Lumelang bohle! Thupelo e qala kajeno , mabapi le seo re ileng ra tšoara webinar ea sehlooho e tsamaellanang e nehetsoeng tlhahlobo ea ELB. Re shebile mefuta ea li-balancers mme ra theha maemo a 'maloa a EC2 ka sekala. Re boetse re ithutile mehlala e meng ea tšebeliso.
, U tla:
- utloisisa hore na AWS Load Balancing ke eng;
- tseba mefuta ea Elastic Load Balancer le likarolo tsa eona;
- sebelisa AWS ELB ts'ebetsong ea hau.
Ke hobane'ng ha u lokela ho tseba see ho hang?
- e thusa haeba o rera ho etsa litlhahlobo tsa setifikeiti sa AWS;
- ena ke tsela e bonolo ea ho aba mojaro pakeng tsa li-server;
- Ena ke tsela e bonolo ea ho eketsa Lambda tšebeletsong ea hau (ALB).
O ile a khanna thuto e bulehileng , moenjiniere oa litsamaiso k'hamphaning ea papatso bakeng sa nts'etsopele le tšehetso ea sebaka sa marang-rang.
Selelekela
Seo Elastic Load Balancer e leng sona se ka bonoa setšoantšong se ka tlase, se bontšang mohlala o bonolo:
Load Balancer e amohela likopo mme e li aba maemong a fapaneng. Re na le mohlala o le mong o arohaneng, ho na le mesebetsi ea Lambda mme ho na le sehlopha sa AutoScaling (sehlopha sa li-server).
Mefuta ea AWS ELB
1. Ha re shebeng mefuta ea mantlha:
Classic Load Balancer. Tekanyo ea pele ea mojaro e tsoang ho AWS, e sebetsa ho OSI Layer 4 le Layer 7, e ts'ehetsa HTTP, HTTPS, TCP le SSL. E fana ka ho leka-lekanya mojaro oa mantlha maemong a mangata a Amazon EC2 mme e sebetsa maemong a kopo le a khokahano. Ha re e bule (e totobalitsoe ka bohlooho):
Balancer ena e nkoa e le ea khale, kahoo e khothalletsoa hore e sebelisoe feela maemong a itseng. Mohlala, bakeng sa lits'ebetso tse hahiloeng holim'a marang-rang a EC2-Classic. Ha e le hantle, ha ho motho ea re thibelang ho e theha:
2. Network Load Balancer. E loketse mesebetsi e boima, e sebetsa ho OSI Layer 4 (e ka sebelisoa ho EKS le ECS), TCP, UDP le TLS li tšehetsoa.
Network Load Balancer e tsamaisa sephethephethe ho liphofu ho Amazon VPC mme e khona ho sebetsana le likopo tse limilione ka motsotsoana ka latency e tlase haholo. Ho feta moo, e ntlafalitsoe ho sebetsana le lipaterone tsa sephethephethe ka meroalo ea tšohanyetso le e fetohang.
3. Kopo Mojaro Balancer. E sebetsa ho layer 7, e na le tšehetso ea Lambda, e ts'ehetsa melao ea boemo ba hlooho le tsela, e ts'ehetsa HTTP le HTTPS.
E fana ka mekhoa e tsoetseng pele ea kopo e shebaneng le ho fana ka lits'ebetso tse hahiloeng holim'a meaho ea sejoale-joale, ho kenyeletsoa li-microservices le lijana. E lebisa sephethephethe ho liphofu tsa Amazon VPC ho latela litaba tsa kopo.
Bakeng sa basebelisi ba bangata, Application Load Balancer e bile khetho ea pele ea ho nka sebaka sa Classic Load Balancer, hobane TCP ha e tloaelehe joaloka HTTP.
