{"id":89721,"date":"2020-07-25T19:42:21","date_gmt":"2020-07-25T17:42:21","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/blog\/novosti-interneta\/booty-utilita-dlya-sozdaniya-zagruzochnyh-obrazov-i-nakopitelej"},"modified":"2020-07-25T19:42:21","modified_gmt":"2020-07-25T17:42:21","slug":"booty-utilita-dlya-sozdaniya-zagruzochnyh-obrazov-i-nakopitelej","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/sq\/blog\/news\/booty-utilita-dlya-sozdaniya-zagruzochnyh-obrazov-i-nakopitelej","title":{"rendered":"booty \u2014 utilitar p\u00ebr krijimin e imazheve dhe shkarkuesve t\u00eb ngarkesave","gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"text"}]},"content":{"rendered":"

Programi \u00ebsht\u00eb paraqitur Booty<\/a><\/noindex>, i cili lejon krijimin e imazheve bootable initrd, skedar\u00ebve ISO ose \u00e7el\u00ebsave q\u00eb p\u00ebrfshijn\u00eb \u00e7do distribuim GNU\/Linux me nj\u00eb komand\u00eb. Kodi \u00ebsht\u00eb shkruar n\u00eb POSIX shell dhe shp\u00ebrndahet<\/a><\/noindex> n\u00eb licenc\u00eb GPLv3. <\/p>\n

T\u00eb gjitha distribuitet e ngarkuara me p\u00ebrdorimin e Booty funksionojn\u00eb n\u00eb SHMFS (tmpfs) ose n\u00eb SquashFS + Overlay FS, sipas zgjedhjes s\u00eb p\u00ebrdoruesit. Distribuimi krijohet nj\u00eb her\u00eb, dhe gjat\u00eb ngarkimit zgjidhen parametrat q\u00eb lejojn\u00eb p\u00ebrdorimin e nj\u00eb tmpfs t\u00eb past\u00ebr si rr\u00ebnj\u00eb, ose nj\u00eb kombinim Overlay FS + SquashFS me shkrimin e ndryshimeve n\u00eb tmpfs. \u00cbsht\u00eb e mundur t\u00eb kopjoni paraprakisht distribuimin e ngarkuar n\u00eb RAM, duke mund\u00ebsuar q\u00eb t\u00eb \u00e7aktivizohet \u00e7el\u00ebsi USB pas ngarkimit dhe kopjimi i distribuimit n\u00eb memorie.<\/p>\n

Para s\u00eb gjithash, Booty gjeneron nj\u00eb imazh initrd, n\u00eb t\u00eb cilin mund t\u00eb p\u00ebrdoren utilitetet native nga sistemi current ose busybox. Ka mund\u00ebsin\u00eb t\u00eb p\u00ebrfshij\u00eb (paketoj\u00eb) t\u00ebr\u00ebsisht n\u00eb initramfs distributimin e instaluar n\u00eb direktorin\u00eb e tij (chroot). Kjo mund t\u00eb jet\u00eb e dobishme kur nevojitet t\u00eb p\u00ebrdit\u00ebsohet sistemi duke p\u00ebrdorur kexec: thjesht rindez idrive me kernel t\u00eb ri dhe sistem t\u00eb ri brenda initrd.<\/p>\n

Krijimi i imazhit initrd specifik p\u00ebr Booty:<\/p>\n

mkdir initramfs\/
\n mkinitramfs initramfs\/ \u2014output initrd<\/p>\n

Krijimi i imazhit initrd duke p\u00ebrfshir\u00eb shp\u00ebrndarjen nga \u0434\u0438\u0440\u0435\u043a\u0442oria \u00abgentoo\/\u00bb:<\/p>\n

mkdir initramfs\/
\n mkinitramfs initramfs\/ \u2014overlay gentoo\/ \u2014cpio \u2014output initrd<\/p>\n

Pas k\u00ebsaj, ky imazh initrd \u00ebsht\u00eb plot\u00ebsisht i gatsh\u00ebm p\u00ebr ngarkim, p\u00ebr shembull, p\u00ebrmes PXE ose p\u00ebrmes kexec.<\/p>\n

