Hore na o na le boikarabello ba e le 'ngoe Windows 10 PC kapa likete, mathata a ho laola liapdeite lia tšoana. Sepheo sa hau ke ho kenya liapdeite tsa ts'ireletso kapele, ho sebetsa ka bohlale ka lintlafatso tsa likarolo, le ho thibela tahlehelo ea tlhahiso ka lebaka la ho qala bocha ho sa lebelloa.
Na khoebo ea hau e na le moralo o felletseng oa ho sebetsana le Windows 10 lintlafatso? Hoa hohela ho nahana ka lits'oants'o tsena e le litšitiso tsa nako le nako tse hlokang ho sebetsanoa hang ha li hlaha. Leha ho le joalo, mokhoa o sebetsang oa ho ntlafatsa ke mokhoa oa ho tsieleha le ho fokotseha ha tlhahiso.
Sebakeng seo, o ka theha leano la taolo ho leka le ho kenya ts'ebetsong lintlafatso e le hore ts'ebetso e fetohe tloaelo joalo ka ho romella li-invoice kapa ho tlatsa li-account tsa khoeli le khoeli.
Sengoliloeng sena se fana ka tlhaiso-leseling eohle eo u e hlokang ho utloisisa hore na Microsoft e sutumelletsa liapdeite ho lisebelisoa tse sebetsang Windows 10, hammoho le lintlha tse mabapi le lisebelisoa le mekhoa eo u ka e sebelisang ho laola lintlafatso tsena ka bohlale ho lisebelisoa tse sebetsang Windows 10 Pro, Enterprise, kapa Education. (Windows 10 Lehae le ts'ehetsa feela taolo ea ntlafatso ea mantlha ebile ha ea lokela ho sebelisoa tikolohong ea khoebo.)
Empa pele u ka qhomela ho e 'ngoe ea lisebelisoa tsena, u tla hloka moralo.
Pholisi ea hau ea ntlafatso e reng?
Taba ea melao ea ntlafatso ke ho etsa hore ts'ebetso ea ntlafatso e lebeletsoe esale pele, ho hlalosa mekhoa ea ho lemosa basebelisi e le hore ba ka rera mosebetsi oa bona ka nepo le ho qoba ho theoha ho sa lebelloang. Melao e boetse e kenyelletsa liprothokholo tsa ho sebetsana le mathata a sa lebelloang, ho kenyelletsa ho khutlisa lintlafatso tse sa atleheng.
Melao e utloahalang ea ntlafatso e fana ka nako e itseng ea ho sebetsa ka lintlafatso khoeli le khoeli. Mokhatlong o monyenyane, fensetere e khethehileng ea kemiso ea tlhokomelo ea PC ka 'ngoe e ka sebeletsa morero ona. Mekhatlong e meholo, litharollo tsa boholo bo le bong ha li khone ho sebetsa, 'me li tla hloka ho arola palo eohle ea batho ba PC ka lihlopha tsa ntlafatso (Microsoft e li bitsa "rings"), e' ngoe le e 'ngoe e tla ba le leano la eona la ntlafatso.
Melao e lokela ho hlalosa mefuta e mengata e fapaneng ea liapdeite. Mofuta o utloisisoang ka ho fetesisa ke ntlafatso ea khoeli le khoeli ea ts'ireletso le ts'epo, tse lokolloang ka Labobeli la bobeli la khoeli le khoeli ("Patch Labobeli"). Tokollo ena hangata e kenyelletsa Windows Malicious Software Removal Tool, empa e kanna ea kenyelletsa efe kapa efe ea mefuta e latelang ea liapdeite:
- Lintlafatso tsa ts'ireletso bakeng sa .NET Framework
- Lintlafatso tsa ts'ireletso bakeng sa Adobe Flash Player
- Lintlafatso tsa li-stack (tse hlokang ho kengoa ho tloha qalong).
O ka lieha ho kenya leha e le efe ea lintlafatso tsena ho fihlela matsatsi a 30.
