Letsatsi le letle ho bohle! Ke kopa ho nehelana ka sengoloa sa ka sa pele mabapi le habr sehloohong se khahlisang haholo - sistimi ea taolo ea boleng ba Marang-rang ea RIPE Atlas. Karolo e 'ngoe ea lintho tseo ke li thahasellang ke thuto ea Marang-rang kapa cyberspace (e leng lentsoe le ntseng le ata ka potlako, haholo-holo mekhatlong ea mahlale). Ho na le lisebelisoa tse ngata ho RIPE Atlas Marang-rang, ho kenyeletsoa le habr, empa li ne li bonahala li sa lekana ho nna. Ka kakaretso, sengoloa se sebelisitse tlhahisoleseling ho tsoa webosaeteng ea semmuso le mehopolo ya ka.
Ho e-na le selelekela
Registrar ea libaka tsa marang-rang (RIR), eo boikarabello ba eona bo akaretsang Europe, Asia Bohareng le Middle East, ke RIPE NCC (Réseaux IP Européens Network Coordination Center). RIPE NCC ke mokhatlo o sa etseng phaello o thehiloeng Netherlands. E tšehetsa Marang-rang. E fana ka liaterese tsa IP le linomoro tsa sistimi e ikemetseng ho bafani ba marang-rang ba lehae le mekhatlo e meholo.
E 'ngoe ea merero e ka sehloohong ea RIPE NCC e reretsoeng ho etsa lipatlisiso ka boemo ba Marang-rang ke RIPE Atlas (e qalileng ho elella bofelong ba 2010), eo e neng e le ts'ebetso ea Test Traffic Measurement Service, e ileng ea khaotsa ho sebetsa ka 2014.
RIPE Atlas ke marang-rang a lefats'e a li-sensor tse lekanyang boemo ba Marang-rang ka mafolofolo. Hajoale ho na le li-sensor tse likete marang-rang a RIPE Atlas mme palo ea tsona e ntse e hola khafetsa. RIPE NCC e bokella lintlha tse bokelletsoeng mme e etsa hore e fumanehe mahala ho basebelisi ka mokhoa o bonolo.
Tsoelo-pele ea marang-rang e etsahala ka molao-motheo oa ho kenya li-sensor ka boithaopo ke basebelisi lits'ebetsong tsa bona, tseo "likoloto" li fanoang ka tsona, tse ka sebelisoang ho etsa litekanyo tsa thahasello ho sebelisa lisebelisoa tse ling.
Hangata RIPE Atlas e sebelisoa:
- ho lekola boteng ba marang-rang a hau ho tsoa libakeng tse fapaneng tsa Marang-rang;
- ho etsa lipatlisiso le ho rarolla mathata a marang-rang a hau ka liteko tsa khokahanyo tse potlakileng, tse tenyetsehang;
- tsamaisong ea tlhokomelo ea marang-rang a hau;
- ho lekola boteng ba meralo ea motheo ea DNS;
- Tlhahlobo ea khokahano ea IPv6.
BUTSOENG Atlase
Joalokaha ke se ke boletse, RIPE Atlas ke sistimi ea li-sensor tse fumanehang Marang-rang mme li tlas'a taolo e le 'ngoe ea tsamaiso. Ho phaella ho li-sensor tse tloaelehileng (Probes), ho na le tse tsoetseng pele haholo - liankora (Anchors).
Ho tloha bohareng ba 2020, sistimi ea RIPE Atlas e na le li-sensor tse sebetsang tse fetang likete tse 11 le li-ankora tse fetang 650, tse kopaneng li hlahisa litekanyo tse fetang likete tse 25 mme li fumana liphetho tse fetang likete tse 10 motsotsoana.
Li-graph tse ka tlase li bonts'a kholo ea palo ea li-sensor le liankora.
'Me lipalo tse latelang li bontša' mapa oa Lefatše o bontšang sebaka sa li-sensor le liankora, ka ho latellana.
Ho sa tsotellehe boemo ba sebaka sa RIPE NCC, marang-rang a RIPE Atlas a akaretsa hoo e batlang e le lefats'e lohle, 'me Russia e ka holimo ho 5 ho ea ka palo ea li-sensor tse kentsoeng (568), hammoho le Jeremane (1562), USA (1440), Fora. (925) le UK (610).
