442\u0441\u044f \u0432 \u0434\u0438\u0440\u0435\u043a\u0442\u043e\u0440\u0438\u0438 doc\/tutorial \u0438\u0441\u0445\u043e\u0434\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u043a\u043e\u0434\u0430 ns-3. 1 \u041f\u0440\u0435\u0434\u0438\u0441\u043b\u043e\u0432\u0438\u0435 1.1 \u041e ns-3 1.2 \u0414\u043b\u044f \u043f\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0437\u043e\u0432\u0430\u0442\u0435\u043b\u0435\u0439 ns-2 1.3 \u0423\u0447\u0430\u0441\u0442\u0438\u0435 \u0432 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0435\u043a\u0442\u0435 1.4 \u041e\u0440\u0433\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0437\u0430\u0446\u0438\u044f \u0440\u0443\u043a\u043e\u0432\u043e\u0434\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0430 2 [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false,"gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"html"}]},"author":1,"featured_media":86560,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[688],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-86559","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-administrirovanie"],"aioseo_notices":[],"aioseo_head":"\n\t\t<!-- All in One SEO 5.0.0.1 - aioseo.com -->\n\t<meta name=\"description\" content=\"\u0414\u0430\u043d\u043d\u0430\u044f \u0441\u0442\u0430\u0442\u044c\u044f \u043e\u0442\u043a\u0440\u044b\u0432\u0430\u0435\u0442 \u0441\u0435\u0440\u0438\u044e \u043f\u0443\u0431\u043b\u0438\u043a\u0430\u0446\u0438\u0439 \u0441 \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0432\u043e\u0434\u043e\u043c \u0443\u0447\u0435\u0431\u043d\u0438\u043a\u0430 &quot;ns-3 Tutorial Release.\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"max-image-preview:large\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"author\" content=\"Yuri Gagarin\"\/>\n\t<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/sq\/blog\/administrirovanie\/uchebnik-po-simulyatoru-seti-ns-3-glavy-12\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"generator\" content=\"All in One SEO (AIOSEO) 5.0.0.1\" \/>\n\t\t<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"sq_AL\" \/>\n\t\t<meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"ProHoster | \u041a\u0443\u043f\u0438\u0442\u044c \u043d\u0430\u0434\u0435\u0436\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u0445\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0438\u043d\u0433 \u0434\u043b\u044f \u0441\u0430\u0439\u0442\u043e\u0432 \u0441 \u0437\u0430\u0449\u0438\u0442\u043e\u0439 \u043e\u0442 DDoS, VPS VDS \u0441\u0435\u0440\u0432\u0435\u0440\u044b\" \/>\n\t\t<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n\t\t<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"\ud83e\udd47\u0423\u0447\u0435\u0431\u043d\u0438\u043a \u043f\u043e \u0441\u0438\u043c\u0443\u043b\u044f\u0442\u043e\u0440\u0443 \u0441\u0435\u0442\u0438 ns-3. \u0413\u043b\u0430\u0432\u044b 1,2 | ProHoster\" \/>\n\t\t<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"\u0414\u0430\u043d\u043d\u0430\u044f \u0441\u0442\u0430\u0442\u044c\u044f \u043e\u0442\u043a\u0440\u044b\u0432\u0430\u0435\u0442 \u0441\u0435\u0440\u0438\u044e \u043f\u0443\u0431\u043b\u0438\u043a\u0430\u0446\u0438\u0439 \u0441 \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0432\u043e\u0434\u043e\u043c \u0443\u0447\u0435\u0431\u043d\u0438\u043a\u0430 &quot;ns-3 Tutorial Release.\" \/>\n\t\t<meta property=\"og:url\" content=\"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/sq\/blog\/administrirovanie\/uchebnik-po-simulyatoru-seti-ns-3-glavy-12\" \/>\n\t\t<meta property=\"og:image\" content=\"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/11\/logo-350.jpg\" \/>\n\t\t<meta property=\"og:image:secure_url\" content=\"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/11\/logo-350.jpg\" \/>\n\t\t<meta property=\"og:image:width\" content=\"350\" \/>\n\t\t<meta property=\"og:image:height\" content=\"350\" \/>\n\t\t<meta property=\"article:published_time\" content=\"2020-06-26T17:42:13+00:00\" \/>\n\t\t<meta property=\"article:modified_time\" content=\"2020-06-26T17:42:13+00:00\" \/>\n\t\t<meta property=\"article:publisher\" content=\"https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/prohoster\" \/>\n\t\t<meta property=\"article:author\" content=\"https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/prohoster\" \/>\n\t\t<!-- All in One SEO -->\n\n","aioseo_head_json":{"title":"\ud83e\udd47Udh\u00ebzues p\u00ebr simulatorin e rrjetit ns-3. 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