{"id":88961,"date":"2020-07-16T19:42:34","date_gmt":"2020-07-16T17:42:34","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/blog\/administrirovanie\/anycast-protiv-unicast-chto-luchshe-vybirat-v-kazhdom-sluchae"},"modified":"2020-07-16T19:42:34","modified_gmt":"2020-07-16T17:42:34","slug":"anycast-protiv-unicast-chto-luchshe-vybirat-v-kazhdom-sluchae","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/sq\/blog\/administrirovanie\/anycast-protiv-unicast-chto-luchshe-vybirat-v-kazhdom-sluchae","title":{"rendered":"Anycast kundrejt Unicast: \u00e7far\u00eb \u00ebsht\u00eb m\u00eb mir\u00eb t\u00eb zgjidhni n\u00eb secilin rast","gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"text"}]},"content":{"rendered":"<p>Me shum\u00eb mund\u00ebsi, shum\u00eb njer\u00ebz kan\u00eb d\u00ebgjuar p\u00ebr Anycast. Me k\u00ebt\u00eb metod\u00eb adresimi dhe ruterimi, nj\u00eb IP shp\u00ebrndahet n\u00eb disa servera n\u00eb rrjet. Ky proces mund t\u00eb p\u00ebrfshij\u00eb edhe qendra t\u00eb t\u00eb dh\u00ebnash q\u00eb ndodhen shum\u00eb larg nj\u00ebra-tjetr\u00ebs. Ideja e Anycast \u00ebsht\u00eb q\u00eb, n\u00eb var\u00ebsi t\u00eb lokacionit t\u00eb burimit t\u00eb k\u00ebrkesave, t\u00eb dh\u00ebnat t\u00eb d\u00ebrgohen n\u00eb serverin m\u00eb t\u00eb af\u00ebrt (sipas topologjis\u00eb s\u00eb rrjetit, m\u00eb sakt\u00eb \u2014 protokollit t\u00eb ruterimit BGP). N\u00eb k\u00ebt\u00eb m\u00ebnyr\u00eb, numri i kalimeve (hop) dhe vonesave (latency) mund t\u00eb zvog\u00eblohet. <\/p>\n<p>N\u00eb thelb, shpallet e nj\u00ebjta rrug\u00eb nga disa qendra t\u00eb t\u00eb dh\u00ebnave n\u00eb t\u00eb gjith\u00eb bot\u00ebn. K\u00ebshtu, klient\u00ebt do t\u00eb d\u00ebrgohen n\u00eb qendr\u00ebn e t\u00eb dh\u00ebnave \"m\u00eb t\u00eb mir\u00eb\" dhe \"m\u00eb t\u00eb af\u00ebrt\" n\u00eb p\u00ebrputhje me rrug\u00ebt BGP. Pse t\u00eb p\u00ebrdoret Anycast? Pse t\u00eb p\u00ebrdorim Anycast n\u00eb vend t\u00eb Unicast?<\/p>\n<p><noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/habr.com\/ru\/company\/ruvds\/blog\/511050\/\"><img decoding=\"async\" alt=\"Anycast kundrejt Unicast: \u00e7far\u00eb \u00ebsht\u00eb m\u00eb mir\u00eb t\u00eb zgjidhni n\u00eb secilin rast\" src=\"\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/07\/6573f1e2d39d783575348734518c4bae.png\" style=\"display:block;margin: 0 auto;\" \/><\/a><\/noindex><noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" name=\"habracut\"><\/a><\/noindex><br \/>\nUnicast v\u00ebrtet mund t\u00eb jet\u00eb i p\u00ebrshtatsh\u00ebm p\u00ebr nj\u00eb faqe me nj\u00eb server web dhe nj\u00eb volum t\u00eb moderuar trafik. Megjithat\u00eb, n\u00ebse sh\u00ebrbimi ka miliona abonent\u00eb, zakonisht p\u00ebrdor shum\u00eb servera web, \u00e7do nj\u00eb prej t\u00eb cil\u00ebve ka t\u00eb nj\u00ebjtin IP. K\u00ebta servera jan\u00eb t\u00eb shp\u00ebrndar\u00eb gjeografikisht p\u00ebr t\u00eb optimizuar sh\u00ebrbimin e k\u00ebrkesave.<\/p>\n<p>N\u00eb k\u00ebt\u00eb skenar, Anycast do t\u00eb ofroj\u00eb p\u00ebrmir\u00ebsim t\u00eb performanc\u00ebs (trafiku d\u00ebrgohet te p\u00ebrdoruesi me vones\u00eb minimale), do t\u00eb siguronte besueshm\u00ebrin\u00eb e sh\u00ebrbimit (fal\u00eb serverave rezerv\u00eb) dhe balancimin e ngarkes\u00ebs \u2014 ruterim n\u00ebp\u00ebrmjet disa server\u00ebve do ta shp\u00ebrndaj\u00eb ngarkes\u00ebn midis tyre, duke p\u00ebrmir\u00ebsuar shpejt\u00ebsin\u00eb e funksionimit t\u00eb faqes.<\/p>\n<p>Operatoret ofrojn\u00eb klient\u00ebve lloje t\u00eb ndryshme balancimi t\u00eb ngarkes\u00ebs mbi baz\u00ebn e Anycast dhe DNS. Klient\u00ebt mund t\u00eb specifikojn\u00eb IP-t\u00eb n\u00eb t\u00eb cilat do t\u00eb d\u00ebrgohen k\u00ebrkesat n\u00eb var\u00ebsi t\u00eb lokacionit gjeografik t\u00eb faqes. Kjo mund\u00ebson shp\u00ebrndarje m\u00eb fleksibile t\u00eb k\u00ebrkesave t\u00eb p\u00ebrdoruesve.<\/p>\n<p>Supozoni se ka disa vende, midis t\u00eb cilave duhet t\u00eb shp\u00ebrndahet ngarkesa (p\u00ebrdoruesit), p\u00ebr shembull, nj\u00eb dyqan online me 100,000 k\u00ebrkesa n\u00eb dit\u00eb ose nj\u00eb blog t\u00eb njohur. P\u00ebr t\u00eb kufizuar rajonin nga ku p\u00ebrdoruesit hyjn\u00eb n\u00eb nj\u00eb vend t\u00eb caktuar, mund t\u00eb p\u00ebrdoret opsioni Geo Community. Ky opsion lejon kufizimin e rajonit, brenda t\u00eb cilit operatori do t\u00eb shpall\u00eb rrug\u00ebn.<\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" alt=\"Anycast kundrejt Unicast: \u00e7far\u00eb \u00ebsht\u00eb m\u00eb mir\u00eb t\u00eb zgjidhni n\u00eb secilin rast\" src=\"\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/07\/54582f256a946a3ff557ab971cec087d.png\" style=\"display:block;margin: 0 auto;\" \/><\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" alt=\"Anycast kundrejt Unicast: \u00e7far\u00eb \u00ebsht\u00eb m\u00eb mir\u00eb t\u00eb zgjidhni n\u00eb secilin rast\" src=\"\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/07\/48849a5cf65cb1c7190c1f75aa33e2d8.png\" style=\"display:block;margin: 0 auto;\" \/><br \/>\n<i>Anycast dhe Unicast: diferencat<\/i><\/p>\n<p>Anycast shpesh kori ndihmon n\u00eb aplikacione t\u00eb tilla si DNS (sistemi i emrave t\u00eb domain) dhe CDN (rrjetet e shp\u00ebrndarjes s\u00eb p\u00ebrmbajtjes), duke lejuar vendim-marrje p\u00ebr ruterimin q\u00eb rrisin performanc\u00ebn e rrjetit. Rrjetet e shp\u00ebrndarjes s\u00eb p\u00ebrmbajtjes p\u00ebrdorin Anycast, pasi p\u00ebrballen me volume t\u00eb m\u00ebdha trafiku, dhe Anycast ofron disa p\u00ebrfitime n\u00eb k\u00ebt\u00eb rast (p\u00ebr k\u00ebto do flasim m\u00eb posht\u00eb). N\u00eb DNS, Anycast lejon t\u00eb rritet ndjesh\u00ebm niveli i besueshm\u00ebris\u00eb dhe q\u00ebndrushm\u00ebris\u00eb s\u00eb sh\u00ebrbimit.<\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" alt=\"Anycast kundrejt Unicast: \u00e7far\u00eb \u00ebsht\u00eb m\u00eb mir\u00eb t\u00eb zgjidhni n\u00eb secilin rast\" src=\"\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/07\/8043fec22ecef8aa2b3b9c1a06e8f5f9.png\" style=\"display:block;margin: 0 auto;\" \/><br \/>\n<i>N\u00eb Anycast IP me p\u00ebrdorimin e BGP ekzistojn\u00eb disa rrug\u00eb p\u00ebr n\u00eb nj\u00eb host t\u00eb caktuar. N\u00eb t\u00eb v\u00ebrtet\u00eb, k\u00ebto jan\u00eb kopje t\u00eb hosteve n\u00eb disa qendra t\u00eb t\u00eb dh\u00ebnave, t\u00eb p\u00ebrdorura p\u00ebr t\u00eb krijuar lidhje me vones\u00eb m\u00eb t\u00eb ul\u00ebt.