Ho ipapisitsoe le moetsi oa PC, li-driver tsa Hardware le firmware le tsona li ka ajoa ka mocha oa Windows Update. U ka hana sena kapa ua li laola ho latela merero e tšoanang le lintlafatso tse ling.
Qetellong, lintlafatso tsa likarolo li boetse li ajoa ka Windows Update. Liphutheloana tsena tse kholo lia ntlafatsoa Windows 10 ho mofuta oa morao-rao, 'me li lokolloa ka mor'a likhoeli tse ling le tse ling tse tšeletseng bakeng sa likhatiso tsohle tsa Windows 10 ntle le Setsi sa Ts'ebeletso ea Nako e Telele (LTSC). O ka chechisa ho kenya lisebelisoa tsa likarolo ka ho sebelisa Windows Update for Business ho fihlela matsatsi a 365; Bakeng sa likhatiso tsa Enterprise le Education, instola e kanna ea chechisoa ho fihlela likhoeli tse 30.
Ha u ela hloko sena sohle, u ka qala ho etsa melao ea ntlafatso, e lokelang ho kenyelletsa lintlha tse latelang bakeng sa PC e 'ngoe le e 'ngoe e sebeletsoang:
- Nako ea ho kenya bakeng sa lintlafatso tsa khoeli le khoeli. Ka kamehla, Windows 10 khoasolla le ho kenya liapdeite tsa khoeli le khoeli nakong ea lihora tse 24 ka mor'a hore li lokolloe ka Patch Labobeli. U ka lieha ho khoasolla liapdeite tsena bakeng sa tse ling kapa li-PC tsa k'hamphani ea hau kaofela e le hore u be le nako ea ho hlahloba hore na lia lumellana; tieho ena e boetse e u lumella ho qoba mathata haeba Microsoft e fumana bothata ka ntlafatso kamora ho lokolloa, joalo ka ha ho etsahetse hangata ka Windows 10.
- Nako ea ho kenya bakeng sa lintlafatso tsa karolo ea selemo. Ka nako e sa lekanyetsoang, lintlafatso tsa likarolo lia khoasolloa le ho kenngoa ha Microsoft e lumela hore li se li lokile. Sesebedisweng seo Microsoft e nkeng e le se loketseng bakeng sa ntlafatso, dintlafatso tsa sebopeho di ka nka matsatsi a mmalwa ho fihla kamora ho lokollwa. Lisebelisoa tse ling, lintlafatso tsa likarolo li ka nka likhoeli tse 'maloa hore li hlahe, kapa li ka thijoa ka ho feletseng ka lebaka la mathata a ho sebelisana. U ka beha tieho bakeng sa tse ling kapa li-PC kaofela mokhatlong oa hau ho ipha nako ea ho hlahloba tokollo e ncha. Ho qala ka mofuta oa 1903, basebelisi ba PC ba tla fuoa lintlafatso tsa likarolo, empa ke basebelisi ka bobona feela ba tla fana ka litaelo tsa ho li jarolla le ho li kenya.
- Nako ea ho lumella PC ea hau ho qala bocha ho phethela ho kenya liapdeite: Lintlafatso tse ngata li hloka ho qala bocha ho phethela ho kenya. Ho qala bocha hona ho etsahala ka ntle ho "nako ea ts'ebetso" ea 8 a.m. ho isa ho 17 p.m.; Setlhophiso sena se ka fetoloa kamoo u batlang, ho eketsa nako ea nako ho fihlela lihora tse 18. Lisebelisoa tsa taolo li u lumella ho hlophisa linako tse ikhethileng tsa ho jarolla le ho kenya liapdeite.
- Mokhoa oa ho tsebisa basebelisi ka liapdeite le ho qala bocha: Ho qoba lintho tse makatsang, Windows 10 e tsebisa basebelisi ha lintlafatso li fumaneha. Taolo ea litsebiso tsena ho Windows 10 litlhophiso li na le moeli. Litlhophiso tse ling tse ngata li fumaneha ho "pholisi ea sehlopha".
