{"id":96477,"date":"2020-10-12T13:42:06","date_gmt":"2020-10-12T11:42:06","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/blog\/novosti-interneta\/reliz-yadra-linux-5-9"},"modified":"2020-10-12T13:42:06","modified_gmt":"2020-10-12T11:42:06","slug":"reliz-yadra-linux-5-9","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/sq\/blog\/novosti-interneta\/reliz-yadra-linux-5-9","title":{"rendered":"L\u00ebshimi i b\u00ebrtham\u00ebs Linux 5.9","gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"text"}]},"content":{"rendered":"<p>Pas dy muajsh zhvillimi Linus Torvalds <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/lkml.org\/lkml\/2020\/10\/11\/275\">prezentoi<\/a><\/noindex> l\u00ebshimi i b\u00ebrtham\u00ebs <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/kernel.org\/\">Linux 5.9<\/a><\/noindex>. Nd\u00ebr ndryshimet m\u00eb t\u00eb dukshme: kufizimi i importeve t\u00eb simboleve nga modul\u00ebt proprietary n\u00eb modulat GPL, p\u00ebrshpejtimi i operacioneve t\u00eb nd\u00ebrrimit t\u00eb konteksteve p\u00ebrmes instrukcionit t\u00eb procesorit FSGSBASE, mb\u00ebshtetje p\u00ebr kompresimin e imazhit t\u00eb kernelit p\u00ebrmes Zstd, rivler\u00ebsimi i prioriteteve p\u00ebr thread-at n\u00eb kernel, mb\u00ebshtetje p\u00ebr protokollin PRP (Parallel Redundancy Protocol), planifikimi duke marr\u00eb parasysh kapacitetin n\u00eb planifikuesin deadline, paketimi parashikues i faqeve t\u00eb memories, flagu i aft\u00ebsis\u00eb CAP_CHECKPOINT_RESTOR, thirrja sistemike close_range(), rritja e performanc\u00ebs dm-crypt, heqja e kodit p\u00ebr sistemet nikoqire 32-bit t\u00eb Xen PV, mekanizmi i ri i menaxhimit t\u00eb memories slab, opsioni \u00abrescue\u00bb n\u00eb Btrfs, mb\u00ebshtetje p\u00ebr enkriptimin inline n\u00eb ext4 dhe F2FS.<\/p>\n<p>N\u00eb versionin e ri jan\u00eb pranuar 16074 rregullime nga 2011 zhvillues.<br \/>\nmadh\u00ebsia e patch-it \u2014 62 MB (ndryshimet prekin 14548 skedare, 782155 rreshta kodi jan\u00eb shtuar, 314792 rreshta jan\u00eb fshir\u00eb). Rreth 45% e t\u00eb gjitha gj\u00ebrave t\u00eb paraqitura n\u00eb 5.9<br \/>\nndryshimet lidhen me drejtuesit e pajisjeve, rreth 15% e ndryshimeve kan\u00eb<br \/>\nn\u00eb lidhje me p\u00ebrdit\u00ebsimin e kodit specifik p\u00ebr arkitektur\u00ebn harduerike, 13%<br \/>\nka t\u00eb b\u00ebj\u00eb me stack-un rrjetit, 3% \u2014 me sistemet e skedar\u00ebve dhe 3% me t\u00eb brendshmet<br \/>\nt\u00eb b\u00ebrtham\u00ebs.<\/p>\n<p><noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/kernelnewbies.org\/Linux_5.9\">Ndryshimet kryesore<\/a><\/noindex> <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/lwn.net\/Articles\/828385\/\">risit\u00eb<\/a><\/noindex>:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li class=\"l\"> <b>Kujtesa dhe sh\u00ebrbimet sistemore<\/b>\n<ul>\n<li class=\"l\"> <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/www.opennet.ru\/opennews\/art.shtml?num=53485\">Ngritur<\/a><\/noindex> mbrojtja nga p\u00ebrdorimi i shtresave GPL p\u00ebr lidhjen e drejtuesve pronar\u00eb me komponent\u00ebt e b\u00ebrtham\u00ebs, t\u00eb eksportuar vet\u00ebm p\u00ebr modulet n\u00ebn licenc\u00ebn GPL. Flamuri TAINT_PROPRIETARY_MODULE tani trash\u00ebgohet n\u00eb t\u00eb gjitha modulet q\u00eb importojn\u00eb simbole nga modul t\u00eb k\u00ebtij flamuri. N\u00ebse nj\u00eb modul GPL p\u00ebrpiqet t\u00eb importoj\u00eb simbole nga nj\u00eb modul jo-GPL, at\u00ebher\u00eb ky modul GPL do t\u00eb trash\u00ebgoj\u00eb etiket\u00ebn TAINT_PROPRIETARY_MODULE dhe nuk do t\u00eb mund t\u00eb aksesoj\u00eb komponent\u00ebt e b\u00ebrtham\u00ebs, t\u00eb disponuesh\u00ebm vet\u00ebm p\u00ebr modulet n\u00ebn licenc\u00ebn GPL, edhe n\u00ebse moduli m\u00eb par\u00eb kishte importuar simbole nga kategoria &#171;gplonly&#187;. Bllokimi pasiv (eksportimi vet\u00ebm i EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL n\u00eb modulet q\u00eb kan\u00eb importuar EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL), i cili mund t\u00eb kishte d\u00ebmtuar funksionimin e drejtuesve pronar\u00eb, nuk \u00ebsht\u00eb zbatuar (trashegoheshin vet\u00ebm flamuri i modulit pronar, por jo lidhja GPL).\n<li class=\"l\"> <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/git.kernel.org\/pub\/scm\/linux\/kernel\/git\/torvalds\/linux.git\/commit\/?id=facdaa917c4d5a376d09d25865f5a863f906234a\">Shtuar<\/a><\/noindex> mb\u00ebshtetje p\u00ebr mekanizmin kcompactd p\u00ebr <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/lwn.net\/Articles\/817905\/\">paketimin e parashikuesh\u00ebm t\u00eb faqeve t\u00eb memories<\/a><\/noindex> n\u00eb sfond, duke lejuar rritjen e numrit t\u00eb faqeve t\u00eb m\u00ebdha t\u00eb memories, t\u00eb disponueshme p\u00ebr b\u00ebrthamen. Sipas vler\u00ebsimeve paraprake, paketimi n\u00eb sfond me kosto minimale t\u00eb shpenzimeve lejon t\u00eb reduktohet vonesa n\u00eb alokimin e faqeve t\u00eb m\u00ebdha t\u00eb memories (huge-page) 70-80 her\u00eb n\u00eb krahasim me mekanizmin e m\u00ebparsh\u00ebm t\u00eb paketimit, i cili aktivizohej kur ishte e nevojshme (on-demand). P\u00ebr t\u00eb caktuar kufij t\u00eb fragmentimit t\u00eb jasht\u00ebm, t\u00eb cilin do ta siguroj\u00eb kcompactd, \u00ebsht\u00eb shtuar sysctl vm.compaction_proactiveness.