{"id":87282,"date":"2020-07-06T13:44:51","date_gmt":"2020-07-06T11:44:51","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/blog\/administrirovanie\/ot-startapa-do-tysyach-serverov-v-desyatke-czod-kak-my-gnalis-za-rostom-linux-infrastruktury"},"modified":"2021-02-01T11:41:48","modified_gmt":"2021-02-01T09:41:48","slug":"ot-startapa-do-tysyach-serverov-v-desyatke-czod-kak-my-gnalis-za-rostom-linux-infrastruktury","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/sq\/blog\/administrirovanie\/ot-startapa-do-tysyach-serverov-v-desyatke-czod-kak-my-gnalis-za-rostom-linux-infrastruktury","title":{"rendered":"Nga \u201cstartup\u201d deri n\u00eb mij\u00ebra server\u00eb n\u00eb dhjet\u00eb data qendra. Si e ndjek\u00ebm rritjen e infrastruktur\u00ebs Linux","gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"text"}]},"content":{"rendered":"<p>N\u00ebse infrastruktura juaj IT po rritet shum\u00eb shpejt, p\u00ebr nj\u00eb moment ose tjet\u00ebr do t\u00eb p\u00ebrballeni me zgjedhjen \u2014 t\u00eb rrisni burimet njer\u00ebzore p\u00ebr mb\u00ebshtetje linjare ose t\u00eb filloni automatizimin. Deri n\u00eb nj\u00eb far\u00eb momenti, ne jetuam n\u00eb parimin e par\u00eb, dhe pastaj filloi nj\u00eb rrug\u00eb e gjat\u00eb drejt Infrastructure-as-Code.<\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" alt=\"Nga \u201cstartup\u201d deri n\u00eb mij\u00ebra server\u00eb n\u00eb dhjet\u00eb data qendra. Si e ndjek\u00ebm rritjen e infrastruktur\u00ebs Linux\" src=\"\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/07\/adbcf170e3e0f794355eb1eb052585c1.jpg\" style=\"display:block;margin: 0 auto;\"><br \/>\n<noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" name=\"habracut\"><\/a><\/noindex><br \/>\nNatyrisht, NSPK nuk \u00ebsht\u00eb nj\u00eb startup, por nj\u00eb atmosfer\u00eb e till\u00eb mbizot\u00ebronte n\u00eb kompani n\u00eb vitet e para t\u00eb ekzistenc\u00ebs s\u00eb saj, dhe ato ishin vite shum\u00eb interesante. M\u00eb quajn\u00eb <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/habr.com\/users\/dkorn\/\">Kornyakov Dmitry<\/a><\/noindex>, p\u00ebr m\u00eb shum\u00eb se 10 vjet mb\u00ebshtes infrastruktur\u00ebn Linux me k\u00ebrkesa t\u00eb larta p\u00ebr disponueshm\u00ebri. I kam bashkuar ekipit t\u00eb NSPK n\u00eb janar 2016, dhe fatkeq\u00ebsisht nuk e kam p\u00ebrjetuar fillimin e ekzistenc\u00ebs s\u00eb kompanis\u00eb, por kam ardhur n\u00eb nj\u00eb faz\u00eb t\u00eb madhe ndryshimi.