Ubuntu sistimi e sebetsang e makatsang, ha ke so sebetse le eona nako e telele Ubuntu seva, le ho ntjhafatsa Desktop ya ka ho tloha phetolelong e tsitsitseng ho ne ho sa utlwahale. Kahoo, haufinyane tjena, ke ile ka tlameha ho sebetsana le tokollo e ntjha. Ubuntu Ho seva sa 18.04, ke ile ka makala haholo ha ke hlokomela hore ke saletse morao haholo linakong 'me ke sitoa ho hlophisa marang-rang a ka hobane sistimi ea khale ea ho hlophisa li-interface tsa marang-rang ka ho hlophisa faele ea /etc/network/interfaces e ne e nyametse. Hona ke eng e ileng ea e nkela sebaka? Ntho e tšosang 'me, ha u e sheba ka lekhetlo la pele, e sa utloisiseheng ka ho feletseng - kopana le "Netplan."
Ho bua 'nete, qalong ke ne ke sa utloisise hore na tumellano ke efe le hore na "ke hobane'ng ha e ne e hlokahala, ha e le hantle, ntho e 'ngoe le e 'ngoe e ne e le bonolo hakana," empa ka mor'a ho ikoetlisa hanyane ke ile ka hlokomela hore e na le botle ba eona. Kahoo, ha re se re lekane ka puo ea mantsoe, ha re tsoeleng pele ka seo Netplan e leng sona. Ena ke sesebelisoa se secha sa ho hlophisa marang-rang ho Ubuntu, bonyane "Ha ke so kopane le ntho e kang ena kabong tse ding." Phapang e kgolo ka Netplan ke hore tlhophiso e ngotswe ka puo , e, u utloile YAML e nepahetseng, bahlahisi ba ile ba etsa qeto ea ho tsamaisana le linako ('me ho sa tsotellehe hore na ba e rorisa hakae, ke ntse ke nahana hore ke puo e tšabehang). Bothata bo boholo ba puo ena ke hore e na le maikutlo a matle haholo libakeng, ha re shebeng tlhophiso re sebelisa mohlala.
Lifaele tsa tlhophiso li haufi le tsela /etc/netplan/filename.yaml, pakeng tsa sebaka se seng le se seng ho lokela ho ba le libaka tsa + 2.
1) Sehlooho se tloaelehileng se shebahala tjena:
network:
version: 2
renderer: networkd
ethernets:
enp3s0f0:
dhcp4:noHa re shebeng seo re se entseng hona joale:
- marang-rang: - ena ke qalo ea thibelo ea tlhophiso.
- renderer: netweke - mona re bonts'a mookameli oa marang-rang eo re tla e sebelisa, ena ke marang-rang kapa NetworkManager
- mofuta: 2 - mona, joalo ka ha ke e utloisisa, ke mofuta oa YAML.
- ethernets: - thibela ena e bontša hore re tla lokisa protocol ea ethernet.
- enps0f0: - bontša hore na re tla hlophisa adaptara ea marang-rang efe.
- dhcp4: che - tima DHCP v4, bakeng sa 6 v6 dhcp6 ka ho latellana
2) Ha re leke ho abela liaterese tsa IP:
enp3s0f0:
dhcp4:no
macaddress: bb:11:13:ab:ff:32
addresses: [10.10.10.2/24, 10.10.10.3/24]
gateway4: 10.10.10.1
nameservers:
addresses: 8.8.8.8Mona re beha seva sa poppy, ipv4, gateway le dns. Hlokomela hore haeba re hloka liaterese tse fetang e le 'ngoe tsa IP, joale re li ngola li arotsoe ke lifeeloana tse nang le sebaka se tlamang kamora moo.
3) Ho thoe'ng haeba re hloka ?
bonds:
bond0:
dhcp4: no
interfaces: [enp3s0f0, enp3s0f1]
parameters:
mode: 802.3ad
mii-monitor-interval: 1- bonds: - block e hlalosang hore re tla lokisa bonding.
- bond0: - lebitso la sehokelo se seng molaong.
- interfaces: - sete sa likhokahano tse bokelletsoeng ka bond-ding, "joalo ka ha ho boletsoe pejana, haeba ho na le liparamente tse 'maloa, re li hlalosa ka masakaneng a lisekoere."
- paramethara: — hlalosa boloko ba litlhophiso tsa parametha
- mode: - hlalosa mokhoa oo bonding e tla sebetsa ka oona.
- mii-monitor-interval: — beha nako ea ho beha leihlo ho motsotsoana o le 1.
Ka har'a block e bitsoang bond, o ka hlophisa liparamente tse kang liaterese, gateway4, litsela, joalo-joalo.
Re kentse redundancy bakeng sa marang-rang a rona, hona joale ho setseng ke ho kenya 'me ho seta ho ka nkoa ho felletse.
vlans:
vlan10:
id: 10
link: bond0
dhcp4: no
addresses: [10.10.10.2/24]
gateway: 10.10.10.1
routes:
- to: 10.10.10.2/24
via: 10.10.10.1
on-link: true
- vlans: - phatlalatsa block block ea tlhophiso.
- vlan10: - lebitso le ikemetseng la sebopeho sa vlan.
- id: - tag ea vlan ea rona.
- link: - sehokelo seo vlan e tla fumaneha ho sona.
- litsela: - phatlalatsa sebaka sa tlhaloso ea tsela.
- — ho: — seta aterese/subnet eo tsela e hlokehang ho yona.
- ka: - hlakisa tsela eo subnet ea rona e tla fihlelleha ka eona.
- on-link: - re bonts'a hore litsela li lokela ho ngolisoa kamehla ha sehokelo se phahamisoa.
Ela hloko hore na ke beha libaka joang; sena se bohlokoa haholo ho YAML.
Kahoo re hlalositse marang-rang a marang-rang, a theha maqhama, a ba a eketsa li-vlan. Ha re sebeliseng config ea rona, netplan apply command e tla hlahloba config bakeng sa liphoso le ho e sebelisa haeba e atlehile.E latelang, config e tla phahamisoa ka boeona ha tsamaiso e tsosolosoa.
Ha re se re bokelletse li-blocks tsohle tse fetileng tsa khoutu, sena ke seo re nang le sona:
network:
version: 2
renderer: networkd
ethernets:
enp3s0f0:
dhcp4: no
ensp3s0f1:
dhcp4: no
bonds:
bond0:
dhcp4: no
interfaces: [enp3s0f0, enp3s0f1]
parameters:
mode: 802.3ad
mii-monitor-interval: 1
vlan10:
id: 10
link: bond0
dhcp4: no
addresses: [10.10.10.2/24]
routes:
- to: 10.10.10.2/24
via: 10.10.10.1
on-link: true
vlan20:
id: 20
link: bond0
dhcp4: no
addresses: [10.10.11.2/24]
gateway: 10.10.11.1
nameserver:
addresses: [8.8.8.8]
Hona joale marang-rang a rona a se a loketse ho sebetsa, ntho e 'ngoe le e' ngoe e ile ea fetoha e sa tšoseng joalokaha e ne e bonahala qalong 'me khoutu e ile ea bonahala e le ntle haholo ebile e baloa. PC kea leboha ka netplan ho na le buka e ntle haholo sehokelong .
Source: www.habr.com