\n<li class=\"l\"> <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/git.kernel.org\/pub\/scm\/linux\/kernel\/git\/torvalds\/linux.git\/commit\/?id=48f7ddf785af24aa380f3282d8d4400883d0099e\">Shtuar<\/a><\/noindex> mb\u00ebshtetje p\u00ebr kompresimin e imazhit t\u00eb b\u00ebrtham\u00ebs duke p\u00ebrdorur algoritmin <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/www.opennet.ru\/opennews\/art.shtml?num=45058\">Zstandard<\/a><\/noindex> (zstd).\n<li class=\"l\"> P\u00ebr sistemet x86 \u00ebsht\u00eb realizuar mb\u00ebshtetje p\u00ebr instrukcionin e procesorit <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/software.intel.com\/security-software-guidance\/best-practices\/guidance-enabling-fsgsbase\">FSGSBASE<\/a><\/noindex>, i cili lejon leximin dhe ndryshimin e p\u00ebrmbajtjes s\u00eb regjistrave FS\/GS nga hap\u00ebsira e p\u00ebrdoruesit. N\u00eb b\u00ebrtham\u00eb, FSGSBASE p\u00ebrdoret p\u00ebr t\u00eb p\u00ebrshpejtuar operacionet e kalimit t\u00eb konteksteve duke p\u00ebrjashtuar operacione t\u00eb panevojshme shkrimi MSR p\u00ebr GSBASE, dhe n\u00eb hap\u00ebsir\u00ebn e p\u00ebrdoruesit lejon shmangien e thirrjeve t\u00eb panevojshme sistemore p\u00ebr ndryshimin e FS\/GS.\n<li class=\"l\"> <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/git.kernel.org\/pub\/scm\/linux\/kernel\/git\/torvalds\/linux.git\/commit\/?id=a7e1f67ed29f\">Shtuar<\/a><\/noindex> parametri &#171;allow_writes&#187;, i cili ndalon ndryshimin e regjistrave MSR t\u00eb procesorit nga hap\u00ebsira e p\u00ebrdoruesit dhe kufizon aksesin n\u00eb p\u00ebrmbajtjen e t\u00eb dh\u00ebnave t\u00eb regjistrave p\u00ebrmes operacioneve t\u00eb leximit, pasi ndryshimi i MSR mund t\u00eb \u00e7oj\u00eb n\u00eb probleme. N\u00eb p\u00ebrputhje me standardin, regjistrimi aktuakisht nuk \u00ebsht\u00eb ndaluar, dhe ndryshimi i MSR reflektohet n\u00eb log, por n\u00eb t\u00eb ardhmen planifikohet q\u00eb t\u00eb kaloj\u00eb n\u00eb modalitetin vet\u00ebm p\u00ebr t\u00eb lexuar si standard.\n<li class=\"l\"> N\u00eb nd\u00ebrfaqen e hyrjes\/ daljes asinkrone <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/www.opennet.ru\/opennews\/art.shtml?num=50631#io_uring\">io_uring<\/a><\/noindex> u shtua mb\u00ebshtetje e plot\u00eb p\u00ebr operacionet asinkrone t\u00eb leximit me tampon, q\u00eb nuk k\u00ebrkojn\u00eb angazhimin e proceseve t\u00eb b\u00ebrtham\u00ebs. Mb\u00ebshtetje p\u00ebr shkrimin pritet n\u00eb versionin e ardhsh\u00ebm.\n<li class=\"l\"> N\u00eb planifikuesin e hyrjes\/ daljes deadline <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/git.kernel.org\/pub\/scm\/linux\/kernel\/git\/torvalds\/linux.git\/commit\/?id=65065fd70b5a\">\u00ebsht\u00eb realizuar<\/a><\/noindex> planifikimi me kujdes p\u00ebr kapacitetin, <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/lwn.net\/Articles\/821578\/\">duke lejuar<\/a><\/noindex> t\u00eb merren vendime t\u00eb sakta n\u00eb sisteme asimetrike, si\u00e7 jan\u00eb sistemet ARM mbi arkitektur\u00ebn  <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/www.arm.com\/why-arm\/technologies\/dynamiq\">DynamIQ<\/a><\/noindex> dhe big.LITTLE, q\u00eb kombinojn\u00eb n\u00eb nj\u00eb \u00e7ip b\u00ebrthama CPU t\u00eb fuqishme dhe m\u00eb pak t\u00eb prodhueshme q\u00eb jan\u00eb energjiefikase. N\u00eb ve\u00e7anti, modaliteti i ri parandalon mosp\u00ebrputhjet gjat\u00eb planifikimit, kur nj\u00eb b\u00ebrtham\u00eb e ngadalshme CPU nuk ka burimet e duhura p\u00ebr t\u00eb p\u00ebrfunduar nj\u00eb detyr\u00eb n\u00eb afatin e caktuar.\n<li class=\"l\"> Modeli i konsumit t\u00eb energjis\u00eb n\u00eb b\u00ebrtham\u00eb (frameworku i Modelit t\u00eb Energjis\u00eb) tani  <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/git.kernel.org\/linus\/7b7570ad0d76\">p\u00ebrshkruan<\/a><\/noindex> jo vet\u00ebm sjelljen e konsumit t\u00eb energjis\u00eb s\u00eb CPU-s\u00eb, por gjithashtu p\u00ebrfshin pajisjet periferike.\n<li class=\"l\"> \u00cbsht\u00eb realizuar thirrja sistemore close_range(), e cila i lejon procesit t\u00eb mbyll\u00eb nj\u00eb gam\u00eb t\u00eb t\u00ebr\u00eb t\u00eb deshifruesve t\u00eb skedar\u00ebve t\u00eb hapur.\n<li class=\"l\"> Nga realizimi i konsol\u00ebs tekstuale dhe drejtuese fbcon <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/www.opennet.ru\/opennews\/art.shtml?num=53714\">\u00ebsht\u00eb hequr kodi<\/a><\/noindex>, e cila ofron mund\u00ebsin\u00eb p\u00ebr rrotullimin programatik t\u00eb tekstit prapa (CONFIG_VGACON_SOFT_SCROLLBACK) m\u00eb shum\u00eb se sasia e memories video t\u00eb modit tekstual VGA.\n<li class=\"l\"> <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/lwn.net\/Articles\/818388\/\">Ristrukturim<\/a><\/noindex> algoritmi i caktimit t\u00eb p\u00ebrprioriteteve p\u00ebr rrjedhat brenda b\u00ebrtham\u00ebs. Varianti i ri ofron nj\u00eb koherenc\u00eb m\u00eb t\u00eb mir\u00eb n\u00eb t\u00eb gjitha n\u00ebn-sistemet e b\u00ebrtham\u00ebs kur caktohen p\u00ebrpar\u00ebsit\u00eb p\u00ebr detyrat e realitetit.