<\/p>\n<p>N\u00eb p\u00ebrgjith\u00ebsi, mund t\u00eb themi se ekipi yn\u00eb ofron dy produkte p\u00ebr kompanin\u00eb. E para \u00ebsht\u00eb infrastruktura. Posta duhet t\u00eb funksionoj\u00eb, DNS t\u00eb punoj\u00eb, dhe kontrolluesit e domainit duhet t\u00eb ju lejojn\u00eb t\u00eb hyni n\u00eb serverat q\u00eb nuk duhet t\u00eb bien. Peizazhi IT i kompanis\u00eb \u00ebsht\u00eb i madh! K\u00ebto jan\u00eb sisteme kritike p\u00ebr biznesin dhe misionin, k\u00ebrkesat p\u00ebr disponueshm\u00ebrin\u00eb e disa prej tyre jan\u00eb 99,999. Produkti i dyt\u00eb jan\u00eb vet\u00eb serverat, fizik\u00eb dhe virtual\u00eb. Duhet t\u00eb monitorojm\u00eb ata ekzistues, dhe t\u00eb sjellim rregullisht t\u00eb rinj nga shum\u00eb njesi. N\u00eb k\u00ebt\u00eb artikull dua t\u00eb theksoj se si zhvilluam infrastruktur\u00ebn q\u00eb p\u00ebrgjigjet p\u00ebr ciklin e jet\u00ebs. <a class=\"wpil_keyword_link\" href=\"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/sq\/server\/\"   title=\"server\u00ebsh\" data-wpil-keyword-link=\"linked\"  data-wpil-monitor-id=\"1507\">server\u00ebsh<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p><b>Fillimi i rrug\u00ebs<\/b><\/p>\n<p>N\u00eb fillim t\u00eb rrug\u00ebs, stoku yn\u00eb i teknologjis\u00eb dukej k\u00ebshtu:<br \/>\n<i>OS CentOS 7<br \/>\nKontrollues t\u00eb domainit FreeIPA<br \/>\nAutomatizimi \u2014 Ansible(+Tower), Cobbler<\/i><\/p>\n<p>E gjitha kjo ishte e vendosur n\u00eb 3 domain, t\u00eb shp\u00ebrndara n\u00eb disa DC. N\u00eb nj\u00eb DC ndodheshin sistemet zyrtare dhe poligonet testuese, n\u00eb t\u00eb tjerat PROD.<\/p>\n<p>Krijimi i server\u00ebve n\u00eb nj\u00eb moment dukej k\u00ebshtu:<\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" alt=\"Nga \u201cstartup\u201d deri n\u00eb mij\u00ebra server\u00eb n\u00eb dhjet\u00eb data qendra. Si e ndjek\u00ebm rritjen e infrastruktur\u00ebs Linux\" src=\"\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/07\/2cc6209276489dc6e9d1bf46236d3785.jpg\" style=\"display:block;margin: 0 auto;\"><\/p>\n<p>N\u00eb shabllonin VM CentOS minimal dhe minimumin e nevojsh\u00ebm si nj\u00eb \/etc\/resolv.conf t\u00eb sakt\u00eb, pjesa tjet\u00ebr vjen p\u00ebrmes Ansible.<\/p>\n<p>CMDB \u2013 Excel.<\/p>\n<p>N\u00ebse serveri \u00ebsht\u00eb fizik, at\u00ebher\u00eb n\u00eb vend t\u00eb kopjimit t\u00eb makin\u00ebs virtuale, OS instalohej me ndihm\u00ebn e Cobbler \u2014 n\u00eb konfigurimin e Cobbler shtohen adresat MAC t\u00eb serverit t\u00eb synuar, \u0441\u0435\u0440\u0432\u0435\u0440\u0438 merr nj\u00eb adres\u00eb IP p\u00ebrmes DHCP-s\u00eb, dhe pastaj instalon sistemin operativ.<\/p>\n<p>N\u00eb fillim p\u00ebrpiqeshim t\u00eb b\u00ebnim ndonj\u00eb menaxhim konfigurimi n\u00eb Cobbler. Por me kalimin e koh\u00ebs, kjo filloi t\u00eb sillte probleme me portabilitetin e konfigurimeve si n\u00eb DC t\u00eb tjer\u00eb ashtu edhe n\u00eb kodin Ansible p\u00ebr p\u00ebrgatitjen e VM.