{"id":86701,"date":"2020-06-28T19:42:14","date_gmt":"2020-06-28T17:42:14","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/blog\/administrirovanie\/uluchshenie-parametrov-bezopasnosti-ssl-soedineniya-v-zimbra-collaboration-suite-open-source-edition"},"modified":"2020-06-28T19:42:14","modified_gmt":"2020-06-28T17:42:14","slug":"uluchshenie-parametrov-bezopasnosti-ssl-soedineniya-v-zimbra-collaboration-suite-open-source-edition","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/sq\/blog\/administrirovanie\/uluchshenie-parametrov-bezopasnosti-ssl-soedineniya-v-zimbra-collaboration-suite-open-source-edition","title":{"rendered":"P\u00ebrmir\u00ebsimi i parametrave t\u00eb siguris\u00eb s\u00eb lidhjes SSL n\u00eb Zimbra Collaboration Suite Open-Source Edition","gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"text"}]},"content":{"rendered":"<p>Besimi i enkriptimit \u00ebsht\u00eb nj\u00eb nga treguesit m\u00eb t\u00eb r\u00ebnd\u00ebsish\u00ebm kur p\u00ebrdoren sistemet e informacionit p\u00ebr biznesin, pasi ato marrin pjes\u00eb \u00e7do dit\u00eb n\u00eb transferimin e nj\u00eb sasi t\u00eb madhe informacioni konfidencial. Nj\u00eb mjet i pranuar p\u00ebr vler\u00ebsimin e cil\u00ebsis\u00eb s\u00eb lidhjes SSL \u00ebsht\u00eb testi i pavarur nga Qualys SSL Labs. Duke qen\u00eb se ky test mund t\u00eb ekzekutohet nga kushdo, \u00ebsht\u00eb ve\u00e7an\u00ebrisht e r\u00ebnd\u00ebsishme p\u00ebr ofruesit e SaaS q\u00eb vler\u00ebsimi n\u00eb k\u00ebt\u00eb test t\u00eb jet\u00eb maksimal. Cil\u00ebsin\u00eb e lidhjes SSL e shqet\u00ebsojn\u00eb jo vet\u00ebm ofruesit e SaaS, por edhe bizneset e zakonshme. P\u00ebr ta, ky test \u00ebsht\u00eb nj\u00eb mund\u00ebsi e shk\u00eblqyer p\u00ebr t\u00eb identifikuar vendet potencialisht t\u00eb dob\u00ebta dhe p\u00ebr t\u00eb mbyllur me koh\u00eb t\u00eb gjitha shteg\u00ebt p\u00ebr kriminel\u00ebt kibernetik\u00eb.<\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" alt=\"P\u00ebrmir\u00ebsimi i parametrave t\u00eb siguris\u00eb s\u00eb lidhjes SSL n\u00eb Zimbra Collaboration Suite Open-Source Edition\" src=\"\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/06\/d6303075bad0b206deb6a75d812aefd8.png\" style=\"display:block;margin: 0 auto;\" \/><noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" name=\"habracut\"><\/a><\/noindex><br \/>\nN\u00eb Zimbra OSE jan\u00eb t\u00eb lejuar dy lloje <a class=\"wpil_keyword_link\" href=\"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/sq\/ssl-sertifikat\/\"   title=\"certifikatat SSL\" data-wpil-keyword-link=\"linked\"  data-wpil-monitor-id=\"344\">certifikatat SSL<\/a>. Lloji i par\u00eb \u00ebsht\u00eb certifikata vet\u00eb-n\u00ebnshkruar, e cila shtohet automatikisht gjat\u00eb instalimit. Kjo certificat \u00ebsht\u00eb falas dhe nuk ka kufizime n\u00eb p\u00ebrdorim, duke u b\u00ebr\u00eb k\u00ebshtu ideale p\u00ebr testimin e Zimbra OSE ose p\u00ebr p\u00ebrdorimin e saj ekskluziv n\u00eb brend\u00ebsi t\u00eb rrjetit t\u00eb brendsh\u00ebm. Megjithat\u00eb, kur hyjn\u00eb n\u00eb klientin e web-it, p\u00ebrdoruesit do t\u00eb shohin nj\u00eb paralajm\u00ebrim nga shfletuesi, se kjo certificat nuk \u00ebsht\u00eb e besueshme, dhe testi nga Qualys SSL Labs do t\u00eb d\u00ebshtoj\u00eb qartazi p\u00ebr serverin tuaj.