\n<li class=\"l\"> Shtuar sysctl <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/git.kernel.org\/pub\/scm\/linux\/kernel\/git\/torvalds\/linux.git\/commit\/?id=1f73d1abe5836bd8ffe747ff5cb7561b17ce5bc6\">sched_uclamp_util_min_rt_default<\/a><\/noindex>  p\u00ebr t\u00eb menaxhuar parametrat e forcimit t\u00eb frekuenc\u00ebs s\u00eb CPU-s\u00eb p\u00ebr detyrat e realitetit (p\u00ebr shembull, mund t\u00eb ndryshohet n\u00eb koh\u00eb reale sjellja gjat\u00eb ekzekutimit t\u00eb detyrave t\u00eb realitetit p\u00ebr t\u00eb kursyer energji pas kalimit n\u00eb furnizim nga bateria ose n\u00eb sistemet mobile).\n<li class=\"l\"> P\u00ebrgatitjet jan\u00eb b\u00ebr\u00eb p\u00ebr realizimin e mb\u00ebshtetjes p\u00ebr teknologjin\u00eb Transparent Huge Pages n\u00eb caches e faqeve.\n<li class=\"l\"> N\u00eb mekanizmin fanotify jan\u00eb implementuar flamujt e rinj FAN_REPORT_NAME dhe FAN_REPORT_DIR_FID p\u00ebr t\u00eb transmetuar informacion mbi emrin prind dhe identifikuesin unik FID kur ndodhin ngjarje t\u00eb krijimit, fshirjes ose zhvendosjes s\u00eb elementeve t\u00eb katalogut dhe objekteve q\u00eb nuk lidhen me katalog\u00ebt.\n<li class=\"l\"> P\u00ebr cgroups <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/www.opennet.ru\/opennews\/art.shtml?num=52790\">i realizuar<\/a><\/noindex> kontrolluesi i ri i shp\u00ebrndarjes s\u00eb memories slab (kontrolluesi i memories slab), i cili \u00ebsht\u00eb i njohur p\u00ebr transferimin e llogaritjes s\u00eb slab nga niveli i faqeve t\u00eb memories n\u00eb nivelin e objekteve t\u00eb b\u00ebrtham\u00ebs, duke lejuar q\u00eb faqet e slab t\u00eb p\u00ebrdoren ndaras n\u00eb cgroup t\u00eb ndryshme, n\u00eb vend t\u00eb alokimit t\u00eb cache-ve t\u00eb ve\u00e7anta t\u00eb slab p\u00ebr secil\u00ebn cgroup. Qasja e propozuar lejon rritjen e efikasitetit t\u00eb p\u00ebrdorimit t\u00eb slab-it, duke reduktuar p\u00ebrmasat e memories s\u00eb p\u00ebrdorur p\u00ebr slab me 30-45%, duke reduktuar ndjesh\u00ebm konsumimin total t\u00eb memories nga b\u00ebrthama dhe duke ulur frakmentimin e memories.\n<li class=\"l\"> N\u00eb sistemin zvog\u00eblimor <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/www.opennet.ru\/opennews\/art.shtml?num=53404\">ALSA<\/a><\/noindex> dhe  <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/www.opennet.ru\/opennews\/art.shtml?num=53508\">n\u00eb stack-un USB<\/a><\/noindex>, n\u00eb p\u00ebrputhje me <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/www.opennet.ru\/opennews\/art.shtml?num=53342\">udhrat e pranuara s\u00eb fundmi<\/a><\/noindex> me rekomandimet p\u00ebr p\u00ebrdorimin e terminologjis\u00eb p\u00ebrfshir\u00ebse n\u00eb b\u00ebrtham\u00ebn Linux, \u00ebsht\u00eb pastruar nga terma t\u00eb papolitikisht korrekt. Kodi \u00ebsht\u00eb pastruar nga p\u00ebrdorimi i fjal\u00ebve &#171;slave&#187;, &#171;master&#187;, &#171;blacklist&#187; dhe &#171;whitelist&#187;.\n<\/ul>\n<li class=\"l\"> <b>Virtualizimi dhe siguria<\/b>\n<ul>\n<li class=\"l\"> Gjat\u00eb nd\u00ebrtimit t\u00eb b\u00ebrtham\u00ebs me p\u00ebrdorimin e kompilatorit Clang <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/git.kernel.org\/linus\/f0fe00d4972a\">ka arritur<\/a><\/noindex> mund\u00ebsia e konfigurimit (CONFIG_INIT_STACK_ALL_ZERO) p\u00ebr inicializimin automatik me vler\u00ebn zero t\u00eb t\u00eb gjith\u00eb variablave q\u00eb ruajn\u00eb n\u00eb stack (n\u00eb nd\u00ebrtim tregohet &#171;-ftrivial-auto-var-init=zero&#187;).\n<li class=\"l\"> N\u00eb n\u00ebn-sistemin seccomp, gjat\u00eb p\u00ebrdorimit t\u00eb modit t\u00eb kontrollit t\u00eb procesit n\u00eb hap\u00ebsir\u00ebn e p\u00ebrdoruesit, <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/git.kernel.org\/pub\/scm\/linux\/kernel\/git\/torvalds\/linux.git\/commit\/?id=c97aedc52dce4c87d4c44de4e6af941cd102600c\">shtuar<\/a><\/noindex> <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/git.kernel.org\/pub\/scm\/linux\/kernel\/git\/torvalds\/linux.git\/commit\/?id=7cf97b12545503992020796c74bd84078eb39299\">mund\u00ebsia<\/a><\/noindex> z\u00ebvend\u00ebsimi i descriptor\u00ebve t\u00eb skedar\u00ebve n\u00eb procesin e ndjekur p\u00ebr emulimin e plot\u00eb t\u00eb thirrjeve sistemore, q\u00eb \u00e7ojn\u00eb n\u00eb krijimin e descriptor\u00ebve t\u00eb skedar\u00ebve. Kjo funksionalitet \u00ebsht\u00eb e k\u00ebrkuar n\u00eb sistemet e izoluar t\u00eb konteiner\u00ebve dhe realizimin e sandbox p\u00ebr Chrome.\n<li class=\"l\"> P\u00ebr arkitekturat xtensa dhe csky, \u00ebsht\u00eb shtuar mb\u00ebshtetje p\u00ebr kufizimin e thirrjeve sistemore me an\u00eb t\u00eb n\u00ebn-sistemit seccomp. P\u00ebr xtensa \u00ebsht\u00eb realizuar gjithashtu mb\u00ebshtetje p\u00ebr mekanizmin e auditimit.\n<li class=\"l\"> <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/git.kernel.org\/linus\/74858abbb103\">Shtuar<\/a><\/noindex> nj\u00eb flamur t\u00eb ri capability CAP_CHECKPOINT_RESTORE, q\u00eb lejon pa transferimin e privilegjeve t\u00eb m\u00ebtejshme t\u00eb ofroj\u00eb akses n\u00eb mund\u00ebsit\u00eb e lidhura me ngrirjen dhe rikthimin e gjendjes s\u00eb proceseve.