<\/p>\n<p>Ansible n\u00eb at\u00eb koh\u00eb shum\u00eb prej nesh e p\u00ebrjetonin si nj\u00eb zgjerim t\u00eb leht\u00eb t\u00eb Bash dhe nuk kursenim n\u00eb nd\u00ebrtimet me p\u00ebrdorimin e shell, sed. N\u00eb p\u00ebrgjith\u00ebsi Bashsible. Kjo n\u00eb fund sillte n\u00eb at\u00eb q\u00eb, n\u00ebse playbook-u p\u00ebr ndonj\u00eb arsye nuk funksiononte n\u00eb server, ishte m\u00eb e leht\u00eb t\u00eb fshije serverin, t\u00eb rregulloje playbook-un dhe ta riktheje at\u00eb p\u00ebrs\u00ebri. Nuk kishte p\u00ebrfundimisht versionim t\u00eb skripteve, as p\u00ebrshkueshm\u00ebria e konfigurimeve.<\/p>\n<p>P\u00ebr shembull, ne d\u00ebshiruam t\u00eb ndryshonim nj\u00eb konfigurim n\u00eb t\u00eb gjitha serverat:<\/p>\n<ol>\n<li>Ndryshojm\u00eb konfigurimin n\u00eb serverat ekzistues n\u00eb segmentin logjik\/CPD. Ndonj\u00ebher\u00eb jo brenda nj\u00eb dite \u2013 k\u00ebrkesat p\u00ebr disponueshm\u00ebri dhe ligji i numrave t\u00eb m\u00ebdhenj nuk lejojn\u00eb p\u00ebrdorimin e t\u00eb gjitha ndryshimeve nj\u00ebher\u00ebsh. Disa ndryshime jan\u00eb potencialisht destruktive dhe k\u00ebrkojn\u00eb rip\u00ebrshtatjen e di\u00e7kaje \u2013 nga sh\u00ebrbimet deri te vet\u00eb sistemi operativ.<\/li>\n<li>Rregullojm\u00eb n\u00eb Ansible<\/li>\n<li>Rregullojm\u00eb n\u00eb Cobbler<\/li>\n<li>P\u00ebrs\u00ebrisim N her\u00eb p\u00ebr \u00e7do segment logjik\/CPD<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p>P\u00ebr t\u00eb b\u00ebr\u00eb q\u00eb t\u00eb gjitha ndryshimet t\u00eb kalojn\u00eb pa probleme, ishte e nevojshme t\u00eb merreshin parasysh shum\u00eb faktor\u00eb, dhe ndryshimet ndodhin vazhdimisht.<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Rikonstruksioni i kodit ansible, skedar\u00ebve t\u00eb konfigurimit<\/li>\n<li>Ndryshimi i praktikave m\u00eb t\u00eb mira t\u00eb brendshme<\/li>\n<li>Ndryshimet si rezultat i analiz\u00ebs s\u00eb incidenteve\/aksidenteve<\/li>\n<li>Ndryshimi i standardeve t\u00eb siguris\u00eb, si t\u00eb brendshme ashtu edhe t\u00eb jashtme. P\u00ebr shembull, PCI DSS p\u00ebrdit\u00ebsohet \u00e7do vit me k\u00ebrkesa t\u00eb reja<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><b>Rritja e infrastruktur\u00ebs dhe fillimi i udh\u00ebtimit<\/b><\/p>\n<p>Numri i server\u00ebve\/domainave logjik\u00eb\/CPD rritej, ashtu si numri i gabimeve n\u00eb konfigurime. N\u00eb nj\u00eb moment t\u00eb caktuar arrit\u00ebm n\u00eb tre drejtime, n\u00eb drejtim t\u00eb t\u00eb cilave duhet t\u00eb zhvillojm\u00eb menaxhimin e konfigurimeve:<\/p>\n<ol>\n<li>Automatizimi. Sa m\u00eb shum\u00eb q\u00eb t\u00eb jet\u00eb e mundur, duhet t\u00eb shmangim faktor\u00ebt njer\u00ebzor\u00eb n\u00eb operacione t\u00eb p\u00ebrs\u00ebritura.<\/li>\n<li>P\u00ebrs\u00ebritshm\u00ebria. T\u00eb menaxhosh infrastruktur\u00ebn \u00ebsht\u00eb shum\u00eb m\u00eb e leht\u00eb kur \u00ebsht\u00eb e parashikueshme. Konfigurimi i server\u00ebve dhe mjeteve p\u00ebr p\u00ebrgatitjen e tyre duhet t\u00eb jet\u00eb kudo nj\u00ebsoj. Kjo \u00ebsht\u00eb po aq e r\u00ebnd\u00ebsishme p\u00ebr ekipet produktive - aplikacioni duhet me siguri pas testimit t\u00eb kaloj\u00eb n\u00eb mjedisin prodhues, i konfiguruar n\u00eb m\u00ebnyr\u00eb t\u00eb ngjashme me testimin.