<\/p>\n<p>Lloji i dyt\u00eb \u00ebsht\u00eb certifikata komerciale SSL, e n\u00ebnshkruar nga nj\u00eb autoritet certifikimi. K\u00ebto certifikata priten pa asnj\u00eb problem nga shfletuesit dhe zakonisht p\u00ebrdoren gjat\u00eb eksploatimit komercial t\u00eb Zimbra OSE. Menj\u00ebher\u00eb pas nj\u00eb instalimi t\u00eb sakt\u00eb t\u00eb certifikat\u00ebs komerciale, Zimbra OSE 8.8.15 tregon nj\u00eb vler\u00ebsim A n\u00eb testin nga Qualys SSL Labs. Kjo \u00ebsht\u00eb nj\u00eb rezultat i shk\u00eblqyer, por q\u00ebllimi yn\u00eb \u00ebsht\u00eb t\u00eb arrijm\u00eb nj\u00eb rezultat A+.<\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" alt=\"P\u00ebrmir\u00ebsimi i parametrave t\u00eb siguris\u00eb s\u00eb lidhjes SSL n\u00eb Zimbra Collaboration Suite Open-Source Edition\" src=\"\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/06\/d8788ca0b826e1b7c63e0a487745484b.png\" style=\"display:block;margin: 0 auto;\" \/><br \/>\n<br \/>\n<img decoding=\"async\" alt=\"P\u00ebrmir\u00ebsimi i parametrave t\u00eb siguris\u00eb s\u00eb lidhjes SSL n\u00eb Zimbra Collaboration Suite Open-Source Edition\" src=\"\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/06\/f9c8e0435491a5ab5abe2500978ac7f9.png\" style=\"display:block;margin: 0 auto;\" \/><br \/>\n<br \/>\nP\u00ebr t\u00eb arritur vler\u00ebsimin maksimal n\u00eb testin nga Qualys SSL Labs gjat\u00eb p\u00ebrdorimit t\u00eb Zimbra Collaboration Suite Open-Source Edition, \u00ebsht\u00eb e nevojshme t\u00eb ndiqen disa hapa:<\/p>\n<p><b>1. Rritja e parametrave t\u00eb protokollit Diffie-Hellman<\/b><\/p>\n<p>Sipas parazgjedhjes, t\u00eb gjitha komponentet e Zimbra OSE 8.8.15, q\u00eb p\u00ebrdorin OpenSSL, kan\u00eb vler\u00ebn e parametrave t\u00eb protokollit Diffie-Hellman prej 2048 bit. N\u00eb parim, kjo \u00ebsht\u00eb m\u00eb shum\u00eb se e mjaftueshme p\u00ebr t\u00eb marr\u00eb nj\u00eb vler\u00ebsim A+ n\u00eb testin nga Qualys SSL Labs. Megjithat\u00eb, n\u00eb rast se po p\u00ebrdit\u00ebsoni nga versionet m\u00eb t\u00eb vjetra, vlera e parametrave mund t\u00eb jet\u00eb m\u00eb e ul\u00ebt. Prandaj, rekomandohet q\u00eb pas p\u00ebrfundimit t\u00eb p\u00ebrdit\u00ebsimit t\u00eb ekzekutoni komand\u00ebn zmdhparam set -new 2048, e cila do t\u00eb rris\u00eb parametrat e protokollit Diffie-Hellman n\u00eb 2048 bit t\u00eb pranuesh\u00ebm, dhe sipas d\u00ebshir\u00ebs, me k\u00ebt\u00eb komand\u00eb mund t\u00eb rritni gjithashtu vler\u00ebn e parametrave n\u00eb 3072 ose 4096 bit, q\u00eb nga nj\u00ebra an\u00eb do t\u00eb rris\u00eb koh\u00ebn e gjenerimit, megjithat\u00eb nga ana tjet\u00ebr do t\u00eb ket\u00eb nj\u00eb ndikim pozitiv n\u00eb nivelin e siguris\u00eb s\u00eb serverit t\u00eb post\u00ebs elektronike.