M\u00eb pas, Booty gjeneron imazhe me sistemin e specifikuar si \u00aboverlay\u00bb. P\u00ebr shembull, mund t\u00eb instalohet (shk\u00ebputet arkiv) nj\u00eb Gentoo hipotetik n\u00eb nj\u00eb \u0434\u0438\u0440\u0435\u043a\u0442ori t\u00eb ve\u00e7ant\u00eb, pas s\u00eb cil\u00ebs me p\u00ebrdorimin e Booty do t\u00eb gjenerohet nj\u00eb arkiv cpio ose imazhi SquashFS me k\u00ebt\u00eb sistem. Po ashtu, mund t\u00eb kryhet konfigurimi i shp\u00ebrndarjes n\u00eb nj\u00eb \u0434\u0438\u0440\u0435\u043a\u0442ori t\u00eb ve\u00e7ant\u00eb dhe n\u00eb nj\u00eb tjet\u00ebr t'i kopjohen cil\u00ebsimet personale. T\u00eb gjitha k\u00ebto \u00abshtesa\u00bb do t\u00eb ngarkohen nj\u00ebra mbi tjetr\u00ebn dhe do t\u00eb krijojn\u00eb nj\u00eb sistem funksional t\u00eb vet\u00ebm.<\/p>\n

mkdir initramfs\/
\n mkinitramfs initramfs\/ \u2014overlay gentoo\/ \u2014overlay settings\/ \u2014overlay documents\/ \u2014squashfs \u2014output initrd<\/p>\n

N\u00eb fund, Booty lejon krijimin e imazheve bootable ISO dhe skedar\u00ebve USB, HDD, SSD dhe t\u00eb tjer\u00eb, duke instaluar sistemin e p\u00ebrshkruar m\u00eb lart nga imazhet. Booty<\/a><\/noindex> mb\u00ebshtet krijimin e sistemeve bootues BIOS dhe UEFI. Mb\u00ebshteten ngarkuesit GRUB2 dhe SYSLINUX. Ngarkuesit mund t\u00eb kombinohen, p\u00ebr shembull p\u00ebr ngarkimin n\u00eb BIOS p\u00ebrdoret SYSLINUX, nd\u00ebrsa p\u00ebr UEFI \u2014 GRUB2. P\u00ebr krijimin e imazheve ISO \u00ebsht\u00eb e nevojshme t\u00eb keni paket\u00ebn cdrkit (genisoimage) ose xorriso (xorrisofs), sipas zgjedhjes.<\/p>\n

Veprimi i vet\u00ebm shtes\u00eb q\u00eb k\u00ebrkohet, \u00ebsht\u00eb p\u00ebrgatitja e parakohshme e b\u00ebrtham\u00ebs (vmlinuz) p\u00ebr ngarkim. Autori (Spoofing) rekomandon t\u00eb p\u00ebrdoret \u00abmake defconfig\u00bb. Para krijimit t\u00eb imazhit \u00ebsht\u00eb e nevojshme t\u00eb p\u00ebrgatitet \u0434\u0438\u0440\u0435\u043a\u0442oria, duke vendosur n\u00eb t\u00eb b\u00ebrtham\u00ebn vmlinuz dhe nj\u00eb \u00abt\u00eb zbraz\u00ebt\u00bb initrd t\u00eb p\u00ebrgatitur paraprakisht, t\u00eb krijuar n\u00eb shembullin e par\u00eb.<\/p>\n

mkdir iso\/
\n cp \/boot\/vmlinuz-* iso\/boot\/vmlinuz
\n cp initrd iso\/boot\/initrd<\/p>\n

Me k\u00ebt\u00eb, p\u00ebrgatitja mbaron, tani mund t\u00eb krijojm\u00eb imazhe ISO nga ky direktorium. <\/p>\n

Komanda e ardhshme do t\u00eb krijoj\u00eb nj\u00eb imazh ISO, jo boot-ues, thjesht ISO:<\/p>\n

mkdir iso\/
\n mkbootisofs iso\/ \u2014output archive.iso<\/p>\n

P\u00ebr krijimin e imazhit bootues \u00ebsht\u00eb e nevojshme t\u00eb specifikohet opsioni \u00ab\u2014legacy-boot\u00bb p\u00ebr BIOS dhe \u00ab\u2014efi\u00bb p\u00ebr UEFI p\u00ebrkat\u00ebsisht, si parametrat e opsionit pranojn\u00eb ose grub2, ose syslinux, gjithashtu mund t\u00eb specifikohet vet\u00ebm nj\u00eb opsion (p\u00ebr shembull, nuk \u00ebsht\u00eb e nevojshme mb\u00ebshtetja p\u00ebr ngarkimin UEFI, mund t\u00eb mos e specifikoni).<\/p>\n

mkbootisofs iso\/ \u2014legacy-boot syslinux \u2014output boot-biosonly.iso<\/p>\n

mkbootisofs iso\/ \u2014legacy-boot syslinux \u2014efi grub2 \u2014output boot-bios-uefi.iso<\/p>\n

mkbootisofs iso\/ \u2014efi grub2 \u2014output boot-uefionly.iso<\/p>\n

Dhe po ashtu, si\u00e7 ishin p\u00ebrfshir\u00eb imazhet me sistemin n\u00eb initrd, mund t\u00eb p\u00ebrfshihen ato n\u00eb ISO.<\/p>\n

mkbootisofs iso\/ \u2014overlay gentoo\/ \u2014squashfs \u2014legacy-boot grub2 \u2014efi grub2 \u2014output gentoo.iso<\/p>\n