Laola li-server
Ha ho ithutoa ts'ebetso ea sensor, ho ile ha fumanoa hore nako le nako (metsotso e meng le e meng ea 4) e lekola puisano le lintho tse ling marang-rang, tse kenyelletsang li-server tsa DNS le li-node tse nang le mabitso a domain joalo ka "ctr-sin02.atlas.ripe.net" , Kea kholoa, e leng li-server tsa taolo tsa marang-rang a RIPE Atlas.
Ha kea fumana leseli mabapi le li-server tsa taolo webosaeteng ea semmuso, empa ho ka nahanoa hore mesebetsi ea bona e kenyelletsa ho laola li-sensor, hammoho le ho bokella le ho sebetsana le data. Haeba maikutlo a ka a nepahetse, joale ho na le bonyane li-server tse 6 tsa taolo, tseo 2 tsa tsona li leng USA, 2 Netherlands, 1 Jeremane, 1 Singapore. Port 443 e bulehile ho li-server tsohle.
Haeba ho na le motho ea nang le leseli le eketsehileng mabapi le li-server tsa taolo tsa marang-rang a RIPE Atlas, ka kopo hlakisa taba ena.
Sensor
Sensor ea RIPE Atlas ke sesebelisoa se senyenyane (TP-Link 3020) se tsamaisoang ke USB mme se hokahana le boema-kepe ba Ethernet sa router se sebelisa thapo ea marang-rang. Ho itšetlehile ka mohlala, mochine o ka ba le chipset ea Atheros AR9331, 400 MHz, 4 MB flash le 32 MB RAM kapa MediaNek MT7628NN chipset, 575 MHz, 8 MB flash le 64 MB RAM.
Anchor
The armature ke sensor e ntlafalitsoeng e nang le ts'ebetso e kholo haholo le bokhoni ba ho lekanya. Ke sesebelisoa sa mofuta o tloaelehileng oa 19-inch sethaleng sa hardware sa APU2C2 kapa APU2E2 se nang le processor ea 4-core 1 GHz, 2 GB ea RAM, 3 Gigabit Ethernet port le 250 GB SSD drive. .
Ho kenya le ho laola sensor
Joalokaha ke se ke boletse, li-sensor li ajoa ntle ho tefo ka sepheo sa ho li kenya lits'ebetsong tsa hau. Ha o kopa sensor, bonts'a naha, toropo le palo ea sistimi e ikemetseng moo e tla ba teng. Ho arabela kopo ea ka, RIPE NCC e rometse molaetsa o latelang.
Ka bomalimabe, kopo ea hau ha e finyelle litekanyetso tsa rona tsa ho fumana sensara sa hardware nakong ena. Leha sepheo sa rona e le ho aba li-sensor tsa RIPE Atlas ka hohle kamoo ho ka khonehang, ho bonahala ho se ho na le lisebelisoa tse lekaneng tse hokahaneng ebang ke ka har'a ASN eo u e boletseng, marang-rang ao u kentseng kopo ho ona, kapa naha eo u kentseng kopo ho eona.
Ha ho bothata. Tabeng ena, o ka kenya sensor ea software, ka mohlala, mochine oa sebele, seva sa lapeng kapa router - ha ho na lithibelo sebakeng le tsamaiso e ikemetseng. CentOS, Debian, Raspbian le Turris OS lia tšehetsoa. Ho tsamaisa, o hloka ho jarolla le ho kenya software e nepahetseng, mohlala ho tloha .
Ho kenya sensor ea software ho bonolo haholo. Mohlala, ho kenya ho CentOS 8 o hloka ho tsamaisa litaelo tse latelang:
curl -O 'https://ftp.ripe.net/ripe/atlas/software-probe/centos8/noarch/ripe-atlas-repo-1-2.el8.noarch.rpm'yum install ripe-atlas-repo-1-2.el8.noarch.rpm
'me u ngolise sensor, tabeng ena u tlameha ho fana ka senotlolo sa SSH, se teng /var/atlas-probe/etc/probe_key.pub, hape o bonts'a nomoro ea sistimi e ikemetseng le toropo ea hau. Lengolo le ile la re hopotsa tlhokahalo ea ho bontša ka nepo sebaka sa sensor.
