Kajeno re tla sheba melemo ea mefuta e 'meli ea ho kopanya li-switches: Switch Stacking, kapa switch stacks, le Chassis Aggregation, kapa switjha chassis aggregation. Ena ke karolo ea 1.6 ea sehlooho sa tlhahlobo ea ICND2.
Ha u ntse u theha moralo oa marang-rang oa k'hamphani, u tla hloka ho fana ka sebaka sa ho behoa ha Li-Switch tsa Access, tseo lik'homphieutha tse ngata tsa basebelisi li hokahaneng ho tsona, le Li-Switches tsa Distribution, tseo li-switches tsena tsa ho kena li hokahaneng ho tsona.
Setšoantšo se bontša mohlala oa Cisco bakeng sa OSI Layer 3, e nang le li-switches tse ngotsoeng A le li-switches tsa ho tsamaisa tse ngotsoeng D. U ka ba le lisebelisoa tse makholo mokatong o mong le o mong oa mohaho oa k'hamphani ea hau, kahoo u tla hloka ho khetha pakeng tsa litsela tse peli tsa ho hlophisa li-switches.
E 'ngoe le e' ngoe ea li-switches tsa Access level e na le likou tse 24, 'me haeba u hloka likou tse 100, joale ke li-switch tse 5 tse joalo. Ka hona, ho na le mekhoa ea 2: eketsa palo ea li-switches tse nyane kapa sebelisa sesebelisoa se le seng se seholo se nang le likou tse makholo. Sehlooho sa CCNA ha se bue ka mefuta ea li-switches tse nang le likou tse 100, empa u ka fumana phetoho e joalo, hoa khoneha. Kahoo, o tlameha ho etsa qeto ea hore na ke eng e u loketseng hantle - li-switches tse 'maloa tse nyane kapa switch e le' ngoe e kholo.
Khetho ka 'ngoe e na le melemo ea eona. U ka lokisa sesebelisoa se seholo se le seng ho e-na le ho theha tse 'maloa tse nyane, empa ho boetse ho na le bothata - ho na le ntlha e le' ngoe feela ea ho hokahanya marang-rang. Haeba phetoho e kholo joalo e hlōleha, marang-rang kaofela a tla oa.
Ka lehlakoreng le leng, haeba u na le li-switches tse hlano tsa 24-port 'me e' ngoe ea tsona e robeha, u tla lumela hore monyetla oa ho hlōleha ha sesebelisoa se le seng o moholo ho feta monyetla oa ho hlōleha ka nako e le 'ngoe ha lisebelisoa tsohle tse hlano, kahoo li-switches tse 4 tse setseng li tla atleha. tsoela pele ho netefatsa boteng ba marang-rang . Bothata ba tharollo ena ke tlhokahalo ea ho laola li-switches tse hlano tse fapaneng.
Setšoantšo sa rona se bonts'a li-switches tse 4 tsa phihlello tse hokahaneng le li-switches tse peli tsa kabo. Ho ea ka Layer 3 ea mohlala oa OSI le litlhoko tsa meralo ea marang-rang ea Cisco, e 'ngoe le e' ngoe ea li-switches tsena tse 4 e tlameha ho hokahanngoa le li-switches tse peli tsa kabo. Ha o sebelisa protocol ea STP, e 'ngoe ea likou tse 2 tsa switjha e ngoe le e ngoe ea phihlello e hokahantsoeng le sesebelisoa sa Distribution e tla koalloa. Ka botekgeniki, u ke ke ua khona ho sebelisa bandwidth e felletseng ea switch hobane e 'ngoe ea mela e 'meli ea puisano e lula e theohile.
Hangata li-switches tse 4 li fumaneha mokatong o le mong ka har'a rack e tloaelehileng - foto e bonts'a li-switches tse 8 tse kentsoeng. Ho na le kakaretso ea likou tse 192 ka har'a raka. Tabeng ena, pele, o tlameha ho iketsetsa liaterese tsa IP bakeng sa e 'ngoe le e' ngoe ea li-switches tsena, 'me ea bobeli, lokisa li-VLAN hohle,' me sena ke hlooho e bohloko ho mookameli oa marang-rang.
