{"id":88961,"date":"2020-07-16T19:42:34","date_gmt":"2020-07-16T17:42:34","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/blog\/administrirovanie\/anycast-protiv-unicast-chto-luchshe-vybirat-v-kazhdom-sluchae"},"modified":"2020-07-16T19:42:34","modified_gmt":"2020-07-16T17:42:34","slug":"anycast-protiv-unicast-chto-luchshe-vybirat-v-kazhdom-sluchae","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/sq\/blog\/administrirovanie\/anycast-protiv-unicast-chto-luchshe-vybirat-v-kazhdom-sluchae","title":{"rendered":"Anycast kund\u00ebr Unicast: \u00e7far\u00eb duhet t\u00eb zgjidhni n\u00eb \u00e7do rast","gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"text"}]},"content":{"rendered":"<p>Mund t\u00eb ket\u00eb shum\u00eb njer\u00ebz q\u00eb kan\u00eb d\u00ebgjuar p\u00ebr Anycast. Me k\u00ebt\u00eb metod\u00eb t\u00eb adresimit dhe ruterizimit t\u00eb rrjetit, nj\u00eb IP adres\u00eb i jepet disa server\u00ebve n\u00eb rrjet. K\u00ebta server\u00eb mund t\u00eb ndodhen edhe n\u00eb Qendrat e t\u00eb Dh\u00ebnave q\u00eb jan\u00eb larg nj\u00ebri-tjetrit. Ideja e Anycast \u00ebsht\u00eb q\u00eb, n\u00eb var\u00ebsi t\u00eb vendndodhjes s\u00eb burimit t\u00eb k\u00ebrkesave, t\u00eb dh\u00ebnat d\u00ebrgohen n\u00eb serverin m\u00eb t\u00eb af\u00ebrt (sipas topologjis\u00eb s\u00eb rrjetit, sakt\u00ebsisht - protokollit t\u00eb ruterizimit BGP). K\u00ebshtu mund t\u00eb reduktohet numri i kalimeve n\u00eb rrjet (hop) dhe vonesa (latency). <\/p>\n<p>N\u00eb thelb, shpallet nj\u00eb rrug\u00eb e nj\u00ebjt\u00eb nga disa qendra t\u00eb t\u00eb dh\u00ebnave n\u00eb t\u00eb gjith\u00eb bot\u00ebn. K\u00ebshtu q\u00eb klient\u00ebt do t\u00eb d\u00ebrgohen n\u00eb qendr\u00ebn e t\u00eb dh\u00ebnave m\u00eb 't\u00eb mir\u00eb' dhe m\u00eb 't\u00eb af\u00ebrt' sipas rrug\u00ebve BGP. Pse at\u00ebher\u00eb sapo Anycast? Pse t\u00eb p\u00ebrdorim Anycast n\u00eb vend t\u00eb Unicast?<\/p>\n<p><noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/habr.com\/ru\/company\/ruvds\/blog\/511050\/\"><img decoding=\"async\" alt=\"Anycast kund\u00ebr Unicast: \u00e7far\u00eb duhet t\u00eb zgjidhni n\u00eb \u00e7do rast\" src=\"\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/07\/6573f1e2d39d783575348734518c4bae.png\" style=\"display:block;margin: 0 auto;\" \/><\/a><\/noindex><noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" name=\"habracut\"><\/a><\/noindex><br \/>\nUnicast do t\u00eb ishte n\u00eb t\u00eb v\u00ebrtet\u00eb i p\u00ebrshtatsh\u00ebm p\u00ebr nj\u00eb faqe me nj\u00eb server web dhe volum t\u00eb moderuar t\u00eb trafikut. Megjithat\u00eb, n\u00ebse sh\u00ebrbimi ka miliona abonent\u00eb, zakonisht p\u00ebrdor shum\u00eb server\u00eb web, secili me t\u00eb nj\u00ebjt\u00ebn IP adres\u00eb. K\u00ebta server\u00eb jan\u00eb shp\u00ebrndar\u00eb gjeografikisht p\u00ebr sh\u00ebrbim optimal t\u00eb k\u00ebrkesave.<\/p>\n<p>N\u00eb nj\u00eb skenar t\u00eb till\u00eb, Anycast do t\u00eb ofronte p\u00ebrmir\u00ebsim t\u00eb performanc\u00ebs (trafiku d\u00ebrgohet te p\u00ebrdoruesi me vones\u00ebn m\u00eb t\u00eb vog\u00ebl), do t\u00eb siguroj\u00eb q\u00ebndrueshm\u00ebri t\u00eb sh\u00ebrbimit (fal\u00eb server\u00ebve rezerv\u00eb) dhe balancim t\u00eb ngarkes\u00ebs - ruterizimi n\u00ebp\u00ebr disa server\u00eb do t\u00eb shp\u00ebrndaj\u00eb n\u00eb m\u00ebnyr\u00eb efektive ngarkes\u00ebn midis tyre, duke p\u00ebrmir\u00ebsuar shpejt\u00ebsin\u00eb e funksionimit t\u00eb faqes.<\/p>\n<p>Ooperator\u00ebt ofrojn\u00eb klient\u00ebve lloje t\u00eb ndryshme t\u00eb balancimit t\u00eb ngarkes\u00ebs duke p\u00ebrdorur Anycast dhe DNS. Klient\u00ebt mund t\u00eb specifikojn\u00eb adresat IP n\u00eb t\u00eb cilat do t\u00eb d\u00ebrgohen k\u00ebrkesat n\u00eb var\u00ebsi t\u00eb vendndodhjes gjeografike t\u00eb faqes. Kjo ofron mund\u00ebsin\u00eb p\u00ebr t\u00eb shp\u00ebrndar\u00eb k\u00ebrkesat e p\u00ebrdoruesve m\u00eb fleksib\u00ebl.<\/p>\n<p>Le t\u00eb supozojm\u00eb se ka disa lokacione, midis t\u00eb cilave duhet t\u00eb shp\u00ebrndahen ngarkesat (p\u00ebrdoruesit), p\u00ebr shembull, nj\u00eb dyqan online me 100,000 k\u00ebrkesa n\u00eb dit\u00eb ose nj\u00eb blog t\u00eb njohur. P\u00ebr t\u00eb kufizuar rajonin, nga i cili p\u00ebrdoruesit hyjn\u00eb n\u00eb nj\u00eb lokacion specifik, mund t\u00eb shfryt\u00ebzohet opsioni Geo Community. Kjo lejon kufizimin e rajonit, brenda t\u00eb cilit operatori do t\u00eb shpall\u00eb rrug\u00ebn.<\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" alt=\"Anycast kund\u00ebr Unicast: \u00e7far\u00eb duhet t\u00eb zgjidhni n\u00eb \u00e7do rast\" src=\"\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/07\/54582f256a946a3ff557ab971cec087d.png\" style=\"display:block;margin: 0 auto;\" \/><\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" alt=\"Anycast kund\u00ebr Unicast: \u00e7far\u00eb duhet t\u00eb zgjidhni n\u00eb \u00e7do rast\" src=\"\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/07\/48849a5cf65cb1c7190c1f75aa33e2d8.png\" style=\"display:block;margin: 0 auto;\" \/><br \/>\n<i>Anycast dhe Unicast: dallimet<\/i><\/p>\n<p>Anycast shpesh p\u00ebrdoret n\u00eb aplikacione si DNS (sistemi i emrave t\u00eb domaineve) dhe CDN (rrjetet e shp\u00ebrndarjes s\u00eb p\u00ebrmbajtjes), duke lejuar marrjen e vendimeve mbi ruterimin q\u00eb p\u00ebrmir\u00ebsojn\u00eb performanc\u00ebn e rrjetit. Rrjetet e shp\u00ebrndarjes s\u00eb p\u00ebrmbajtjes p\u00ebrdorin Anycast, pasi p\u00ebrballen me volume t\u00eb m\u00ebdha trafiku, dhe Anycast ofron disa avantazhe n\u00eb k\u00ebt\u00eb rast (p\u00ebr t\u00eb cilat do t\u00eb flasim m\u00eb posht\u00eb). N\u00eb DNS, Anycast lejon nj\u00eb p\u00ebrmir\u00ebsim t\u00eb konsideruesh\u00ebm t\u00eb nivelit t\u00eb q\u00ebndrueshm\u00ebris\u00eb dhe disponueshm\u00ebris\u00eb s\u00eb sh\u00ebrbimit.<\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" alt=\"Anycast kund\u00ebr Unicast: \u00e7far\u00eb duhet t\u00eb zgjidhni n\u00eb \u00e7do rast\" src=\"\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/07\/8043fec22ecef8aa2b3b9c1a06e8f5f9.png\" style=\"display:block;margin: 0 auto;\" \/><br \/>\n<i>N\u00eb Anycast IP, kur p\u00ebrdoret BGP, ka disa rute p\u00ebr nj\u00eb host t\u00eb caktuar. N\u00eb t\u00eb v\u00ebrtet\u00eb, k\u00ebto jan\u00eb kopje t\u00eb hosteve n\u00eb disa qendra t\u00eb p\u00ebrpunimit t\u00eb t\u00eb dh\u00ebnave, t\u00eb p\u00ebrdorura p\u00ebr t\u00eb krijuar lidhje me vonesa m\u00eb t\u00eb ul\u00ebta.