\n<li class=\"l\"> N\u00eb GCC 11 jan\u00eb realizuar t\u00eb gjitha mund\u00ebsit\u00eb e nevojshme p\u00ebr<br \/>\ninstrumentit t\u00eb depurimit KCSAN (Kernel Concurrency Sanitizer), i cili \u00ebsht\u00eb i destinuar p\u00ebr identifikimin dinamik t\u00eb gjendjeve t\u00eb gar\u00ebs brenda b\u00ebrtham\u00ebs. K\u00ebshtu, tani KCSAN mund t\u00eb p\u00ebrdoret me b\u00ebrthamat e nd\u00ebrtuara n\u00eb GCC. <\/p>\n<li class=\"l\"> p\u00ebr AMD Zen dhe modelet m\u00eb t\u00eb reja t\u00eb CPU <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/git.kernel.org\/linus\/dea286bb71baded7d2fb4f090e3b9fd2c1ccac58\">shtuar<\/a><\/noindex> mb\u00ebshtetje p\u00ebr teknologjin\u00eb P2PDMA, e cila lejon p\u00ebrdorimin e DMA p\u00ebr transferimin e drejtp\u00ebrdrejt\u00eb t\u00eb t\u00eb dh\u00ebnave midis memorjeve t\u00eb dy pajisjeve t\u00eb lidhura me autobusin PCI.\n<li class=\"l\"> nj\u00eb mod q\u00eb \u00ebsht\u00eb shtuar n\u00eb dm-crypt, duke lejuar t\u00eb reduktoj\u00eb vonesat duke kryer p\u00ebrpunimin kriptografik t\u00eb t\u00eb dh\u00ebnave pa p\u00ebrdorimin e radh\u00ebve t\u00eb pun\u00ebs. Ky mod \u00ebsht\u00eb gjithashtu i nevojsh\u00ebm p\u00ebr funksionimin e sakt\u00eb me <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/www.opennet.ru\/opennews\/art.shtml?num=52092\">zonat<\/a><\/noindex> disqe blloku (pajisje me zona q\u00eb duhet t\u00eb shkruhen n\u00eb m\u00ebnyr\u00eb sekondare me p\u00ebrdit\u00ebsimin e t\u00eb gjith\u00eb grupit t\u00eb bllokave). \u00cbsht\u00eb punuar p\u00ebr t\u00eb rritur kapacitetin dhe p\u00ebr t\u00eb ulur vonesat n\u00eb dm-crypt.\n<li class=\"l\"> Kodi i mb\u00ebshtetjes p\u00ebr sistemet 32-bit t\u00eb mysafir\u00ebve, q\u00eb funksionojn\u00eb n\u00eb m\u00ebnyr\u00ebn e paravirtualizimit n\u00ebn menaxhuesin Xen, \u00ebsht\u00eb eliminuar. P\u00ebrdoruesit e k\u00ebtyre sistemeve duhet t\u00eb kalojn\u00eb n\u00eb p\u00ebrdorimin e b\u00ebrthamave 64-bit n\u00eb ambientet e mysafir\u00ebve, ose t\u00eb p\u00ebrdorin, p\u00ebr lan\u00e7imin e ambienteve, n\u00eb vend t\u00eb paravirtualizimit (PV), modet e virtualizimit t\u00eb plot\u00eb (HVM) ose t\u00eb kombinuar (PVH).\n<\/ul>\n<li class=\"l\"> <b>Sistemi i diskut, hyrja\/ dalje dhe sistemet e skedar\u00ebve<\/b>\n<ul>\n<li class=\"l\"> N\u00eb sistemin e skedave Btrfs <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/git.kernel.org\/linus\/74ef00185eb864252156022ff129b01549504175\">\u00ebsht\u00eb realizuar<\/a><\/noindex> opsioni i montimit &#171;rescue&#187;, q\u00eb unifikon aksesin n\u00eb t\u00eb gjitha opsionet e tjera p\u00ebr rikuperim. \u00cbsht\u00eb hequr mb\u00ebshtetje p\u00ebr opsionet &#171;alloc_start&#187; dhe &#171;subvolrootid&#187;, opsioni &#171;inode_cache&#187; \u00ebsht\u00eb shpallur i vjet\u00ebruar. \u00cbsht\u00eb b\u00ebr\u00eb optimizimi i performanc\u00ebs, ve\u00e7an\u00ebrisht \u00ebsht\u00eb v\u00ebn\u00eb re p\u00ebrshpejtimi i operacioneve fsync(). <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/git.kernel.org\/pub\/scm\/linux\/kernel\/git\/torvalds\/linux.git\/commit\/?id=137c541821a83debb63b3fa8abdd1cbc41bdf3a1\">Shtuar<\/a><\/noindex> mund\u00ebsia e p\u00ebrdorimit t\u00eb llojeve alternative t\u00eb kontrolleve t\u00eb shum\u00ebs, ndryshe nga CRC32c.\n<li class=\"l\"> <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/git.kernel.org\/pub\/scm\/linux\/kernel\/git\/torvalds\/linux.git\/commit\/?id=690b25675f5c9c082cb1b902e6d21dd956754e7e\">Shtuar<\/a><\/noindex> mund\u00ebsia e p\u00ebrdorimit t\u00eb enkriptimit inline (Inline Encryption) n\u00eb sistemet e skedar\u00ebve ext4 dhe F2FS, p\u00ebr aktivizimin e t\u00eb cilit \u00ebsht\u00eb parashikuar nj\u00eb opsion montimi &#171;inlinecrypt&#187;. Rejimi i enkriptimit inline lejon angazhimin e mekanizmave t\u00eb enkriptimit t\u00eb integruar n\u00eb kontrollin e ruajt\u00ebsit, t\u00eb cil\u00ebt kryejn\u00eb enkriptim dhe dekriptim t\u00eb qart\u00eb t\u00eb hyrjes\/zhvillimit.\n<li class=\"l\"> N\u00eb XFS  <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/git.kernel.org\/pub\/scm\/linux\/kernel\/git\/torvalds\/linux.git\/commit\/?id=5631c5e0eb9035d92ceb20fcd9cdb7779a3f5cc7\">siguruar<\/a><\/noindex>  riflush inode n\u00eb nj\u00eb mod t\u00eb plot\u00eb asinkron, q\u00eb nuk bllokon proceset gjat\u00eb operacionit t\u00eb pastrimit t\u00eb memories. Problemi i gjat\u00eb me kuotat \u00ebsht\u00eb zgjidhur, i cili shkaktonte ndjekjen e gabuar t\u00eb paralajm\u00ebrimeve p\u00ebr tejkalimin e kufijve t\u00eb but\u00eb dhe kufizimeve n\u00eb numrin e inode-ve. Implementimi i mb\u00ebshtetjes DAX p\u00ebr ext4 dhe xfs \u00ebsht\u00eb unifikuar.\n<li class=\"l\"> N\u00eb Ext4 <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/git.kernel.org\/pub\/scm\/linux\/kernel\/git\/torvalds\/linux.git\/commit\/?id=cfd73237722135807967f389bcbda558a60a30d6\">\u00ebsht\u00eb realizuar<\/a><\/noindex> ngarkimi parashikues i hartave t\u00eb shp\u00ebrndarjes s\u00eb bllokave. N\u00eb kombinim me kufizimin e skanimit t\u00eb grupeve t\u00eb pap\u00ebrshkruara, optimizimi ka lejuar t\u00eb reduktohet koha e montimit t\u00eb ndarjeve shum\u00eb t\u00eb m\u00ebdha.\n<li class=\"l\"> N\u00eb F2FS <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/git.kernel.org\/linus\/9af846486d781a63de025a5f502c515268e48790\">u shtua<\/a><\/noindex> ioctl F2FS_IOC_SEC_TRIM_FILE, q\u00eb lejon p\u00ebrdorimin e komandave TRIM\/discard p\u00ebr zerozimin fizik t\u00eb t\u00eb dh\u00ebnave t\u00eb specifikuara n\u00eb skedarin, p\u00ebr shembull, p\u00ebr t\u00eb fshir\u00eb \u00e7el\u00ebsat e aksesit pa l\u00ebn\u00eb t\u00eb dh\u00ebna mbet\u00ebse n\u00eb ruajt\u00ebs.