{"id":99453,"date":"2021-03-17T04:22:35","date_gmt":"2021-03-17T02:22:35","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/blog\/novosti-interneta\/vypusk-java-se-16"},"modified":"2021-03-17T04:22:35","modified_gmt":"2021-03-17T02:22:35","slug":"vypusk-java-se-16","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/sq\/blog\/news\/vypusk-java-se-16","title":{"rendered":"L\u00ebshimi i Java SE 16","gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"text"}]},"content":{"rendered":"
Pas seis muajsh zhvillimi, kompania Oracle publikoi platform\u00ebn Java SE 16 (Java Platform, Standard Edition 16), p\u00ebr t\u00eb cil\u00ebn p\u00ebrdoret si realizimi referenc\u00eb projekti i hapur OpenJDK. N\u00eb Java SE 16 \u00ebsht\u00eb ruajtur p\u00ebrputhshm\u00ebria me versionet e kaluara t\u00eb platform\u00ebs Java, t\u00eb gjitha projektet Java t\u00eb shkrura m\u00eb par\u00eb do t\u00eb funksionojn\u00eb pa ndryshime kur ekzekutohen n\u00ebn menaxhimin e versionit t\u00eb ri. Nd\u00ebrtimet e gatshme p\u00ebr instalim t\u00eb Java SE 16 (JDK, JRE dhe Server JRE) jan\u00eb p\u00ebrgatitur p\u00ebr Linux (x86_64, AArch64), Windows dhe macOS. Realizimi referenc\u00eb i Java 16, i zhvilluar n\u00eb kuad\u00ebr t\u00eb projektit OpenJDK, \u00ebsht\u00eb plot\u00ebsisht i hapur n\u00ebn licenc\u00ebn GPLv2 me p\u00ebrjashtime t\u00eb GNU ClassPath, duke lejuar lidhjen dinamike me produkte komerciale. <\/p>\n
Java SE 16 \u00ebsht\u00eb klasifikuar n\u00eb kategorin\u00eb e l\u00ebshimeve me afat t\u00eb zakonsh\u00ebm mb\u00ebshtetjeje, p\u00ebr t\u00eb cilat do t\u00eb l\u00ebshohen p\u00ebrdit\u00ebsime deri n\u00eb l\u00ebshimin e ardhsh\u00ebm. Si deg\u00eb me afat t\u00eb gjat\u00eb mb\u00ebshtetjeje (LTS), duhet t\u00eb p\u00ebrdoret Java SE 11, p\u00ebrdit\u00ebsimet e t\u00eb cil\u00ebs do t\u00eb l\u00ebshohen deri n\u00eb vitin 2026. L\u00ebshimi i ardhsh\u00ebm LTS \u00ebsht\u00eb planifikuar p\u00ebr shtator 2021. Kujtojm\u00eb se, q\u00eb nga l\u00ebshimi i Java 10, projekti ka kaluar n\u00eb nj\u00eb proces t\u00eb ri zhvillimi, q\u00eb n\u00ebnkupton nj\u00eb cik\u00ebl m\u00eb t\u00eb shkurt\u00ebr formimi t\u00eb l\u00ebshimeve t\u00eb reja. Funksionaliteti i ri tani zhvillohet n\u00eb nj\u00eb deg\u00eb master q\u00eb p\u00ebrdit\u00ebsohet vazhdimisht, n\u00eb t\u00eb cil\u00ebn p\u00ebrfshihen ndryshimet e gatshme dhe nga e cila deg\u00ebt p\u00ebr stabilizimin e l\u00ebshimeve t\u00eb reja ndahen \u00e7do gjasht\u00eb muaj. <\/p>\n