<\/i><\/p>\n<p>Pra, n\u00eb rrjetin Anycast, t\u00eb nj\u00ebjtin IP shpallet nga vende t\u00eb ndryshme, dhe rrjeti vendos se ku t\u00eb d\u00ebrgoj\u00eb k\u00ebrkes\u00ebn e p\u00ebrdoruesit duke u bazuar n\u00eb \"kostot\" e rutes. P\u00ebr shembull, shpesh p\u00ebrdoret protokolli BGP p\u00ebr t\u00eb p\u00ebrcaktuar rrug\u00ebn m\u00eb t\u00eb shkurt\u00ebr t\u00eb transferimit t\u00eb t\u00eb dh\u00ebnave. Kur p\u00ebrdoruesi d\u00ebrgon nj\u00eb k\u00ebrkes\u00eb Anycast, BGP p\u00ebrcakton rrug\u00ebn m\u00eb t\u00eb mir\u00eb p\u00ebr server\u00ebt e disponuesh\u00ebm n\u00eb rrjetin Anycast.<\/p>\n<h2>Avantazhet e Anycast<\/h2>\n<p>Ulja e vonesave<br \/>\nSistemet me Anycast jan\u00eb n\u00eb gjendje t\u00eb reduktojn\u00eb vones\u00ebn n\u00eb p\u00ebrpunimin e k\u00ebrkesave t\u00eb p\u00ebrdoruesve, pasi lejojn\u00eb marrjen e t\u00eb dh\u00ebnave nga serveri m\u00eb i af\u00ebrt. Kjo do t\u00eb thot\u00eb se p\u00ebrdoruesit do t\u00eb lidhen gjithmon\u00eb me serverin DNS \"m\u00eb t\u00eb af\u00ebrt\" (n\u00eb terma t\u00eb protokollit t\u00eb ruterimit). Si rezultat, Anycast zvog\u00eblon koh\u00ebn e nd\u00ebrveprimit duke ulur distanc\u00ebn rrjetore midis klientit dhe serverit. Kjo jo vet\u00ebm q\u00eb zvog\u00eblon vones\u00ebn, por gjithashtu siguron balancimin e ngarkes\u00ebs.<\/p>\n<p>Shpejt\u00ebsia<\/p>\n<p>Pasi trafiku drejtohet n\u00eb nyj\u00ebn m\u00eb t\u00eb af\u00ebrt, dhe vonesa n\u00eb transferimin e t\u00eb dh\u00ebnave nd\u00ebrmjet klientit dhe nyj\u00ebs zvog\u00eblohet, rezultati do t\u00eb jet\u00eb optimizimi i shpejt\u00ebsis\u00eb s\u00eb dor\u00ebzimit, pavar\u00ebsisht nga vendi ku klienti e k\u00ebrkon informacionin.<\/p>\n<p>Stabilitet i rritur dhe q\u00ebndrueshm\u00ebri<\/p>\n<p>N\u00ebse disa server\u00eb n\u00eb t\u00eb gjith\u00eb globin p\u00ebrdorin t\u00eb nj\u00ebjtin IP, at\u00ebher\u00eb n\u00eb rast t\u00eb d\u00ebshtimit t\u00eb nj\u00ebrit nga server\u00ebt ose ndalimit t\u00eb tij, trafiku do t\u00eb ridrejtohet n\u00eb serverin m\u00eb t\u00eb af\u00ebrt. Si rezultat, Anycast e b\u00ebn sh\u00ebrbimin m\u00eb t\u00eb q\u00ebndruesh\u00ebm dhe siguron akses m\u00eb t\u00eb mir\u00eb n\u00eb rrjet\/vones\u00eb\/shpejt\u00ebsi.\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>K\u00ebshtu, fal\u00eb pranis\u00eb s\u00eb disa server\u00ebve, t\u00eb cil\u00ebt jan\u00eb gjithmon\u00eb t\u00eb aksesuesh\u00ebm p\u00ebr p\u00ebrdoruesit, Anycast, p\u00ebr shembull, rrit stabilitetin e funksionimit t\u00eb DNS. N\u00eb rast t\u00eb d\u00ebshtimit t\u00eb nj\u00eb nyje, k\u00ebrkesat e p\u00ebrdoruesve do t\u00eb ridrejtohen n\u00eb nj\u00eb server tjet\u00ebr DNS pa ndonj\u00eb nd\u00ebrhyrje ose p\u00ebrshtatje manuale. Anycast siguron kalimin thuajse t\u00eb p\u00ebrhersh\u00ebm n\u00eb faqe t\u00eb tjera, duke hequr thjesht rrug\u00ebt e faqes problematike.\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>Balancimi i ngarkes\u00ebs<\/p>\n<p>N\u00eb sistemin Anycast, trafiku rrjetor shp\u00ebrndahet n\u00ebp\u00ebr server\u00eb t\u00eb ndrysh\u00ebm. K\u00ebshtu, ai funksionon si nj\u00eb balancues ngarkese, duke parandalur q\u00eb \u00e7do server i vet\u00ebm t\u00eb marr\u00eb shumic\u00ebn e trafikut. Balancimi i ngarkes\u00ebs mund t\u00eb p\u00ebrdoret, p\u00ebr shembull, kur n\u00eb t\u00eb nj\u00ebjtin distanc\u00eb geografin\u00eb nga burimi i k\u00ebrkesave ndodhen disa nyje rrjeti. N\u00eb k\u00ebt\u00eb rast, ngarkesa shp\u00ebrndahet midis nyjeve.<\/p>\n<p>Reducimi i ndikimit t\u00eb sulmeve DoS\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>Nj\u00eb ve\u00e7ori tjet\u00ebr e Anycast \u00ebsht\u00eb q\u00ebndrueshm\u00ebria ndaj DDoS. Sulmet DDoS do ta kishin t\u00eb v\u00ebshtir\u00eb p\u00ebr t\u00eb d\u00ebshtuar sistemin Anycast, pasi do t\u00eb duhej t\u00eb mbulonin me nj\u00eb val\u00eb k\u00ebrkesash t\u00eb gjitha server\u00ebt n\u00eb at\u00eb rrjet.\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>N\u00eb sulmet DDoS, shpesh p\u00ebrdoren botnet, t\u00eb cilat mund t\u00eb gjenerojn\u00eb nj\u00eb volum t\u00eb till\u00eb trafiku sa e mbingarkojn\u00eb serverin e sulmuar. Avantazhi i p\u00ebrdorimit t\u00eb Anycast n\u00eb k\u00ebt\u00eb situat\u00eb \u00ebsht\u00eb se \u00e7do server \u00ebsht\u00eb n\u00eb gjendje t\u00eb \"p\u00ebrballoj\u00eb\" nj\u00eb pjes\u00eb t\u00eb sulmit, gj\u00eb q\u00eb zvog\u00eblon ngarkes\u00ebn mbi serverin konkret. Nj\u00eb sulm i tipit \"refuzimi p\u00ebr sh\u00ebrbim\" do t\u00eb localized n\u00eb server dhe nuk do t\u00eb ndikoj\u00eb n\u00eb t\u00eb gjith\u00eb sh\u00ebrbimin.<\/p>\n<p>Shkall\u00ebzueshm\u00ebri horizontale e lart\u00eb<\/p>\n<p>Sistemet Anycast jan\u00eb shum\u00eb t\u00eb p\u00ebrshtatshme p\u00ebr sh\u00ebrbime me volumen t\u00eb madh trafiku. N\u00ebse nj\u00eb sh\u00ebrbim q\u00eb p\u00ebrdor Anycast ka nevoj\u00eb p\u00ebr server\u00eb t\u00eb rinj p\u00ebr t\u00eb p\u00ebrpunuar trafikun n\u00eb rritje, mund t\u00eb shtohen server\u00eb t\u00eb rinj n\u00eb rrjet p\u00ebr ta p\u00ebrpunuar at\u00eb. Ato mund t\u00eb vendosen n\u00eb vende t\u00eb reja ose n\u00eb vende ekzistuese.\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>N\u00ebse n\u00eb nj\u00eb vend t\u00eb caktuar v\u00ebrehet nj\u00eb rritje e madhe e trafikut, shtimi i nj\u00eb serveri do t\u00eb ndihmoj\u00eb p\u00ebr t\u00eb balancuar ngarkes\u00ebn p\u00ebr at\u00eb platform\u00eb. Shtimi i nj\u00eb serveri n\u00eb nj\u00eb platform\u00eb t\u00eb re do t\u00eb ndihmoj\u00eb n\u00eb reduktimin e koh\u00ebs s\u00eb pritjes, duke krijuar p\u00ebr disa p\u00ebrdorues nj\u00eb rruge t\u00eb re m\u00eb t\u00eb shkurt\u00ebr. T\u00eb dy m\u00ebnyrat ndihmojn\u00eb gjithashtu n\u00eb rritjen e stabilitetit t\u00eb sh\u00ebrbimit, pasi n\u00eb rrjet b\u00ebhen t\u00eb disponueshme servera t\u00eb rinj. K\u00ebshtu, n\u00ebse nj\u00eb server \u00ebsht\u00eb i ngarkuar, thjesht mund t\u00eb vendoset nj\u00eb tjet\u00ebr n\u00eb at\u00eb vend, q\u00eb do ta mund\u00ebsoj\u00eb t\u00eb pranoj\u00eb nj\u00eb pjes\u00eb t\u00eb k\u00ebrkesave t\u00eb serverit t\u00eb ngarkuar. Nuk do t\u00eb nevojitet asnj\u00eb konfigurim nga ana e klient\u00ebve.