Ho na le ntho e ka nolofaletsang mosebetsi oa hau - Fetola Stack. Tabeng ea rona, ntho ena e tla leka ho kopanya li-switches tsohle tse 8 hore e be sesebelisoa se le seng se utloahalang.
Tabeng ena, e 'ngoe ea li-switches e tla bapala karolo ea Master switch, kapa stack master. Mookameli oa marang-rang a ka hokela ho sesebelisoa sena mme a etsa litlhophiso tsohle tse hlokahalang, tse tla sebetsa ka bohona ho li-switches tsohle tse ka har'a stack. Kamora sena, li-switches tsohle tse 8 li tla sebetsa joalo ka sesebelisoa se le seng.
Cisco e sebelisa mekhoa e fapaneng ea theknoloji ho kopanya li-switches ho li-stacks, tabeng ena sesebelisoa sena sa ka ntle se bitsoa "module ea FlexStack". Ho na le boema-kepe karolong e ka morao ea switjha moo mojule ona o kentsoeng teng.
FlexStack e na le likou tse peli tseo likhoele tse hokahanyang li kenngoeng ho tsona: kou e ka tlase ea sesebelisoa sa pele ka rack e hokahane le boema-kepe bo kaholimo ba ea bobeli, boema-kepe bo ka tlase ba bobeli bo hokahantsoe le boema-kepe bo kaholimo ba boraro, joalo-joalo. ho fihlela switjha ea borobeli, boema-kepe bo ka tlase bo hokahaneng le boema-kepe bo kaholimo ba sesebelisoa sa pele. Ebile, re theha khokahano ea selikalikoe sa li-switches tsa stack e le 'ngoe.
Tabeng ena, e 'ngoe ea li-switches e khethoa e le moetapele (Monghali),' me ba bang kaofela - e le makhoba (Lekhoba). Kamora ho sebelisa li-module tsa FlexStack, li-switches tsohle tse 4 tsa potoloho ea rona li tla qala ho sebetsa joalo ka 1 switch e utloahalang.
Haeba Master switch A1 e hloleha, li-switches tse ling kaofela tse ka har'a stack li tla emisa ho sebetsa. Empa haeba switch ea A3 e robeha, li-switches tse ling tse tharo li tla tsoelapele ho sebetsa joalo ka 1 switch e utloahalang.
Lenaneong la pele re ne re e-na le lisebelisoa tse 6 tsa 'mele, empa ka mor'a ho hlophisa Switch Stack ho ne ho e-na le tse 3 feela tsa tsona: 2 ea' mele le 1 switch e utloahalang. Tlas'a khetho ea pele, u tla tlameha ho lokisa li-switches tse 6 tse fapaneng, tse seng li le tsietsi, kahoo u ka inahanela hore na mokhoa oa ho iketsetsa li-switches tse makholo o nka nako e kae. Ka mor'a ho kopanya li-switches ka har'a stack, re ile ra fumana sesebelisoa se le seng se utloahalang sa ho fihlella, se hokahaneng ho e 'ngoe le e' ngoe ea li-switches tsa D1 le D2 ka mela e mene ea puisano e kopantsoeng le EtherChannel. Kaha re na le lisebelisoa tsa 3, EtherChannel e le 'ngoe e tla thibeloa ho sebelisa STP ho thibela loops ea sephethephethe.
Kahoo, molemo oa sesebelisoa sa switjha ke bokhoni ba ho laola sesebelisoa se le seng se utloahalang ho e-na le lisebelisoa tse 'maloa tsa' mele, tse nolofatsang mokhoa oa ho theha marang-rang.
Ho na le theknoloji e 'ngoe ea ho kopanya li-switches tse bitsoang Chassis Aggregation. Phapang lipakeng tsa mahlale ana ke hore ho hlophisa Switch Stack o hloka module e khethehileng ea kantle ea hardware e kentsoeng switching.
