CERN e fallela ho software e bulehileng ea mohloli - hobaneng?

Mokhatlo o suthela hole le software ea Microsoft le lihlahisoa tse ling tsa khoebo. Re buisana ka mabaka le ho bua ka lik'hamphani tse ling tse ntseng li tsoela pele ho bula software ea mohloli.

CERN e fallela ho software e bulehileng ea mohloli - hobaneng?
--Ото - Devon Rogers — Unsplash

Mabaka a hao

Lilemong tse 20 tse fetileng, CERN e sebelisitse lihlahisoa tsa Microsoft - tsamaiso ea ts'ebetso, sethala sa leru, liphutheloana tsa Office, Skype, joalo-joalo Leha ho le joalo, k'hamphani ea IT e hanne laboratori boemo ba "mokhatlo oa thuto", o entseng hore ho khonehe ho reka. lilaesense tsa software ka theolelo.

Ho bua 'nete, ke habohlokoa ho hlokomela hore, ho ea ka pono ea molao, CERN ehlile ha se mokhatlo oa thuto. Nuclear Research Laboratory ha e fane ka litlotla tsa saense. Ho feta moo, boholo ba bo-rasaense ba sebetsang mererong ba hiriloe ka molao liunivesithing tse fapaneng tsa lefats'e.

Ho latela tumellano e ncha, litšenyehelo tsa liphutheloana tsa Microsoft li baloa ho latela palo ea basebelisi. Bakeng sa mokhatlo o moholo o sa etseng phaello o kang CERN, mokhoa o mocha oa ho bala o hlahisitse chelete e ngata e ke keng ea khoneha. Litsenyehelo tsa lits'ebetso tsa Microsoft bakeng sa CERN hola makhetlo a leshome.

Ho rarolla bothata bona, lefapha la tlhahisoleseling la CERN le ile la thakhola The Microsoft Alternatives Project, kapa MAlt. Ho sa tsotellehe lebitso lena, sepheo sa eona ke ho hana litharollo tsohle tsa software ea khoebo, eseng feela lihlahisoa tsa seqhenqha sa IT. Lenane le felletseng la likopo tseo ba rerileng ho li tlohela ha le e-so tsejoe. Leha ho le joalo, ntho ea pele eo CERN e tla e etsa ke ho fumana sebaka sa lengolo-tsoibila le Skype.

Baemeli ba CERN ba tšepisa ho bua haholoanyane bohareng ba Loetse. Ho tla khoneha ho latela tsoelo-pele latela webosaeteng ea morero.

Ke hobane'ng ha mohloli o bulehileng

Ka ho fallela ho software e bulehileng ea mohloli, CERN e batla ho qoba ho tlamahane le morekisi oa kopo le ho fumana taolo e feletseng holim'a lintlha tse bokelitsoeng. Ho na le tse ngata tsa tsona - mohlala, lilemo tse tharo tse fetileng CERN e beilwe phatlalatsa 300 TB ea data e hlahisitsoeng ke Large Hadron Collider.

CERN e se e ntse e e-na le phihlelo ea ho sebetsa le mohloli o bulehileng-tse ling tsa litšebeletso tsa LHC li ngotsoe ke baenjiniere ba laboratori. Mokhatlo o boetse o ikakhetse ka setotsoana ho nts'etsopele ea ecosystem ea mahala ea software. Ke khale e ts'ehelitse sethala sa leru bakeng sa IaaS - OpenStack.

Ho fihlela 2015, baenjiniere ba CERN hammoho le litsebi tsa Fermilab ba ne ba lebeletsana ho theha kabo ea hau ea Linux - Linux ea Saense. E ne e le mohlala oa Red Hat Enterprise Linux (RHEL). Hamorao, laboratori e ile ea fetohela ho CentOS, 'me Fermilab e ile ea emisa ho nts'etsapele kabo ea eona ka Mots'eanong selemong sena.

Har'a merero ea morao-rao ea mohloli o bulehileng o entsoeng ho CERN, re ka totobatsa hlahisa bocha sebatli sa pele Tepo ea lefatše lohle. E ngotsoe ke Tim Berners-Lee morao koana ka 1990. Ka nako eo e ne e sebetsa sethaleng sa NEXTSTEP mme e ile ea ntlafatsoa ho sebelisoa Interface Builder. Boitsebiso bo bongata bo ne bo hlahisoa ka mokhoa oa mongolo, empa ho ne ho boetse ho e-na le litšoantšo.

Emulator ea sebatli e fumanehang inthaneteng. Mehloli e ka fumanoa sebakeng sa polokelo ea GitHub.

Ba boetse ba kenya letsoho ho lisebelisoa tse bulehileng ho CERN. Khale ka 2011, mokhatlo qalisoa morero oa Open Source Hardware mme o ntse o tšehetsoa ke polokelo Bula Hardware Repository. Ho eona, batho ba chesehang ba ka latela tsoelo-pele ea mokhatlo ’me ba kopanela ho eona.

CERN e fallela ho software e bulehileng ea mohloli - hobaneng?
--Ото - Samuel Zeller — Unsplash

Mohlala oa morero e ka ba White Rabbit. Barupeluoa ba eona ba theha sesebelisoa sa ho hokahanya data e fetisitsoeng ho marang-rang a rarahaneng a Ethernet. Sistimi e ts'ehetsa mosebetsi ka li-node tse sekete mme e ka fetisa data ka nepo e phahameng ho feta 10 km e telele ea optical fiber. Morero o ntse o nchafatsoa ka mafolofolo mme o sebelisoa ke lilaboratori tse kholo tsa Europe tsa lipatlisiso.

Ke mang hape ea tsamaeang ho bula mohloli?

Qalong ea selemo, bafani ba bangata ba mehala ea mehala ba buile ka mosebetsi oa bona o sebetsang ka software e bulehileng ea mohloli - AT&T, Verizon, China Mobile le DTK. Ke karolo ea motheo LF Networking, ba kopanela ho nts'etsopele le ts'ebetsong ea merero ea marang-rang.

Mohlala, AT&T e hlahisitse sistimi ea eona ea ho sebetsa le marang-rang a fumanehang a OAP. Butle-butle e ntse e sebelisoa ke bankakarolo ba bang ba letlole. Qetellong ea March Erisson a bontša tharollo e thehiloe ho OAP, e u lumellang ho arola marang-rang ka ho tobetsa konopo. Litharollo tse bulehileng li lebelletsoe e tla thusa cellular opareitara ka phepelo ea moloko o mocha oa marangrang a mehala.

Liunivesithi tse ling tsa UK le tsona li fetohela ho software e bulehileng ea mohloli. Halofo ea liunivesithi tsa naha sebedisa litharollo tsa mohloli o bulehileng, ho kenyeletsoa Univesithi e Bulehileng. Mekhoa ea eona ea thuto e thehiloe ho Sethala sa Moodle - sesebelisoa sa Marang-rang se fanang ka bokhoni ba ho theha libaka tsa ho ithuta inthaneteng.

Butle-butle, palo e ntseng e eketseha ea litsi tsa thuto e qala ho sebelisa sethala. 'Me litho tsa sechaba li kholisehile hore boholo ba liunivesithi tsa naha li tla tloha li kena ho eona.

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Source: www.habr.com

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