\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>Vet\u00ebm n\u00eb k\u00ebt\u00eb m\u00ebnyr\u00eb \u00ebsht\u00eb e mundur t\u00eb sh\u00ebrbehen terabite t\u00eb trafikut dhe nj\u00eb num\u00ebr shum\u00eb t\u00eb madh p\u00ebrdoruesish, kur n\u00eb server ka vet\u00ebm disa porte 10 ose 25 Gbit\/s. 100 hoste me nj\u00eb IP adres\u00eb do t'i japin mund\u00ebsin\u00eb t\u00eb p\u00ebrpunojn\u00eb volumin terabite t\u00eb trafikut.<\/p>\n<p>Thjesht\u00ebsia e menaxhimit t\u00eb konfiguracionit<\/p>\n<p>Si\u00e7 u p\u00ebrmend m\u00eb par\u00eb, nj\u00eb p\u00ebrdorim interesant i Anycast \u00ebsht\u00eb DNS. Mund t\u00eb vendosen disa servera t\u00eb ndrysh\u00ebm DNS n\u00eb nyjat e rrjetit, por t\u00eb p\u00ebrdoret vet\u00ebm nj\u00eb adres\u00eb DNS. N\u00eb var\u00ebsi t\u00eb asaj se ku ndodhet burimi, k\u00ebrkesat drejtohen tek nyja m\u00eb e af\u00ebrt. Kjo siguron nj\u00eb balancim t\u00eb caktuar t\u00eb trafikut dhe tep\u00ebrsi n\u00eb rast t\u00eb d\u00ebshtimit t\u00eb serverit DNS. K\u00ebshtu, n\u00eb vend q\u00eb t\u00eb konfigurohet servera t\u00eb ndrysh\u00ebm DNS n\u00eb var\u00ebsi t\u00eb vendndodhjes s\u00eb tyre, konfigurimi i nj\u00eb serveri DNS mund t\u00eb shp\u00ebrndahet n\u00eb t\u00eb gjitha nyjat.<\/p>\n<p>Rrjetet Anycast mund t\u00eb konfigurohen p\u00ebr t\u00eb drejtuar k\u00ebrkesat jo vet\u00ebm n\u00eb baz\u00eb t\u00eb distanc\u00ebs, por gjithashtu sipas parametrave si disponueshm\u00ebria e serverit, numri i lidhjeve t\u00eb vendosura, ose koha e p\u00ebrgjigjes.<\/p>\n<p>P\u00ebr t\u00eb p\u00ebrdorur teknologjin\u00eb Anycast nga ana e klientit nuk nevojiten servera, rrjete ose komponent\u00eb t\u00eb ve\u00e7ant\u00eb. Por Anycast ka edhe disavantazhe. Mendohet se zbatimi i tij \u00ebsht\u00eb nj\u00eb detyr\u00eb e nd\u00ebrlikuar, q\u00eb k\u00ebrkon pajisje shtes\u00eb, ofrues t\u00eb besuesh\u00ebm dhe rrug\u00ebzim t\u00eb sakt\u00eb t\u00eb trafikut.<\/p>\n<h2>Nga burimi i past\u00ebr n\u00eb nj\u00eb larg\u00ebsi t\u00eb bukur<\/h2>\n<p>\nMegjith\u00ebse Anycast drejton p\u00ebrdoruesit n\u00eb baz\u00eb t\u00eb numrit m\u00eb t\u00eb vog\u00ebl t\u00eb kalimeve, kjo nuk do t\u00eb thot\u00eb domosdoshm\u00ebrisht vones\u00eb minimale. Vonesat jan\u00eb nj\u00eb metrik\u00eb m\u00eb t\u00eb komplikuar, pasi nj\u00eb kalim mund t\u00eb ket\u00eb m\u00eb shum\u00eb vones\u00eb se dhjet\u00eb kalime. <\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" alt=\"Anycast kund\u00ebr Unicast: \u00e7far\u00eb duhet t\u00eb zgjidhni n\u00eb \u00e7do rast\" src=\"\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/07\/8fb50007806759ab243c89bb88cdeb31.png\" style=\"display:block;margin: 0 auto;\" \/><br \/>\n<i>Shembuj: komunikimet nd\u00ebrkontinentale mund t\u00eb p\u00ebrfshijn\u00eb nj\u00eb kalim me vones\u00eb shum\u00eb t\u00eb lart\u00eb.<\/i><\/p>\n<p>Anycast p\u00ebrdoret kryesisht p\u00ebr sh\u00ebrbime q\u00eb bazohen n\u00eb UDP, si DNS. K\u00ebrkesat e p\u00ebrdoruesve drejtohen n\u00eb 'Qendr\u00ebn e t\u00eb Dh\u00ebnave m\u00eb t\u00eb mir\u00eb' dhe 'm\u00eb t\u00eb af\u00ebrt' n\u00eb baz\u00eb t\u00eb rrug\u00ebve BGP. <\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" alt=\"Anycast kund\u00ebr Unicast: \u00e7far\u00eb duhet t\u00eb zgjidhni n\u00eb \u00e7do rast\" src=\"\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/07\/05a1b75b981d55967e44e3b90cfd88b9.png\" style=\"display:block;margin: 0 auto;\" \/><br \/>\n<i>Shembuj: nj\u00eb stacion pune DNS-klienti me adres\u00ebn IP Anycast DNS 123.10.10.10, kryen zgjidhjen DNS p\u00ebr serverin m\u00eb t\u00eb af\u00ebrt nga tre servera t\u00eb emrave DNS t\u00eb vendosur duke p\u00ebrdorur t\u00eb nj\u00ebjt\u00ebn adres\u00eb IP Anycast. N\u00eb rast t\u00eb d\u00ebshtimit t\u00eb router R1 ose serverit A, paketat DNS-klienti do t\u00eb ridrejtohen automatikisht n\u00eb serverin tjet\u00ebr m\u00eb t\u00eb af\u00ebrt DNS p\u00ebrmes router\u00ebve R2 dhe R3. Gjithashtu, rruga p\u00ebr serverin ton\u00eb A do t\u00eb hiqet nga tabelat e routingut, q\u00eb do t\u00eb parandaloj\u00eb p\u00ebrdorimin e m\u00ebtejsh\u00ebm t\u00eb k\u00ebtij serveri t\u00eb emrave.<\/i><\/p>\n<h2>Scenar\u00ebt e vendosjes<\/h2>\n<p>\nEkzistojn\u00eb dy skema t\u00eb zakonshme q\u00eb p\u00ebrdoren p\u00ebr t\u00eb p\u00ebrcaktuar se cili server lidhet me p\u00ebrdoruesin:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><b>Anycast n\u00eb nivelin e rrjetit<\/b>. Lidhet p\u00ebrdoruesi me serverin m\u00eb t\u00eb af\u00ebrt. K\u00ebtu rruga n\u00eb rrjet nga p\u00ebrdoruesi n\u00eb server \u00ebsht\u00eb e r\u00ebnd\u00ebsishme.<\/li>\n<li><b>Anycast n\u00eb nivelin e aplikacionit<\/b>. N\u00eb k\u00ebt\u00eb skem\u00eb ka m\u00eb shum\u00eb metrika t\u00eb llogaritura, duke p\u00ebrfshir\u00eb disponueshm\u00ebrin\u00eb e serverit, koh\u00ebn e p\u00ebrgjigjes, numrin e lidhjeve etj. Kjo varet nga nj\u00eb monitor t\u00eb jasht\u00ebm q\u00eb ofron statistika mbi rrjetin.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><\/p>\n<h2>CDN e bazuar n\u00eb Anycast<\/h2>\n<p>\nTani, le t\u00eb kthehemi te p\u00ebrdorimi i Anycast n\u00eb rrjetet e shp\u00ebrndarjes s\u00eb p\u00ebrmbajtjes. Anycast, padyshim, \u00ebsht\u00eb nj\u00eb koncept interesant n\u00eb rrjet dhe po fiton gjithnj\u00eb e m\u00eb shum\u00eb njohje nga ofruesit e CDN-ve t\u00eb brezit t\u00eb ri.<\/p>\n<p>CDN \u00ebsht\u00eb nj\u00eb rrjet i shp\u00ebrndar\u00eb serverash q\u00eb ofrojn\u00eb p\u00ebrmbajtje p\u00ebr p\u00ebrdoruesit final\u00eb me disponueshm\u00ebri t\u00eb lart\u00eb dhe vones\u00eb t\u00eb ul\u00ebt. Rrjetet e shp\u00ebrndarjes s\u00eb p\u00ebrmbajtjes luajn\u00eb nj\u00eb rol t\u00eb r\u00ebnd\u00ebsish\u00ebm sot, duke qen\u00eb baza e shum\u00eb sh\u00ebrbimeve online multimediale, dhe konsumator\u00ebt jan\u00eb gjithnj\u00eb e m\u00eb pak tolerant\u00eb ndaj shpejt\u00ebsive t\u00eb ngadalta t\u00eb ngarkes\u00ebs. Aplikacionet p\u00ebr video dhe z\u00eb jan\u00eb ve\u00e7an\u00ebrisht t\u00eb ndjeshme ndaj gjitterit dhe vones\u00ebs n\u00eb rrjet. <\/p>\n<p>CDN bashkon t\u00eb gjitha server\u00ebt n\u00eb nj\u00eb rrjet t\u00eb vet\u00ebm dhe siguron ngarkim m\u00eb t\u00eb shpejt\u00eb t\u00eb p\u00ebrmbajtjes. Ndonj\u00ebher\u00eb \u00ebsht\u00eb e mundur t\u00eb reduktohet koha e pritjes p\u00ebr p\u00ebrdoruesin me 5-6 sekonda. Q\u00ebllimi i CDN \u00ebsht\u00eb optimizimi i shp\u00ebrndarjes duke ofruar p\u00ebrmbajtjen nga serveri q\u00eb \u00ebsht\u00eb m\u00eb af\u00ebr p\u00ebrdoruesit p\u00ebrfundimtar. Kjo \u00ebsht\u00eb shum\u00eb e ngjashme me Anycast, ku zgjidhet serveri m\u00eb i af\u00ebrt n\u00eb var\u00ebsi t\u00eb vendndodhjes s\u00eb p\u00ebrdoruesit p\u00ebrfundimtar. Duket se \u00e7do ofrues sh\u00ebrbimesh CDN do t\u00eb p\u00ebrdor\u00eb Anycast si parazgjedhje, por n\u00eb t\u00eb v\u00ebrtet\u00eb kjo nuk \u00ebsht\u00eb e v\u00ebrtet\u00eb.