<\/i><\/p>\n<p>Pra, n\u00eb rrjetin Anycast, t\u00eb nj\u00ebjtin IP shpallet nga vende t\u00eb ndryshme, dhe rrjeti vendos se ku t\u00eb d\u00ebrgoj\u00eb k\u00ebrkes\u00ebn e p\u00ebrdoruesit n\u00eb p\u00ebrputhje me \"kostot\" e rrug\u00ebs. P\u00ebr shembull, shpesh p\u00ebr t\u00eb p\u00ebrcaktuar rrug\u00ebn m\u00eb t\u00eb shkurt\u00ebr p\u00ebr d\u00ebrgimin e t\u00eb dh\u00ebnave aplikohet protokolli BGP. Kur p\u00ebrdoruesi d\u00ebrgon nj\u00eb k\u00ebrkes\u00eb Anycast, BGP p\u00ebrcakton rrug\u00ebn m\u00eb t\u00eb mir\u00eb p\u00ebr serverat e disponuesh\u00ebm n\u00eb rrjetin Anycast.<\/p>\n<h2>P\u00ebrfitimet e Anycast<\/h2>\n<p>P\u00ebrmir\u00ebsimi i vones\u00ebs<br \/>\nSistemet me Anycast jan\u00eb n\u00eb gjendje t\u00eb zvog\u00eblojn\u00eb vones\u00ebn n\u00eb p\u00ebrpunimin e k\u00ebrkesave t\u00eb p\u00ebrdoruesve, pasi lejojn\u00eb marrjen e t\u00eb dh\u00ebnave nga serveri m\u00eb af\u00ebr. Kjo do t\u00eb thot\u00eb q\u00eb p\u00ebrdoruesit gjithmon\u00eb do t\u00eb lidhen me DNS-serverin \"m\u00eb t\u00eb af\u00ebrt\" (n\u00eb p\u00ebrputhje me protokollin e ruterimit). Si rezultat, Anycast zvog\u00eblon koh\u00ebn e nd\u00ebrveprimit duke ulur distanc\u00ebn rrjetore midis klientit dhe serverit. Kjo jo vet\u00ebm q\u00eb zvog\u00eblon vones\u00ebn, por gjithashtu siguron balancimin e ngarkes\u00ebs.<\/p>\n<p>Shpejt\u00ebsia<\/p>\n<p>Duke qen\u00eb se trafiku d\u00ebrgohet n\u00eb nyj\u00ebn m\u00eb t\u00eb af\u00ebrt, dhe vonesa zvog\u00eblohet gjat\u00eb kalimit t\u00eb t\u00eb dh\u00ebnave midis klientit dhe nyj\u00ebs, rezultati do t\u00eb jet\u00eb optimizimi i shpejt\u00ebsis\u00eb s\u00eb dor\u00ebzimit, pavar\u00ebsisht se nga ku klienti k\u00ebrkon informacion.<\/p>\n<p>Rritja e stabilitetit dhe q\u00ebndrushm\u00ebris\u00eb<\/p>\n<p>N\u00ebse disa servera n\u00eb t\u00eb gjith\u00eb bot\u00ebn p\u00ebrdorin t\u00eb nj\u00ebjtin IP, at\u00ebher\u00eb n\u00eb rast t\u00eb d\u00ebshtimit t\u00eb nj\u00ebrit nga serverat ose \u00e7aktivizimit t\u00eb tij, trafiku do t\u00eb riorientohet n\u00eb serverin m\u00eb t\u00eb af\u00ebrt. Si rezultat, Anycast e b\u00ebn sh\u00ebrbimin m\u00eb t\u00eb q\u00ebndruesh\u00ebm dhe siguron qasje m\u00eb t\u00eb mir\u00eb n\u00eb rrjet\/vones\u00eb\/shpejt\u00ebsi.\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>K\u00ebshtu, fal\u00eb pranis\u00eb s\u00eb disa server\u00ebve q\u00eb jan\u00eb gjithmon\u00eb n\u00eb dispozicion p\u00ebr p\u00ebrdoruesit, Anycast, p\u00ebr shembull, rrit q\u00ebndrueshm\u00ebrin\u00eb e funksionimit t\u00eb DNS. Kur nj\u00eb nod shk\u00ebputet, k\u00ebrkesat e p\u00ebrdoruesve do t\u00eb redaktohen n\u00eb nj\u00eb server tjet\u00ebr DNS pa asnj\u00eb nd\u00ebrhyrje manuale apo ri-konfigurim. Anycast siguron nj\u00eb kalim pothuajse t\u00eb duksh\u00ebm n\u00eb faqe t\u00eb tjera, thjesht duke hequr rrug\u00ebt e faqes problematike.\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>Balancimi i ngarkes\u00ebs<\/p>\n<p>N\u00eb sistemin Anycast, trafiku rrjetit shp\u00ebrndahet n\u00ebp\u00ebr server\u00eb t\u00eb ndrysh\u00ebm. Kjo do t\u00eb thot\u00eb se funksionon si nj\u00eb balancues ngarkese, duke parandaluar q\u00eb ndonj\u00eb server i ve\u00e7ant\u00eb t\u00eb marr\u00eb volumet kryesore t\u00eb trafikut. Balancimi i ngarkes\u00ebs mund t\u00eb p\u00ebrdoret, p\u00ebr shembull, kur n\u00eb t\u00eb nj\u00ebjt\u00ebn distanc\u00eb gjeografike nga burimi i k\u00ebrkesave ndodhen disa nod\u00eb rrjeti. N\u00eb k\u00ebt\u00eb rast, ngarkesa shp\u00ebrndahet n\u00ebp\u00ebr nod\u00eb.<\/p>\n<p>Reduktimi i ndikimit t\u00eb sulmeve DoS\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>Nj\u00eb ve\u00e7ori tjet\u00ebr e Anycast-it \u00ebsht\u00eb q\u00ebndrueshm\u00ebria ndaj DDoS. Sulmet DDoS v\u00ebshtir\u00eb se do t\u00eb ken\u00eb sukses n\u00eb shp\u00ebrb\u00ebrjen e sistemit Anycast, sepse do t\u00eb duhej t\u00eb ndalonin me nj\u00eb sasi t\u00eb madhe k\u00ebrkesash t\u00eb gjith\u00eb server\u00ebt n\u00eb nj\u00eb rrjet t\u00eb till\u00eb.\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>N\u00eb sulmet DDoS shpesh p\u00ebrdoren botnet\u00eb, t\u00eb cilat mund t\u00eb gjenerojn\u00eb nj\u00eb volum kaq t\u00eb madh trafiku, saq\u00eb e mbingarkojn\u00eb serverin e sulmuar. Avantazhi i p\u00ebrdorimit t\u00eb Anycast n\u00eb k\u00ebt\u00eb situat\u00eb \u00ebsht\u00eb se \u00e7do server \u00ebsht\u00eb n\u00eb gjendje t\u00eb \"zhyt\" nj\u00eb pjes\u00eb t\u00eb sulmit, duke rritur ngarkes\u00ebn mbi serverin specifik. Nj\u00eb sulm \"shk\u00ebputjeje nga sh\u00ebrbimi\" dhe shum\u00eb p\u00ebr t\u00eb gjitha sh\u00ebrbimet do t\u00eb jet\u00eb i lokalizuar n\u00eb serverin, dhe nuk do t\u00eb ndikoj\u00eb n\u00eb t\u00eb gjith\u00eb sh\u00ebrbimin.<\/p>\n<p>Gjithashtu, sh\u00ebrbim i lart\u00eb horizontal<\/p>\n<p>Sistemet Anycast jan\u00eb shum\u00eb t\u00eb p\u00ebrshtatshme p\u00ebr sh\u00ebrbimet me volume t\u00eb m\u00ebdha trafiku. N\u00ebse nj\u00eb sh\u00ebrbim q\u00eb p\u00ebrdor Anycast k\u00ebrkon server\u00eb t\u00eb rinj p\u00ebr t\u00eb p\u00ebrballuar rritjen e trafikut, mund t\u00eb shtohen server\u00eb t\u00eb rinj n\u00eb rrjet p\u00ebr ta p\u00ebrballuar at\u00eb. Ato mund t\u00eb vendosen n\u00eb platforma t\u00eb reja ose t\u00eb ekzistuara.\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>N\u00ebse n\u00eb nj\u00eb vend t\u00eb caktuar vihet re nj\u00eb rritje e madhe e trafikut, shtimi i nj\u00eb serveri do t\u00eb ndihmoj\u00eb n\u00eb balancimin e ngarkes\u00ebs p\u00ebr at\u00eb platform\u00eb. Shtimi i nj\u00eb serveri n\u00eb nj\u00eb vend t\u00eb ri do t\u00eb ndihmoj\u00eb n\u00eb reduktimin e koh\u00ebs s\u00eb pritjes, duke krijuar nj\u00eb rrug\u00eb t\u00eb re m\u00eb t\u00eb shkurt\u00ebr p\u00ebr disa p\u00ebrdorues. T\u00eb dy metodat gjithashtu ndihmojn\u00eb p\u00ebr t\u00eb rritur q\u00ebndrueshm\u00ebrin\u00eb e sh\u00ebrbimit, p\u00ebr shkak se b\u00ebhen t\u00eb disponueshme server\u00eb t\u00eb rinj n\u00eb rrjet. K\u00ebshtu, n\u00ebse nj\u00eb server \u00ebsht\u00eb i mbingarkuar, mund t\u00eb thjesht shtroni nj\u00eb tjet\u00ebr n\u00eb vendin q\u00eb do t'i lejoj\u00eb atij t\u00eb pranoj\u00eb nj\u00eb pjes\u00eb t\u00eb k\u00ebrkesave nga serveri i mbingarkuar. Kjo do t\u00eb thot\u00eb se nuk k\u00ebrkohet konfigurim nga ana e klient\u00ebve.