Greg Kroah-Hartman, i cili p\u00ebrgjigjet p\u00ebr mb\u00ebshtetje t\u00eb deg\u00ebs stabile t\u00eb b\u00ebrtham\u00ebs Linux, vendosi t\u00eb ndaloj\u00eb pranimin e \u00e7do ndryshimi n\u00eb b\u00ebrtham\u00ebn Linux nga Universiteti i Minesot\u00ebs dhe t\u00eb anuloj\u00eb t\u00eb gjitha patch-at e pranuar m\u00eb par\u00eb, duke i rishikuar ato p\u00ebrs\u00ebri. Arsyetimi p\u00ebr k\u00ebt\u00eb bllokim ishte aktiviteti i nj\u00eb grupi hulumtues q\u00eb studionte mund\u00ebsit\u00eb e avancimit t\u00eb dob\u00ebsive t\u00eb fshehta n\u00eb kodin e projekteve t\u00eb hapura. Ky grup kishte d\u00ebrguar patch-e q\u00eb p\u00ebrfshinin lloje t\u00eb ndryshme gabimesh, duke monitoruar reagimin e komunitetit dhe duke studiuar rrug\u00ebt p\u00ebr t\u00eb mashtruar procesin e rishikimit t\u00eb ndryshimeve. Sipas Gregut, zhvillimi i eksperimenteve t\u00eb tilla p\u00ebr t\u00eb futur ndryshime t\u00eb d\u00ebmshme \u00ebsht\u00eb i papranuesh\u00ebm dhe joetkik. <\/p>\n
\u041f\u043e\u0432\u043e\u0434\u043e\u043c \u0431\u043b\u043e\u043a\u0438\u0440\u043e\u0432\u043a\u0438 \u043f\u043e\u0441\u043b\u0443\u0436\u0438\u043b\u0430 \u043e\u0442\u043f\u0440\u0430\u0432\u043a\u0430 \u0443\u0447\u0430\u0441\u0442\u043d\u0438\u043a\u0430\u043c\u0438 \u0434\u0430\u043d\u043d\u043e\u0439 \u0433\u0440\u0443\u043f\u043f\u044b \u043f\u0430\u0442\u0447\u0430, \u043a\u043e\u0442\u043e\u0440\u044b\u0439 \u0434\u043e\u0431\u0430\u0432\u043b\u044f\u043b \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0435\u0440\u043a\u0443 \u0443\u043a\u0430\u0437\u0430\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044f \u0434\u043b\u044f \u0438\u0441\u043a\u043b\u044e\u0447\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f \u0432\u043e\u0437\u043c\u043e\u0436\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0434\u0432\u043e\u0439\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0432\u044b\u0437\u043e\u0432\u0430 \u0444\u0443\u043d\u043a\u0446\u0438\u0438 «free». \u0421 \u0443\u0447\u0451\u0442\u043e\u043c \u043a\u043e\u043d\u0442\u0435\u043a\u0441\u0442\u0430 \u0438\u0441\u043f\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0437\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0438\u044f \u0443\u043a\u0430\u0437\u0430\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044f \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0435\u0440\u043a\u0430 \u0431\u044b\u043b\u0430 \u0431\u0435\u0441\u0441\u043c\u044b\u0441\u043b\u0435\u043d\u043d\u0430. \u0426\u0435\u043b\u044c\u044e \u043e\u0442\u043f\u0440\u0430\u0432\u043a\u0438 \u043f\u0430\u0442\u0447\u0430 \u0431\u044b\u043b\u043e \u0438\u0437\u0443\u0447\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u0442\u043e\u0433\u043e, \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0439\u0434\u0451\u0442 \u043b\u0438 \u043e\u0448\u0438\u0431\u043e\u0447\u043d\u043e\u0435 \u0438\u0437\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u0440\u0435\u0446\u0435\u043d\u0437\u0438\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u0440\u0430\u0437\u0440\u0430\u0431\u043e\u0442\u0447\u0438\u043a\u0430\u043c\u0438 \u044f\u0434\u0440\u0430. \u041a\u0440\u043e\u043c\u0435 \u0443\u043a\u0430\u0437\u0430\u043d\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u043f\u0430\u0442\u0447\u0430 \u0432\u0441\u043f\u043b\u044b\u043b\u0438 \u0438 \u0434\u0440\u0443\u0433\u0438\u0435 \u043f\u043e\u043f\u044b\u0442\u043a\u0438 \u0440\u0430\u0437\u0440\u0430\u0431\u043e\u0442\u0447\u0438\u043a\u043e\u0432 \u0438\u0437 \u0423\u043d\u0438\u0432\u0435\u0440\u0441\u0438\u0442\u0435\u0442\u0430 \u041c\u0438\u043d\u043d\u0435\u0441\u043e\u0442\u044b \u0432\u043d\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0438 \u0441\u043e\u043c\u043d\u0438\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044c\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u0438\u0437\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f \u0432 \u044f\u0434\u0440\u043e, \u0432 \u0442\u043e\u043c \u0447\u0438\u0441\u043b\u0435 \u0441\u0432\u044f\u0437\u0430\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u0441 \u0434\u043e\u0431\u0430\u0432\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435\u043c \u0441\u043a\u0440\u044b\u0442\u044b\u0445 \u0443\u044f\u0437\u0432\u0438\u043c\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0435\u0439. <\/p>\n
D\u00ebrguesi i patch-ave p\u00ebrpiqej t\u00eb justifikonte veten duke th\u00ebn\u00eb se po testonte nj\u00eb analizues statik t\u00eb ri dhe ndryshimi ishte p\u00ebrgatitur mbi baz\u00ebn e rezultateve t\u00eb kontrollit n\u00eb t\u00eb. Por Gregu vuri n\u00eb dukje se ndryshimet e propozuara nuk ishin tipike p\u00ebr gabimet e gjetura nga analizuesit statik\u00eb dhe t\u00eb gjitha patch-at e d\u00ebrguara nuk korrigjonin asgj\u00eb. Duke marr\u00eb parasysh se grupi i hulumtuesve n\u00eb fjal\u00eb kishte tentuar n\u00eb t\u00eb kaluar\u00ebn t\u00eb avanconte t\u00eb korrigjuara me dob\u00ebsi t\u00eb fshehta, \u00ebsht\u00eb e qart\u00eb se ata vazhduan eksperimentet e tyre mbi komunitetin e zhvilluesve t\u00eb b\u00ebrtham\u00ebs. <\/p>\n
\u0418\u043d\u0442\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0441\u043d\u043e, \u0447\u0442\u043e \u0432 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0448\u043b\u043e\u043c \u0440\u0443\u043a\u043e\u0432\u043e\u0434\u0438\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044c \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0432\u043e\u0434\u044f\u0449\u0435\u0439 \u044d\u043a\u0441\u043f\u0435\u0440\u0438\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0442\u044b \u0433\u0440\u0443\u043f\u043f\u044b \u043f\u0440\u0438\u043d\u0438\u043c\u0430\u043b \u0443\u0447\u0430\u0441\u0442\u0438\u0435 \u0432 \u043b\u0435\u0433\u0438\u0442\u0438\u043c\u043d\u043e\u043c \u0438\u0441\u043f\u0440\u0430\u0432\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0438 \u0443\u044f\u0437\u0432\u0438\u043c\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0435\u0439, \u043d\u0430\u043f\u0440\u0438\u043c\u0435\u0440, \u0432\u044b\u044f\u0432\u0438\u043b \u0443\u0442\u0435\u0447\u043a\u0438 \u0438\u043d\u0444\u043e\u0440\u043c\u0430\u0446\u0438\u0438 \u0432 USB-\u0441\u0442\u0435\u043a\u0435 (CVE-2016-4482) \u0438 \u0441\u0435\u0442\u0435\u0432\u043e\u0439 \u043f\u043e\u0434\u0441\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0435\u043c\u0435 (CVE-2016-4485). \u0412 \u0438\u0441\u0441\u043b\u0435\u0434\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0438 \u0441\u043a\u0440\u044b\u0442\u043e\u0433\u043e \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0434\u0432\u0438\u0436\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f \u0443\u044f\u0437\u0432\u0438\u043c\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0435\u0439 \u0433\u0440\u0443\u043f\u043f\u0430 \u0438\u0437 \u0423\u043d\u0438\u0432\u0435\u0440\u0441\u0438\u0442\u0435\u0442\u0430 \u041c\u0438\u043d\u043d\u0435\u0441\u043e\u0442\u044b \u043f\u0440\u0438\u0432\u043e\u0434\u0438\u0442 \u043f\u0440\u0438\u043c\u0435\u0440 \u0443\u044f\u0437\u0432\u0438\u043c\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0438 CVE-2019-12819, \u0432\u044b\u0437\u0432\u0430\u043d\u043d\u043e\u0439 \u0438\u0441\u043f\u0440\u0430\u0432\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435\u043c, \u043f\u0440\u0438\u043d\u044f\u0442\u044b\u043c \u0432 \u044f\u0434\u0440\u043e \u0432 2014 \u0433\u043e\u0434\u0443. \u0418\u0441\u043f\u0440\u0430\u0432\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u0434\u043e\u0431\u0430\u0432\u043b\u044f\u043b\u043e \u0432 \u0431\u043b\u043e\u043a \u043e\u0431\u0440\u0430\u0431\u043e\u0442\u043a\u0438 \u043e\u0448\u0438\u0431\u043a\u0438 \u0432 mdio_bus \u0432\u044b\u0437\u043e\u0432 put_device, \u043d\u043e \u0441\u043f\u0443\u0441\u0442\u044f \u043f\u044f\u0442\u044c \u043b\u0435\u0442 \u0432\u0441\u043f\u043b\u044b\u043b\u043e, \u0447\u0442\u043e \u043f\u043e\u0434\u043e\u0431\u043d\u0430\u044f \u043c\u0430\u043d\u0438\u043f\u0443\u043b\u044f\u0446\u0438\u044f \u043f\u0440\u0438\u0432\u043e\u0434\u0438\u0442 \u043a \u043e\u0431\u0440\u0430\u0449\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044e \u043a \u0431\u043b\u043e\u043a\u0443 \u043f\u0430\u043c\u044f\u0442\u0438 \u043f\u043e\u0441\u043b\u0435 \u0435\u0433\u043e \u043e\u0441\u0432\u043e\u0431\u043e\u0436\u0434\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f («use-after-free»). <\/p>\n
Megjithat\u00eb, autor\u00ebt e studimit pretenduan se n\u00eb pun\u00ebn e tyre ata p\u00ebrmbledh\u00ebn t\u00eb dh\u00ebnat p\u00ebr 138 patch-a q\u00eb fut\u00ebn gabime dhe q\u00eb nuk ishin t\u00eb lidhura me pjes\u00ebtar\u00ebt e hulumtimit. P\u00ebrpjekjet p\u00ebr t\u00eb d\u00ebrguar patch-e t\u00eb tyre me gabime ishin t\u00eb kufizuara n\u00eb komunikimin p\u00ebrmes email-it, dhe ndryshime t\u00eb tilla nuk mb\u00ebrrit\u00ebn n\u00eb Git (n\u00ebse pas d\u00ebrgimit t\u00eb patch-it p\u00ebrmes email-it, mbajt\u00ebsi e konsideronte patch-in normal, at\u00ebher\u00eb ai k\u00ebrkonte t\u00eb mos p\u00ebrfshinte ndryshimin si t\u00eb gabuar, pas s\u00eb cil\u00ebs d\u00ebrgohej nj\u00eb patch i sakt\u00eb). <\/p>\n
Shtes\u00eb 1: Sipas aktivitetit t\u00eb autorit t\u00eb korrigjimit t\u00eb kritikuesh\u00ebm, ai ka d\u00ebrguar patch-e p\u00ebr nj\u00eb koh\u00eb t\u00eb gjat\u00eb n\u00eb subsistemat e ndryshme t\u00eb b\u00ebrtham\u00ebs. P\u00ebr shembull, n\u00eb drejtorit\u00eb radeon dhe nouveau, s\u00eb fundmi jan\u00eb pranuar ndryshime me thirrjen pm_runtime_put_autosuspend(dev->dev) n\u00eb bllokun e gabimeve, dhe nuk p\u00ebrjashtohet se ato do t\u00eb \u00e7ojn\u00eb n\u00eb p\u00ebrdorimin e nj\u00eb bufferi pas lirimit t\u00eb memories lidhur me t\u00eb. <\/p>\n
\u0414\u043e\u043f\u043e\u043b\u043d\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435 2: \u0413\u0440\u0435\u0433 \u043e\u0442\u043a\u0430\u0442\u0438\u043b 190 \u043a\u043e\u043c\u043c\u0438\u0442\u043e\u0432, \u0441\u0432\u044f\u0437\u0430\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u0441 \u0430\u0434\u0440\u0435\u0441\u0430\u043c\u0438 «@umn.edu» \u0438 \u0438\u043d\u0438\u0446\u0438\u0438\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043b \u0438\u0445 \u043f\u043e\u0432\u0442\u043e\u0440\u043d\u043e\u0435 \u0440\u0435\u0446\u0435\u043d\u0437\u0438\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0435. \u041f\u0440\u043e\u0431\u043b\u0435\u043c\u0430 \u0432 \u0442\u043e\u043c, \u0447\u0442\u043e \u0443\u0447\u0430\u0441\u0442\u043d\u0438\u043a\u0438 \u0441 \u0430\u0434\u0440\u0435\u0441\u0430\u043c\u0438 «@umn.edu» \u043d\u0435 \u0442\u043e\u043b\u044c\u043a\u043e \u044d\u043a\u0441\u043f\u0435\u0440\u0438\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0442\u0438\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043b\u0438 \u0441 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0434\u0432\u0438\u0436\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435\u043c \u0441\u043e\u043c\u043d\u0438\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044c\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u043f\u0430\u0442\u0447\u0435\u0439, \u043d\u043e \u0438 \u0443\u0441\u0442\u0440\u0430\u043d\u044f\u043b\u0438 \u0440\u0435\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u0443\u044f\u0437\u0432\u0438\u043c\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0438, \u0438 \u043e\u0442\u043a\u0430\u0442 \u0438\u0437\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0439 \u043c\u043e\u0436\u0435\u0442 \u043f\u0440\u0438\u0432\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0438 \u043a \u0432\u043e\u0437\u0432\u0440\u0430\u0449\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044e \u0440\u0430\u043d\u0435\u0435 \u0438\u0441\u043f\u0440\u0430\u0432\u043b\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0431\u043b\u0435\u043c \u0441 \u0431\u0435\u0437\u043e\u043f\u0430\u0441\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u044c\u044e. \u041d\u0435\u043a\u043e\u0442\u043e\u0440\u044b\u0435 \u043c\u044d\u0439\u043d\u0442\u0435\u0439\u043d\u0435\u0440\u044b \u0443\u0436\u0435 \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0435\u043f\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0435\u0440\u0438\u043b\u0438 \u043e\u0442\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0451\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u0438\u0437\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f \u0438 \u043d\u0435 \u043d\u0430\u0448\u043b\u0438 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0431\u043b\u0435\u043c, \u043d\u043e \u043e\u0434\u0438\u043d \u0438\u0437 \u043c\u044d\u0439\u043d\u0442\u0435\u0439\u043d\u0435\u0440\u043e\u0432 \u0443\u043a\u0430\u0437\u0430\u043b, \u0447\u0442\u043e \u0432 \u043e\u0434\u043d\u043e\u043c \u0438\u0437 \u043e\u0442\u043f\u0440\u0430\u0432\u043b\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u0435\u043c\u0443 \u043f\u0430\u0442\u0447\u0435\u0439 \u0431\u044b\u043b\u0438 \u043e\u0448\u0438\u0431\u043a\u0438. \u0413\u0440\u0435\u0433 \u041a\u0440\u043e\u0430-\u0425\u0430\u0440\u0442\u043c\u0430\u043d (Greg Kroah-Hartman), \u043e\u0442\u0432\u0435\u0447\u0430\u044e\u0449\u0438\u0439 \u0437\u0430 \u043f\u043e\u0434\u0434\u0435\u0440\u0436\u043a\u0443 \u0441\u0442\u0430\u0431\u0438\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e\u0439 \u0432\u0435\u0442\u043a\u0438 \u044f\u0434\u0440\u0430 Linux, \u043f\u0440\u0438\u043d\u044f\u043b \u0440\u0435\u0448\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u0437\u0430\u043f\u0440\u0435\u0442\u0438\u0442\u044c \u043f\u0440\u0438\u0451\u043c \u0432 \u044f\u0434\u0440\u043e Linux \u043b\u044e\u0431\u044b\u0445 \u0438\u0437\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0439, \u043f\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0443\u043f\u0430\u044e\u0449\u0438\u0445 \u0438\u0437 \u0423\u043d\u0438\u0432\u0435\u0440\u0441\u0438\u0442\u0435\u0442\u0430 \u041c\u0438\u043d\u043d\u0435\u0441\u043e\u0442\u044b, \u0430 \u0442\u0430\u043a\u0436\u0435 \u043e\u0442\u043a\u0430\u0442\u0438\u0442\u044c \u0432\u0441\u0435 \u0440\u0430\u043d\u0435\u0435 \u043f\u0440\u0438\u043d\u044f\u0442\u044b\u0435 \u043f\u0430\u0442\u0447\u0438 \u0438 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0438 \u0438\u0445 \u043f\u043e\u0432\u0442\u043e\u0440\u043d\u043e\u0435 \u0440\u0435\u0446\u0435\u043d\u0437\u0438\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0435. \u041f\u0440\u0438\u0447\u0438\u043d\u043e\u0439 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