<\/p>\n<p>Aplikacionet q\u00eb p\u00ebrdorin protokolle si HTTP\/TCP mb\u00ebshteten n\u00eb krijimin e nj\u00eb lidhjeje. N\u00ebse zgjidhet nj\u00eb nyje e re Anycast (p\u00ebr shembull, n\u00eb rast t\u00eb d\u00ebshtimit t\u00eb serverit), sh\u00ebrbimi mund t\u00eb nd\u00ebrpritet. Prandaj, Anycast rekomandohej m\u00eb par\u00eb p\u00ebr sh\u00ebrbime pa krijim lidhjeje si UDP dhe DNS. Megjithat\u00eb, Anycast funksionon mir\u00eb edhe p\u00ebr protokollet me orientim lidhjeje, p\u00ebr shembull, TCP funksionon shk\u00eblqyesh\u00ebm n\u00eb modalitetin Anycast.<\/p>\n<p>Disa ofrues CDN aplikojn\u00eb \u043c\u0430\u0440\u0448\u0440\u0443\u0442\u0438\u0437\u0430\u0446\u0438\u044f\u043b\u044b\u049b bazuar n\u00eb Anycast, t\u00eb tjer\u00ebt preferojn\u00eb \u043c\u0430\u0440\u0448\u0440\u0443\u0442\u0438\u0437\u0430\u0446\u0438\u043e\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0439 bazuar n\u00eb DNS: serveri m\u00eb i af\u00ebrt zgjidhet n\u00eb var\u00ebsi t\u00eb vendndodhjes s\u00eb serverit DNS t\u00eb p\u00ebrdoruesit.<\/p>\n<p>Infrastrukturat hibride dhe infrastrukturat me disa qendra t\u00eb t\u00eb dh\u00ebnave jan\u00eb nj\u00eb shembull tjet\u00ebr i p\u00ebrdorimit t\u00eb Anycast. Adresa Load Balancing IP e marr\u00eb nga ofruesi lejon shp\u00ebrndarjen e ngarkes\u00ebs midis IP-ve t\u00eb sh\u00ebrbimeve t\u00eb ndryshme t\u00eb klient\u00ebve n\u00eb Qendr\u00ebn e T\u00eb Dh\u00ebnave t\u00eb ofruesit. Fal\u00eb teknologjis\u00eb s\u00eb adresimit t\u00eb cil\u00ebsdo pajisje, kjo siguron performanc\u00eb m\u00eb t\u00eb mir\u00eb n\u00ebn ngarkes\u00eb t\u00eb madhe, q\u00ebndrueshm\u00ebri ndaj d\u00ebshtimit dhe ndihmon n\u00eb optimizimin e koh\u00ebs s\u00eb p\u00ebrgjigjes p\u00ebr numrin e madh t\u00eb p\u00ebrdoruesve.<\/p>\n<p>N\u00eb infrastrukturen hibride me disa qendra t\u00eb t\u00eb dh\u00ebnave, mund t\u00eb shp\u00ebrndahet trafiku midis server\u00ebve ose madje edhe makinave virtuale n\u00eb server\u00eb t\u00eb dedikuar.<\/p>\n<p>K\u00ebshtu, ekziston nj\u00eb gam\u00eb e gjer\u00eb zgjidhjesh teknike p\u00ebr nd\u00ebrtimin e infrastruktura. Mund t\u00eb konfigurohet gjithashtu balancimi i ngarkes\u00ebs sipas IP-ve n\u00eb disa qendra t\u00eb t\u00eb dh\u00ebnave, duke p\u00ebrdorur adresimin p\u00ebr \u00e7do pajisje t\u00eb grupit p\u00ebr t\u00eb optimizuar funksionimin e faqes.<\/p>\n<p>\u00cbsht\u00eb e mundur t\u00eb shp\u00ebrndahen trafiku n\u00eb p\u00ebrputhje me rregullat e veta, duke caktuar \"pesh\u00ebn\" e \u00e7do serveri t\u00eb shp\u00ebrndar\u00eb n\u00eb \u00e7do Qend\u00ebr t\u00eb Dh\u00ebnash. Kjo konfigurim \u00ebsht\u00eb ve\u00e7an\u00ebrisht e dobishme kur ka nj\u00eb park server\u00ebsh t\u00eb shp\u00ebrndar\u00eb dhe performanca e sh\u00ebrbimeve nuk \u00ebsht\u00eb e nj\u00ebjt\u00eb. Kjo do t\u00eb lejoj\u00eb shp\u00ebrndarjen m\u00eb t\u00eb shpesht\u00eb t\u00eb trafikut p\u00ebr t\u00eb rritur performanc\u00ebn e server\u00ebve.<\/p>\n<p>P\u00ebr t\u00eb krijuar nj\u00eb sistem kontrolli me komand\u00ebn ping, ka mund\u00ebsi p\u00ebr t\u00eb konfiguruar sondat. Kjo i lejon administratori t\u00eb p\u00ebrcaktoj\u00eb procedurat e saj t\u00eb kontrollit dhe t\u00eb marr\u00eb nj\u00eb pasqyr\u00eb m\u00eb t\u00eb qart\u00eb t\u00eb gjendjes s\u00eb \u00e7do komponente n\u00eb infrastruktur\u00eb. N\u00eb k\u00ebt\u00eb m\u00ebnyr\u00eb, mund t\u00eb p\u00ebrcaktohen kriteret e disponueshm\u00ebris\u00eb.<\/p>\n<p>Ekziston mund\u00ebsia p\u00ebr t\u00eb nd\u00ebrtuar nj\u00eb infrastruktur\u00eb hibride: ndonj\u00ebher\u00eb \u00ebsht\u00eb e p\u00ebrshtatshme t\u00eb l\u00ebshohet back-office n\u00eb rrjetin korporat\u00ebs, nd\u00ebrsa pjesa interfacer kalon me jasht\u00eb te ofruesi i sh\u00ebrbimeve.<\/p>\n<p>Ka mund\u00ebsi p\u00ebr t\u00eb shtuar certifikata SSL p\u00ebr balancimin e ngarkes\u00ebs, enkriptimin e t\u00eb dh\u00ebnave t\u00eb d\u00ebrguara dhe sigurin\u00eb e komunikimit mes vizitor\u00ebve t\u00eb faqes s\u00eb internetit dhe infrastruktur\u00ebs korporative. N\u00eb rastin e balancimit t\u00eb ngarkes\u00ebs midis Qendrave t\u00eb Dh\u00ebnash gjithashtu mund t\u00eb aplikohet SSL.<\/p>\n<p>Sh\u00ebrbimi Anycast me balancimin e ngarkesave t\u00eb adresave mund t\u00eb merret nga ofruesi. Kjo funksion do t\u00eb ndihmoj\u00eb n\u00eb p\u00ebrmir\u00ebsimin e algoritmit t\u00eb nd\u00ebrveprimit t\u00eb p\u00ebrdoruesve me aplikacionet n\u00eb p\u00ebrputhje me lokacionin. Mjafton t\u00eb deklarohet se cilat sh\u00ebrbime jan\u00eb n\u00eb Qendrat e Dh\u00ebnave, dhe trafiku do t\u00eb redirektohet n\u00eb infrastruktur\u00ebn m\u00eb t\u00eb af\u00ebrt. N\u00ebse ka server\u00eb t\u00eb dedikuar, p\u00ebr shembull, n\u00eb Franc\u00eb ose n\u00eb Amerik\u00ebn e Veriut, at\u00ebher\u00eb klient\u00ebt do t\u00eb d\u00ebrgohen te serveri m\u00eb i af\u00ebrt n\u00eb rrjet.<\/p>\n<p>Nj\u00eb nga mund\u00ebsit\u00eb e p\u00ebrdorimit t\u00eb Anycast \u00ebsht\u00eb zgjedhja optimale e pik\u00ebs s\u00eb pranis\u00eb s\u00eb ofruesit (PoP). Ja si: <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/engineering.linkedin.com\/network-performance\/tcp-over-ip-anycast-pipe-dream-or-reality\">\u00ebsht\u00eb<\/a><\/noindex>. LinkedIn (i bllokuar n\u00eb Rusi) synon jo vet\u00ebm t\u00eb p\u00ebrmir\u00ebsoj\u00eb performanc\u00ebn dhe shpejt\u00ebsin\u00eb e produkteve t\u00eb tij \u2014 aplikacioneve mobile dhe web, por gjithashtu t\u00eb p\u00ebrmir\u00ebsoj\u00eb infrastruktur\u00ebn rrjet\u00ebsore p\u00ebr shp\u00ebrndarjen e shpejt\u00eb t\u00eb p\u00ebrmbajtjes. P\u00ebr k\u00ebt\u00eb q\u00ebllim, shp\u00ebrndarjen dinamike t\u00eb p\u00ebrmbajtjes LinkedIn e p\u00ebrdor aktivisht PoP \u2013 pikat e pranis\u00eb. P\u00ebr t\u00eb drejtuar p\u00ebrdoruesit te PoP m\u00eb i af\u00ebrt, p\u00ebrdoret Anycast.<\/p>\n<p>Arsyeja \u00ebsht\u00eb se, n\u00eb rastin e Unycast, \u00e7do PoP i LinkedIn ka nj\u00eb adres\u00eb IP unike. M\u00eb pas, p\u00ebrdoruesit caktohen n\u00eb PoP n\u00eb var\u00ebsi t\u00eb vendndodhjes s\u00eb tyre gjeografike p\u00ebrmes DNS. Problemi \u00ebsht\u00eb se, duke p\u00ebrdorur DNS, rreth 30% e p\u00ebrdoruesve n\u00eb Shtetet e Bashkuara jan\u00eb drejtuar n\u00eb nj\u00eb PoP jo optimal. Fal\u00eb implementimit gradual t\u00eb Anycast, caktimi jo optimal i PoP ka r\u00ebn\u00eb nga 31% n\u00eb 10%.