\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>Vet\u00ebm k\u00ebshtu mund t\u00eb sh\u00ebrbehen terabita trafiku dhe nj\u00eb num\u00ebr shum\u00eb t\u00eb madh p\u00ebrdoruesish, kur n\u00eb server ka vet\u00ebm disa porte 10 ose 25 Gbit\/s. 100 hosta me nj\u00eb adres\u00eb IP do t'u japin mund\u00ebsin\u00eb t\u00eb p\u00ebrballojn\u00eb volumin e trafikut n\u00eb terabita.<\/p>\n<p>Thjesht\u00ebsia e menaxhimit t\u00eb konfiguracionit<\/p>\n<p>Si\u00e7 u p\u00ebrmend m\u00eb par\u00eb, nj\u00eb p\u00ebrdorim interesant i Anycast \u00ebsht\u00eb DNS. Mund t\u00eb vendosen disa server\u00eb t\u00eb ndrysh\u00ebm DNS n\u00eb nodet e rrjetit, por me nj\u00eb adres\u00eb DNS. N\u00eb var\u00ebsi t\u00eb vendndodhjes s\u00eb burimit, k\u00ebrkesat drejtohen n\u00eb nodin m\u00eb t\u00eb af\u00ebrt. Kjo siguron nj\u00eb balancim t\u00eb caktuar t\u00eb trafikut dhe tep\u00ebrsi n\u00eb rast t\u00eb nj\u00eb d\u00ebshtimi t\u00eb serverit DNS. K\u00ebshtu, n\u00eb vend q\u00eb t\u00eb konfiguroni server\u00eb t\u00eb ndrysh\u00ebm DNS n\u00eb var\u00ebsi t\u00eb vendndodhjes s\u00eb tyre, konfigurimin e nj\u00eb serveri DNS mund t\u00eb shp\u00ebrndaheni n\u00eb t\u00eb gjith\u00eb nodet.<\/p>\n<p>Rrjetet Anycast mund t\u00eb konfigurohen p\u00ebr t\u00eb drejtuar k\u00ebrkesat jo vet\u00ebm n\u00eb baz\u00eb t\u00eb distanc\u00ebs, por edhe sipas parametrave t\u00eb till\u00eb si disponueshm\u00ebria e serverit, numri i lidhjeve t\u00eb vendosura, ose kohe p\u00ebrgjigjeje.<\/p>\n<p>P\u00ebr t\u00eb p\u00ebrdorur teknologjin\u00eb Anycast nga ana e klientit nuk k\u00ebrkohen server\u00eb, rrjete ose komponente t\u00eb ve\u00e7anta. Por, Anycast ka edhe t\u00eb metat e veta. Mendohet se zbatimi i tij \u00ebsht\u00eb nj\u00eb detyr\u00eb e v\u00ebshtir\u00eb, q\u00eb k\u00ebrkon pajisje shtes\u00eb, ofrues t\u00eb besuesh\u00ebm dhe drejtimin e duhur t\u00eb trafikut.<\/p>\n<h2>Nga nj\u00eb burim t\u00eb past\u00ebr n\u00eb nj\u00eb t\u00eb bukur larg\u00ebsi<\/h2>\n<p>\nNd\u00ebrsa Anycast drejton p\u00ebrdoruesit n\u00eb baz\u00eb t\u00eb numrit m\u00eb t\u00eb vog\u00ebl t\u00eb kalimeve, kjo nuk do t\u00eb thot\u00eb domosdoshm\u00ebrisht se ka vones\u00ebn m\u00eb minimale. Vonesa \u00ebsht\u00eb nj\u00eb metrik\u00eb m\u00eb e nd\u00ebrlikuar, sepse p\u00ebr nj\u00eb kalim mund t\u00eb jet\u00eb m\u00eb e lart\u00eb se ajo p\u00ebr dhjet\u00eb kalime. <\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" alt=\"Anycast kundrejt Unicast: \u00e7far\u00eb \u00ebsht\u00eb m\u00eb mir\u00eb t\u00eb zgjidhni n\u00eb secilin rast\" src=\"\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/07\/8fb50007806759ab243c89bb88cdeb31.png\" style=\"display:block;margin: 0 auto;\" \/><br \/>\n<i>Shembull: komunikimet nd\u00ebrkontinentale mund t\u00eb p\u00ebrfshijn\u00eb nj\u00eb kalim me nj\u00eb vones\u00eb shum\u00eb t\u00eb lart\u00eb.<\/i><\/p>\n<p>Anycast p\u00ebrdoret kryesisht p\u00ebr sh\u00ebrbime mbi baz\u00ebn e UDP, si DNS. K\u00ebrkesat e p\u00ebrdoruesve drejtohen n\u00eb Qendr\u00ebn e t\u00eb Dh\u00ebnave \"m\u00eb t\u00eb mir\u00eb\" dhe \"m\u00eb t\u00eb af\u00ebrt\" n\u00eb baz\u00eb t\u00eb rrug\u00ebve BGP. <\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" alt=\"Anycast kundrejt Unicast: \u00e7far\u00eb \u00ebsht\u00eb m\u00eb mir\u00eb t\u00eb zgjidhni n\u00eb secilin rast\" src=\"\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/07\/05a1b75b981d55967e44e3b90cfd88b9.png\" style=\"display:block;margin: 0 auto;\" \/><br \/>\n<i>Shembuj: nj\u00eb stacion pune DNS-klienti me adres\u00ebn IP Anycast DNS 123.10.10.10, realizon zgjidhjen DNS p\u00ebr serverin m\u00eb t\u00eb af\u00ebrt nga tre server\u00eb emri DNS, t\u00eb vendosur duke p\u00ebrdorur t\u00eb nj\u00ebjt\u00ebn adres\u00eb IP Anycast. N\u00eb rast t\u00eb d\u00ebshtimit t\u00eb router-it R1 ose serverit A, paketat e DNS-klientit do t\u00eb ridrejtohen automatikisht te serveri tjet\u00ebr m\u00eb i af\u00ebrt DNS p\u00ebrmes router\u00ebve R2 dhe R3. P\u00ebr m\u00eb tep\u00ebr, rruga drejt serverit ton\u00eb A do t\u00eb fshihet nga tabelat e rrug\u00ebs, duke parandaluar p\u00ebrdorimin e m\u00ebtejsh\u00ebm t\u00eb k\u00ebtij serveri emri.<\/i><\/p>\n<h2>Skemat e vendosjes<\/h2>\n<p>\nEkzistojn\u00eb dy skema t\u00eb zakonshme q\u00eb p\u00ebrdoren p\u00ebr t\u00eb p\u00ebrcaktuar se cilit server i qaset p\u00ebrdoruesi:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><b>Anycast n\u00eb nivelin e rrjetit<\/b>. Kthehet p\u00ebrdoruesi me serverin m\u00eb t\u00eb af\u00ebrt. K\u00ebtu r\u00ebnd\u00ebsi ka rruga rrjetore nga p\u00ebrdoruesi te serveri.<\/li>\n<li><b>Anycast n\u00eb nivelin e aplikacionit<\/b>. N\u00eb k\u00ebt\u00eb skem\u00eb ka m\u00eb shum\u00eb metrika t\u00eb llogaritura, p\u00ebrfshir\u00eb disponueshm\u00ebrin\u00eb e serverit, koh\u00ebn e p\u00ebrgjigjes, numrin e lidhjeve dhe tjer\u00eb. Kjo varet nga nj\u00eb monitor i jasht\u00ebm q\u00eb ofron statistika p\u00ebr rrjetin.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><\/p>\n<h2>CDN e bazuar n\u00eb Anycast<\/h2>\n<p>\nTani le t\u00eb kthehemi n\u00eb p\u00ebrdorimin e Anycast n\u00eb rrjetet e shp\u00ebrndarjes s\u00eb p\u00ebrmbajtjes. Anycast, patjet\u00ebr, p\u00ebrfaq\u00ebson nj\u00eb koncept interesant rrjetor dhe po fiton gjithnj\u00eb e m\u00eb shum\u00eb njohje nga ofruesit e CDN-ve t\u00eb brezit t\u00eb ri.<\/p>\n<p>CDN \u00ebsht\u00eb nj\u00eb rrjet i shp\u00ebrndar\u00eb serverash q\u00eb ofron p\u00ebrmbajtje p\u00ebr p\u00ebrdoruesit e fundit me disponueshm\u00ebri t\u00eb lart\u00eb dhe vones\u00eb t\u00eb ul\u00ebt. Rrjetet e shp\u00ebrndarjes s\u00eb p\u00ebrmbajtjes luajn\u00eb sot nj\u00eb rol t\u00eb r\u00ebnd\u00ebsish\u00ebm, duke qen\u00eb baza e shum\u00eb sh\u00ebrbimeve online multimedia, dhe konsumator\u00ebt po b\u00ebhen gjithnj\u00eb e m\u00eb t\u00eb paduruesh\u00ebm ndaj shpejt\u00ebsive t\u00eb ngadalta t\u00eb ngarkes\u00ebs. Aplikacionet p\u00ebr video dhe z\u00eb jan\u00eb ve\u00e7an\u00ebrisht t\u00eb ndjeshme ndaj jitter-it dhe vones\u00ebs n\u00eb rrjet. <\/p>\n<p>CDN bashkon t\u00eb gjith\u00eb serverat n\u00eb nj\u00eb rrjet dhe ofron ngarkes\u00eb m\u00eb t\u00eb shpejt\u00eb t\u00eb p\u00ebrmbajtjes. Nganj\u00ebher\u00eb \u00ebsht\u00eb e mundur t\u00eb reduktohet koha e pritjes p\u00ebr p\u00ebrdoruesit me 5-6 sekonda. Q\u00ebllimi i CDN \u00ebsht\u00eb optimizimi i shp\u00ebrndarjes duke ofruar p\u00ebrmbajtjen nga serveri m\u00eb af\u00ebr p\u00ebrdoruesit t\u00eb fundit. Kjo \u00ebsht\u00eb shum\u00eb e ngjashme me Anycast, ku zgjidhet serveri m\u00eb i af\u00ebrt n\u00eb var\u00ebsi t\u00eb vendndodhjes s\u00eb p\u00ebrdoruesit t\u00eb fundit. Duket se \u00e7do ofrues sh\u00ebrbimi CDN do t\u00eb p\u00ebrdor\u00eb Anycast si standard, por n\u00eb t\u00eb v\u00ebrtet\u00eb nuk \u00ebsht\u00eb k\u00ebshtu.