Gjat\u00eb p\u00ebrgatitjes s\u00eb l\u00ebshimit t\u00eb ri, zhvillimi \u00ebsht\u00eb transferuar nga sistemi i menaxhimit t\u00eb versioneve Mercurial n\u00eb Git dhe platform\u00ebn e zhvillimit bashk\u00ebpunues GitHub. Pritet q\u00eb migrimi t\u00eb rris\u00eb produktivitetin e operacioneve me repositorin\u00eb, t\u00eb rrit\u00eb efikasitetin e ruajtjes, t\u00eb siguroj\u00eb qasje n\u00eb ndryshimet gjat\u00eb gjith\u00eb historis\u00eb s\u00eb projektit, t\u00eb p\u00ebrmir\u00ebsoj\u00eb mb\u00ebshtetje p\u00ebr rishikimin e kodit dhe t\u00eb angazhoj\u00eb API p\u00ebr automatizimin e proceseve t\u00eb pun\u00ebs. P\u00ebr m\u00eb tep\u00ebr, p\u00ebrdorimi i Git dhe GitHub b\u00ebn projektin m\u00eb t\u00ebrheq\u00ebs p\u00ebr fillestar\u00ebt dhe zhvilluesit q\u00eb jan\u00eb m\u00ebsuar me Git. <\/p>\n
Nga risit\u00eb e Java 16 mund t\u00eb p\u00ebrmenden: <\/p>\n
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Moduli eksperimental jdk.incubator.vector \u00ebsht\u00eb shtuar me implementimin e API Vector, i cili ofron funksione p\u00ebr llogaritjet vektoriale, t\u00eb cilat realizohen duke p\u00ebrdorur instrukcionet vektoriale t\u00eb procesor\u00ebve x86_64 dhe AArch64, dhe lejojn\u00eb aplikimin e operacioneve p\u00ebr disa vlera n\u00eb t\u00eb nj\u00ebjt\u00ebn koh\u00eb (SIMD). Ndryshe nga mund\u00ebsit\u00eb q\u00eb ofrohen n\u00eb kompilatorin JIT HotSpot p\u00ebr avokatur\u00ebn automatike t\u00eb operacioneve skalar\u00eb, API i ri lejon kontrollin e qart\u00eb t\u00eb vektorizimit p\u00ebr p\u00ebrpunimin paralel t\u00eb t\u00eb dh\u00ebnave.\n
N\u00eb kodin e JDK dhe VM HotSpot, i shkruar n\u00eb C++, \u00ebsht\u00eb lejuar p\u00ebrdorimi i mund\u00ebsive t\u00eb reja q\u00eb jan\u00eb b\u00ebr\u00eb t\u00eb disponueshme n\u00eb specifikimin C++14. M\u00eb par\u00eb ishte e lejueshme p\u00ebrdorimi i standardeve C++98\/03.\n
N\u00eb mbledh\u00ebsin e mbetjeve ZGC (Z Garbage Collector), q\u00eb funksionon n\u00eb modin pasiv dhe redukton sa m\u00eb shum\u00eb t\u00eb jet\u00eb e mundur vonesat p\u00ebr shkak t\u00eb mbledhjes s\u00eb mbetjeve, \u00ebsht\u00eb shtuar mund\u00ebsia e p\u00ebrpunimit paralel t\u00eb stekave t\u00eb rrjedhave pa nd\u00ebrprerjen e ekzekutimit t\u00eb rrjedhave t\u00eb aplikacionit. Tani n\u00eb ZGC kan\u00eb mbetur vet\u00ebm ata q\u00eb k\u00ebrkojn\u00eb ndaljen e operimit, t\u00eb cilat kan\u00eb vonesa t\u00eb p\u00ebrhershme, zakonisht t\u00eb pakta, q\u00eb nuk kalojn\u00eb disa qindra mikrosekonda.\n
\u00cbsht\u00eb realizuar nj\u00eb port p\u00ebr distribuimin e Linux Alpine me bibliotek\u00ebn standarde C musl, e cila \u00ebsht\u00eb e njohur n\u00eb mjediset p\u00ebr konteiner\u00eb, mikrosisteme, sisteme cloud dhe t\u00eb integruara. Porti i propozuar n\u00eb k\u00ebto mjedise lejon ekzekutimin e programeve n\u00eb Java si aplikacione t\u00eb zakonshme. P\u00ebr m\u00eb tep\u00ebr, me ndihm\u00ebn e jlink, mund t\u00eb hiqen t\u00eb gjitha modulat q\u00eb nuk p\u00ebrdoren dhe t\u00eb formohet nj\u00eb mjedis minimal, i mjaftuesh\u00ebm p\u00ebr t\u00eb ekzekutuar aplikacionin, i cili mund\u00ebson krijimin e imazheve kompakte specifike p\u00ebr aplikacione t\u00eb caktuara.\n