- Ka linako tse ling Microsoft e lokolla lintlafatso tsa bohlokoa tsa ts'ireletso kantle ho kemiso ea eona e tloaelehileng ea Patch Labobeli. Hangata sena sea hlokahala ho lokisa liphoso tsa ts'ireletso tse sebelisoang hampe ke batho ba bang. Na ke lokela ho potlakisa ts'ebeliso ea lintlafatso tse joalo kapa ke emetse fensetere e latelang kemisong?
- Ho sebetsana le Lintlafatso Tse Hlolehileng: Haeba ntlafatso e hloleha ho kenya ka nepo kapa e baka mathata, u tla etsa joang ka eona?
Ha u se u khethile likarolo tsena, ke nako ea ho khetha lisebelisoa tsa ho sebetsana le lintlafatso.
Taolo ea ntlafatso ea matsoho
Likhoebong tse nyane haholo, ho kenyeletsoa mabenkele a nang le mosebeletsi a le mong feela, ho bonolo haholo ho hlophisa liapdeite tsa Windows. Litlhophiso > Ntlafatsa & Tshireletso > Windows Update. Ha u le moo u ka fetola lihlopha tse peli tsa li-setting.
Taba ea pele, khetha "Fetola nako ea ts'ebetso" 'me u fetole litlhophiso hore li lumellane le mekhoa ea hau ea ho sebetsa. Haeba ka tloaelo u sebetsa mantsiboea, u ka qoba nako ea ho phomola ka ho hlophisa litekanyetso tsena ho tloha ka 18pm ho isa har'a mp'a bosiu, e leng se etsang hore ho qalella bocha ho etsahala hoseng.
Ebe u khetha "Likhetho tse tsoetseng pele" le "Khetha nako ea ho kenya liapdeite", u e behe ho latela melao ea hau:
- Khetha matsatsi a makae a ho lieha ho kenya lintlafatso tsa likarolo. Theko e phahameng ke 365.
- Khetha matsatsi a makae a ho liehisa ho kenya lintlafatso tsa boleng, ho kenyeletsoa le lintlafatso tsa ts'ireletso tse lokollotsoeng ka Patch Labobeli. Theko e phahameng ke matsatsi a 30.
Litlhophiso tse ling leqepheng lena li laola hore na litemoso tsa ho qala bocha lia bontšoa (tse lumellang ka ho sa feleng) le hore na liapdeite li ka khoasolloa ho likhokahano tse hlokomelang sephethephethe (e koetsoeng ka ho sa feleng).
Pele Windows 10 mofuta oa 1903, ho ne ho boetse ho na le tlhophiso ea ho khetha mocha - halofo ea selemo, kapa sepheo sa halofo ea selemo. E tlositsoe ka mofuta oa 1903, 'me liphetolelong tsa khale ha e sebetse.
Ehlile, ntlha ea ho liehisa lintlafatso ha se ho nyenyefatsa ts'ebetso ebe o makatsa basebelisi hamorao. Haeba u etsa lethathamo la lintlafatso tsa boleng hore li liehe ka matsatsi a 15, mohlala, u lokela ho sebelisa nako eo ho lekola lintlafatso hore li sebetsa, 'me u hlophise fensetere ea tlhokomelo ka nako e loketseng pele nako eo e fela.
Ho laola lintlafatso ka Maano a Sehlopha
Litlhophiso tsohle tse boletsoeng li ka sebelisoa hape ka maano a sehlopha, le lethathamong le felletseng la maano a amanang le Windows 10 lintlafatso, ho na le litlhophiso tse ngata ho feta tse fumanehang maemong a tloaelehileng a matsoho.