<\/p>\n<p>Aplikacionet q\u00eb p\u00ebrdorin protokolle si HTTP\/TCP mb\u00ebshteten n\u00eb vendosjen e nj\u00eb lidhjeje. N\u00ebse zgjidhet nj\u00eb nyje e re Anycast (p.sh., n\u00eb rast t\u00eb d\u00ebshtimit t\u00eb serverit), sh\u00ebrbimi mund t\u00eb nd\u00ebrpritet. Prandaj, Anycast rekomandohej m\u00eb par\u00eb p\u00ebr sh\u00ebrbime pa lidhje si UDP dhe DNS. Megjithat\u00eb, Anycast funksionon mir\u00eb edhe p\u00ebr protokollet e orientuara ndaj lidhjes, p\u00ebr shembull, TCP funksionon shum\u00eb mir\u00eb n\u00eb modalitetin Anycast.<\/p>\n<p>Disa ofrues CDN p\u00ebrdorin rrug\u00ebzim t\u00eb bazuar n\u00eb Anycast, t\u00eb tjer\u00eb preferojn\u00eb rrug\u00ebzimin e bazuar n\u00eb DNS: serveri m\u00eb i af\u00ebrt zgjidhet n\u00eb var\u00ebsi t\u00eb vendndodhjes s\u00eb serverit DNS t\u00eb p\u00ebrdoruesit.<\/p>\n<p>Infrastrukturat hibride dhe ato me qendra t\u00eb shumta t\u00eb dh\u00ebnash jan\u00eb nj\u00eb shembull tjet\u00ebr i p\u00ebrdorimit t\u00eb Anycast. Adresa Load Balancing IP e marr\u00eb nga ofruesi lejon shp\u00ebrndarjen e ngarkes\u00ebs midis adresave IP t\u00eb sh\u00ebrbimeve t\u00eb ndryshme t\u00eb klient\u00ebve n\u00eb QD-n\u00eb e ofruesit. Fal\u00eb teknologjis\u00eb s\u00eb adresimit, \u00e7do pajisje siguron performanc\u00eb m\u00eb t\u00eb mir\u00eb me trafikun e lart\u00eb, q\u00ebndrueshm\u00ebri dhe ndihmon n\u00eb optimizimin e koh\u00ebs s\u00eb p\u00ebrgjigjes me numrin e madh t\u00eb p\u00ebrdoruesve.<\/p>\n<p>N\u00eb infrastruktura hibride me qendra t\u00eb shumta t\u00eb dh\u00ebnash, \u00ebsht\u00eb e mundur t\u00eb shp\u00ebrndahen trafiku midis server\u00ebve ose madje edhe pajisjeve virtuale n\u00eb server\u00eb t\u00eb dedikuar.<\/p>\n<p>Prandaj, ekziston nj\u00eb gam\u00eb e gjer\u00eb zgjidhjesh teknike p\u00ebr nd\u00ebrtimin e infrastruktur\u00ebs. \u00cbsht\u00eb gjithashtu e mundur t\u00eb konfigurohet balansimi i ngarkes\u00ebs sipas adresave IP n\u00eb disa qendra t\u00eb t\u00eb dh\u00ebnave, duke p\u00ebrdorur adresimin e \u00e7do pajisjeje grupore p\u00ebr t\u00eb optimizuar pun\u00ebn e sitit.<\/p>\n<p>Trafiku mund t\u00eb shp\u00ebrndahet sipas rregullave t\u00eb tij, duke p\u00ebrcaktuar \"pesh\u00ebn\" e \u00e7do serveri t\u00eb shp\u00ebrndar\u00eb n\u00eb \u00e7do QD. Kjo konfigurim \u00ebsht\u00eb ve\u00e7an\u00ebrisht e dobishme kur ka nj\u00eb park serverash t\u00eb shp\u00ebrndar\u00eb dhe performanca e sh\u00ebrbimeve nuk \u00ebsht\u00eb e nj\u00ebtrajtshme. Kjo do t\u00eb lejoj\u00eb shp\u00ebrndarjen m\u00eb t\u00eb shpesht\u00eb t\u00eb trafikut p\u00ebr t\u00eb p\u00ebrmir\u00ebsuar performanc\u00ebn e server\u00ebve.<\/p>\n<p>P\u00ebr krijimin e nj\u00eb sistemi kontrolli duke p\u00ebrdorur komand\u00ebn ping, ekziston mund\u00ebsia p\u00ebr t\u00eb konfiguruar sondat. Kjo i lejon administratorit t\u00eb p\u00ebrcaktoj\u00eb procedurat e tij t\u00eb kontrollit dhe t\u00eb marr\u00eb nj\u00eb pamje m\u00eb t\u00eb qart\u00eb t\u00eb gjendjes s\u00eb secilit komponent n\u00eb infrastruktur\u00eb. K\u00ebshtu, mund t\u00eb p\u00ebrcaktohen kriteret e disponueshm\u00ebris\u00eb.<\/p>\n<p>Ka mund\u00ebsi p\u00ebr t\u00eb nd\u00ebrtuar nj\u00eb infrastruktur\u00eb hibride: ndonj\u00ebher\u00eb \u00ebsht\u00eb e dobishme t\u00eb l\u00ebm\u00eb back-office n\u00eb rrjetin korporativ, nd\u00ebrsa pjesa nd\u00ebrfaq\u00ebsore t'i kalojm\u00eb nj\u00eb ofruesi t\u00eb jasht\u00ebm.<\/p>\n<p>Ekziston mund\u00ebsia p\u00ebr t\u00eb shtuar certifikata SSL p\u00ebr balancimin e ngarkes\u00ebs, enkriptimin e t\u00eb dh\u00ebnave t\u00eb transmetuara dhe sigurin\u00eb e komunikimit midis vizitor\u00ebve t\u00eb faqes dhe infrastruktur\u00ebs korporative. N\u00eb rastin e balancimit t\u00eb ngarkes\u00ebs midis qendrave t\u00eb t\u00eb dh\u00ebnave mund t\u00eb aplikohet gjithashtu SSL.<\/p>\n<p>Sh\u00ebrbimi Anycast me balancimin e adresave t\u00eb ngarkes\u00ebs mund t\u00eb merret nga ofruesi. Kjo funksionalitet ndihmon n\u00eb p\u00ebrmir\u00ebsimin e algoritmit t\u00eb nd\u00ebrveprimit t\u00eb p\u00ebrdoruesve me aplikacionet n\u00eb var\u00ebsi t\u00eb vendndodhjes. Mjafton t\u00eb shpallni se cil\u00ebt sh\u00ebrbime ekzistojn\u00eb n\u00eb qendr\u00ebn e t\u00eb dh\u00ebnave, dhe trafiku do t\u00eb ridrejtohet n\u00eb infrastruktur\u00ebn m\u00eb t\u00eb af\u00ebrt. N\u00ebse ka server\u00eb t\u00eb dedikuar, p\u00ebr shembull, n\u00eb Franc\u00eb ose n\u00eb Amerik\u00ebn Veriore, klient\u00ebt do t\u00eb tregohen p\u00ebr n\u00eb serverin m\u00eb t\u00eb af\u00ebrt n\u00eb rrjet.<\/p>\n<p>Nj\u00eb nga m\u00ebnyrat e p\u00ebrdorimit t\u00eb Anycast \u00ebsht\u00eb zgjedhja optimale e pik\u00ebs s\u00eb pranis\u00eb s\u00eb operatorit (PoP). Le t\u00eb shohim <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/engineering.linkedin.com\/network-performance\/tcp-over-ip-anycast-pipe-dream-or-reality\">shembull<\/a><\/noindex>. LinkedIn (i bllokuar n\u00eb Rusi) jo vet\u00ebm q\u00eb p\u00ebrpiqet t\u00eb p\u00ebrmir\u00ebsoj\u00eb performanc\u00ebn dhe shpejt\u00ebsin\u00eb e produkteve t\u00eb saj - aplikacioneve mobile dhe web, por edhe t\u00eb p\u00ebrmir\u00ebsoj\u00eb infrastruktur\u00ebn rrjetore p\u00ebr d\u00ebrgimin e shpejt\u00eb t\u00eb p\u00ebrmbajtjes. P\u00ebr k\u00ebt\u00eb q\u00ebllim, p\u00ebr d\u00ebrgimin dinamik t\u00eb p\u00ebrmbajtjes, LinkedIn p\u00ebrdor aktivisht PoP \u2013 pikat e pranis\u00eb. P\u00ebr t\u00eb drejtimin e p\u00ebrdoruesve drejt PoP-it m\u00eb t\u00eb af\u00ebrt, zbatohet Anycast.<\/p>\n<p>Arsyeja \u00ebsht\u00eb se n\u00eb rastin e Unicast, \u00e7do PoP i LinkedIn ka nj\u00eb adres\u00eb IP unike. Pastaj, p\u00ebrdoruesit caktohen p\u00ebr PoP n\u00eb var\u00ebsi t\u00eb vendndodhjes s\u00eb tyre gjeografike duke p\u00ebrdorur DNS. Problemi \u00ebsht\u00eb se gjat\u00eb p\u00ebrdorimit t\u00eb DNS, rreth 30% e p\u00ebrdoruesve n\u00eb Shtetet e Bashkuara ridrejtoheshin n\u00eb nj\u00eb PoP t\u00eb paoptimal. Fal\u00eb zbatimit etapik t\u00eb Anycast, caktimi jooptimal i PoP ka r\u00ebn\u00eb nga 31% n\u00eb 10%.