Implementimi i Elastic Metaspace \u00ebsht\u00eb realizuar, duke optimizuar operacionet e ndarjes dhe kthimit t\u00eb memories q\u00eb z\u00eb metadata e klasave (metaspace) n\u00eb JVM HotSpot. P\u00ebrdorimi i Elastic Metaspace ul fragmentimin e memories, zvog\u00eblon shpenzimet n\u00eb ngarkuesin e klasave, si dhe ndikon pozitivisht n\u00eb performanc\u00ebn e aplikacioneve server gjat\u00eb koh\u00ebzgjatjes, p\u00ebr shkak t\u00eb kthimit m\u00eb t\u00eb shpejt\u00eb t\u00eb memories q\u00eb z\u00eb metadata e klasave t\u00eb pa p\u00ebrdorura n\u00eb sistemin operativ. P\u00ebr t\u00eb zgjedhur modin e lirimit t\u00eb memories pas shkarkimit t\u00eb klasave, \u00ebsht\u00eb propozuar opcioni '-XX:MetaspaceReclaimPolicy=(balanced|aggressive|none)'.\n
P\u00ebrdorimi i portit JDK \u00ebsht\u00eb shtuar p\u00ebr sistemet Windows q\u00eb punojn\u00eb me pajisje t\u00eb bazuara n\u00eb arkitektur\u00ebn AArch64.\n
Propozohet nj\u00eb variant i tret\u00eb i parakohsh\u00ebm i API-s\u00eb Foreign-Memory Access, q\u00eb lejon aplikacionet Java t\u00eb aksesojn\u00eb n\u00eb m\u00ebnyr\u00eb t\u00eb sigurt dhe efektive zonat e memories jasht\u00eb heaps Java duke manipuluar me abstraksionet e reja MemorySegment, MemoryAddress dhe MemoryLayout.\n
APi eksperimental Foreign Linker \u00ebsht\u00eb realizuar, duke siguruar akses nga Java n\u00eb kodin natyror. Bashk\u00eb me API-n\u00eb Foreign-Memory, kjo nd\u00ebrfaqe e re e softuerit ndihmon ndjesh\u00ebm n\u00eb thjeshtimin e krijimit t\u00eb mb\u00ebshtetjeve mbi bibliotekat e zakonshme t\u00eb ndara.\n
Nj\u00eb utilitet jpackage \u00ebsht\u00eb shtuar, duke lejuar krijimin e paketave p\u00ebr aplikacione autonome Java. Ky utilitet bazohet n\u00eb javapackager nga JavaFX dhe lejon formimin e paketave n\u00eb formate native p\u00ebr platforma t\u00eb ndryshme (msi dhe exe p\u00ebr Windows, pkg dhe dmg p\u00ebr macOS, deb dhe rpm p\u00ebr Linux). Paketat p\u00ebrfshijn\u00eb t\u00eb gjitha var\u00ebsit\u00eb e nevojshme.\n
Inkuadron automatikisht inkapsulimin e rrept\u00eb t\u00eb t\u00eb gjitha elementeve t\u00eb brendshme t\u00eb JDK, p\u00ebrve\u00e7 API-ve kritike, si\u00e7 \u00ebsht\u00eb sun.misc.Unsafe. Vlera e opcioni '--illegal-access' tani \u00ebsht\u00eb caktuar si 'deny' p\u00ebr her\u00eb t\u00eb par\u00eb n\u00eb vend t\u00eb 'permit', gj\u00eb q\u00eb do t\u00eb \u00e7oj\u00eb n\u00eb bllokimin e p\u00ebrpjekjeve p\u00ebr qasje nga kodi n\u00eb shumic\u00ebn e klasave, metodave dhe fushave t\u00eb brendshme. P\u00ebr t\u00eb anashkaluar k\u00ebt\u00eb kufizim, duhet t\u00eb p\u00ebrdorni opsionin '--illegal-access=permit'.\n