<\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" alt=\"Anycast kund\u00ebr Unicast: \u00e7far\u00eb duhet t\u00eb zgjidhni n\u00eb \u00e7do rast\" src=\"\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/07\/f1635951294bc476639ec65d175c11e0.png\" style=\"display:block;margin: 0 auto;\" \/><br \/>\n<i>Rezultatet e testit pilot jan\u00eb paraqitur n\u00eb grafik, ku axha Y \u00ebsht\u00eb p\u00ebrqindja e caktimit optimal t\u00eb PoP. Me 'shkall\u00ebzimin' e Anycast n\u00eb shum\u00eb shtete t\u00eb SHBA-s\u00eb, ka pasur nj\u00eb p\u00ebrmir\u00ebsim n\u00eb p\u00ebrqindjen e trafikut n\u00eb PoP e optimal.<\/i><\/p>\n<h2>Monitorimi i rrjetit Anycast<\/h2>\n<p>\nTeorikisht, rrjetet Anycast jan\u00eb t\u00eb thjeshta: disa server\u00eb fizik\u00eb i caktohet t\u00eb nj\u00ebjt\u00ebn adres\u00eb IP, e cila p\u00ebrdoret nga BGP p\u00ebr t\u00eb p\u00ebrcaktuar rrug\u00ebn. Por realizimi dhe projektimi i platformave Anycast \u00ebsht\u00eb i komplikuar, ve\u00e7an\u00ebrisht rrjetet Anycast t\u00eb njohura p\u00ebr q\u00ebndrueshm\u00ebrin\u00eb e tyre. Edhe m\u00eb e komplikuar \u00ebsht\u00eb monitorimi efektiv i rrjetit Anycast p\u00ebr zbulimin dhe lokalizimin e shpejt\u00eb t\u00eb defekteve. <\/p>\n<p>N\u00ebse sh\u00ebrbimet p\u00ebrdorin nj\u00eb ofrues t\u00eb jasht\u00ebm CDN p\u00ebr t\u00eb sh\u00ebrbyer p\u00ebrmbajtjen e tyre, \u00ebsht\u00eb shum\u00eb e r\u00ebnd\u00ebsishme t\u00eb ndjekin dhe verifikojn\u00eb performanc\u00ebn e rrjetit. Kur monitorohet CDN bazuar n\u00eb Anycast, fokusi kryesor \u00ebsht\u00eb matja e vonesave end-to-end dhe karakteristikave t\u00eb sken\u00ebs s\u00eb zakonshme p\u00ebr t\u00eb kuptuar se cili qend\u00ebr t\u00eb dh\u00ebnash sh\u00ebrben p\u00ebrmbajtjen. Analiza e titujve HTTP t\u00eb serverit \u00ebsht\u00eb nj\u00eb tjet\u00ebr m\u00ebnyr\u00eb p\u00ebr t\u00eb p\u00ebrcaktuar se nga vjen informacioni.<\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" alt=\"Anycast kund\u00ebr Unicast: \u00e7far\u00eb duhet t\u00eb zgjidhni n\u00eb \u00e7do rast\" src=\"\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/07\/9dfcf689c3c7a553b00de5f0dac4d0ec.png\" style=\"display:block;margin: 0 auto;\" \/><br \/>\n<i>Shembulli: titujt e p\u00ebrgjigjes HTTP q\u00eb tregojn\u00eb vendndodhjen e serverit CDN.<\/i><\/p>\n<p>P\u00ebr shembull, CloudFlare p\u00ebrdor titullin e tij CF-Ray n\u00eb mesazhet HTTP t\u00eb p\u00ebrgjigjes, i cili p\u00ebrfshin referenc\u00ebn e qendr\u00ebs s\u00eb t\u00eb dh\u00ebnave ku u b\u00eb k\u00ebrkesa. N\u00eb rastin e Zendesk, titulli CF-Ray p\u00ebr rajonin e Seattle \u00ebsht\u00eb CF-RAY: 2a21675e65fd2a3d-SEA, dhe p\u00ebr Amsterdamin \u00ebsht\u00eb CF-RAY: 2a216896b93a0c71-AMS. P\u00ebr t\u00eb p\u00ebrcaktuar se ku ndodhet p\u00ebrmbajtja, mund t\u00eb p\u00ebrdoren gjithashtu titujt HTTP-X nga p\u00ebrgjigjja HTTP.<\/p>\n<h2>Metoda t\u00eb tjera adresimi<\/h2>\n<p>\nKa edhe metoda t\u00eb tjera adresimi p\u00ebr rrug\u00ebtimin e k\u00ebrkesave t\u00eb p\u00ebrdoruesve n\u00eb nj\u00eb pik\u00eb specifike t\u00eb rrjetit:<\/p>\n<p>Unicast<\/p>\n<p>Pjesa m\u00eb e madhe e internetit sot p\u00ebrdor k\u00ebt\u00eb metod\u00eb. Unicast \u00ebsht\u00eb transmetim nj\u00ebadresa, adresa IP lidhet vet\u00ebm me nj\u00eb nod specifik n\u00eb rrjet. Kjo quhet p\u00ebrputhje e mutualisht e sakt\u00eb.\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>Multicast<\/p>\n<p>Multicast p\u00ebrdor lidhjen \"nj\u00eb ndaj shum\u00eb\" ose \"shum\u00eb ndaj shum\u00eb\". D\u00ebrgimi multikast lejon d\u00ebrgimin e nj\u00eb k\u00ebrkese nga d\u00ebrguesi n\u00eb t\u00eb nj\u00ebjt\u00ebn koh\u00eb n\u00eb pika t\u00eb ndryshme p\u00ebrfundimtare t\u00eb zgjedhura. Kjo i jep klientit mund\u00ebsin\u00eb t\u00eb shkarkoj\u00eb skedar\u00eb n\u00eb pjes\u00eb nga disa host-e nj\u00ebher\u00ebsh (gj\u00eb q\u00eb \u00ebsht\u00eb e dobishme p\u00ebr transmetimin e audio ose video). Shpesh multikasti confundoset me Anycast, megjithat\u00eb dallimi kryesor q\u00ebndron n\u00eb at\u00eb se Anycast drejton d\u00ebrguesin n\u00eb nj\u00eb nyje t\u00eb caktuar konkrete, edhe n\u00ebse disa nyje jan\u00eb n\u00eb dispozicion.<\/p>\n<p>Broadcast<\/p>\n<p>Datagrami nga nj\u00eb d\u00ebrgues i vet\u00ebm d\u00ebrgohet n\u00eb t\u00eb gjitha pikat p\u00ebrfundimtare q\u00eb lidhen me adres\u00ebn broadcast. Rrjeti automatikisht kopjon datagramet p\u00ebr t\u00eb mund\u00ebsuar komunikimin me t\u00eb gjith\u00eb marr\u00ebsit n\u00eb d\u00ebrgimin broadcast (zakonisht n\u00eb nj\u00eb n\u00ebnrrjet\u00eb).<\/p>\n<p>Geocast<\/p>\n<p>Geocast n\u00eb nj\u00eb far\u00eb m\u00ebnyre \u00ebsht\u00eb i ngjash\u00ebm me Multicast: k\u00ebrkesat nga d\u00ebrguesi d\u00ebrgohen n\u00eb t\u00eb nj\u00ebjt\u00ebn koh\u00eb n\u00eb disa pika p\u00ebrfundimtare. Megjithat\u00eb, dallimi q\u00ebndron n\u00eb at\u00eb se marr\u00ebsi p\u00ebrcaktohet nga pozita e tij gjeografike. Kjo \u00ebsht\u00eb nj\u00eb form\u00eb e specializuar e adresimit grupor q\u00eb p\u00ebrdoret nga disa protokolle rrug\u00ebzimi p\u00ebr rrjetet peer-to-peer mobile.<\/p>\n<p>Rruga gjeografike (Geo Router) llogarit zon\u00ebn e sh\u00ebrbimit t\u00eb tij dhe e aproksimon at\u00eb. Gjeomarr\u00ebsit, duke ndar\u00eb zonat e sh\u00ebrbimit, nd\u00ebrtojn\u00eb tabela rrug\u00ebzimi. Sistemi i gjeomarr\u00ebsve ka nj\u00eb struktur\u00eb hierarkike.<\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" alt=\"Anycast kund\u00ebr Unicast: \u00e7far\u00eb duhet t\u00eb zgjidhni n\u00eb \u00e7do rast\" src=\"\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/07\/fa98a1f0705bd754e1a9c8b479c834a7.png\" style=\"display:block;margin: 0 auto;\" \/><br \/>\n<img decoding=\"async\" alt=\"Anycast kund\u00ebr Unicast: \u00e7far\u00eb duhet t\u00eb zgjidhni n\u00eb \u00e7do rast\" src=\"\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/07\/da36388f194ac565aba7b7661839ff6c.png\" style=\"display:block;margin: 0 auto;\" \/><br \/>\n<img decoding=\"async\" alt=\"Anycast kund\u00ebr Unicast: \u00e7far\u00eb duhet t\u00eb zgjidhni n\u00eb \u00e7do rast\" src=\"\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/07\/16161b1bdc81867d8c8bba7bd084b7cf.png\" style=\"display:block;margin: 0 auto;\" \/><br \/>\n<i>Unicast, Multicast dhe Broadcast.