<\/p>\n<p><b>2. Aktivizimi i list\u00ebs s\u00eb rekomanduar t\u00eb cifrave t\u00eb p\u00ebrdorura<\/b><\/p>\n<p>Sipas parazgjedhjes, Zimbra Collaboration Suite Open-Source Edition mb\u00ebshtet nj\u00eb gam\u00eb t\u00eb gjer\u00eb cifrash t\u00eb forta dhe t\u00eb dob\u00ebta, me an\u00eb t\u00eb t\u00eb cilave kriptohen t\u00eb dh\u00ebnat q\u00eb kalojn\u00eb p\u00ebrmes nj\u00eb lidhjeje t\u00eb sigurt. Megjithat\u00eb, p\u00ebrdorimi i cifrave t\u00eb dob\u00ebta \u00ebsht\u00eb nj\u00eb disavantazh serioz gjat\u00eb kontrollit t\u00eb siguris\u00eb s\u00eb lidhjes SSL. P\u00ebr ta shmangur k\u00ebt\u00eb, \u00ebsht\u00eb e nevojshme t\u00eb konfigurohet lista e cifrave t\u00eb p\u00ebrdorura.<\/p>\n<p>P\u00ebr k\u00ebt\u00eb duhet t\u00eb p\u00ebrdorni komand\u00ebn <code>zmprov mcf zimbraReverseProxySSLCiphers 'ECDHE-RSA-AES128-GCM-SHA256:ECDHE-ECDSA-AES128-GCM-SHA256:ECDHE-RSA-AES256-GCM-SHA384:ECDHE-ECDSA-AES256-GCM-SHA384:DHE-RSA-AES128-GCM-SHA256:DHE-DSS-AES128-GCM-SHA256:kEDH+AESGCM:ECDHE-RSA-AES128-SHA256:ECDHE-ECDSA-AES128-SHA256:ECDHE-RSA-AES128-SHA:ECDHE-ECDSA-AES128-SHA:ECDHE-RSA-AES256-SHA384:ECDHE-ECDSA-AES256-SHA384:ECDHE-RSA-AES256-SHA:ECDHE-ECDSA-AES256-SHA:DHE-RSA-AES128-SHA256:DHE-RSA-AES128-SHA:DHE-DSS-AES128-SHA256:DHE-RSA-AES256-SHA256:DHE-DSS-AES256-SHA:DHE-RSA-AES256-SHA:AES128-GCM-SHA256:AES256-GCM-SHA384:AES128:AES256:HIGH:!aNULL:!eNULL:!EXPORT:!DES:!MD5:!PSK:!RC4'<\/code><\/p>\n<p>N\u00eb k\u00ebt\u00eb komand\u00eb menj\u00ebher\u00eb \u00ebsht\u00eb e p\u00ebrfshir\u00eb grupe e rekomanduar e cifrave dhe n\u00ebp\u00ebrmjet saj mund t\u00eb p\u00ebrfshihen menj\u00ebher\u00eb n\u00eb list\u00eb cifrat e besueshme dhe t\u00eb p\u00ebrjashtohen ato t\u00eb pa besueshme. Tani mbetet vet\u00ebm t\u00eb rinisni nyjat me proksin\u00eb e kund\u00ebrt me komand\u00ebn zmproxyctl restart. Pas rinisjes, ndryshimet e b\u00ebr\u00eb do t\u00eb hyjn\u00eb n\u00eb fuqi.<\/p>\n<p>N\u00eb rast se kjo list\u00eb p\u00ebr ndonj\u00eb arsye nuk ju k\u00ebnaq, mund t\u00eb hiqni disa cifra t\u00eb dob\u00ebta nga ajo duke p\u00ebrdorur komand\u00ebn <code>zmprov mcf +zimbraSSLExcludeCipherSuites<\/code>. P\u00ebr shembull, komanda <code>zmprov mcf +zimbraSSLExcludeCipherSuites TLS_RSA_WITH_RC4_128_MD5 +zimbraSSLExcludeCipherSuites TLS_RSA_WITH_RC4_128_SHA +zimbraSSLExcludeCipherSuites SSL_RSA_WITH_RC4_128_MD5 +zimbraSSLExcludeCipherSuites SSL_RSA_WITH_RC4_128_SHA +zimbraSSLExcludeCipherSuites TLS_ECDHE_RSA_WITH_RC4_128_SHA<\/code>, q\u00eb do t\u00eb p\u00ebrjashtoj\u00eb plot\u00ebsisht p\u00ebrdorimin e enkriptimeve RC4. Po ashtu mund t\u00eb veproni me enkriptimet AES dhe 3DES.<\/p>\n<p><b>3. Aktivizimi i HSTS<\/b><\/p>\n<p>Mekanizmat e aktivizimit t\u00eb detyruar t\u00eb enkriptimit t\u00eb lidhjes dhe rikthimit t\u00eb seanc\u00ebs TLS jan\u00eb gjithashtu kushte t\u00eb domosdoshme p\u00ebr t\u00eb marr\u00eb pik\u00ebt m\u00eb t\u00eb larta n\u00eb testin nga Qualys SSL Labs. P\u00ebr t'i aktivizuar ato, duhet t\u00eb jepni komand\u00ebn <code>zmprov mcf +zimbraResponseHeader \"Strict-Transport-Security: max-age=31536000\"<\/code>. Kjo komand\u00eb do t\u00eb shtoj\u00eb header-in e nevojsh\u00ebm n\u00eb konfigurim, dhe p\u00ebr t\u00eb hyr\u00eb n\u00eb fuqi t\u00eb reja t\u00eb cilat duhet t\u00eb ri-ngarkoni Zimbra OSE me komand\u00ebn <b>zmcontrol restart<\/b>.