Implementimi i koherenc\u00ebs s\u00eb p\u00ebrshtatjes me model n\u00eb operatorin 'instanceof' \u00ebsht\u00eb stabilizuar, duke lejuar menj\u00ebher\u00eb p\u00ebrcaktimin e nj\u00eb variabli lokal p\u00ebr qasje n\u00eb vler\u00ebn e verifikuar. P\u00ebr shembull, mund t\u00eb shkruani menj\u00ebher\u00eb 'if (obj instanceof String s && s.length() > 5) {.. s.contains(..) ..}' pa p\u00ebrcaktimin e qart\u00eb 'String s = (String) obj'. Ishte: if (obj instanceof Group) { Group group = (Group) obj; var entries = group.getEntries(); } Tani mund t\u00eb kaloni pa p\u00ebrcaktimin 'Group group = (Group) obj': if (obj instanceof Group group) { var entries = group.getEntries(); }\n
Implementimi i fjal\u00ebs ky\u00e7e 'record' \u00ebsht\u00eb stabilizuar, duke ofruar nj\u00eb form\u00eb kompakte p\u00ebr p\u00ebrcaktimin e klasave, q\u00eb lejon shmangien e p\u00ebrcaktimit t\u00eb qart\u00eb t\u00eb metodave t\u00eb ndryshme t\u00eb nivelit t\u00eb ul\u00ebt, si\u00e7 jan\u00eb equals(), hashCode() dhe toString(), n\u00eb rastet kur t\u00eb dh\u00ebnat ruhen vet\u00ebm n\u00eb fusha, me sjelljen e pun\u00ebs q\u00eb nuk ndryshon. Kur n\u00eb klas\u00eb p\u00ebrdoren implementime sip\u00ebrfaq\u00ebsore t\u00eb metodave equals(), hashCode() dhe toString(), n\u00eb t\u00eb, mund t\u00eb kaloni pa p\u00ebrcaktimin e tyre t\u00eb qart\u00eb: public record BankTransaction(LocalDate date, double amount, String description) {}\n
Kjo deklarat\u00eb do t\u00eb \u00e7oj\u00eb n\u00eb shtimin automatik t\u00eb implementimeve t\u00eb metodave equals(), hashCode() dhe toString() p\u00ebrve\u00e7 konstruktorit dhe metodave q\u00eb kontrollojn\u00eb ndryshimin e t\u00eb dh\u00ebnave (getter). <\/p>\n
Sepse nj\u00eb variant i dyt\u00eb preliminar p\u00ebr klasat dhe nd\u00ebrfaqet e mbyllura (\"sealed\") \u00ebsht\u00eb propozuar, t\u00eb cilat nuk mund t\u00eb p\u00ebrdoren nga klasat dhe nd\u00ebrfaqet e tjera p\u00ebr trash\u00ebgim, zgjerim ose mbivendosje t\u00eb zbatimit. Klasat e mbyllura gjithashtu ofrojn\u00eb nj\u00eb m\u00ebnyr\u00eb m\u00eb deklarative p\u00ebr t\u00eb kufizuar p\u00ebrdorimin e superklas\u00ebs, sesa modifier\u00ebt e aksesit, bazuar n\u00eb renditjen e qart\u00eb t\u00eb n\u00ebnklasave t\u00eb lejuara p\u00ebr zgjerim. package com.example.geometry; public sealed class Shape permits com.example.polar.Circle, com.example.quad.Rectangle, com.example.quad.simple.Square {...} <\/ul>\n