Ha re e theheng le eona, ka lebaka leo re tla be re se re e-na le li-balancers tse peli tsa mojaro:
Likarolo tsa Meroalo ea Balance
Likarolo tse Tloaelehileng tsa Meroalo ea Likarolo (e tloaelehileng ho bohle ba lekanyang):
- Fumana Leano la ho Rema Lihlahla
- lintlha tsa hau tsa phihlello tsa ELB. Ho etsa litlhophiso, u ka ea ho Tlhaloso ebe u khetha konopo ea "Edita litšoaneleho":
Ebe re hlakisa S3Bucket - polokelo ea ntho ea Amazon:
- Scheme
— sekala sa ka hare kapa sa kantle. Taba ke hore na LoadBalancer ea hau e tlameha ho fumana liaterese tsa kantle e le hore e ka fumaneha ho tsoa kantle, kapa e ka ba sekala sa hau sa ka hare sa mojaro;
- Lihlopha tsa Ts'ireletso
— taolo ya phihlello ho selekanyi. Ha e le hantle, ena ke firewall ea boemo bo holimo.
- Subnets
- li-subnets ka har'a VPC ea hau ('me, ka hona, sebaka se fumanehang). Li-subnet li hlalositsoe nakong ea pōpo. Haeba li-VPC li lekanyelitsoe ke sebaka, joale Subnets e lekanyelitsoe ke libaka tse fumanehang. Ha u theha Balancer ea Mojaro, ho molemo ho e etsa bonyane li-subnet tse peli (e thusa haeba mathata a hlaha ka Sebaka se le seng sa Availability Zone);
- Bamameli
- li-protocol tsa hau tse leka-lekaneng. Joalokaha ho boletsoe pejana, bakeng sa Classic Load Balancer e ka ba HTTP, HTTPS, TCP le SSL, bakeng sa Network Load Balancer - TCP, UDP le TLS, bakeng sa Application Load Balancer - HTTP le HTTPS.
Mohlala oa Classic Load Balancer:
Empa ho Application Load Balancer re bona sebopeho se fapaneng hanyane mme ka kakaretso se fapane:
Laola likarolo tsa Balancer v2 (ALB le NLB)
Joale a re ke re hlahlobisiseng li-balancers tsa mofuta oa 2 Application Load Balancer le Network Load Balancer. Li-balancers tsena li na le likarolo tsa tsona. Ka mohlala, ho ile ha hlaha khopolo e kang "Target Groups" - mehlala (le mesebetsi). Ka lebaka la karolo ena, re na le monyetla oa ho hlakisa hore na ke Lihlopheng life tseo re batlang ho lebisa sephethephethe ho tsona.
Ka mantsoe a bonolo, ho Target Groups re totobatsa maemo ao sephethephethe se tla tla. Haeba ho Classic Load Balancer e ts'oanang, o hokela hang-hang matla ho sekala, ebe o qala ka ho Balancer Load Load, pele:
- theha Moroalo Balancer;
- theha sehlopha sa Maikutlo;
- e tsamaise ka boema-kepe bo hlokahalang kapa melao ea Load Balancer ho ea ho Lihlopheng tse Batloang;
- lihlopheng tse reriloeng u li abela maemo.
Mokhoa ona oa ts'ebetso o kanna oa bonahala o rarahane haholoanyane, empa ha e le hantle o bonolo haholoanyane.
Karolo e latelang ke Melao ea momameli (melao ea ho tsamaisa). Sena se sebetsa feela ho App Load Balancer. Haeba ho Network Load Balancer u theha Momameli feela, 'me e romela sephethephethe ho sehlopha se itseng sa Target, ebe ho Application Load Balancer ntho e' ngoe le e 'ngoe. .
Joale ha re bue mantsoe a seng makae mabapi le karolo e latelang - IP ea elastic (liaterese tse tsitsitseng tsa NLB). Haeba melao ea Momameli e tsamaisang melao e ama feela Application Load Balancer, joale Elastic IP e ile ea ama Network Load Balancer feela.
Ha re theheng Network Load Balancer:
'Me nakong ea ts'ebetso ea popo re tla bona hore re fuoa monyetla oa ho khetha Elastic IP:
Elastic IP e fana ka aterese e le 'ngoe ea IP e ka amahanngoang le maemo a fapaneng a EC2 ha nako e ntse e ea. Haeba mohlala oa EC2 o na le aterese ea IP ea Elastic mme mohlala oo o felisitsoe kapa o emisitsoe, o ka amahanya ketsahalo e ncha ea EC2 le aterese ea IP ea Elastic. Leha ho le joalo, kopo ea hau ea hajoale e ke ke ea emisa ho sebetsa, kaha lits'ebetso li ntse li bona aterese e tšoanang ea IP, leha EC2 ea 'nete e fetohile.