<\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" alt=\"Anycast kundrejt Unicast: \u00e7far\u00eb \u00ebsht\u00eb m\u00eb mir\u00eb t\u00eb zgjidhni n\u00eb secilin rast\" src=\"\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/07\/f1635951294bc476639ec65d175c11e0.png\" style=\"display:block;margin: 0 auto;\" \/><br \/>\n<i>Rezultatet e testit pilot jan\u00eb paraqitur n\u00eb grafik, ku aksis Y \u00ebsht\u00eb p\u00ebrqindja e caktimit optimal t\u00eb PoP. Nd\u00ebrsa Anycast \u00ebsht\u00eb b\u00ebr\u00eb m\u00eb i shumt\u00eb n\u00eb shum\u00eb shtete t\u00eb SHBA-ve, \u00ebsht\u00eb v\u00ebrejtur nj\u00eb p\u00ebrmir\u00ebsim n\u00eb p\u00ebrqindjen e trafikut drejt PoP-it optimal.<\/i><\/p>\n<h2>Monitorimi i rrjetit Anycast<\/h2>\n<p>\nTeorikisht, rrjetet Anycast jan\u00eb t\u00eb thjeshta: disa server\u00eb fizik\u00eb i jepet e nj\u00ebjta adres\u00eb IP, e cila p\u00ebrdoret nga BGP p\u00ebr t\u00eb p\u00ebrcaktuar rrug\u00ebn. Por realizimi dhe projektimi i platformave Anycast jan\u00eb komplekse, ve\u00e7an\u00ebrisht rrjetet Anycast me q\u00ebndrueshm\u00ebri. Monitorimi efektiv i rrjetit Anycast p\u00ebr identifikimin dhe lokalizimin e shpejt\u00eb t\u00eb defekteve \u00ebsht\u00eb edhe m\u00eb i nd\u00ebrlikuar. <\/p>\n<p>N\u00ebse sh\u00ebrbimet p\u00ebrdorin nj\u00eb ofrues t\u00eb jasht\u00ebm CDN p\u00ebr sh\u00ebrbimin e p\u00ebrmbajtjes s\u00eb tyre, \u00ebsht\u00eb shum\u00eb e r\u00ebnd\u00ebsishme t\u00eb ndjekin dhe kontrollojn\u00eb performanc\u00ebn e rrjetit. N\u00eb monitorimin e CDN-s\u00eb q\u00eb bazohet n\u00eb Anycast, fokusi kryesor \u00ebsht\u00eb matja e vonesave dhe karakteristikave t\u00eb sekundar\u00ebve, p\u00ebr t\u00eb kuptuar se cilat qendra t\u00eb t\u00eb dh\u00ebnave sh\u00ebrbejn\u00eb p\u00ebrmbajtjen. Analiza e header-ave HTTP t\u00eb serverit \u00ebsht\u00eb nj\u00eb tjet\u00ebr m\u00ebnyr\u00eb p\u00ebr t\u00eb p\u00ebrcaktuar burimin e t\u00eb dh\u00ebnave.<\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" alt=\"Anycast kundrejt Unicast: \u00e7far\u00eb \u00ebsht\u00eb m\u00eb mir\u00eb t\u00eb zgjidhni n\u00eb secilin rast\" src=\"\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/07\/9dfcf689c3c7a553b00de5f0dac4d0ec.png\" style=\"display:block;margin: 0 auto;\" \/><br \/>\n<i>Shembuj: headrat e p\u00ebrgjigjes HTTP q\u00eb tregojn\u00eb vendndodhjen e serverit CDN.<\/i><\/p>\n<p>P\u00ebr shembull, CloudFlare p\u00ebrdor header-in e vet CF-Ray n\u00eb p\u00ebrgjigjet HTTP, i cili p\u00ebrfshin informacionin e qendr\u00ebs s\u00eb t\u00eb dh\u00ebnave nga e cila \u00ebsht\u00eb b\u00ebr\u00eb k\u00ebrkesa. N\u00eb rastin e Zendesk, headrat CF-Ray p\u00ebr rajonin e Seattle \u00ebsht\u00eb CF-RAY: 2a21675e65fd2a3d-SEA, dhe p\u00ebr Amsterdamin \u00ebsht\u00eb CF-RAY: 2a216896b93a0c71-AMS. P\u00ebr t\u00eb p\u00ebrcaktuar se ku ndodhet p\u00ebrmbajtja, gjithashtu mund t\u00eb p\u00ebrdoren headrat HTTP-X nga p\u00ebrgjigja HTTP.<\/p>\n<h2>Metoda t\u00eb tjera t\u00eb adresimit<\/h2>\n<p>\nEkzistojn\u00eb edhe metoda t\u00eb tjera adresimi p\u00ebr t\u00eb ristrukturuar k\u00ebrkesat e p\u00ebrdoruesve n\u00eb nj\u00eb pik\u00eb t\u00eb caktuar t\u00eb rrjetit:<\/p>\n<p>Unicast<\/p>\n<p>Pjesa m\u00eb e madhe e internetit sot p\u00ebrdor k\u00ebt\u00eb metod\u00eb. Unicast \u00ebsht\u00eb transmetim nj\u00eb-nd\u00ebr-nj\u00eb, adresa IP lidhet vet\u00ebm me nj\u00eb nyj\u00eb specifike n\u00eb rrjet. Kjo quhet p\u00ebrputhje e nj\u00ebkohshme.\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>Multicast<\/p>\n<p>Multicast p\u00ebrdor lidhjen 'nj\u00eb p\u00ebr shum\u00eb' ose 'shum\u00eb p\u00ebr shum\u00eb'. D\u00ebrgimi multinadresh lejon d\u00ebrgimin e nj\u00eb k\u00ebrkese nga d\u00ebrguesi nj\u00ebkoh\u00ebsisht n\u00eb pika t\u00eb ndryshme t\u00eb zgjedhura. Kjo i jep klientit mund\u00ebsin\u00eb t\u00eb ngarkoj\u00eb nj\u00eb skedar n\u00eb copa nga disa hoste nj\u00ebkoh\u00ebsisht (gjithashtu e dobishme p\u00ebr transmetimin e audio ose video). Multicast shpesh ngat\u00ebrrohet me Anycast, megjithat\u00eb dallimi kryesor \u00ebsht\u00eb se Anycast orienton d\u00ebrguesin drejt nj\u00eb nyje specifike, edhe n\u00ebse shum\u00eb nyje jan\u00eb t\u00eb disponueshme.<\/p>\n<p>Broadcast<\/p>\n<p>Nj\u00eb datagram nga nj\u00eb d\u00ebrgues i vet\u00ebm d\u00ebrgohet n\u00eb t\u00eb gjitha pikat e lidhura me adres\u00ebn shp\u00ebrndar\u00ebse. Rrjeti automatikisht kopjon datagramet p\u00ebr t\u00eb qen\u00eb n\u00eb gjendje t\u00eb komunikoj\u00eb me t\u00eb gjith\u00eb marr\u00ebsit n\u00eb shp\u00ebrndarjen e gjer\u00eb (zakonisht n\u00eb nj\u00eb n\u00ebnshtres\u00eb t\u00eb vetme).<\/p>\n<p>Geocast<\/p>\n<p>Geocast \u00ebsht\u00eb n\u00eb nj\u00eb far\u00eb m\u00ebnyre i ngjash\u00ebm me Multicast: k\u00ebrkesat nga d\u00ebrguesi d\u00ebrgohen nj\u00ebkoh\u00ebsisht n\u00eb disa pika t\u00eb fundit. Megjithat\u00eb, dallimi \u00ebsht\u00eb se adresati p\u00ebrcaktohet nga pozita e tij gjeografike. Kjo \u00ebsht\u00eb nj\u00eb form\u00eb e specializuar e adresimit grupor q\u00eb p\u00ebrdoret nga disa protokolle ruterimi p\u00ebr rrjetet mobile peer-to-peer.<\/p>\n<p>Ruter gjeografik (Geo Router) llogarit zon\u00ebn e sh\u00ebrbimit t\u00eb tij dhe e aproksimon at\u00eb. Ruterat gjeografik\u00eb, duke ndar\u00eb zonat e sh\u00ebrbimit, ndihen tabelat e ruterimit. Sistemi i ruter\u00ebve gjeografik\u00eb ka nj\u00eb struktur\u00eb hierarkike.<\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" alt=\"Anycast kundrejt Unicast: \u00e7far\u00eb \u00ebsht\u00eb m\u00eb mir\u00eb t\u00eb zgjidhni n\u00eb secilin rast\" src=\"\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/07\/fa98a1f0705bd754e1a9c8b479c834a7.png\" style=\"display:block;margin: 0 auto;\" \/><br \/>\n<img decoding=\"async\" alt=\"Anycast kundrejt Unicast: \u00e7far\u00eb \u00ebsht\u00eb m\u00eb mir\u00eb t\u00eb zgjidhni n\u00eb secilin rast\" src=\"\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/07\/da36388f194ac565aba7b7661839ff6c.png\" style=\"display:block;margin: 0 auto;\" \/><br \/>\n<img decoding=\"async\" alt=\"Anycast kundrejt Unicast: \u00e7far\u00eb \u00ebsht\u00eb m\u00eb mir\u00eb t\u00eb zgjidhni n\u00eb secilin rast\" src=\"\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/07\/16161b1bdc81867d8c8bba7bd084b7cf.png\" style=\"display:block;margin: 0 auto;\" \/><br \/>\n<i>Unicast, Multicast dhe Broadcast.