<\/li>\n<li>Thjesht\u00ebsia dhe transparenca e ndryshimeve n\u00eb menaxhimin e konfigurimeve.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p>Mbetet t\u00eb shtojm\u00eb disa mjete.<\/p>\n<p>Si nj\u00eb depo kodin ne zgjodh\u00ebm GitLab CE, jo n\u00eb radh\u00eb t\u00eb vog\u00ebl p\u00ebr shkak t\u00eb pranis\u00eb s\u00eb moduleve t\u00eb integruara CI\/CD.<\/p>\n<p>Depoja e sekret\u00ebve - Hashicorp Vault, po ashtu p\u00ebr shkak t\u00eb API-s\u00eb s\u00eb mrekullueshme.<\/p>\n<p>Testimi i konfigurimeve dhe roleve ansible \u2013 Molecule + Testinfra. Testet shkojn\u00eb shum\u00eb m\u00eb shpejt n\u00ebse e lidhni ansible me mitogen. P\u00ebrve\u00e7 k\u00ebsaj, filluam t\u00eb shkruajm\u00eb nj\u00eb CMDB t\u00eb vet\u00ebn dhe nj\u00eb orkestrator p\u00ebr implementimin automatike (n\u00eb imazh mbi Cobbler), por kjo \u00ebsht\u00eb nj\u00eb histori krejt tjet\u00ebr, p\u00ebr t\u00eb cil\u00ebn n\u00eb t\u00eb ardhmen do t\u00eb flas\u00eb kolegu im dhe kryeprogramuesi i k\u00ebtyre sistemeve.<\/p>\n<p>Zgjedhja jon\u00eb:<\/p>\n<p><i>Molecule + Testinfra<br \/>\nAnsible + Tower + AWX<br \/>\nBota e Server\u00ebve + DITNET (Zhvillim i brendsh\u00ebm)<br \/>\nCobbler<br \/>\nGitlab + GitLab runner<br \/>\nHashicorp Vault<br \/>\n<\/i><\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" alt=\"Nga \u201cstartup\u201d deri n\u00eb mij\u00ebra server\u00eb n\u00eb dhjet\u00eb data qendra. Si e ndjek\u00ebm rritjen e infrastruktur\u00ebs Linux\" src=\"\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/07\/e84263618966f757e76d0384c9da276d.jpg\" style=\"display:block;margin: 0 auto;\"><\/p>\n<p>P\u00ebr rolet ansible. Fillimisht ishte vet\u00ebm nj\u00eb, pas disa refaktorimeve u b\u00ebn\u00eb 17. Rekomandoj me ngulm ndarjen e monolitit n\u00eb role idempotente, t\u00eb cilat mund t\u00eb ekzekutohen ve\u00e7mas, dhe mund t\u00eb shtoni etiketa. Ne i ndam\u00eb rolet sipas funksionalitetit \u2013 rrjeti, regjistrimi, paketat, hardware, molecule etj. E p\u00ebrgjithshmja, ndoq\u00ebm strategjin\u00eb m\u00eb posht\u00eb. Nuk po insistoj se kjo \u00ebsht\u00eb e v\u00ebrteta universale, por p\u00ebr ne funksionoi.<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><b>Kopjimi i server\u00ebve nga \"imazhi i art\u00eb\" \u2013 e keqe!<\/b>Nga disavantazhet kryesore \u2013 nuk e dini me siguri n\u00eb \u00e7far\u00eb gjendjeje jan\u00eb imazhet tani, dhe se t\u00eb gjitha ndryshimet do t\u00eb vijn\u00eb n\u00eb t\u00eb gjitha imazhet n\u00eb t\u00eb gjitha fermat e virtualizimit.<\/li>\n<li><b>P\u00ebrdorni skedar\u00eb konfigurimi default sa m\u00eb pak q\u00eb t\u00eb jet\u00eb e mundur dhe rregulloni me nj\u00ebsit\u00eb e tjera q\u00eb p\u00ebr skedar\u00ebt kryesor\u00eb sistematik\u00eb p\u00ebrgjigjeni ju.