Pas k\u00ebtij komande do t\u00eb formohet nj\u00eb imazh bootable BIOS\/UEFI ISO, duke ngarkuar Gentoo nga nj\u00eb imazh SquashFS duke p\u00ebrdorur Overlay FS, q\u00eb p\u00ebrdor tmpfs p\u00ebr ruajtjen e t\u00eb dh\u00ebnave. Baza e sistemit duhet t\u00eb nd\u00ebrtohet me mb\u00ebshtetje p\u00ebr Overlay FS me SquashFS. Megjithat\u00eb, n\u00ebse p\u00ebr ndonj\u00eb arsye kjo nuk \u00ebsht\u00eb e nevojshme, mund t\u00eb p\u00ebrdoret opsioni «—cpio» n\u00eb vend t\u00eb —squashfs, p\u00ebr t\u00eb paketuar gentoo\/ si nj\u00eb arkiv cpio, n\u00eb k\u00ebt\u00eb rast arkivi do t\u00eb zbulohet direkt n\u00eb tmpfs gjat\u00eb ngarkimit, p\u00ebr sa koh\u00eb q\u00eb ka mjaft memorie RAM p\u00ebr t\u00eb zbuluar sistemin n\u00eb tmpfs.<\/p>\n

Fakti interesant: n\u00ebse imazhi ISO i krijuar duke p\u00ebrdorur opsionin «—efi» zbulohet n\u00eb nj\u00eb USB flash FAT32 duke kopjuar thjesht skedh\u00ebn (cp -r), at\u00ebher\u00eb disku Flash do t\u00eb ngarkohet n\u00eb modalitetin UEFI pa ndonj\u00eb p\u00ebrgatitje paraprake, fal\u00eb ve\u00e7orive t\u00eb ngarkuesve UEFI.<\/p>\n

P\u00ebrve\u00e7 imazheve bootable ISO me t\u00eb nj\u00ebjtat parametra, mund t\u00eb krijohet \u00e7do medie tjet\u00ebr bootable: USB, HDD, SSD etj., duke vazhduar ta p\u00ebrdorni at\u00eb p\u00ebr q\u00ebllimin e saj origjinal. P\u00ebr k\u00ebt\u00eb, \u00ebsht\u00eb e nevojshme t\u00eb montoni, p\u00ebr shembull, nj\u00eb pajisje USB dhe t\u00eb ekzekutoni mkbootisofs mbi t\u00eb. Thjesht shtoni nj\u00eb opsion «—bootable», q\u00eb t\u00eb b\u00ebni q\u00eb disku mbi t\u00eb cilin ndodhet direktorja e caktuar t\u00eb b\u00ebhet bootable.<\/p>\n

mount \/dev\/sdb1 \/mnt
\nmkbootisofs \/mnt —overlay gentoo\/ —squashfs —legacy-boot grub2 —efi grub2 —bootable<\/p>\n

Pas k\u00ebsaj, pajisja USB do t\u00eb b\u00ebhet ngarkuese me overlay gentoo\/ (mos harroni t\u00eb kopjoni skedar\u00ebt \/boot\/vmlinuz dhe \/boot\/initrd n\u00eb pajisje). <\/p>\n

N\u00ebse p\u00ebr ndonj\u00eb arsye disku nuk \u00ebsht\u00eb montuar n\u00eb \/mnt, dhe rezulton q\u00eb \/mnt ndodhet n\u00eb pajisjen kryesore \/dev\/sda, at\u00ebher\u00eb ngarkuesi do t\u00eb shkruhet p\u00ebrs\u00ebri n\u00eb \/dev\/sda. Duhet treguar kujdes kur jepni opsionin —bootable.<\/p>\n