Li ka sebelisoa ho li-PC ka bomong ho sebelisa mohlophisi oa leano la sehlopha sa lehae Gpedit.msc, kapa ho sebelisa mangolo. Empa hangata li sebelisoa sebakeng sa Windows se nang le Active Directory, moo metsoako ea maano e ka laoloang ho lihlopha tsa li-PC.
Palo e kholo ea maano a sebelisoa ka ho khetheha ho Windows 10. Tse bohlokoa ka ho fetisisa li amana le "Windows Updates for Business", e teng ka Computer Configuration> Administrative Templates> Windows Components> Windows Update> Windows Update for Business.
- Khetha hore na u tla fumana libopeho tsa ponelo-pele neng - mocha le tieho bakeng sa lintlafatso tsa likarolo.
- Khetha nako ea ho fumana lintlafatso tsa boleng - liehisa lintlafatso tsa khoeli le khoeli le lintlha tse ling tse amanang le ts'ireletso.
- Laola meaho ea ponelopele: ha mosebelisi a ka ngolisa mochini ho lenaneo la Windows Insider mme a hlalosa reng ea Insider.
Sehlopha sa tlatsetso sa maano se teng ho Tlhophiso ea Khomphutha> Lithempleite tsa Tsamaiso > Likaroloana tsa Windows > Windows Update, moo u ka:
- Tlosa mokhoa oa ho fumana lintlafatso tsa khefutso, tse tla thibela basebelisi ho kena-kenana le lits'ebetso ka ho liehisa ka matsatsi a 35.
- Tlosa phihlello ho li-setting tsohle tsa ntlafatso.
- Lumella ho khoasolla ha liapdeite mabapi le likhokahano tse ipapisitseng le sephethephethe.
- Se ke oa khoasolla hammoho le liapdeite tsa mokhanni.
Litlhophiso tse latelang li teng feela Windows 10, 'me li amana le ho qala bocha le litsebiso:
- Tlosa ho qala bocha bakeng sa liapdeite nakong ea ts'ebetso.
- Hlalosa nako e sebetsang bakeng sa ho qala bocha ka boiketsetso.
- Hlalosa nako ea ho qala bocha ho kenya liapdeite (ho tloha matsatsing a 2 ho isa ho a 14).
- Beha litemoso ho u hopotsa mabapi le ho qala bocha ka boiketsetso: eketsa nako eo mosebelisi a lemosoang ka eona (ho tloha ho metsotso e 15 ho isa ho e 240).
- Thibela litemoso tsa ho qala bocha ho kenya liapdeite.
- Hlophisa tsebiso ea ho qala bocha e le hore e se ke ea nyamela ka mor'a metsotsoana e 25.
- Se ke oa lumella maano a ho lieha ha ntlafatso ho etsa hore ho hlahlojoe Windows Update: Leano lena le thibela komporo ea hau ho lekola lintlafatso haeba tieho e filoe.
- Lumella basebelisi ho laola linako tsa ho qala bocha le litsebiso tsa ho khutsa.
- Lokisa litemoso mabapi le lintlafatso (ponahalo ea litsebiso, ho tloha lihora tse 4 ho isa ho tse 24), le litemoso mabapi le ho qala bocha (ho tloha ho metsotso e 15 ho isa ho e 60).
- Ntlafatsa leano la motlakase ho qala moqomo (setting bakeng sa litsamaiso tsa thuto tse lumellang lintlafatso le ha betri e le matla).
- Hlahisa litlhophiso tsa tsebiso ea ntlafatso: E u lumella ho tima litemoso tsa ntlafatso.
Melao e latelang e teng ka bobeli Windows 10 le mefuta e meng ea khale ea Windows:
- Litlhophiso tsa ntlafatso ea othomathike: Sehlopha sena sa litlhophiso se u lumella ho khetha kemiso ea ntlafatso ea beke le beke, habeli ka beke, kapa khoeli le khoeli, ho kenyeletsoa letsatsi la beke le nako ea ho jarolla le ho kenya liapdeite.