<\/b>, p\u00ebr shembull:\n<ol>\n<li>L\u00ebreni \/etc\/sysctl.conf bosh, konfigurimet duhet t\u00eb q\u00ebndrojn\u00eb vet\u00ebm n\u00eb \/etc\/sysctl.d\/. Defaulti juaj n\u00eb nj\u00eb skedar, personalizimi p\u00ebr aplikacionin n\u00eb nj\u00eb tjet\u00ebr.<\/li>\n<li>P\u00ebrdorni skedar\u00eb override p\u00ebr redaktimin e nj\u00ebsive systemd.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<\/li>\n<li><b>Templatezoni t\u00eb gjitha konfigurimet dhe ngjiteni n\u00eb t\u00ebr\u00ebsi, sa m\u00eb shum\u00eb q\u00eb t\u00eb jet\u00eb e mundur, pa sed dhe analoget e tij n\u00eb playbook.<\/b><\/li>\n<li><b>Duke refaktorizuar kodin e sistemit t\u00eb menaxhimit t\u00eb konfigurimeve:<\/b>\n<ol>\n<li>Ndani detyrat n\u00eb entitete logjike dhe rishkruani monolitin n\u00eb role.<\/li>\n<li>P\u00ebrdorni linters! Ansible-lint, yaml-lint, etj.<\/li>\n<li>Ndryshoni qasjen! Asnj\u00eb bashsible. Duhet t\u00eb p\u00ebrshkruani gjendjen e sistemit.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<\/li>\n<li><b>P\u00ebr t\u00eb gjitha rolet Ansible duhet t\u00eb shkruani teste n\u00eb molecule dhe nj\u00eb her\u00eb n\u00eb dit\u00eb t\u00eb gjeneroni raporte.<\/b><\/li>\n<li>N\u00eb rastin ton\u00eb, pas p\u00ebrgatitjes s\u00eb testeve (m\u00eb shum\u00eb se 100), u gjet\u00ebn rreth 70000 gabime. Korrigjimi mori disa muaj.<img decoding=\"async\" alt=\"Nga \u201cstartup\u201d deri n\u00eb mij\u00ebra server\u00eb n\u00eb dhjet\u00eb data qendra. Si e ndjek\u00ebm rritjen e infrastruktur\u00ebs Linux\" src=\"\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/07\/afa87e6305ef99a7ed6bdab0bc78a433.jpg\" style=\"display:block;margin: 0 auto;\"><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><b>Implementimi yn\u00eb<\/b><\/p>\n<p>Pra, rolet ansible ishin t\u00eb gatshme, t\u00eb templatezura dhe t\u00eb verifikuara nga linters. Edhe git\u00ebt ishin ngritur n\u00eb \u00e7do vend. Por pyetja p\u00ebr dor\u00ebzimin e sigurt t\u00eb kodit n\u00eb segmente t\u00eb ndryshme mbeti e hapur. Vendos\u00ebm t\u00eb sinkronizojm\u00eb me skriptet. Duket k\u00ebshtu:<\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" alt=\"Nga \u201cstartup\u201d deri n\u00eb mij\u00ebra server\u00eb n\u00eb dhjet\u00eb data qendra. Si e ndjek\u00ebm rritjen e infrastruktur\u00ebs Linux\" src=\"\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/07\/7c850301b5838b295d75834374e09b9f.jpg\" style=\"display:block;margin: 0 auto;\"><\/p>\n<p>Pas pas azhurnuar e ndryshimi, CI fillon, krijohet nj\u00eb server testues, rrotullohen rolet, dhe testohet me molekul\u00ebn. N\u00ebse gjith\u00e7ka \u00ebsht\u00eb n\u00eb rregull, kodi shkon n\u00eb deg\u00ebn e prodhimit. Por ne nuk aplikojm\u00eb kodin e ri