Tsamaiso ea li-sensor e lekanyelitsoe ho bokhoni ba ho arolelana lisebelisoa tsa ho lekanya le basebelisi ba bang, ho hlophisa litsebiso tsa nako ea ho theoha, hammoho le litlhophiso tse tloaelehileng tsa marang-rang (aterese, heke ea kamehla, joalo-joalo).
Mealo
Qetellong re ile ra qala ho etsa litekanyo. Ho theha mesebetsi ea litekanyo ho etsoa ho tsoa akhaonteng ea hau. U ka boela ua bona liphetho moo.
Ho etsa mosebetsi oa ho lekanya ho na le mehato e meraro: ho khetha mofuta oa tekanyo, ho khetha sensor, ho khetha nako ea tekanyo.
Litekanyo e ka ba tsa mefuta e latelang: ping, traceroute, DNS, SSL, HTTP, NTP. Litlhophiso tse qaqileng tsa mofuta o itseng oa litekanyo, ho sa kenyeletsoe tse tobileng ho protocol kapa ts'ebeliso e itseng, li kenyelletsa: aterese ea sepheo, protocol ea lera la marang-rang, palo ea lipakete ka tekanyo le nako pakeng tsa litekanyo, boholo ba pakete le nako pakeng tsa lipakete, tekanyo ea phetoho e sa reroang. nako ya ho qala ya ho romela dipakete.
Li-sensor li ka khethoa ka sekhetho sa tsona kapa naha ea sebaka, sebaka, sistimi e ikemetseng, tag, jj.
Nako ea ho lekanya e behiloe ke nako ea ho qala le ea ho qetela.
Liphetho tsa litekanyo li fumaneha webosaeteng akhaonteng ea hau, e ka fumanoang hape ka sebopeho sa json. Ka kakaretso, liphetho tsa litekanyo ke matšoao a bongata a bonts'ang boteng ba node kapa tšebeletso e itseng.
Bakeng sa mosebelisi, menyetla ea ho metha e hlahisoa ka mefuta e mengata empa e lekanyelitsoe haholo. Leha ho le joalo, ho totobetse hore bokhoni ba tsamaiso bo kenyelletsa tlhahiso ea lipakete tsa hoo e batlang e le tlhophiso leha e le efe, e bulang menyetla e mengata e pharaletseng ea ho lekanya boemo ba Inthanete.
Ka tlase ho na le mohlala oa liphetho tse tala tse tsoang ho tekanyo e le 'ngoe e sebelisang litlhophiso tsa kamehla. Ka litekanyo tse kang ping, traceroute le SSL, aterese ea IP ea habr.com e khethiloe e le sepheo, DNS e ne e le aterese ea IP ea seva sa Google DNS, NTP e ne e le aterese ea IP ea seva sa NTP ntp1.stratum2.ru. Litekanyo tsohle li sebelisitse sensor e le 'ngoe e Vladivostok.