<\/i><\/p>\n<p>P\u00ebrdorimi i teknologjis\u00eb Anycast rrit nivelin e besueshm\u00ebris\u00eb, q\u00ebndrueshm\u00ebris\u00eb dhe siguris\u00eb s\u00eb DNS. Duke p\u00ebrdorur k\u00ebt\u00eb teknologji, operator\u00ebt ofrojn\u00eb sh\u00ebrbime p\u00ebr lloje t\u00eb ndryshme balancimi ngarkese bazuar n\u00eb DNS. N\u00eb panelin e kontrollit, mund t\u00eb p\u00ebrcaktohen adresat IP n\u00eb t\u00eb cilat do t\u00eb d\u00ebrgohen k\u00ebrkesat n\u00eb p\u00ebrputhje me vendndodhjen gjeografike. Kjo do t\u00eb ofroj\u00eb mund\u00ebsi m\u00eb fleksibile p\u00ebr shp\u00ebrndarjen e k\u00ebrkesave t\u00eb p\u00ebrdoruesve.<\/p>\n<p>Disa operator\u00eb p\u00ebrdorin mjete monitorimi t\u00eb rrug\u00ebs n\u00eb \u00e7do pik\u00eb pranije (POP): sistemi analizon automatikisht rrug\u00ebt m\u00eb t\u00eb shkurtra lokale dhe globale p\u00ebr pik\u00ebt e pranis\u00eb dhe i ridrejton ato p\u00ebrmes vendeve gjeografike me vones\u00ebn m\u00eb t\u00eb ul\u00ebt me koh\u00eb t\u00eb pap\u00ebrdorur.<\/p>\n<p>N\u00eb k\u00ebt\u00eb moment, Anycast \u00ebsht\u00eb zgjidhja m\u00eb e q\u00ebndrueshme dhe m\u00eb e besueshme p\u00ebr nd\u00ebrtimin e sh\u00ebrbimeve DNS me ngarkes\u00eb t\u00eb lart\u00eb, p\u00ebr t\u00eb cilat k\u00ebrkohet q\u00ebndrueshm\u00ebri dhe besueshm\u00ebri t\u00eb larta. <\/p>\n<p>Domaini .ru mb\u00ebshtet 35 server\u00eb Anycast DNS, t\u00eb grupuar n\u00eb 20 nyje, t\u00eb shp\u00ebrndara n\u00eb pes\u00eb zona Anycast. K\u00ebtu p\u00ebrdoret principi i nd\u00ebrtimit sipas kriterit gjeografik, pra Geocast. Kur vendosen nyjet DNS, parashikohet q\u00eb ato t\u00eb shp\u00ebrndahen n\u00eb vende gjeografikisht t\u00eb distancuara, af\u00ebr p\u00ebrdoruesve m\u00eb aktiv\u00eb, me nj\u00eb p\u00ebrqendrim maksimale t\u00eb ofruesve rus\u00eb n\u00eb vendndodhjen e nyj\u00ebs, si dhe me disponueshm\u00ebrin\u00eb e kapaciteteve t\u00eb lira dhe leht\u00ebsin\u00eb e bashk\u00ebpunimit me vendin.<\/p>\n<h2>Si t\u00eb nd\u00ebrtoni CDN?<\/h2>\n<p>\nCDN \u2014 nj\u00eb rrjet serverash q\u00eb p\u00ebrshpejton dor\u00ebzimin e p\u00ebrmbajtjes p\u00ebr p\u00ebrdoruesit.<noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/habr.com\/ru\/company\/ruvds\/blog\/503800\/\"> Rrjeti i dor\u00ebzimit t\u00eb p\u00ebrmbajtjes<\/a><\/noindex> bashkon t\u00eb gjith\u00eb serverat n\u00eb nj\u00eb rrjet dhe siguron ngarkes\u00eb m\u00eb t\u00eb shpejt\u00eb t\u00eb p\u00ebrmbajtjes. N\u00eb shpejt\u00ebsin\u00eb e ngarkes\u00ebs, nj\u00eb rol t\u00eb r\u00ebnd\u00ebsish\u00ebm luan distanca nga serveri deri te p\u00ebrdoruesi.<\/p>\n<p>CDN lejon p\u00ebrdorimin e server\u00ebve q\u00eb ndodhen m\u00eb af\u00ebr audienc\u00ebs s\u00eb synuar. Kjo shkurton koh\u00ebn e pritjes dhe ndihmon n\u00eb p\u00ebrshpejtimin e ngarkes\u00ebs s\u00eb p\u00ebrmbajtjes s\u00eb faqeve p\u00ebr t\u00eb gjith\u00eb vizitor\u00ebt, e cila \u00ebsht\u00eb ve\u00e7an\u00ebrisht kritike p\u00ebr faqet me skedar\u00eb t\u00eb m\u00ebdhenj ose sh\u00ebrbime multimedia. Fushat tipike t\u00eb aplikimit t\u00eb CDN \u2014 tregtia elektronike dhe sfera e arg\u00ebtimit.<\/p>\n<p>Rrjeti i server\u00ebve t\u00eb shtuar, i krijuar n\u00eb infrastruktur\u00ebn CDN, q\u00eb ndodhen sa m\u00eb af\u00ebr p\u00ebrdoruesve, kontribuon n\u00eb nj\u00eb dor\u00ebzim m\u00eb t\u00eb q\u00ebndruesh\u00ebm dhe m\u00eb t\u00eb shpejt\u00eb t\u00eb t\u00eb dh\u00ebnave. Sipas statistikave, p\u00ebrdorimi i CDN ul vones\u00ebn n\u00eb qasje n\u00eb faqen m\u00eb shum\u00eb se 70% n\u00eb krahasim me faqet pa CDN.<\/p>\n<p>Si<noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/habr.com\/ru\/company\/ruvds\/blog\/466447\/\"> krijoni CDN me ndihm\u00ebn e DNS<\/a><\/noindex>? \u041d\u0430\u0441\u0442\u0440\u043e\u0439\u043a\u0430 CDN \u0441 \u0438\u0441\u043f\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0437\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0435\u043c \u0441\u043e\u0431\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0435\u043d\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0440\u0435\u0448\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f Anycast \u043c\u043e\u0436\u0435\u0442 \u0431\u044b\u0442\u044c \u0434\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0430\u0442\u043e\u0447\u043d\u043e \u0434\u043e\u0440\u043e\u0433\u0438\u043c \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0435\u043a\u0442\u043e\u043c, \u043d\u043e \u0435\u0441\u0442\u044c \u0431\u043e\u043b\u0435\u0435 \u0434\u0435\u0448\u0435\u0432\u044b\u0435 \u0432\u0430\u0440\u0438\u0430\u043d\u0442\u044b. \u041d\u0430\u043f\u0440\u0438\u043c\u0435\u0440, \u043c\u043e\u0436\u043d\u043e \u0438\u0441\u043f\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0437\u043e\u0432\u0430\u0442\u044c GeoDNS \u0438 \u043e\u0431\u044b\u0447\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u0441\u0435\u0440\u0432\u0435\u0440\u044b \u0441 \u0443\u043d\u0438\u043a\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u044b\u043c\u0438 IP-\u0430\u0434\u0440\u0435\u0441\u0430\u043c\u0438. \u0421 \u043f\u043e\u043c\u043e\u0449\u044c\u044e \u0441\u0435\u0440\u0432\u0438\u0441\u043e\u0432 GeoDNS \u043c\u043e\u0436\u043d\u043e \u0441\u043e\u0437\u0434\u0430\u0442\u044c CDN \u0441 \u0444\u0443\u043d\u043a\u0446\u0438\u044f\u043c\u0438 \u0433\u0435\u043e\u043b\u043e\u043a\u0430\u0446\u0438\u0438, \u0432 \u043a\u043e\u0442\u043e\u0440\u043e\u0439 \u0440\u0435\u0448\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f \u043f\u0440\u0438\u043d\u0438\u043c\u0430\u044e\u0442\u0441\u044f \u043d\u0430 \u043e\u0441\u043d\u043e\u0432\u0435 \u0440\u0435\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u043c\u0435\u0441\u0442\u043e\u043f\u043e\u043b\u043e\u0436\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f \u043f\u043e\u0441\u0435\u0442\u0438\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044f, \u0430 \u043d\u0435 \u043c\u0435\u0441\u0442\u043e\u043f\u043e\u043b\u043e\u0436\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f \u0440\u0435\u0441\u043e\u043b\u0432\u0435\u0440\u0430 DNS. \u041c\u043e\u0436\u043d\u043e \u043d\u0430\u0441\u0442\u0440\u043e\u0438\u0442\u044c \u0441\u0432\u043e\u044e DNS-\u0437\u043e\u043d\u0443 \u0442\u0430\u043a, \u0447\u0442\u043e\u0431\u044b \u043f\u043e\u043a\u0430\u0437\u044b\u0432\u0430\u0442\u044c IP-\u0430\u0434\u0440\u0435\u0441\u0430 \u0430\u043c\u0435\u0440\u0438\u043a\u0430\u043d\u0441\u043a\u0438\u0445 \u0441\u0435\u0440\u0432\u0435\u0440\u043e\u0432 \u043f\u043e\u0441\u0435\u0442\u0438\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044f\u043c \u0438\u0437 \u0421\u0428\u0410, \u0430 \u0435\u0432\u0440\u043e\u043f\u0435\u0439\u0441\u043a\u0438\u0435 \u043f\u043e\u0441\u0435\u0442\u0438\u0442\u0435\u043b\u0438 \u0431\u0443\u0434\u0443\u0442 \u0432\u0438\u0434\u0435\u0442\u044c IP-\u0430\u0434\u0440\u0435\u0441 \u0438\u0437 \u0415\u0432\u0440\u043e\u043f\u044b.