<\/p>\n<p>Q\u00eb n\u00eb k\u00ebt\u00eb faz\u00eb, testi nga Qualys SSL Labs do t\u00eb tregoj\u00eb vler\u00ebsim A+, por n\u00ebse d\u00ebshironi ta p\u00ebrmir\u00ebsoni sigurin\u00eb e serverit tuaj, mund t\u00eb nd\u00ebrmerrni edhe disa masa t\u00eb tjera.<\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" alt=\"P\u00ebrmir\u00ebsimi i parametrave t\u00eb siguris\u00eb s\u00eb lidhjes SSL n\u00eb Zimbra Collaboration Suite Open-Source Edition\" src=\"\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/06\/ca77c335df2de2378b991d8a345dc9ae.png\" style=\"display:block;margin: 0 auto;\" \/><br \/>\n<br \/>\nP\u00ebr shembull, mund t\u00eb aktivizoni enkriptimin e detyruar t\u00eb lidhjeve nd\u00ebr-proces, si dhe t\u00eb aktivizoni enkriptimin e detyruar kur lidheni me sh\u00ebrbimet e Zimbra OSE. P\u00ebr t\u00eb kontrolluar lidhjet nd\u00ebr-proces, duhet t\u00eb jepni komandat e m\u00ebposhtme:<\/p>\n<pre><code class=\"plaintext\">zmlocalconfig -e ldap_starttls_supported=1\nzmlocalconfig -e zimbra_require_interprocess_security=1\nzmlocalconfig -e ldap_starttls_required=true<\/code><\/pre>\n<p>\nP\u00ebr t\u00eb aktivizuar enkriptimin e detyruar, duhet t\u00eb jepni:<\/p>\n<pre><code class=\"plaintext\">zmprov gs `zmhostname` zimbraReverseProxyMailMode\nzmprov ms `zmhostname` zimbraReverseProxyMailMode https\n\nzmprov gs `zmhostname` zimbraMailMode\nzmprov ms `zmhostname` zimbraMailMode https\n\nzmprov gs `zmhostname` zimbraReverseProxySSLToUpstreamEnabled\nzmprov ms `zmhostname` zimbraReverseProxySSLToUpstreamEnabled TRUE<\/code><\/pre>\n<p>Me k\u00ebto komanda, t\u00eb gjitha lidhjet me proxy-<a class=\"wpil_keyword_link\" href=\"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/sq\/server\/dts-dusseldorf\/\"   title=\"server\u00eb\" data-wpil-keyword-link=\"linked\"  data-wpil-monitor-id=\"3435\">server\u00eb<\/a> dhe server\u00ebt e post\u00ebs do t\u00eb jen\u00eb t\u00eb enkriptuara, si dhe do t\u00eb realizohet proksimi i t\u00eb gjitha k\u00ebtyre lidhjeve.<\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" alt=\"P\u00ebrmir\u00ebsimi i parametrave t\u00eb siguris\u00eb s\u00eb lidhjes SSL n\u00eb Zimbra Collaboration Suite Open-Source Edition\" src=\"\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/06\/e129b3fda82417414c2b284f7b4bea94.png\" style=\"display:block;margin: 0 auto;\" \/><br \/>\n<br \/>\nK\u00ebshtu, duke ndjekur rekomandimet tona, jo vet\u00ebm q\u00eb mund t\u00eb arrini nj\u00eb vler\u00ebsim t\u00eb shk\u00eblqyer n\u00eb testin e siguris\u00eb SSL, por gjithashtu do t\u00eb rritni ndjesh\u00ebm sigurin\u00eb e funksionimit t\u00eb gjith\u00eb infrastruktur\u00ebs Zimbra OSE.