<\/i><\/p>\n<p>P\u00ebrdorimi i teknologjis\u00eb Anycast rrit nivelin e besueshm\u00ebris\u00eb, q\u00ebndrueshm\u00ebris\u00eb dhe siguris\u00eb s\u00eb DNS. Duke p\u00ebrdorur k\u00ebt\u00eb teknologji, operator\u00ebt ofrojn\u00eb sh\u00ebrbime t\u00eb ndryshme t\u00eb balancimit t\u00eb ngarkes\u00ebs bazuar n\u00eb DNS p\u00ebr klient\u00ebt e tyre. N\u00eb panelin e kontrollit mund t\u00eb caktohen adresat IP n\u00eb t\u00eb cilat do t\u00eb d\u00ebrgohen k\u00ebrkesat n\u00eb var\u00ebsi t\u00eb lokalizimit gjeografik. Kjo do t'u jap\u00eb klient\u00ebve m\u00eb shum\u00eb fleksibilitet n\u00eb shp\u00ebrndarjen e k\u00ebrkesave t\u00eb p\u00ebrdoruesve.<\/p>\n<p>Disa operator\u00eb p\u00ebrdorin mjete monitorimi t\u00eb rrug\u00ebs n\u00eb \u00e7do pik\u00eb prezence (POP): sistemi analizon automatikisht rrug\u00ebt m\u00eb t\u00eb shkurtra lokale dhe globale p\u00ebr pikat e prezenc\u00ebs dhe i drejton ato p\u00ebrmes vendeve gjeografike me vones\u00eb m\u00eb t\u00eb ul\u00ebt dhe zero kohe pushimi.<\/p>\n<p>N\u00eb k\u00ebt\u00eb moment, Anycast \u00ebsht\u00eb zgjidhja m\u00eb stabile dhe e besueshme p\u00ebr nd\u00ebrtimin e sh\u00ebrbimeve DNS me ngarkes\u00eb t\u00eb lart\u00eb, t\u00eb cilat kan\u00eb k\u00ebrkesa t\u00eb larta p\u00ebr q\u00ebndrueshm\u00ebri dhe besueshm\u00ebri. <\/p>\n<p>Domaini .ru mb\u00ebshtet 35 server\u00eb Anycast DNS, t\u00eb grupluar n\u00eb 20 nyje, t\u00eb shp\u00ebrndara n\u00eb pes\u00eb kloud Anycast. K\u00ebtu p\u00ebrdoret principi i nd\u00ebrtimit sipas karakteristikave gjeografike, pra Geocast. Kur vendosen nyjat DNS parashikohet q\u00eb ato t\u00eb shp\u00ebrndahen n\u00eb lokacione gjeografikisht t\u00eb ndara, t\u00eb af\u00ebrta me p\u00ebrdoruesit m\u00eb aktiv\u00eb, me p\u00ebrqendrimin maksimal t\u00eb ofruesve rus\u00eb n\u00eb pik\u00ebn e vendosjes s\u00eb nyj\u00ebs, si dhe me disponibilitetin e kapaciteteve dhe leht\u00ebsin\u00eb e bashk\u00ebpunimit me platform\u00ebn.<\/p>\n<h2>Si t\u00eb nd\u00ebrtoni CDN?<\/h2>\n<p>\nCDN \u2014 rrjeti i server\u00ebve q\u00eb p\u00ebrshpejton dor\u00ebzimin e p\u00ebrmbajtjes p\u00ebr p\u00ebrdoruesit.<noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/habr.com\/ru\/company\/ruvds\/blog\/503800\/\"> Rrjeti i shp\u00ebrndarjes s\u00eb p\u00ebrmbajtjes<\/a><\/noindex> bashkon t\u00eb gjith\u00eb server\u00ebt n\u00eb nj\u00eb rrjet dhe siguron ngarkim m\u00eb t\u00eb shpejt\u00eb t\u00eb p\u00ebrmbajtjes. N\u00eb shpejt\u00ebsin\u00eb e ngarkimit, nj\u00eb rol t\u00eb r\u00ebnd\u00ebsish\u00ebm luan distanca nga serveri deri te p\u00ebrdoruesi.<\/p>\n<p>CDN lejon p\u00ebrdorimin e server\u00ebve q\u00eb jan\u00eb m\u00eb af\u00ebr audienc\u00ebs s\u00eb synuar. Kjo redukton koh\u00ebn e pritjes, ndihmon n\u00eb p\u00ebrshpejtimin e ngarkimit t\u00eb p\u00ebrmbajtjes s\u00eb faqeve p\u00ebr t\u00eb gjith\u00eb vizitor\u00ebt, \u00e7ka \u00ebsht\u00eb ve\u00e7an\u00ebrisht kritike p\u00ebr faqet me skedar\u00eb t\u00eb m\u00ebdhenj ose sh\u00ebrbime multimedia. Fushat tipike t\u00eb p\u00ebrdorimit t\u00eb CDN \u2014 e-commerce dhe industria e arg\u00ebtimit.<\/p>\n<p>Rrjeti i krijuar n\u00eb infrastruktur\u00ebn e CDN me server\u00eb shtes\u00eb, t\u00eb cil\u00ebt pozicionohen sa m\u00eb af\u00ebr p\u00ebrdoruesve, ndihmon n\u00eb dor\u00ebzimin m\u00eb t\u00eb q\u00ebndruesh\u00ebm dhe m\u00eb t\u00eb shpejt\u00eb t\u00eb t\u00eb dh\u00ebnave. Sipas statistikave, p\u00ebrdorimi i CDN zvog\u00eblon vones\u00ebn n\u00eb aksesin n\u00eb faqe me m\u00eb shum\u00eb se 70% n\u00eb krahasim me faqet pa CDN.<\/p>\n<p>Si<noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/habr.com\/ru\/company\/ruvds\/blog\/466447\/\"> krijo CDN me an\u00eb t\u00eb DNS<\/a><\/noindex>? \u041d\u0430\u0441\u0442\u0440\u043e\u0439\u043a\u0430 CDN \u0441 \u0438\u0441\u043f\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0437\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0435\u043c \u0441\u043e\u0431\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0435\u043d\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0440\u0435\u0448\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f Anycast \u043c\u043e\u0436\u0435\u0442 \u0431\u044b\u0442\u044c \u0434\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0430\u0442\u043e\u0447\u043d\u043e \u0434\u043e\u0440\u043e\u0433\u0438\u043c \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0435\u043a\u0442\u043e\u043c, \u043d\u043e \u0435\u0441\u0442\u044c \u0431\u043e\u043b\u0435\u0435 \u0434\u0435\u0448\u0435\u0432\u044b\u0435 \u0432\u0430\u0440\u0438\u0430\u043d\u0442\u044b. \u041d\u0430\u043f\u0440\u0438\u043c\u0435\u0440, \u043c\u043e\u0436\u043d\u043e \u0438\u0441\u043f\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0437\u043e\u0432\u0430\u0442\u044c GeoDNS \u0438 \u043e\u0431\u044b\u0447\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u0441\u0435\u0440\u0432\u0435\u0440\u044b \u0441 \u0443\u043d\u0438\u043a\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u044b\u043c\u0438 IP-\u0430\u0434\u0440\u0435\u0441\u0430\u043c\u0438. \u0421 \u043f\u043e\u043c\u043e\u0449\u044c\u044e \u0441\u0435\u0440\u0432\u0438\u0441\u043e\u0432 GeoDNS \u043c\u043e\u0436\u043d\u043e \u0441\u043e\u0437\u0434\u0430\u0442\u044c CDN \u0441 \u0444\u0443\u043d\u043a\u0446\u0438\u044f\u043c\u0438 \u0433\u0435\u043e\u043b\u043e\u043a\u0430\u0446\u0438\u0438, \u0432 \u043a\u043e\u0442\u043e\u0440\u043e\u0439 \u0440\u0435\u0448\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f \u043f\u0440\u0438\u043d\u0438\u043c\u0430\u044e\u0442\u0441\u044f \u043d\u0430 \u043e\u0441\u043d\u043e\u0432\u0435 \u0440\u0435\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u043c\u0435\u0441\u0442\u043e\u043f\u043e\u043b\u043e\u0436\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f \u043f\u043e\u0441\u0435\u0442\u0438\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044f, \u0430 \u043d\u0435 \u043c\u0435\u0441\u0442\u043e\u043f\u043e\u043b\u043e\u0436\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f \u0440\u0435\u0441\u043e\u043b\u0432\u0435\u0440\u0430 DNS. \u041c\u043e\u0436\u043d\u043e \u043d\u0430\u0441\u0442\u0440\u043e\u0438\u0442\u044c \u0441\u0432\u043e\u044e DNS-\u0437\u043e\u043d\u0443 \u0442\u0430\u043a, \u0447\u0442\u043e\u0431\u044b \u043f\u043e\u043a\u0430\u0437\u044b\u0432\u0430\u0442\u044c IP-\u0430\u0434\u0440\u0435\u0441\u0430 \u0430\u043c\u0435\u0440\u0438\u043a\u0430\u043d\u0441\u043a\u0438\u0445 \u0441\u0435\u0440\u0432\u0435\u0440\u043e\u0432 \u043f\u043e\u0441\u0435\u0442\u0438\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044f\u043c \u0438\u0437 \u0421\u0428\u0410, \u0430 \u0435\u0432\u0440\u043e\u043f\u0435\u0439\u0441\u043a\u0438\u0435 \u043f\u043e\u0441\u0435\u0442\u0438\u0442\u0435\u043b\u0438 \u0431\u0443\u0434\u0443\u0442 \u0432\u0438\u0434\u0435\u0442\u044c IP-\u0430\u0434\u0440\u0435\u0441 \u0438\u0437 \u0415\u0432\u0440\u043e\u043f\u044b.