<br \/>\nN\u00eb F2FS gjithashtu <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/git.kernel.org\/linus\/0e5e81114de1c4ac32e36f057256653a04f27a33\">u shtua<\/a><\/noindex> ka nj\u00eb mod t\u00eb ri t\u00eb mbledhjes s\u00eb plehrave GC_URGENT_LOW, q\u00eb funksionon m\u00eb agresivisht duke p\u00ebrjashtuar disa verifikime t\u00eb gjendjes s\u00eb papun\u00ebsis\u00eb (idle) p\u00ebrpara fillimit t\u00eb mbledh\u00ebsit t\u00eb plehrave.<\/p>\n<li class=\"l\"> N\u00eb bcache, madh\u00ebsia e bucket_size p\u00ebr ekstenzat \u00ebsht\u00eb rritur nga 16 n\u00eb 32 bit si pjes\u00eb e p\u00ebrgatitjes p\u00ebr t\u00eb mund\u00ebsuar p\u00ebrdorimin p\u00ebr memorie t\u00eb zonuar.\n<li class=\"l\"> N\u00eb n\u00ebnsistemin SCSI \u00ebsht\u00eb shtuar mund\u00ebsia p\u00ebr p\u00ebrdorimin e enkriptimit inline me baz\u00eb mjeteve t\u00eb integruara t\u00eb enkriptimit, t\u00eb ofruara nga kontrolluesit UFS (<noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/www.kernel.org\/doc\/Documentation\/scsi\/ufs.txt\">Storage Universal Flash<\/a><\/noindex>).\n<li class=\"l\"> Shtuar nj\u00eb parameter t\u00eb ri t\u00eb linj\u00ebs s\u00eb komand\u00ebs s\u00eb b\u00ebrtham\u00ebs &#171;debugfs&#187;, q\u00eb lejon menaxhimin e disponueshm\u00ebris\u00eb s\u00eb pseudo-FS me emrin e nj\u00ebjt\u00eb.\n<li class=\"l\"> N\u00eb klientin NFSv4.2 \u00ebsht\u00eb siguruar mb\u00ebshtetje p\u00ebr atribute t\u00eb zgjeruara t\u00eb skedar\u00ebve (xattr).\n<li class=\"l\"> N\u00eb dm-dust <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/git.kernel.org\/pub\/scm\/linux\/kernel\/git\/torvalds\/linux.git\/commit\/?id=0c248ea27fc88cf8a3035ba0ed75b210be9abf80\">u shtua<\/a><\/noindex> interfaci p\u00ebr t\u00eb nxjerr\u00eb nj\u00eb her\u00eb list\u00ebn e t\u00eb gjitha bad-blek\u00ebve t\u00eb identifikuar n\u00eb disk (&#171;dmsetup message dust1 0 listbadblocks&#187;).\n<li class=\"l\"> P\u00ebr md\/raid5 \u00ebsht\u00eb shtuar parametri \/sys\/block\/md1\/md\/stripe_size p\u00ebr konfigurimin e madh\u00ebsis\u00eb s\u00eb bllokut STRIPE.\n<li class=\"l\"> P\u00ebr pajisjet e ruajtjes NVMe <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/git.kernel.org\/pub\/scm\/linux\/kernel\/git\/torvalds\/linux.git\/commit\/?id=240e6ee272c07a2636dfc7d65f5bbb18377c49e5\">shtuar<\/a><\/noindex> mb\u00ebshtetje p\u00ebr komandat p\u00ebr zonimin e magazin\u00ebs (ZNS, NVM Express Zoned Namespace), duke lejuar ndarjen e hap\u00ebsir\u00ebs p\u00ebr ruajtje n\u00eb zona q\u00eb p\u00ebrb\u00ebjn\u00eb grupe bllokesh, p\u00ebr menaxhimin m\u00eb t\u00eb plot\u00eb t\u00eb vendosjes s\u00eb t\u00eb dh\u00ebnave n\u00eb magazin\u00eb.\n<\/ul>\n<li class=\"l\"> <b>Sistemi i rrjetit<\/b>\n<ul>\n<li class=\"l\"> N\u00eb Netfilter <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/git.kernel.org\/pub\/scm\/linux\/kernel\/git\/torvalds\/linux.git\/commit\/?id=f53b9b0bdc59c0823679f2e3214e0d538f5951b9\">shtuar<\/a><\/noindex> mund\u00ebsia p\u00ebr t\u00eb refuzuar paketat n\u00eb faz\u00ebn para kontrollit t\u00eb rrug\u00ebs (shprehja REJECT tani mund t\u00eb p\u00ebrdoret jo vet\u00ebm n\u00eb zinxhir\u00ebt INPUT, FORWARD dhe OUTPUT, por edhe n\u00eb faz\u00ebn PREROUTING p\u00ebr icmp dhe tcp).\n<li class=\"l\"> N\u00eb nftables  <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/git.kernel.org\/linus\/8e6cf365e1d5c70e275a77a3c5ad7e3dc685474c\">shtuar<\/a><\/noindex> mund\u00ebsia p\u00ebr audtimin e ngjarjeve q\u00eb lidhen me ndryshimin e konfiguracionit.\n<li class=\"l\"> N\u00eb nftables n\u00eb API netlink <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/git.kernel.org\/pub\/scm\/linux\/kernel\/git\/torvalds\/linux.git\/commit\/?id=74cccc3d38438b346e40a4f8133cff3f0839ff84\">shtuar<\/a><\/noindex> mb\u00ebshtetje p\u00ebr zinxhir\u00eb anonim\u00eb, emri i t\u00eb cil\u00ebve caktohet dinamikisht nga b\u00ebrthama. Kur fshihet rregulli i lidhur me zinxhirin anonim, zinxhirin vet\u00eb e fshin automatikisht.\n<li class=\"l\"> N\u00eb BPF \u00ebsht\u00eb shtuar mb\u00ebshtetje p\u00ebr iterator\u00ebt p\u00ebr t\u00eb p\u00ebrshkruar, filtruar dhe ndryshuar element\u00ebt e dyjave asociative (map) pa kopjuar t\u00eb dh\u00ebnat n\u00eb hap\u00ebsir\u00ebn e p\u00ebrdoruesit. Iterator\u00ebt mund t\u00eb p\u00ebrdoren p\u00ebr soket\u00eb TCP dhe UDP, duke lejuar q\u00eb programet BPF t\u00eb kalojn\u00eb n\u00ebp\u00ebr lista soketesh t\u00eb hapura dhe t\u00eb nxjerrin informacionin e nevojsh\u00ebm prej tyre.\n<li class=\"l\"> \u00cbsht\u00eb shtuar nj\u00eb lloj i ri programesh BPF BPF_PROG_TYPE_SK_LOOKUP, q\u00eb aktivizohen n\u00eb momentin kur b\u00ebrthama k\u00ebrkon nj\u00eb soket t\u00eb p\u00ebrshtatsh\u00ebm p\u00ebr lidhjen e ardhshme. Me ndihm\u00ebn e nj\u00eb programi t\u00eb till\u00eb BPF, mund t\u00eb krijoni trajtues q\u00eb vendosin se me cilin soket duhet t\u00eb asociohen lidhjet, pa u kufizuar nga thirrja e sistemit bind(). P\u00ebr shembull, \u00ebsht\u00eb e mundur t\u00eb organizoni lidhjen e nj\u00eb soketi me nj\u00eb gam\u00eb adresash ose portesh. P\u00ebr m\u00eb tep\u00ebr, n\u00eb bpf_setsockopt() \u00ebsht\u00eb shtuar mb\u00ebshtetje p\u00ebr flagun SO_KEEPALIVE dhe \u00ebsht\u00eb zbatuar mund\u00ebsia p\u00ebr t\u00eb vendosur trajtues BPF_CGROUP_INET_SOCK_RELEASE, q\u00eb thirren kur lirohet soketi.