mona ka sehlooho sa hore na hobaneng Elastic IP e hlokahala. Sheba, re bona liaterese tse 3 tsa IP, empa li ke ke tsa lula mona ka ho sa feleng:
Amazon e li fetola ha nako e ntse e ea, mohlomong metsotsoana e meng le e meng ea 60 (empa ka ts'ebetso, ehlile, hangata). Sena se bolela hore liaterese tsa IP li ka fetoha. 'Me tabeng ea Network Load Balancer, u ka tlama aterese ea IP feela 'me u e bontše melaong ea hau, maano, joalo-joalo.
Etsa liqeto
ELB e fana ka kabo ea othomathike ea sephethephethe se kenang ho lipheo tse ngata (lits'oants'o, maemo a Amazon EC2, liaterese tsa IP, le mesebetsi ea Lambda). ELB e khona ho aba sephethephethe ka meroalo e fapaneng ka har'a Sebaka se le seng sa Availability Zone le libakeng tse ngata tse fumanehang. Mosebelisi a ka khetha ho tsoa mefuteng e meraro ea li-balancers tse fanang ka phumaneho e phahameng, autoscaling, le tšireletso e ntle. Sena sohle se bohlokoa ho netefatsa mamello ea liphoso ea likopo tsa hau.
Melemo ea mantlha:
- boteng bo phahameng. Tumellano ea litšebeletso e nka 99,99% ho ba teng bakeng sa sekala sa mojaro. Ka mohlala, Libaka tse ngata tsa Availability li netefatsa hore sephethephethe se sebetsoa feela ke lintho tse phetseng hantle. Ha e le hantle, o ka leka-lekanya mojaro ho pholletsa le sebaka sohle, ho tsamaisa sephethephethe ho lipheo tse phetseng hantle libakeng tse fapaneng tsa ho fumaneha;
- polokeho. ELB e sebetsa le Amazon VPC, e fana ka mekhoa e fapaneng ea ts'ireletso - taolo e kopantsoeng ea setifikeiti, netefatso ea basebelisi, le SSL/TLS decryption. Kaofela hammoho li fana ka taolo e bohareng le e feto-fetohang ea litlhophiso tsa TLS;
- ho saroloha. ELB e ka sebetsana le liphetoho tsa tšohanyetso ho sephethephethe sa marang-rang. 'Me kopanyo e tebileng le Auto Scaling e fa kopo lisebelisoa tse lekaneng haeba mojaro o fetoha, ntle le ho hloka ho kenella ka letsoho;
- fetoha le maemo. U ka sebelisa liaterese tsa IP ho tsamaisa likopo ho ea ho sepheo sa lits'ebetso tsa hau. Sena se fana ka maemo ha u sebelisa lits'ebetso tse lebeletsoeng, ka hona, ho fana ka bokhoni ba ho amohela lits'ebetso tse ngata ketsahalong e le 'ngoe. Kaha lits'ebetso li ka sebelisa kou e le 'ngoe ea marang-rang mme li na le lihlopha tse arohaneng tsa ts'ireletso, puisano lipakeng tsa lits'ebetso e nolofalloa ha re re, meralo e thehiloeng ho microservices;
- tlhokomelo le tlhahlobo. U ka beha leihlo lits'ebetso ka nako ea 'nete u sebelisa likarolo tsa Amazon CloudWatch. Re bua ka metrics, logs, kopo tracking. Ka mantsoe a bonolo, u tla khona ho tseba mathata le ho supa litšitiso tsa ts'ebetso ka nepo;
- hybrid load balancing. Bokhoni ba ho kenya litekanyo lipakeng tsa lisebelisoa tsa sebaka le AWS ho sebelisa sekala sa mojaro se tšoanang ho etsa hore ho be bonolo ho falla kapa ho holisa lits'ebetso tsa marang-rang ho ea marung. Ho hloleha ho sebetsa ho boetse ho nolofalitsoe ho sebelisoa leru.
Haeba u thahasella lintlha, mona ke lihokelo tse ling tse sebetsang ho tsoa webosaeteng ea semmuso ea Amazon:
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Source: www.habr.com