n\u00eb server\u00ebt ekzistues automatikisht. Kjo \u00ebsht\u00eb nj\u00eb lloj ndalese q\u00eb \u00ebsht\u00eb e nevojshme p\u00ebr disponueshm\u00ebrin\u00eb e lart\u00eb t\u00eb sistemeve tona. Dhe kur infrastruktura b\u00ebhet e madhe, hyjn\u00eb gjithashtu ligjet e numrave t\u00eb m\u00ebdhenj \u2013 edhe n\u00ebse jeni t\u00eb sigurt se ndryshimi \u00ebsht\u00eb i pad\u00ebmsh\u00ebm, ai mund t\u00eb sjell\u00eb pasoja t\u00eb hidhura.<\/p>\n<p>Ka shum\u00eb m\u00ebnyra p\u00ebr t\u00eb krijuar server\u00eb. Ne p\u00ebrfundimisht zgjedhim skriptet e personalizuara n\u00eb Python. Dhe p\u00ebr CI, ansible:<\/p>\n<pre><code class=\"json\">- emri: create1.yml - Krijo nj\u00eb VM nga nj\u00eb templat\u00eb\n  vmware_guest:\n    hostname: \"{{datacenter}}\".domain.ru\n    username: \"{{ username_vc }}\"\n    password: \"{{ password_vc }}\"\n    validate_certs: no\n    cluster: \"{{cluster}}\"\n    datacenter: \"{{datacenter}}\"\n    name: \"{{ name }}\"\n    state: poweredon\n    folder: \"{{folder}}\"\n    template: \"{{template}}\"\n    customization:\n      hostname: \"{{ name }}\"\n      domain: domain.ru\n      dns_servers:\n        - \"{{ ipa1_dns }}\"\n        - \"{{ ipa2_dns }}\"\n    networks:\n      - name: \"{{ network }}\"\n        type: static\n        ip: \"{{ip}}\"\n        netmask: \"{{netmask}}\"\n        gateway: \"{{gateway}}\"\n        wake_on_lan: True\n        start_connected: True\n        allow_guest_control: True\n    wait_for_ip_address: yes\n    disk:\n      - size_gb: 1\n        type: thin\n        datastore: \"{{datastore}}\"\n      - size_gb: 20\n        type: thin\n        datastore: \"{{datastore}}\"<\/code><\/pre>\n<p>Ky \u00ebsht\u00eb rezultati yn\u00eb, sistemi vazhdon t\u00eb jetoj\u00eb dhe t\u00eb zhvillohet.<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>17 rolet ansible p\u00ebr konfigurimin e serverit. \u00c7do rol \u00ebsht\u00eb i dedikuar p\u00ebr zgjidhjen e nj\u00eb detyre logjike t\u00eb ve\u00e7ant\u00eb (shtimi i logeve, auditimi, autorizimi i p\u00ebrdoruesve, monitorimi, etj.).<\/li>\n<li>Testimi i roleve. Molecule + TestInfra.<\/li>\n<li>Zhvillimi yn\u00eb i brendsh\u00ebm: CMDB + Orkestruesi.<\/li>\n<li>Koha e krijimit t\u00eb serverit \u00ebsht\u00eb rreth 30 minuta, e automatizuar dhe praktikisht nuk varet nga radh\u00ebt e detyrave.<\/li>\n<li>Gjendje\/p\u00ebrshkrim t\u00eb nj\u00ebjt\u00eb t\u00eb infrastruktur\u00ebs n\u00eb t\u00eb gjitha segmentet \u2013 playbook, depo, elemente virtualizimi.<\/li>\n<li>Kontroll i p\u00ebrditsh\u00ebm i gjendjes s\u00eb server\u00ebve me gjenerimin e raport\u00ebve t\u00eb diferencave nga standardi.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>Shpresoj se rr\u00ebfimi im do t\u00eb jet\u00eb i dobish\u00ebm p\u00ebr ata q\u00eb jan\u00eb n\u00eb fillim t\u00eb rrug\u00ebs. Dhe \u00e7far\u00eb grupi automatizimi po p\u00ebrdorni ju?