\n<li class=\"l\"> \u00cbsht\u00eb implementuar mb\u00ebshtetje p\u00ebr protokollin <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Parallel_Redundancy_Protocol\">PRP<\/a><\/noindex> (Protokolli i Redundanc\u00ebs Paralele), q\u00eb mund\u00ebson q\u00eb mbi Ethernet t\u00eb realizohet kalimi transparent p\u00ebr aplikacionet n\u00eb nj\u00eb kanal rezerv\u00eb n\u00eb rast d\u00ebshtimi t\u00eb \u00e7do komponenti t\u00eb rrjetit.\n<li class=\"l\"> N\u00eb stakun mac80211 <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/git.kernel.org\/pub\/scm\/linux\/kernel\/git\/torvalds\/linux.git\/commit\/?id=f96622749a67d40ad5efe8a58d5fc95313097aa0\">shtuar<\/a><\/noindex> mb\u00ebshtetje p\u00ebr kat\u00ebr fazat e marr\u00ebveshjes s\u00eb kanaleve WPA\/WPA2-PSK n\u00eb modalitetin e pik\u00ebs s\u00eb qasjes.\n<li class=\"l\"> Shtuar mund\u00ebsin\u00eb p\u00ebr t\u00eb kaluar planifikuesin qdisc (disciplina e radhitjes) n\u00eb p\u00ebrdorimin si t\u00eb parazgjedhur t\u00eb algoritmit t\u00eb menaxhimit t\u00eb radh\u00ebve t\u00eb rrjetit FQ-PIE (Flow Queue PIE), i orientuar p\u00ebr t\u00eb ulur ndikimin negativ t\u00eb tamponimeve nd\u00ebrmjetese t\u00eb paketave n\u00eb pajisjet kufitare t\u00eb rrjetit (bufferbloat) n\u00eb rrjetet me modem\u00eb kabllor\u00eb.\n<li class=\"l\"> Shtuar mund\u00ebsi t\u00eb reja n\u00eb MPTCP (MultiPath TCP), zgjerime t\u00eb protokollit TCP p\u00ebr organizimin e funksionimit t\u00eb lidhjes TCP me d\u00ebrgimin e paketave n\u00eb t\u00eb nj\u00ebjt\u00ebn koh\u00eb p\u00ebrmes disa rrug\u00ebve p\u00ebrmes nd\u00ebrfaqeve t\u00eb ndryshme rrjeti, t\u00eb lidhura me adresa t\u00eb ndryshme IP. Shtuar mb\u00ebshtetje p\u00ebr syn cookie, DATA_FIN, auto-konfigurimin e tamponve, diagnostikimin e soketeve dhe p\u00ebrdorimin e flagjeve REUSEADDR, REUSEPORT dhe V6ONLY n\u00eb setsockopt.\n<li class=\"l\"> P\u00ebr tabelat virtuale t\u00eb rrug\u00ebzimit VRF (Virtual Routing and Forwarding), t\u00eb cilat lejojn\u00eb organizimin e pun\u00ebs s\u00eb disa domeneve t\u00eb rrug\u00ebzimit n\u00eb nj\u00eb sistem, \u00ebsht\u00eb realizuar nj\u00eb rejim &#171;strict&#187;. N\u00eb k\u00ebt\u00eb rejim, tabela virtuale mund t\u00eb asociohet vet\u00ebm me tabel\u00ebn e rrug\u00ebzimit q\u00eb nuk p\u00ebrdoret n\u00eb tabelat e tjera virtuale.\n<li class=\"l\"> N\u00eb driverin wireless ath11k <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/git.kernel.org\/pub\/scm\/linux\/kernel\/git\/torvalds\/linux.git\/commit\/?id=c5625abaf8266307d2237a75143b27be7afafcdf\">shtuar<\/a><\/noindex> p\u00ebrkrahje p\u00ebr frekuenc\u00ebn 6GHz dhe <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/git.kernel.org\/pub\/scm\/linux\/kernel\/git\/torvalds\/linux.git\/commit\/?id=9d11b7bff9508101d05f06e461ab81b5f0dc90ae\">skanimin spektral<\/a><\/noindex>.\n<\/ul>\n<li class=\"l\"> <b>Pajisjet<\/b>\n<ul>\n<li class=\"l\"> Kodi p\u00ebr mb\u00ebshtetje t\u00eb arkitektur\u00ebs UniCore, e zhvilluar n\u00eb qendr\u00ebn e mikroprocesor\u00ebve t\u00eb Universitetit t\u00eb Pekinit dhe e p\u00ebrfshir\u00eb n\u00eb b\u00ebrtham\u00ebn Linux n\u00eb vitin 2011 \u00ebsht\u00eb fshir\u00eb. Kjo arkitektur\u00eb ka qen\u00eb pa mb\u00ebshtetje q\u00eb nga viti 2014 dhe nuk ka mb\u00ebshtetje n\u00eb GCC.\n<li class=\"l\"> P\u00ebr arkitektur\u00ebn RISC-V \u00ebsht\u00eb realizuar mb\u00ebshtetja p\u00ebr <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/www.kernel.org\/doc\/html\/v4.17\/dev-tools\/kcov.html\">kcov<\/a><\/noindex> (interfaci debugfs p\u00ebr analiz\u00ebn e mbulimit t\u00eb kodit t\u00eb b\u00ebrtham\u00ebs), kmemleak (sistemi p\u00ebr identifikimin e rrjedhjeve t\u00eb memories), mbrojtja e stack-ut, etiketat e kalimeve dhe operacionet tickless (multitasking t\u00eb pavarur nga sinjalet e timer-it).\n<li class=\"l\"> P\u00ebr arkitektur\u00ebn PowerPC \u00ebsht\u00eb realizuar mb\u00ebshtetja p\u00ebr radh\u00ebt p\u00ebr spinlock, e cila ka lejuar nj\u00eb rritje t\u00eb shkall\u00ebs s\u00eb performanc\u00ebs n\u00eb situatat e konfliktit t\u00eb bllokimeve.\n<li class=\"l\"> P\u00ebr arkitektur\u00ebn ARM dhe ARM64, mekanizmi i rregullimit t\u00eb frekuenc\u00ebs s\u00eb procesorit aktivizohet si parazgjedhje. <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/www.kernel.org\/doc\/Documentation\/cpu-freq\/governors.txt\">schedutil<\/a><\/noindex> (guvernatori cpufreq), i cili p\u00ebrdor informacion direkt nga plani i detyrave p\u00ebr t\u00eb marr\u00eb vendime mbi ndryshimin e frekuenc\u00ebs dhe mund t\u00eb kontaktoj\u00eb menj\u00ebher\u00eb me drejtuesit cpufreq p\u00ebr t\u00eb ndryshuar menjeher\u00eb frekuenc\u00ebn, duke p\u00ebrshtatur parametrat e funksionimit t\u00eb CPU-s\u00eb me ngarkes\u00ebn aktuale.\n<li class=\"l\"> N\u00eb drejtuesin DRM i915 p\u00ebr kartat grafike Intel, mb\u00ebshtetja p\u00ebr \u00e7ipat e bazuar n\u00eb mikroarkitektur\u00ebn <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Rocket_Lake\">Rocket Lake<\/a><\/noindex> \u00ebsht\u00eb e aktivizuar dhe \u00ebsht\u00eb shtuar mb\u00ebshtetje fillestare p\u00ebr kartat diskrete. <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/www.theverge.com\/2020\/1\/9\/21058422\/intel-dg1-discrete-gpu-graphics-card-announcement-ces-2020\">Intel Xe DG1<\/a><\/noindex>.