<\/p>\n<p>Me GeoDNS mund t\u00eb ktheni p\u00ebrgjigje t\u00eb ndryshme DNS n\u00eb var\u00ebsi t\u00eb IP-s\u00eb s\u00eb p\u00ebrdoruesit. P\u00ebr k\u00ebt\u00eb, serveri DNS konfigurohet n\u00eb m\u00ebnyr\u00eb q\u00eb t\u00eb kthej\u00eb adresa IP t\u00eb ndryshme n\u00eb var\u00ebsi t\u00eb IP-s\u00eb origjinale n\u00eb k\u00ebrkes\u00eb. Zakonisht, p\u00ebr t\u00eb p\u00ebrcaktuar rajonin, nga ku b\u00ebhet k\u00ebrkesa, p\u00ebrdoret nj\u00eb baz\u00eb t\u00eb dh\u00ebnash GeoIP. Gjeolokacioni me p\u00ebrdorimin e DNS lejon d\u00ebrgimin e p\u00ebrmbajtjes p\u00ebr p\u00ebrdoruesit nga faqja m\u00eb e af\u00ebrt.<\/p>\n<p>GeoDNS p\u00ebrcakton IP-n\u00eb e klientit q\u00eb d\u00ebrgoi k\u00ebrkes\u00ebn DNS, ose IP-n\u00eb e serverit t\u00eb rikursive DNS t\u00eb ofruesit q\u00eb p\u00ebrdoret gjat\u00eb p\u00ebrpunimit t\u00eb k\u00ebrkes\u00ebs s\u00eb klientit. N\u00eb baz\u00eb t\u00eb IP-s\u00eb s\u00eb klientit dhe baz\u00ebs GeoIP p\u00ebrcaktohet vendi\/rajoni. Pastaj, klienti merr adres\u00ebn IP t\u00eb serverit CDN m\u00eb t\u00eb af\u00ebrt. Mund t\u00eb lexoni m\u00eb shum\u00eb p\u00ebr konfigurimin e GeoDNS.<noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/habr.com\/ru\/post\/178727\/\"> k\u00ebtu<\/a><\/noindex>.<\/p>\n<h2>Anycast apo GeoDNS?<\/h2>\n<p>\nNd\u00ebrsa Anycast \u00ebsht\u00eb nj\u00eb m\u00ebnyr\u00eb e shk\u00eblqyer p\u00ebr t\u00eb dor\u00ebzuar p\u00ebrmbajtje n\u00eb nj\u00eb shkall\u00eb globale, i mungon specifik\u00ebsia. K\u00ebtu vjen n\u00eb ndihm\u00eb GeoDNS. Ky sh\u00ebrbim lejon krijimin e rregullave q\u00eb d\u00ebrgojn\u00eb p\u00ebrdoruesit n\u00eb pika unike p\u00ebrfundimtare sipas vendndodhjes s\u00eb tyre.<\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" alt=\"Anycast kundrejt Unicast: \u00e7far\u00eb \u00ebsht\u00eb m\u00eb mir\u00eb t\u00eb zgjidhni n\u00eb secilin rast\" src=\"\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/07\/05c9d6752ba196f90bfefe6091075b23.png\" style=\"display:block;margin: 0 auto;\" \/><br \/>\n<i>Shembuj: p\u00ebrdoruesit nga Evropa d\u00ebrgohen n\u00eb nj\u00eb pik\u00eb tjet\u00ebr p\u00ebrfundimtare.<\/i><\/p>\n<p>Gjithashtu, mund t\u00eb ndalohet aksesin n\u00eb domainet, duke hedhur t\u00eb gjitha k\u00ebrkesat. Ky \u00ebsht\u00eb, n\u00eb ve\u00e7anti, nj\u00eb m\u00ebnyr\u00eb e shpejt\u00eb p\u00ebr t\u00eb ndaluar keqb\u00ebr\u00ebsit.<\/p>\n<p>GeoDNS ofron p\u00ebrgjigje m\u00eb t\u00eb sakta se Anycast. Ndryshe nga Anycast, ku rruga m\u00eb e shkurt\u00ebr p\u00ebrcaktohet nga numri i hop-eve, me GeoDNS, rrug\u00ebzimi p\u00ebr p\u00ebrdoruesit e fundit ndodh n\u00eb var\u00ebsi t\u00eb vendndodhjes s\u00eb tyre fizike. Kjo ul vones\u00ebn dhe rrit sakt\u00ebsin\u00eb gjat\u00eb krijimit t\u00eb rregullave t\u00eb detajuara t\u00eb rrug\u00ebzimit. <\/p>\n<p>Kur kaloni te domeni, shfletuesi drejtohet te serveri DNS m\u00eb i af\u00ebrt, i cili, n\u00eb var\u00ebsi t\u00eb domenit, jep nj\u00eb adres\u00eb IP p\u00ebr ngarkimin e faqes. Le t\u00eb supozojm\u00eb se nj\u00eb dyqan online \u00ebsht\u00eb popullor n\u00eb SHBA dhe Evrop\u00eb, nd\u00ebrsa server\u00ebt DNS p\u00ebr t\u00eb jan\u00eb vet\u00ebm n\u00eb Evrop\u00eb. Pastaj, p\u00ebrdoruesit nga SHBA, q\u00eb d\u00ebshirojn\u00eb t\u00eb p\u00ebrdorin sh\u00ebrbimet e dyqanit, do t\u00eb detyrohen t\u00eb d\u00ebrgojn\u00eb nj\u00eb k\u00ebrkes\u00eb te serveri m\u00eb i af\u00ebrt, dhe pasi ai \u00ebsht\u00eb shum\u00eb larg, do t\u00eb presin gjat\u00eb p\u00ebr nj\u00eb p\u00ebrgjigje - ngarkimi i faqes nuk do t\u00eb jet\u00eb i shpejt\u00eb.<\/p>\n<p>Duke vendosur nj\u00eb server GeoDNS n\u00eb SHBA, p\u00ebrdoruesit do t\u00eb drejtohen drejt tij. P\u00ebrgjigjja do t\u00eb jet\u00eb e shpejt\u00eb, q\u00eb do t\u00eb ndikoj\u00eb n\u00eb shpejt\u00ebsin\u00eb e ngarkimit t\u00eb faqes.<\/p>\n<p>N\u00eb rastin e nj\u00eb serveri DNS t\u00eb ekzistuesh\u00ebm n\u00eb SHBA, kur nj\u00eb p\u00ebrdorues nga SHBA kalon n\u00eb k\u00ebt\u00eb domen, ai do t\u00eb drejtohet te serveri m\u00eb i af\u00ebrt, i cili do t\u00eb jap\u00eb adres\u00ebn IP t\u00eb nevojshme. P\u00ebrdoruesi do t\u00eb drejtohet te nj\u00eb server q\u00eb mban p\u00ebrmbajtjen e faqes, por pasi server\u00ebt me p\u00ebrmbajtje jan\u00eb t\u00eb larg\u00ebt, ai nuk do ta marr\u00eb at\u00eb shpejt.<\/p>\n<p>N\u00ebse vendosni n\u00eb SHBA edhe server\u00ebt CDN me t\u00eb dh\u00ebna t\u00eb ruajtura, at\u00ebher\u00eb kur shfletuesi i klientit ngarkon, ai do t\u00eb d\u00ebrgoj\u00eb nj\u00eb k\u00ebrkes\u00eb te serveri DNS m\u00eb i af\u00ebrt, i cili do t\u00eb kthente adres\u00ebn IP t\u00eb nevojshme. Shfletuesi, me adres\u00ebn IP t\u00eb marr\u00eb, drejtohet te serveri m\u00eb i af\u00ebrt CDN dhe te serveri kryesor, dhe serveri CDN i d\u00ebrgon shfletuesit p\u00ebrmbajtjen e ruajtur. Nd\u00ebrkoh\u00eb q\u00eb p\u00ebrmbajtja e ruajtur po ngarkohet, nga serveri kryesor d\u00ebrgohet nj\u00eb num\u00ebr i vog\u00ebl skedar\u00ebsh t\u00eb nevojsh\u00ebm p\u00ebr ngarkimin e plot\u00eb t\u00eb faqes. Si rezultat, koha e ngarkimit t\u00eb faqes ulet, pasi d\u00ebrgohen shum\u00eb m\u00eb pak skedar\u00eb nga serveri kryesor. <\/p>\n<p>P\u00ebrcaktimi i vendndodhjes s\u00eb sakt\u00eb t\u00eb nj\u00eb adrese IP t\u00eb caktuar nuk \u00ebsht\u00eb gjithmon\u00eb nj\u00eb detyr\u00eb e leht\u00eb: shum\u00eb faktor\u00eb ndodhin dhe pronar\u00ebt e grupeve t\u00eb adresave IP mund t\u00eb vendosin ta shpallin at\u00eb n\u00eb nj\u00eb cep tjet\u00ebr t\u00eb bot\u00ebs (at\u00ebher\u00eb do t\u00eb duhet t\u00eb prisni q\u00eb baza e t\u00eb dh\u00ebnave t\u00eb p\u00ebrdit\u00ebsohet p\u00ebr t\u00eb marr\u00eb vendndodhjen e sakt\u00eb). Nganj\u00ebher\u00eb, ofruesit e VPS-ve caktojn\u00eb adresa q\u00eb supozohen se jan\u00eb n\u00eb SHBA p\u00ebr VPS n\u00eb Singapor.