<\/p>\n<p>P\u00ebr t\u00eb gjitha pyetjet q\u00eb lidhen me Zextras Suite mund t\u00eb kontaktoni P\u00ebrfaq\u00ebsuesin e kompanis\u00eb \"Zextras\", Ekaterina Triandafiliidi n\u00eb email katerina@zextras.com<br \/>\n<br \/>Burimi: <a content=\"nofollow\" rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/habr.com\/ru\/company\/zimbra\/blog\/508372\/\">habr.com<\/a> <\/p>","protected":false,"gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"html"}]},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u041d\u0430\u0434\u0435\u0436\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u044c \u0448\u0438\u0444\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0438\u044f \u044f\u0432\u043b\u044f\u0435\u0442\u0441\u044f \u043e\u0434\u043d\u0438\u043c \u0438\u0437 \u043d\u0430\u0438\u0431\u043e\u043b\u0435\u0435 \u0432\u0430\u0436\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u043f\u043e\u043a\u0430\u0437\u0430\u0442\u0435\u043b\u0435\u0439 \u043f\u0440\u0438 \u0438\u0441\u043f\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0437\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0438 \u0438\u043d\u0444\u043e\u0440\u043c\u0430\u0446\u0438\u043e\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u0441\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0435\u043c \u0434\u043b\u044f \u0431\u0438\u0437\u043d\u0435\u0441\u0430, \u0432\u0435\u0434\u044c \u0435\u0436\u0435\u0434\u043d\u0435\u0432\u043d\u043e \u043e\u043d\u0438 \u0443\u0447\u0430\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0443\u044e\u0442 \u0432 \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0434\u0430\u0447\u0435 \u043e\u0433\u0440\u043e\u043c\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u043a\u043e\u043b\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0430 \u043a\u043e\u043d\u0444\u0438\u0434\u0435\u043d\u0446\u0438\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e\u0439 \u0438\u043d\u0444\u043e\u0440\u043c\u0430\u0446\u0438\u0438. \u041e\u0431\u0449\u0435\u043f\u0440\u0438\u043d\u044f\u0442\u044b\u043c \u0441\u0440\u0435\u0434\u0441\u0442\u0432\u043e\u043c \u043e\u0446\u0435\u043d\u043a\u0438 \u043a\u0430\u0447\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0430 SSL-\u0441\u043e\u0435\u0434\u0438\u043d\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f \u044f\u0432\u043b\u044f\u0435\u0442\u0441\u044f \u043d\u0435\u0437\u0430\u0432\u0438\u0441\u0438\u043c\u044b\u0439 \u0442\u0435\u0441\u0442 \u043e\u0442 Qualys SSL Labs. \u041f\u043e\u0441\u043a\u043e\u043b\u044c\u043a\u0443 \u0434\u0430\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u0442\u0435\u0441\u0442 \u043c\u043e\u0436\u0435\u0442 \u0437\u0430\u043f\u0443\u0441\u0442\u0438\u0442\u044c \u043a\u0442\u043e \u0443\u0433\u043e\u0434\u043d\u043e, \u0434\u043b\u044f SaaS-\u043f\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0430\u0439\u0434\u0435\u0440\u043e\u0432 \u043e\u0441\u043e\u0431\u0435\u043d\u043d\u043e \u0432\u0430\u0436\u043d\u043e, \u0447\u0442\u043e\u0431\u044b \u043e\u0446\u0435\u043d\u043a\u0430 \u0432 \u044d\u0442\u043e\u043c \u0442\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0435 \u0431\u044b\u043b\u0430 \u043c\u0430\u043a\u0441\u0438\u043c\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e\u0439. \u041e 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