\n<li class=\"l\"> N\u00eb drejtuesin amdgpu \u00ebsht\u00eb shtuar mb\u00ebshtetje fillestare p\u00ebr GPU-t\u00eb AMD <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/git.kernel.org\/torvalds\/c\/206739119508d5ab4b42ab480ff61a7e6cd72d7c\">Navi 21<\/a><\/noindex> (Navy Flounder) dhe <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/git.kernel.org\/torvalds\/c\/9555152beb1143c85c03f9b9de59863cbbe89f4b\">Navi 22<\/a><\/noindex> (Sienna Cichlid). \u00cbsht\u00eb shtuar mb\u00ebshtetje p\u00ebr motor\u00ebt e p\u00ebrshpejtimit t\u00eb kodimit dhe dekodimit t\u00eb videos UVD\/VCE p\u00ebr GPU Southern Islands (Radeon HD 7000).<br \/>\n\u00cbsht\u00eb shtuar nj\u00eb pron\u00eb p\u00ebr rotacionin e shfaqjes n\u00eb 90, 180 ose 270 grad\u00eb. <\/p>\n<p>\u00cbsht\u00eb interesante se drejtuesi p\u00ebr GPU-t\u00eb AMD <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/www.phoronix.com\/scan.php?page=news_item&#038;px=Linux-5.9-AMDGPU-Stats\">\u00ebsht\u00eb<\/a><\/noindex> sh\u00ebrbimi m\u00eb i madh n\u00eb b\u00ebrtham\u00eb - p\u00ebrmban rreth 2.71 milion rreshta kodi, q\u00eb p\u00ebrb\u00ebn rreth 10% t\u00eb madh\u00ebsis\u00eb totale t\u00eb b\u00ebrtham\u00ebs (27.81 milion rreshta). Nga k\u00ebto, 1.79 milion rreshta jan\u00eb t\u00eb p\u00ebrfshir\u00eb nga skedar\u00ebt e titullit t\u00eb gjeneruar automatikisht me t\u00eb dh\u00ebna p\u00ebr regjistrat GPU, nd\u00ebrsa kodi C p\u00ebrb\u00ebn 366 mij\u00eb rreshta (p\u00ebr krahasim, drejtuesi Intel i915 p\u00ebrmban 209 mij\u00eb rreshta, nd\u00ebrsa Nouveau - 149 mij\u00eb).<\/p>\n<li class=\"l\"> N\u00eb drejtuesin Nouveau <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/git.kernel.org\/pub\/scm\/linux\/kernel\/git\/torvalds\/linux.git\/commit\/?id=12885ecbfe62df4358d452080d3b8feef54ec8cb\">shtuar<\/a><\/noindex> mb\u00ebshtetje p\u00ebr verifikimin e integritetit p\u00ebr \u00e7do korniz\u00eb p\u00ebrmes <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/github.com\/NVIDIA\/open-gpu-doc\/blob\/master\/Display-CRC\/display-crc.txt\">CRC<\/a><\/noindex> (Kontrolli i Redundanc\u00ebs Cyklike) n\u00eb motor\u00ebt grafik NVIDIA. Zbatimi bazohet n\u00eb dokumentacionin e siguruar nga kompania NVIDIA.\n<li class=\"l\"> Drejtuar p\u00ebr panele LCD: Frida FRD350H54004, KOE TX26D202VM0BWA, CDTech S070PWS19HP-FC21, CDTech S070SWV29HG-DC44, Tianma TM070JVHG33 dhe Xingbangda XBD599.\n<li class=\"l\"> N\u00eb sistemin audio ALSA \u00ebsht\u00eb realizuar mb\u00ebshtetje p\u00ebr <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/git.kernel.org\/pub\/scm\/linux\/kernel\/git\/tiwai\/sound.git\/commit\/?h=for-next&#038;id=951894cf30f417443d9e0eda33312613c2a7edf6\">Intel Silent Stream<\/a><\/noindex> (modalitet i mbajtjes s\u00eb vazhdueshme t\u00eb energjis\u00eb p\u00ebr pajisjet HDMI t\u00eb jashtme p\u00ebr t\u00eb eliminuar vonesat kur fillon riprodhimi) dhe  <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/git.kernel.org\/pub\/scm\/linux\/kernel\/git\/tiwai\/sound.git\/commit\/?h=for-next&#038;id=c7440acc859778eed74b223fc41f094133aeaaf0\">nj\u00eb pajisje t\u00eb re<\/a><\/noindex> p\u00ebr menaxhimin e ndri\u00e7imit t\u00eb d\u00fcy\u00e8 zbuluesve t\u00eb mikrofonit dhe ndalimin e z\u00ebrit, si dhe \u00ebsht\u00eb shtuar mb\u00ebshtetje p\u00ebr pajisje t\u00eb reja, duke p\u00ebrfshir\u00eb kontrolluesin <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/git.kernel.org\/pub\/scm\/linux\/kernel\/git\/tiwai\/sound.git\/commit\/?h=for-next&#038;id=61eee4a7fc406f94e441778c3cecbbed30373c89\">Loongson 7A1000<\/a><\/noindex>.\n<li class=\"l\"> P\u00ebrkrahja p\u00ebr platformat ARM, pajisjet dhe platforma t\u00eb reja \u00ebsht\u00eb shtuar: Pine64 PinePhone v1.2, Lenovo IdeaPad Duet 10.1, ASUS Google Nexus 7, Acer Iconia Tab A500, Qualcomm Snapdragon SDM630 (p\u00ebrdoret n\u00eb Sony Xperia 10, 10 Plus, XA2, XA2 Plus dhe XA2 Ultra), Jetson Xavier NX, Amlogic WeTek Core2, Aspeed EthanolX, pes\u00eb plakan t\u00eb reja t\u00eb bazuara n\u00eb NXP i.MX6, MikroTik RouterBoard 3011, Xiaomi Libra, Microsoft Lumia 950, Sony Xperia Z5, MStar, Microchip Sparx5, Intel Keem Bay, Amazon Alpine v3, Renesas RZ\/G2H.\n<\/ul>\n<\/ul>\n<p>Nj\u00ebkoh\u00ebsisht Fondi Latino-Amerikan i Softuerit t\u00eb Lir\u00eb <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"http:\/\/www.fsfla.org\/ikiwiki\/selibre\/linux-libre\/\">formoi<\/a><\/noindex><br \/>\nopsion <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"http:\/\/www.fsfla.org\/ikiwiki\/selibre\/linux-libre\/\">n\u00eb kernelin plot\u00ebsisht t\u00eb lir\u00eb 5.9<\/a><\/noindex> &#8212; <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"http:\/\/linux-libre.fsfla.org\/pub\/linux-libre\/releases\/5.9-gnu\/\">Linux-libre 5.9-gnu<\/a><\/noindex>, i pastruar nga elementet e firmware-it dhe drejtueseve q\u00eb p\u00ebrmbajn\u00eb komponente ose pjes\u00eb kodi t\u00eb paarritshme ose t\u00eb kufizuara nga prodhuesi. N\u00eb k\u00ebt\u00eb nxjerrje, \u00ebsht\u00eb \u00e7aktivizuar ngarkimi i blob-eve n\u00eb drejtuesit p\u00ebr WiFi rtw8821c dhe SoC MediaTek mt8183. Kodi p\u00ebr pastrimin e blob-eve n\u00eb drejtuesit dhe n\u00ebn-sistemet Habanalabs, Wilc1000, amdgpu, mt7615, i915 CSR, Mellanox mlxsw (Spectrum3), r8169 (rtl8125b-2) dhe x86 touchscreen \u00ebsht\u00eb p\u00ebrmir\u00ebsuar.