<\/p>\n<p>P\u00ebr dallim nga p\u00ebrdorimi i adresave Anycast, shp\u00ebrndarja ndodh gjat\u00eb zgjidhjes s\u00eb emrave dhe jo gjat\u00eb lidhjes me serverin e ruajtjes. N\u00ebse serveri rekursiv nuk mb\u00ebshtet subnetet e klient\u00ebve EDNS, renditet vendndodhja e k\u00ebtij serveri rekursiv dhe jo e p\u00ebrdoruesit q\u00eb do t\u00eb lidheshin me serverin e ruajtjes.<\/p>\n<p>Subnetet e klient\u00ebve n\u00eb DNS jan\u00eb nj\u00eb zgjerim i DNS (RFC7871), i cili p\u00ebrcakton si server\u00ebt rekursiv\u00eb DNS mund t\u00eb d\u00ebrgojn\u00eb informacion mbi klientin te serveri DNS, ve\u00e7an\u00ebrisht informacionin mbi rrjetin q\u00eb serveri GeoDNS mund ta p\u00ebrdor\u00eb p\u00ebr t\u00eb p\u00ebrcaktuar m\u00eb sakt\u00ebsisht vendndodhjen e klientit.<\/p>\n<p>Shumica e njer\u00ebzve p\u00ebrdorin serverat DNS t\u00eb ofruesit t\u00eb tyre t\u00eb internetit ose server\u00eb DNS q\u00eb jan\u00eb gjeografikisht m\u00eb af\u00ebr tyre, por n\u00ebse dikush n\u00eb SHBA p\u00ebr ndonj\u00eb arsye vendos t\u00eb p\u00ebrdor\u00eb nj\u00eb rezolvues DNS t\u00eb vendosur n\u00eb Australi, ai sigurisht do t\u00eb marr\u00eb adres\u00ebn IP t\u00eb serverit m\u00eb t\u00eb af\u00ebrt me Australin\u00eb. <\/p>\n<p>N\u00ebse d\u00ebshirani t\u00eb p\u00ebrdorni GeoDNS, \u00ebsht\u00eb e r\u00ebnd\u00ebsishme t\u00eb dini p\u00ebr k\u00ebto ve\u00e7ori, pasi n\u00eb disa raste kjo mund t\u00eb rris\u00eb distanc\u00ebn midis server\u00ebve t\u00eb ruajtjes dhe klientit.<\/p>\n<p>P\u00ebrmbledhje: n\u00ebse d\u00ebshironi t\u00eb bashkoni disa VPS n\u00eb nj\u00eb CDN, opsioni m\u00eb i mir\u00eb p\u00ebr implementimin \u00ebsht\u00eb p\u00ebrdorimi i nj\u00eb kombinimi t\u00eb serverit DNS me funksionalitetin GeoDNS + Anycast \"nga kuti\".<\/p>\n<p><noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"http:\/\/ruvds.com\/ru-rub?utm_source=habr&amp;utm_medium=article&amp;utm_campaign=caplin&amp;utm_content=anycastvsunicast#order\"><img decoding=\"async\" alt=\"Anycast kundrejt Unicast: \u00e7far\u00eb \u00ebsht\u00eb m\u00eb mir\u00eb t\u00eb zgjidhni n\u00eb secilin rast\" src=\"\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/07\/73c6b0732883a352ddd9096804f2e533.png\" style=\"display:block;margin: 0 auto;\" \/><\/a><\/noindex><br \/>\n<br \/>Burimi: <a content=\"nofollow\" rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/habr.com\/ru\/company\/ruvds\/blog\/511050\/\">habr.com<\/a> <\/p>","protected":false,"gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"html"}]},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u041f\u0440\u043e Anycast \u043d\u0430\u0432\u0435\u0440\u043d\u044f\u043a\u0430 \u043c\u043d\u043e\u0433\u0438\u0435 \u0441\u043b\u044b\u0448\u0430\u043b\u0438. \u041f\u0440\u0438 \u044d\u0442\u043e\u043c \u043c\u0435\u0442\u043e\u0434\u0435 \u0441\u0435\u0442\u0435\u0432\u043e\u0439 \u0430\u0434\u0440\u0435\u0441\u0430\u0446\u0438\u0438 \u0438 \u043c\u0430\u0440\u0448\u0440\u0443\u0442\u0438\u0437\u0430\u0446\u0438\u0438 \u043e\u0434\u0438\u043d IP-\u0430\u0434\u0440\u0435\u0441 \u043f\u0440\u0438\u0441\u0432\u0430\u0438\u0432\u0430\u0435\u0442\u0441\u044f \u043d\u0435\u0441\u043a\u043e\u043b\u044c\u043a\u0438\u043c \u0441\u0435\u0440\u0432\u0435\u0440\u0430\u043c \u0432 \u0441\u0435\u0442\u0438. \u042d\u0442\u0438 \u0441\u0435\u0440\u0432\u0435\u0440\u044b \u043c\u043e\u0433\u0443\u0442 \u043d\u0430\u0445\u043e\u0434\u0438\u0442\u044c\u0441\u044f \u0434\u0430\u0436\u0435 \u0432 \u0443\u0434\u0430\u043b\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u0434\u0440\u0443\u0433 \u043e\u0442 \u0434\u0440\u0443\u0433\u0430 \u0426\u041e\u0414. \u0418\u0434\u0435\u044f Anycast \u0432 \u0442\u043e\u043c, \u0447\u0442\u043e, \u0432 \u0437\u0430\u0432\u0438\u0441\u0438\u043c\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0438 \u043e\u0442 \u043c\u0435\u0441\u0442\u043e\u043f\u043e\u043b\u043e\u0436\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f \u0438\u0441\u0442\u043e\u0447\u043d\u0438\u043a\u0430 \u0437\u0430\u043f\u0440\u043e\u0441\u043e\u0432, \u0434\u0430\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u043e\u0442\u043f\u0440\u0430\u0432\u043b\u044f\u044e\u0442\u0441\u044f \u043d\u0430 \u0431\u043b\u0438\u0436\u0430\u0439\u0448\u0438\u0439 (\u0441\u043e\u0433\u043b\u0430\u0441\u043d\u043e \u0442\u043e\u043f\u043e\u043b\u043e\u0433\u0438\u0438 \u0441\u0435\u0442\u0438, \u0442\u043e\u0447\u043d\u0435\u0435 \u2014 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0442\u043e\u043a\u043e\u043b\u0430 \u043c\u0430\u0440\u0448\u0440\u0443\u0442\u0438\u0437\u0430\u0446\u0438\u0438 BGP) \u0441\u0435\u0440\u0432\u0435\u0440. \u0422\u0430\u043a\u0438\u043c [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false,"gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"html"}]},"author":1,"featured_media":88962,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[688],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-88961","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-administrirovanie"],"aioseo_notices":[],"aioseo_head":"\n\t\t<!-- All in One SEO 5.0.0.1 - 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Me k\u00ebt\u00eb metod\u00eb t\u00eb adresimit dhe rrug\u00ebzimit n\u00eb rrjet, nj\u00eb IP adres\u00eb i jepet disa serverave n\u00eb rrjet. K\u00ebta server\u00eb mund t\u00eb ndodhen edhe n\u00eb qendra t\u00eb dh\u00ebnash q\u00eb jan\u00eb t\u00eb larg\u00ebta nga nj\u00ebri-tjetri.","canonical_url":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/sq\/blog\/administrirovanie\/anycast-protiv-unicast-chto-luchshe-vybirat-v-kazhdom-sluchae","robots":"max-image-preview:large","keywords":"","webmasterTools":{"miscellaneous":""},"schema":null,"og:locale":"sq_AL","og:site_name":"ProHoster | \u041a\u0443\u043f\u0438\u0442\u044c \u043d\u0430\u0434\u0435\u0436\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u0445\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0438\u043d\u0433 \u0434\u043b\u044f \u0441\u0430\u0439\u0442\u043e\u0432 \u0441 \u0437\u0430\u0449\u0438\u0442\u043e\u0439 \u043e\u0442 DDoS, VPS VDS \u0441\u0435\u0440\u0432\u0435\u0440\u044b","og:type":"article","og:title":"\ud83e\udd47Anycast \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0442\u0438\u0432 Unicast: \u0447\u0442\u043e \u043b\u0443\u0447\u0448\u0435 \u0432\u044b\u0431\u0438\u0440\u0430\u0442\u044c \u0432 \u043a\u0430\u0436\u0434\u043e\u043c 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