<\/p>\n<p>Me GeoDNS mund t\u00eb kthehen p\u00ebrgjigje t\u00eb ndryshme DNS n\u00eb var\u00ebsi t\u00eb adres\u00ebs IP t\u00eb p\u00ebrdoruesit. P\u00ebr k\u00ebt\u00eb, serveri DNS konfigurohet n\u00eb m\u00ebnyr\u00eb q\u00eb t\u00eb kthej\u00eb adresa IP t\u00eb ndryshme n\u00eb var\u00ebsi t\u00eb adres\u00ebs IP t\u00eb origjin\u00ebs n\u00eb k\u00ebrkes\u00eb. N\u00eb p\u00ebrgjith\u00ebsi, p\u00ebr t\u00eb p\u00ebrcaktuar rajonin nga i cili b\u00ebhet k\u00ebrkesa, p\u00ebrdoret nj\u00eb baz\u00eb t\u00eb dh\u00ebnash GeoIP. Gjeolokacioni n\u00ebp\u00ebrmjet DNS lejon d\u00ebrgimin e p\u00ebrmbajtjes p\u00ebr p\u00ebrdoruesit nga faqja m\u00eb e af\u00ebrt.<\/p>\n<p>GeoDNS p\u00ebrcakton adres\u00ebn IP t\u00eb klientit q\u00eb b\u00ebri k\u00ebrkes\u00ebn DNS, ose adres\u00ebn IP t\u00eb serverit DNS rekursiv t\u00eb ofruesit, i cili p\u00ebrdoret gjat\u00eb p\u00ebrpunimit t\u00eb k\u00ebrkes\u00ebs s\u00eb klientit. Sipas IP-s\u00eb s\u00eb klientit dhe baz\u00ebs GeoIP p\u00ebrcaktohet vendi\/rajoni. Pastaj, klienti merr adres\u00ebn IP t\u00eb serverit m\u00eb t\u00eb af\u00ebrt CDN. Mund t\u00eb lexoni m\u00eb shum\u00eb rreth konfigurimit t\u00eb GeoDNS<noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/habr.com\/ru\/post\/178727\/\"> k\u00ebtu<\/a><\/noindex>.<\/p>\n<h2>Anycast apo GeoDNS?<\/h2>\n<p>\nMegjith\u00ebse Anycast \u00ebsht\u00eb nj\u00eb m\u00ebnyr\u00eb e shk\u00eblqyer p\u00ebr d\u00ebrgimin e p\u00ebrmbajtjes n\u00eb m\u00ebnyr\u00eb globale, i mungon specifikimi. K\u00ebtu vjen GeoDNS n\u00eb ndihm\u00eb. Ky sh\u00ebrbim lejon krijimin e rregullave q\u00eb d\u00ebrgojn\u00eb p\u00ebrdoruesit n\u00eb pika unike p\u00ebrfundimtare n\u00eb var\u00ebsi t\u00eb vendndodhjes s\u00eb tyre.<\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" alt=\"Anycast kund\u00ebr Unicast: \u00e7far\u00eb duhet t\u00eb zgjidhni n\u00eb \u00e7do rast\" src=\"\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/07\/05c9d6752ba196f90bfefe6091075b23.png\" style=\"display:block;margin: 0 auto;\" \/><br \/>\n<i>Shembulli: p\u00ebrdoruesit nga Europa d\u00ebrgohen n\u00eb nj\u00eb pik\u00eb p\u00ebrfundimtare tjet\u00ebr.<\/i><\/p>\n<p>Gjithashtu, mund t\u00eb ndaloni qasjen n\u00eb domain duke hedhur t\u00eb gjitha k\u00ebrkesat. Ky \u00ebsht\u00eb, p\u00ebr shembull, nj\u00eb m\u00ebnyr\u00eb e shpejt\u00eb p\u00ebr t\u00eb prer\u00eb keqb\u00ebr\u00ebsit.<\/p>\n<p>GeoDNS ofron p\u00ebrgjigje m\u00eb t\u00eb sakta sesa Anycast. N\u00eb rastin e Anycast, rruga m\u00eb e shkurt\u00ebr p\u00ebrcaktohet nga numri i hop-eve, ndryshe n\u00eb GeoDNS, routing p\u00ebr p\u00ebrdoruesit p\u00ebrfundimtar\u00eb ndodh n\u00eb var\u00ebsi t\u00eb vendndodhjes s\u00eb tyre fizike. Kjo zvog\u00eblon vones\u00ebn dhe rrit sakt\u00ebsin\u00eb gjat\u00eb krijimit t\u00eb rregullave t\u00eb detajuara t\u00eb routing. <\/p>\n<p>Kur kaloni n\u00eb domain, shfletuesi i drejtohet serverit m\u00eb t\u00eb af\u00ebrt DNS, i cili, n\u00eb var\u00ebsi t\u00eb domainit, jep adres\u00ebn IP p\u00ebr ngarkimin e faqes. Supozoni se nj\u00eb dyqan n\u00eb internet \u00ebsht\u00eb popullor n\u00eb SHBA dhe n\u00eb Europ\u00eb, dhe server\u00ebt DNS p\u00ebr t\u00eb jan\u00eb vet\u00ebm n\u00eb Europ\u00eb. At\u00ebher\u00eb, p\u00ebrdoruesit nga SHBA q\u00eb d\u00ebshirojn\u00eb t\u00eb shfryt\u00ebzojn\u00eb sh\u00ebrbimet e dyqanit do t\u00eb detyrohen t\u00eb d\u00ebrgojn\u00eb k\u00ebrkes\u00eb te serveri m\u00eb i af\u00ebrt, dhe pasi ai \u00ebsht\u00eb shum\u00eb larg, do t\u00eb presin gjat\u00eb p\u00ebr p\u00ebrgjigjen \u2014 ngarkimi i faqes nuk do t\u00eb jet\u00eb i shpejt\u00eb.<\/p>\n<p>Duke vendosur nj\u00eb server GeoDNS n\u00eb SHBA, p\u00ebrdoruesit do t'i drejtohen atij. P\u00ebrgjigjja do t\u00eb jet\u00eb e shpejt\u00eb, gj\u00eb q\u00eb do t\u00eb ndikoj\u00eb n\u00eb shpejt\u00ebsin\u00eb e ngarkimit t\u00eb faqes.<\/p>\n<p>N\u00eb situat\u00ebn kur ka nj\u00eb server DNS ekzistues n\u00eb SHBA, kur p\u00ebrdoruesi nga SHBA kalon n\u00eb k\u00ebt\u00eb domain, ai do t'i drejtohet serverit m\u00eb t\u00eb af\u00ebrt, i cili do t\u00eb jap\u00eb IP-n\u00eb e nevojshme. P\u00ebrdoruesi do t'i drejtohet serverit q\u00eb p\u00ebrmban p\u00ebrmbajtjen e faqes, por pasi server\u00ebt me p\u00ebrmbajtjen jan\u00eb t\u00eb larg\u00ebt, ai nuk do ta marr\u00eb at\u00eb shpejt.<\/p>\n<p>N\u00ebse vendosni server\u00ebt n\u00eb SHBA dhe server\u00ebt CDN me t\u00eb dh\u00ebna t\u00eb ruajtura, kur shfaqet skeda n\u00eb shfletuesin e klientit, ai do t\u00eb d\u00ebrgoj\u00eb nj\u00eb k\u00ebrkes\u00eb te serveri m\u00eb i af\u00ebrt DNS, i cili do t\u00eb kthej\u00eb adres\u00ebn e duhur IP. Shfletuesi me adres\u00ebn IP t\u00eb marr\u00eb i drejtohet serverit m\u00eb t\u00eb af\u00ebrt CDN dhe serverit kryesor, dhe serveri CDN i transmeton shfletuesit p\u00ebrmbajtjen e ruajtur. Nd\u00ebrkoh\u00eb q\u00eb ngarkohet p\u00ebrmbajtja e ruajtur, nga serveri kryesor d\u00ebrgohen skedar\u00ebt e nevojsh\u00ebm p\u00ebr ngarkimin e plot\u00eb t\u00eb faqes. Si rezultat, koha e ngarkes\u00ebs s\u00eb faqes zvog\u00eblohet, pasi d\u00ebrgohen shum\u00eb m\u00eb pak skedar\u00eb nga serveri kryesor. <\/p>\n<p>P\u00ebrcaktimi i vendndodhjes sakt\u00ebsore t\u00eb nj\u00eb adrese IP t\u00eb caktuar nuk \u00ebsht\u00eb gjithmon\u00eb nj\u00eb detyr\u00eb e leht\u00eb: ka shum\u00eb faktor\u00eb q\u00eb luajn\u00eb rol, dhe pronar\u00ebt e grupeve t\u00eb adresave IP mund t\u00eb vendosin ta shpallin at\u00eb n\u00eb an\u00ebn tjet\u00ebr t\u00eb bot\u00ebs (at\u00ebher\u00eb do t\u00eb duhet t\u00eb prisni derisa baza e t\u00eb dh\u00ebnave t\u00eb p\u00ebrdit\u00ebsohet p\u00ebr t\u00eb marr\u00eb vendndodhjen e sakt\u00eb). Nganj\u00ebher\u00eb, ofruesit e VPS caktojn\u00eb adresa q\u00eb sipas t\u00eb dh\u00ebnave ndodhen n\u00eb SHBA p\u00ebr VPS n\u00eb Singapor.