<\/p>\n<p><noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" name=\"link\"><\/a><\/noindex><\/p>\n<p>Burimi: <a \ncontent=\"nofollow\" rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/www.opennet.ru\/opennews\/art.shtml?num=53830\">opennet.ru<\/a><\/p>","protected":false,"gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"html"}]},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u041f\u043e\u0441\u043b\u0435 \u0434\u0432\u0443\u0445 \u043c\u0435\u0441\u044f\u0446\u0435\u0432 \u0440\u0430\u0437\u0440\u0430\u0431\u043e\u0442\u043a\u0438 \u041b\u0438\u043d\u0443\u0441 \u0422\u043e\u0440\u0432\u0430\u043b\u044c\u0434\u0441 \u043f\u0440\u0435\u0434\u0441\u0442\u0430\u0432\u0438\u043b \u0440\u0435\u043b\u0438\u0437 \u044f\u0434\u0440\u0430 Linux 5.9. \u0421\u0440\u0435\u0434\u0438 \u043d\u0430\u0438\u0431\u043e\u043b\u0435\u0435 \u0437\u0430\u043c\u0435\u0442\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u0438\u0437\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0439: \u043e\u0433\u0440\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0447\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u0438\u043c\u043f\u043e\u0440\u0442\u0430 \u0441\u0438\u043c\u0432\u043e\u043b\u043e\u0432 \u0438\u0437 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u043f\u0440\u0438\u0435\u0442\u0430\u0440\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u043c\u043e\u0434\u0443\u043b\u0435\u0439 \u0432 GPL-\u043c\u043e\u0434\u0443\u043b\u0438, \u0443\u0441\u043a\u043e\u0440\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u043e\u043f\u0435\u0440\u0430\u0446\u0438\u0439 \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0435\u043a\u043b\u044e\u0447\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f \u043a\u043e\u043d\u0442\u0435\u043a\u0441\u0442\u0430 \u043f\u0440\u0438 \u043f\u043e\u043c\u043e\u0449\u0438 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0446\u0435\u0441\u0441\u043e\u0440\u043d\u043e\u0439 \u0438\u043d\u0441\u0442\u0440\u0443\u043a\u0446\u0438\u0438 FSGSBASE, \u043f\u043e\u0434\u0434\u0435\u0440\u0436\u043a\u0430 \u0441\u0436\u0430\u0442\u0438\u044f \u043e\u0431\u0440\u0430\u0437\u0430 \u044f\u0434\u0440\u0430 \u043f\u0440\u0438 \u043f\u043e\u043c\u043e\u0449\u0438 Zstd, \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0440\u0430\u0431\u043e\u0442\u043a\u0430 \u0440\u0430\u0441\u0441\u0442\u0430\u043d\u043e\u0432\u043a\u0438 \u043f\u0440\u0438\u043e\u0440\u0438\u0442\u0435\u0442\u043e\u0432 \u0434\u043b\u044f \u043f\u043e\u0442\u043e\u043a\u043e\u0432 \u0432 \u044f\u0434\u0440\u0435, \u043f\u043e\u0434\u0434\u0435\u0440\u0436\u043a\u0430 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0442\u043e\u043a\u043e\u043b\u0430 PRP (Parallel Redundancy Protocol), \u043f\u043b\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u0441 \u0443\u0447\u0451\u0442\u043e\u043c [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false,"gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"html"}]},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[702],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-96477","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-novosti-interneta"],"aioseo_notices":[],"aioseo_head":"\n\t\t<!-- All in One SEO 4.9.10 - aioseo.com -->\n\t<meta name=\"description\" content=\"\u041f\u043e\u0441\u043b\u0435 \u0434\u0432\u0443\u0445 \u043c\u0435\u0441\u044f\u0446\u0435\u0432 \u0440\u0430\u0437\u0440\u0430\u0431\u043e\u0442\u043a\u0438 \u041b\u0438\u043d\u0443\u0441 \u0422\u043e\u0440\u0432\u0430\u043b\u044c\u0434\u0441 \u043f\u0440\u0435\u0434\u0441\u0442\u0430\u0432\u0438\u043b \u0440\u0435\u043b\u0438\u0437 \u044f\u0434\u0440\u0430 Linux 5.9. \u0421\u0440\u0435\u0434\u0438 \u043d\u0430\u0438\u0431\u043e\u043b\u0435\u0435 \u0437\u0430\u043c\u0435\u0442\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u0438\u0437\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0439: \u043e\u0433\u0440\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0447\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u0438\u043c\u043f\u043e\u0440\u0442\u0430 \u0441\u0438\u043c\u0432\u043e\u043b\u043e\u0432 \u0438\u0437 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u043f\u0440\u0438\u0435\u0442\u0430\u0440\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u043c\u043e\u0434\u0443\u043b\u0435\u0439 \u0432 GPL-\u043c\u043e\u0434\u0443\u043b\u0438, \u0443\u0441\u043a\u043e\u0440\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u043e\u043f\u0435\u0440\u0430\u0446\u0438\u0439 \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0435\u043a\u043b\u044e\u0447\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f \u043a\u043e\u043d\u0442\u0435\u043a\u0441\u0442\u0430 \u043f\u0440\u0438 \u043f\u043e\u043c\u043e\u0449\u0438 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0446\u0435\u0441\u0441\u043e\u0440\u043d\u043e\u0439 \u0438\u043d\u0441\u0442\u0440\u0443\u043a\u0446\u0438\u0438 FSGSBASE, \u043f\u043e\u0434\u0434\u0435\u0440\u0436\u043a\u0430 \u0441\u0436\u0430\u0442\u0438\u044f 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