- Hlalosa sebaka sa ts'ebeletso ea Ts'ebetso ea Microsoft ho intranet: Lokisa seva ea Windows Server Update Services (WSUS) sebakeng sa marang-rang.
- Lumella moreki ho kenela sehlopha sa sepheo: Batsamaisi ba ka sebelisa lihlopha tsa ts'ireletso tsa Active Directory ho hlalosa mehele ea WSUS ea thomello.
- Se ke oa hokela libakeng tsa ntlafatso tsa Windows Marang-rang: Thibela li-PC tse tsamaisang seva ea ntlafatso ea lehae ho ikopanya le li-server tsa ntlafatso tsa kantle.
- Lumella tsamaiso ea matla ea Windows Update ho tsosa sisteme ho kenya liapdeite tse hlophisitsoeng.
- Kamehla qala sistimi bocha ka nako e behiloeng.
- Se ke oa qala bocha haeba ho na le basebelisi ba sebelisang sistimi.
Lisebelisoa tsa ho sebetsa mekhatlong e meholo (Enterprise)
Mekhatlo e meholo e nang le marang-rang a marang-rang a Windows e ka feta li-server tsa Microsoft tsa ntlafatso le ho kenya lisebelisoa ho tsoa ho seva sa lehae. Sena se hloka tlhokomelo e eketsehileng ho tsoa lefapheng la khoebo la IT, empa se eketsa maemo ho k'hamphani. Likhetho tse peli tse tsebahalang haholo ke Windows Server Update Services (WSUS) le System Center Configuration Manager (SCCM).
Seva ea WSUS e bonolo haholoanyane. E sebetsa ka karolo ea Windows Server mme e fana ka polokelo e bohareng ea liapdeite tsa Windows ho pholletsa le mokhatlo. A sebelisa maano a sehlopha, molaoli o tsamaisa Windows 10 PC ho seva sa WSUS, se sebetsang e le mohloli o le mong oa lifaele bakeng sa mokhatlo oohle. Ho tsoa ho khomphutha ea eona ea admin, o ka amohela liapdeite mme oa khetha hore na o li kenya neng ho li-PC kapa lihlopha tsa li-PC. Li-PC li ka abeloa lihlopha tse fapaneng, kapa sepheo sa bareki se ka sebelisoa ho fana ka lintlafatso ho latela lihlopha tsa ts'ireletso tsa Active Directory.
Joalo ka Windows 10 lintlafatso tse ntseng li eketseha li hola le ho feta ka tokollo e 'ngoe le e' ngoe e ncha, li ka nka karolo e kholo ea bandwidth ea hau. Li-server tsa WSUS li boloka sephethephethe ka ho sebelisa Express Installation Files - sena se hloka sebaka se eketsehileng sa mahala ho seva, empa se fokotsa haholo boholo ba lifaele tsa ntlafatso tse rometsoeng ho li-PC tsa bareki.
Ho li-server tse sebelisang WSUS 4.0 le hamorao, u ka khona ho laola Windows 10 lintlha tsa ntlafatso.
Khetho ea bobeli, Motsamaisi oa Tlhophiso ea Setsi sa Sistimi o sebelisa Motsamaisi oa Litlhophiso tse ruileng bakeng sa Windows mmoho le WSUS ho kenya lisebelisoa tsa boleng le lintlafatso tsa likarolo. Dashboard e lumella batsamaisi ba marang-rang ho beha leihlo Windows 10 ts'ebeliso ho marang-rang a bona kaofela le ho theha merero ea tlhokomelo e thehiloeng ho sehlopha e kenyelletsang tlhahisoleseling bakeng sa li-PC tsohle tse haufi le pheletso ea potoloho ea bona ea tšehetso.
Haeba mokhatlo oa hau o se o ntse o e-na le Configuration Manager e kentsoeng ho sebetsa le mefuta ea pejana ea Windows, e eketsa tšehetso bakeng sa Windows 10 e bonolo haholo.
Source: www.habr.com