Ping
[{"fw":4790,"lts":18,"dst_name":"178.248.237.68","af":4,"dst_addr":"178.248.237.68","src_addr":"192.168.0.10","proto":"ICMP","ttl":55,"size":48,"result":[{"rtt":122.062873},{"rtt":121.775641},{"rtt":121.807897}],"dup":0,"rcvd":3,"sent":3,"min":121.775641,"max":122.062873,"avg":121.882137,"msm_id":26273241,"prb_id":4428,"timestamp":1594622562,"msm_name":"Ping","from":"5.100.99.178","type":"ping","group_id":26273241,"step":null,"stored_timestamp":1594622562}]Traceroute
[{"fw":4790,"lts":19,"endtime":1594622643,"dst_name":"178.248.237.68","dst_addr":"178.248.237.68","src_addr":"192.168.0.10","proto":"ICMP","af":4,"size":48,"paris_id":1,"result":[{"hop":1,"result":[{"from":"192.168.0.1","ttl":64,"size":76,"rtt":7.49},{"from":"192.168.0.1","ttl":64,"size":76,"rtt":1.216},{"from":"192.168.0.1","ttl":64,"size":76,"rtt":1.169}]},{"hop":2,"result":[{"from":"5.100.98.1","ttl":254,"size":28,"rtt":1.719},{"from":"5.100.98.1","ttl":254,"size":28,"rtt":1.507},{"from":"5.100.98.1","ttl":254,"size":28,"rtt":1.48}]},---DATA OMITED---,{"hop":10,"result":[{"from":"178.248.237.68","ttl":55,"size":48,"rtt":121.891},{"from":"178.248.237.68","ttl":55,"size":48,"rtt":121.873},{"from":"178.248.237.68","ttl":55,"size":48,"rtt":121.923}]}],"msm_id":26273246,"prb_id":4428,"timestamp":1594622637,"msm_name":"Traceroute","from":"5.100.99.178","type":"traceroute","group_id":26273246,"stored_timestamp":1594622649}]DNS
[{"fw":4790,"lts":146,"dst_addr":"8.8.8.8","af":4,"src_addr":"192.168.0.10","proto":"UDP","result":{"rt":174.552,"size":42,"abuf":"5BGAgAABAAEAAAAABGhhYnIDY29tAAABAAHADAABAAEAAAcmAASy+O1E","ID":58385,"ANCOUNT":1,"QDCOUNT":1,"NSCOUNT":0,"ARCOUNT":0},"msm_id":26289620,"prb_id":4428,"timestamp":1594747880,"msm_name":"Tdig","from":"5.100.99.178","type":"dns","group_id":26289620,"stored_timestamp":1594747883}]SSL
[{"fw":4790,"lts":63,"dst_name":"178.248.237.68","dst_port":"443","method":"TLS","ver":"1.2","dst_addr":"178.248.237.68","af":4,"src_addr":"192.168.0.10","ttc":106.920213,"rt":219.948332,"cert":["-----BEGIN CERTIFICATE-----nMIIGJzCCBQ+gAwIBAg ---DATA OMITED--- yd/teRCBaho1+Vn-----END CERTIFICATE-----"],"msm_id":26289611,"prb_id":4428,"timestamp":1594747349,"msm_name":"SSLCert","from":"5.100.99.178","type":"sslcert","group_id":26289611,"stored_timestamp":1594747352}]NTP
[{"fw":4790,"lts":72,"dst_name":"88.147.254.230","dst_addr":"88.147.254.230","src_addr":"192.168.0.10","proto":"UDP","af":4,"li":"no","version":4,"mode":"server","stratum":2,"poll":8,"precision":0.0000076294,"root-delay":0.000518799,"root-dispersion":0.0203094,"ref-id":"5893fee5","ref-ts":3803732581.5476198196,"result":[{"origin-ts":3803733082.3982748985,"receive-ts":3803733082.6698465347,"transmit-ts":3803733082.6698560715,"final-ts":3803733082.5099263191,"rtt":0.111643,"offset":-0.21575},{"origin-ts":3803733082.5133042336,"receive-ts":3803733082.7847337723,"transmit-ts":3803733082.7847442627,"final-ts":3803733082.6246700287,"rtt":0.111355,"offset":-0.215752},{"origin-ts":3803733082.6279149055,"receive-ts":3803733082.899283886,"transmit-ts":3803733082.8992962837,"final-ts":3803733082.7392635345,"rtt":0.111337,"offset":-0.2157}],"msm_id":26289266,"prb_id":4428,"timestamp":1594744282,"msm_name":"Ntp","from":"5.100.99.178","type":"ntp","group_id":26289266,"stored_timestamp":1594744289}]fihlela qeto e
Marang-rang a RIPE Atlas ke sesebelisoa se bonolo se u lumellang hore u shebelle boteng ba lintho le lits'ebeletso inthaneteng haufinyane.
Lintlha tse hlahisoang ke marang-rang a RIPE Atlas li ka ba molemo ho basebetsi ba mehala ea mehala, bafuputsi, sechaba sa botekgeniki le mang kapa mang ea nang le thahasello ea bophelo bo botle ba Marang-rang mme o batla ho ithuta haholoanyane ka meaho ea marang-rang le phallo ea data e tšehetsang Marang-rang lefatšeng ka bophara. .
PS RIPE Atlas ha e mong ka mofuta oa eona, ho na le li-analogues, mohlala .
Source: www.habr.com