<\/p>\n<p>N\u00eb dallim nga p\u00ebrdorimi i adresave Anycast, shp\u00ebrndarja ndodh gjat\u00eb zgjidhjes s\u00eb emrave, jo gjat\u00eb lidhjes me serverin e ruajtjes. N\u00ebse serveri rekursiv nuk mb\u00ebshtet subnetet e klient\u00ebve EDNS, at\u00ebher\u00eb p\u00ebrdoret vendndodhja e k\u00ebtij serveri rekursiv dhe jo e p\u00ebrdoruesit q\u00eb do t\u00eb lidhet me serverin e ruajtjes.<\/p>\n<p>Subnetet e klient\u00ebve n\u00eb DNS jan\u00eb nj\u00eb zgjatim i DNS (RFC7871), i cili p\u00ebrcakton se si server\u00ebt rekursiv\u00eb DNS mund t\u00eb d\u00ebrgojn\u00eb informacion p\u00ebr klientin n\u00eb serverin DNS, ve\u00e7an\u00ebrisht informacionin n\u00eb lidhje me rrjetin, t\u00eb cilin serveri GeoDNS mund ta p\u00ebrdor\u00eb p\u00ebr t\u00eb p\u00ebrcaktuar m\u00eb sakt\u00eb vendndodhjen e klientit.<\/p>\n<p>Shumica e p\u00ebrdoruesve p\u00ebrdorin server\u00ebt DNS t\u00eb ofruesit t\u00eb tyre t\u00eb internetit ose server\u00eb DNS q\u00eb jan\u00eb gjeografikisht af\u00ebr tyre, por n\u00ebse ndokush n\u00eb SHBA p\u00ebr ndonj\u00eb arsye vendos t\u00eb p\u00ebrdor\u00eb nj\u00eb zgjidh\u00ebs DNS, t\u00eb vendosur n\u00eb Australi, ai ka t\u00eb ngjar\u00eb t\u00eb marr\u00eb nj\u00eb adres\u00eb IP t\u00eb serverit m\u00eb t\u00eb af\u00ebrt n\u00eb Australi. <\/p>\n<p>N\u00ebse d\u00ebshironi t\u00eb p\u00ebrdorni GeoDNS, \u00ebsht\u00eb e r\u00ebnd\u00ebsishme t\u00eb dini p\u00ebr k\u00ebto karakteristika, pasi n\u00eb disa raste mund t\u00eb rrisin distanc\u00ebn midis server\u00ebve t\u00eb ruajtjes dhe klientit.<\/p>\n<p>P\u00ebrmbledhje: n\u00ebse d\u00ebshironi t\u00eb kombinoni disa VPS n\u00eb CDN, mund\u00ebsia m\u00eb e mir\u00eb e instalimit \u00ebsht\u00eb p\u00ebrdorimi i nj\u00eb kombinimi server DNS me funksionin GeoDNS + Anycast \"nga kutia\".<\/p>\n<p><noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"http:\/\/ruvds.com\/ru-rub?utm_source=habr&amp;utm_medium=article&amp;utm_campaign=caplin&amp;utm_content=anycastvsunicast#order\"><img decoding=\"async\" alt=\"Anycast kund\u00ebr Unicast: \u00e7far\u00eb duhet t\u00eb zgjidhni n\u00eb \u00e7do rast\" src=\"\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/07\/73c6b0732883a352ddd9096804f2e533.png\" style=\"display:block;margin: 0 auto;\" \/><\/a><\/noindex><br \/>\n<br \/>Burimi: <a content=\"nofollow\" rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/habr.com\/ru\/company\/ruvds\/blog\/511050\/\">habr.com<\/a> <\/p>","protected":false,"gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"html"}]},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u041f\u0440\u043e Anycast \u043d\u0430\u0432\u0435\u0440\u043d\u044f\u043a\u0430 \u043c\u043d\u043e\u0433\u0438\u0435 \u0441\u043b\u044b\u0448\u0430\u043b\u0438. \u041f\u0440\u0438 \u044d\u0442\u043e\u043c \u043c\u0435\u0442\u043e\u0434\u0435 \u0441\u0435\u0442\u0435\u0432\u043e\u0439 \u0430\u0434\u0440\u0435\u0441\u0430\u0446\u0438\u0438 \u0438 \u043c\u0430\u0440\u0448\u0440\u0443\u0442\u0438\u0437\u0430\u0446\u0438\u0438 \u043e\u0434\u0438\u043d IP-\u0430\u0434\u0440\u0435\u0441 \u043f\u0440\u0438\u0441\u0432\u0430\u0438\u0432\u0430\u0435\u0442\u0441\u044f \u043d\u0435\u0441\u043a\u043e\u043b\u044c\u043a\u0438\u043c \u0441\u0435\u0440\u0432\u0435\u0440\u0430\u043c \u0432 \u0441\u0435\u0442\u0438. \u042d\u0442\u0438 \u0441\u0435\u0440\u0432\u0435\u0440\u044b \u043c\u043e\u0433\u0443\u0442 \u043d\u0430\u0445\u043e\u0434\u0438\u0442\u044c\u0441\u044f \u0434\u0430\u0436\u0435 \u0432 \u0443\u0434\u0430\u043b\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u0434\u0440\u0443\u0433 \u043e\u0442 \u0434\u0440\u0443\u0433\u0430 \u0426\u041e\u0414. \u0418\u0434\u0435\u044f Anycast \u0432 \u0442\u043e\u043c, \u0447\u0442\u043e, \u0432 \u0437\u0430\u0432\u0438\u0441\u0438\u043c\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0438 \u043e\u0442 \u043c\u0435\u0441\u0442\u043e\u043f\u043e\u043b\u043e\u0436\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f \u0438\u0441\u0442\u043e\u0447\u043d\u0438\u043a\u0430 \u0437\u0430\u043f\u0440\u043e\u0441\u043e\u0432, \u0434\u0430\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u043e\u0442\u043f\u0440\u0430\u0432\u043b\u044f\u044e\u0442\u0441\u044f \u043d\u0430 \u0431\u043b\u0438\u0436\u0430\u0439\u0448\u0438\u0439 (\u0441\u043e\u0433\u043b\u0430\u0441\u043d\u043e \u0442\u043e\u043f\u043e\u043b\u043e\u0433\u0438\u0438 \u0441\u0435\u0442\u0438, \u0442\u043e\u0447\u043d\u0435\u0435 \u2014 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0442\u043e\u043a\u043e\u043b\u0430 \u043c\u0430\u0440\u0448\u0440\u0443\u0442\u0438\u0437\u0430\u0446\u0438\u0438 BGP) \u0441\u0435\u0440\u0432\u0435\u0440. \u0422\u0430\u043a\u0438\u043c [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false,"gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"html"}]},"author":1,"featured_media":88962,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[688],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-88961","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-administrirovanie"],"aioseo_notices":[],"aioseo_head":"\n\t\t<!-- All in One SEO 5.0.2.1 - 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N\u00eb k\u00ebt\u00eb metod\u00eb t\u00eb adresimit dhe rrug\u00ebzimit n\u00eb rrjet, nj\u00eb IP adres\u00eb i jepet disa server\u00ebve n\u00eb rrjet. K\u00ebta server\u00eb mund t\u00eb jen\u00eb edhe n\u00eb datacenter t\u00eb larg\u00ebt nga nj\u00ebri-tjetri.","canonical_url":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/sq\/blog\/administrirovanie\/anycast-protiv-unicast-chto-luchshe-vybirat-v-kazhdom-sluchae","robots":"max-image-preview:large","keywords":"","webmasterTools":{"miscellaneous":""},"schema":null,"og:locale":"sq_AL","og:site_name":"ProHoster | \u041a\u0443\u043f\u0438\u0442\u044c \u043d\u0430\u0434\u0435\u0436\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u0445\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0438\u043d\u0433 \u0434\u043b\u044f \u0441\u0430\u0439\u0442\u043e\u0432 \u0441 \u0437\u0430\u0449\u0438\u0442\u043e\u0439 \u043e\u0442 DDoS, VPS VDS \u0441\u0435\u0440\u0432\u0435\u0440\u044b","og:type":"article","og:title":"\ud83e\udd47Anycast \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0442\u0438\u0432 Unicast: \u0447\u0442\u043e \u043b\u0443\u0447\u0448\u0435 \u0432\u044b\u0431\u0438\u0440\u0430\u0442\u044c \u0432 \u043a\u0430\u0436\u0434\u043e\u043c \u0441\u043b\u0443\u0447\u0430\u0435 | 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