Gjat\u00eb procesit t\u00eb ngarkes\u00ebs, Booty mb\u00ebshtet nj\u00eb s\u00ebr\u00eb opsionesh, t\u00eb cilat mund t\u00eb p\u00ebrcaktohen n\u00eb ngarkuesin, grub.cfg ose syslinux.cfg. N\u00eb m\u00ebnyr\u00eb default, pa ndonj\u00eb opsion, ekzekutohet ngarkimi dhe shp\u00ebrndarja e t\u00eb gjitha overlay-ve n\u00eb tmpfs (opsioni default ooty.use-shmfs). P\u00ebr t\u00eb p\u00ebrdorur Overlay FS, duhet t\u00eb p\u00ebrdoret opsioni booty.use-overlayfs. Opsioni booty.copy-to-ram fillimisht kopjon overlay-t n\u00eb tmpfs, pas s\u00eb cil\u00ebs vet\u00ebm i lidh dhe ngarkon ato. Pas kopjimit, pajisja USB (ose ndonj\u00eb pajisje tjet\u00ebr) mund t\u00eb t\u00ebrhiqet.<\/p>\n

<\/a><\/noindex><\/p>\n

Burimi: opennet.ru<\/a><\/p>","protected":false,"gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"html"}]},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

\u041f\u0440\u0435\u0434\u0441\u0442\u0430\u0432\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0430 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0433\u0440\u0430\u043c\u043c\u0430 Booty, \u043a\u043e\u0442\u043e\u0440\u0430\u044f \u043f\u043e\u0437\u0432\u043e\u043b\u044f\u0435\u0442 \u043e\u0434\u043d\u043e\u0439 \u043a\u043e\u043c\u0430\u043d\u0434\u043e\u0439 \u0441\u043e\u0437\u0434\u0430\u0432\u0430\u0442\u044c \u0437\u0430\u0433\u0440\u0443\u0437\u043e\u0447\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u043e\u0431\u0440\u0430\u0437\u044b initrd, \u0444\u0430\u0439\u043b\u044b ISO \u0438\u043b\u0438 \u043d\u0430\u043a\u043e\u043f\u0438\u0442\u0435\u043b\u0438, \u0432\u043a\u043b\u044e\u0447\u0430\u044e\u0449\u0438\u0435 \u0432 \u0441\u0435\u0431\u044f \u043b\u044e\u0431\u043e\u0439 \u0434\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0440\u0438\u0431\u0443\u0442\u0438\u0432 GNU\/Linux. \u041a\u043e\u0434 \u043d\u0430\u043f\u0438\u0441\u0430\u043d \u043d\u0430 POSIX shell \u0438 \u0440\u0430\u0441\u043f\u0440\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0440\u0430\u043d\u044f\u0435\u0442\u0441\u044f \u043f\u043e\u0434 \u043b\u0438\u0446\u0435\u043d\u0437\u0438\u0435\u0439 GPLv3. \u0412\u0441\u0435 \u0434\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0440\u0438\u0431\u0443\u0442\u0438\u0432\u044b, \u0437\u0430\u0433\u0440\u0443\u0436\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u0441 \u0438\u0441\u043f\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0437\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0435\u043c Booty, \u0440\u0430\u0431\u043e\u0442\u0430\u044e\u0442 \u043b\u0438\u0431\u043e \u0432 SHMFS (tmpfs), \u043b\u0438\u0431\u043e \u0432 SquashFS + Overlay FS, \u043d\u0430 \u0432\u044b\u0431\u043e\u0440 \u043f\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0437\u043e\u0432\u0430\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044f. \u0414\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0440\u0438\u0431\u0443\u0442\u0438\u0432 \u0441\u043e\u0437\u0434\u0430\u0451\u0442\u0441\u044f \u043e\u0434\u0438\u043d \u0440\u0430\u0437, […]<\/p>\n","protected":false,"gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"html"}]},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[702],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-89721","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-news"],"aioseo_notices":[],"aioseo_head":"\n\t\t\n\t\n\t\n\t\n\t\n\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\n","aioseo_head_json":{"title":"\ud83e\udd47booty \u2014 nj\u00eb mjet p\u00ebr krijimin e imazheve ngarkuese dhe pajisjeve | ProHoster","description":"Programi Booty \u00ebsht\u00eb prezantuar, i cili lejon krijimin e imazheve ngarkuese initrd, skedar\u00ebve ISO ose pajisjeve me nj\u00eb komand\u00eb.","canonical_url":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/sq\/blog\/news\/booty-utilita-dlya-sozdaniya-zagruzochnyh-obrazov-i-nakopitelej","robots":"max-image-preview:large","keywords":"","webmasterTools":{"miscellaneous":""},"schema":null,"og:locale":"sq_AL","og:site_name":"ProHoster | \u041a\u0443\u043f\u0438\u0442\u044c \u043d\u0430\u0434\u0435\u0436\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u0445\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0438\u043d\u0433 \u0434\u043b\u044f \u0441\u0430\u0439\u0442\u043e\u0432 \u0441 \u0437\u0430\u0449\u0438\u0442\u043e\u0439 \u043e\u0442 DDoS, VPS VDS \u0441\u0435\u0440\u0432\u0435\u0440\u044b","og:type":"article","og:title":"\ud83e\udd47booty \u2014 \u0443\u0442\u0438\u043b\u0438\u0442\u0430 \u0434\u043b\u044f \u0441\u043e\u0437\u0434\u0430\u043d\u0438\u044f \u0437\u0430\u0433\u0440\u0443\u0437\u043e\u0447\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u043e\u0431\u0440\u0430\u0437\u043e\u0432 \u0438 \u043d\u0430\u043a\u043e\u043f\u0438\u0442\u0435\u043b\u0435\u0439 | ProHoster","og:description":"\u041f\u0440\u0435\u0434\u0441\u0442\u0430\u0432\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0430 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0433\u0440\u0430\u043c\u043c\u0430 Booty, \u043a\u043e\u0442\u043e\u0440\u0430\u044f \u043f\u043e\u0437\u0432\u043e\u043b\u044f\u0435\u0442 \u043e\u0434\u043d\u043e\u0439 \u043a\u043e\u043c\u0430\u043d\u0434\u043e\u0439 \u0441\u043e\u0437\u0434\u0430\u0432\u0430\u0442\u044c \u0437\u0430\u0433\u0440\u0443\u0437\u043e\u0447\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u043e\u0431\u0440\u0430\u0437\u044b initrd, \u0444\u0430\u0439\u043b\u044b ISO \u0438\u043b\u0438 \u043d\u0430\u043a\u043e\u043f\u0438\u0442\u0435\u043b\u0438.","og:url":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/sq\/blog\/news\/booty-utilita-dlya-sozdaniya-zagruzochnyh-obrazov-i-nakopitelej","og:image":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/11\/logo-350.jpg","og:image:secure_url":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/11\/logo-350.jpg","og:image:width":350,"og:image:height":350,"article:published_time":"2020-07-25T17:42:21+00:00","article:modified_time":"2020-07-25T17:42:21+00:00","article:publisher":"https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/prohoster","article:author":"https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/prohoster"},"aioseo_meta_data":{"post_id":"89721","title":null,"description":null,"keywords":null,"keyphrases":null,"primary_term":null,"canonical_url":null,"og_title":null,"og_description":null,"og_object_type":"default","og_image_type":"default","og_image_url":null,"og_image_width":null,"og_image_height":null,"og_image_custom_url":null,"og_image_custom_fields":null,"og_video":null,"og_custom_url":null,"og_article_section":null,"og_article_tags":null,"twitter_use_og":false,"twitter_card":"default","twitter_image_type":"default","twitter_image_url":null,"twitter_image_custom_url":null,"twitter_image_custom_fields":null,"twitter_title":null,"twitter_description":null,"schema":{"blockGraphs":[],"customGraphs":[],"default":{"data":{"Article":[],"Course":[],"Dataset":[],"FAQPage":[],"Movie":[],"Person":[],"Product":[],"ProductReview":[],"Car":[],"Recipe":[],"Service":[],"SoftwareApplication":[],"WebPage":[]},"graphName":"","isEnabled":true},"graphs":[]},"schema_type":null,"schema_type_options":null,"pillar_content":false,"robots_default":true,"robots_noindex":false,"robots_noarchive":false,"robots_nosnippet":false,"robots_nofollow":false,"robots_noimageindex":false,"robots_noodp":false,"robots_notranslate":false,"robots_max_snippet":null,"robots_max_videopreview":null,"robots_max_imagepreview":"large","priority":null,"frequency":null,"local_seo":null,"seo_analyzer_scan_date":null,"breadcrumb_settings":null,"limit_modified_date":false,"reviewed_by":null,"ai":null,"created":"2021-02-28 11:09:14","updated":"2022-09-27 16:18:37","focus_keyword":null,"additional_keywords":null,"truseo_locale":null},"gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"link","format":"url"}],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/sq\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/89721","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/sq\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/sq\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/sq\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/sq\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=89721"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/sq\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/89721\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/sq\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=89721"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/sq\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=89721"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/sq\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=89721"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}