<\/p>\n<p>Burimi: <a content=\"nofollow\" rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/habr.com\/ru\/company\/nspk\/blog\/509460\/\">habr.com<\/a><\/p>","protected":false,"gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"html"}]},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u0415\u0441\u043b\u0438 \u0432\u0430\u0448\u0430 IT \u0438\u043d\u0444\u0440\u0430\u0441\u0442\u0440\u0443\u043a\u0442\u0443\u0440\u0430 \u0440\u0430\u0441\u0442\u0451\u0442 \u0441\u043b\u0438\u0448\u043a\u043e\u043c \u0431\u044b\u0441\u0442\u0440\u043e, \u0432\u044b \u0440\u0430\u043d\u043e \u0438\u043b\u0438 \u043f\u043e\u0437\u0434\u043d\u043e \u0441\u0442\u043e\u043b\u043a\u043d\u0451\u0442\u0435\u0441\u044c \u0441 \u0432\u044b\u0431\u043e\u0440\u043e\u043c \u2013 \u043b\u0438\u043d\u0435\u0439\u043d\u043e \u0443\u0432\u0435\u043b\u0438\u0447\u0438\u0432\u0430\u0442\u044c \u043b\u044e\u0434\u0441\u043a\u0438\u0435 \u0440\u0435\u0441\u0443\u0440\u0441\u044b \u043d\u0430 \u0435\u0451 \u043f\u043e\u0434\u0434\u0435\u0440\u0436\u043a\u0443 \u0438\u043b\u0438 \u043d\u0430\u0447\u0438\u043d\u0430\u0442\u044c \u0430\u0432\u0442\u043e\u043c\u0430\u0442\u0438\u0437\u0430\u0446\u0438\u044e. \u0414\u043e \u043a\u0430\u043a\u043e\u0433\u043e-\u0442\u043e \u043c\u043e\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0442\u0430 \u043c\u044b \u0436\u0438\u043b\u0438 \u0432 \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0432\u043e\u0439 \u043f\u0430\u0440\u0430\u0434\u0438\u0433\u043c\u0435, \u0430 \u043f\u043e\u0442\u043e\u043c \u043d\u0430\u0447\u0430\u043b\u0441\u044f \u0434\u043e\u043b\u0433\u0438\u0439 \u043f\u0443\u0442\u044c \u043a Infrastructure-as-Code. \u0420\u0430\u0437\u0443\u043c\u0435\u0435\u0442\u0441\u044f, \u041d\u0421\u041f\u041a \u2013 \u043d\u0435 \u0441\u0442\u0430\u0440\u0442\u0430\u043f, \u043d\u043e \u0442\u0430\u043a\u0430\u044f \u0430\u0442\u043c\u043e\u0441\u0444\u0435\u0440\u0430 \u0446\u0430\u0440\u0438\u043b\u0430 \u0432 \u043a\u043e\u043c\u043f\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0438 \u0432 \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0432\u044b\u0435 \u0433\u043e\u0434\u044b \u0441\u0443\u0449\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0432\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0438\u044f, [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false,"gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"html"}]},"author":1,"featured_media":87283,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[688],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-87282","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-administrirovanie"],"aioseo_notices":[],"aioseo_head":"\n\t\t<!-- All in One SEO 5.0.2 - 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