Tabeng ea bobeli, lisebelisoa tse 'maloa li kopantsoe ka mochine o le mong o tloaelehileng, ka lebaka leo u theha mochine o bitsoang aggregation switch chassis. Setšoantšong u bona chassis bakeng sa li-switches tsa letoto la Cisco 6500. E kopanya likarete tsa marang-rang tsa 4 tse nang le likou tse 24 ka 'ngoe, kahoo sehlopha sena se na le likou tse 96.
Haeba ho hlokahala, o ka eketsa li-module tsa li-interfaces - likarete tsa marang-rang, 'me kaofela ha tsona li tla laoloa ke mojule o le mong - mookameli, e leng "boko" ba chassis eohle. Chassis ena e na le li-module tse peli tsa mookameli haeba e 'ngoe ea tsona e hlōleha, e leng se etsang hore ho be le redundancy, empa hape e eketsa botšepehi ba marang-rang. Ka tloaelo, chassis e joalo e theko e boima e sebelisoa maemong a mantlha a sistimi. Chassis ena e na le lisebelisoa tse peli tsa matla, e 'ngoe le e' ngoe e ka tsamaisoang ho tsoa mohloling o fapaneng oa matla, e leng se eketsang ts'epahalo ea marang-rang ha ho ka ba le khaello ea motlakase ho e 'ngoe ea litsi tsa motlakase.
Ha re khutleleng setšoantšong sa rona sa pele, moo ho nang le EtherChannel pakeng tsa D1 le D2. Ka tloaelo, ha o hlophisa khokahano e joalo, ho sebelisoa likou tsa Ethernet. Ha o sebelisa mochini oa mochini, ha ho hlokahale li-module tsa kantle; likou tsa Ethernet li sebelisoa ka kotloloho ho kopanya li-switch. U mpa u hokela mojule oa pele oa sebopeho sa D1 ho mojule o tšoanang oa D2, le mojule oa bobeli oa D1 ho mojule oa bobeli oa D2, 'me ntho e' ngoe le e 'ngoe e sebetsa 'moho ho theha Phetoho e le 'ngoe e utloahalang ea Kabo ea Kabo.
Haeba u sheba mofuta oa pele oa leano, joale ho kopanya li-switches tse 4 tsa ho fihlella le phallo ea ho fana u hloka ho sebelisa lenaneo la Multi-chassis EtherChannel, le hlophisang liteishene tsa EtherChannel bakeng sa sesebelisoa se seng le se seng sa phihlello. Ua bona hore tabeng ena ho na le khokahanyo ea p2p - "point-to-point", ho felisa ho thehoa ha li-loops tsa sephethephethe, 'me tabeng ena melaetsa eohle e teng ea puisano e ameha,' me ha re na ho fokotseha ha palo.
Ka tloaelo, Chassis Aggregation e sebelisoa bakeng sa li-switches tse sebetsang hantle, eseng bakeng sa li-switches tse matla haholo. Boqapi ba Cisco bo lumella tšebeliso e tšoanang ea tharollo ka bobeli - Chassis Aggregation le Switch Stack.
Tabeng ena, phetoho e le 'ngoe e tloaelehileng ea ho fana ka mokhoa o utloahalang le phetoho e le' ngoe e tloaelehileng ea ho fihlella e utloahalang e thehoa. Lenaneong la rona, 8 EtherChannels e tla bōptjoa, e tla sebetsa e le mohala o le mong oa puisano, ke hore, joalokaha eka re hokela sesebelisoa se le seng sa kabo ho sesebelisoa se le seng sa phihlello ka mohala o le mong. Tabeng ena, "likou" tsa lisebelisoa ka bobeli li tla ba boemong ba ho fetisa, 'me marang-rang ka boeona a tla sebetsa ka mokhoa o phahameng ka ho fetisisa, o sebelisa marang-rang a liteishene tsohle tse 8.
Kea leboha ka ho lula le rona. Na u rata lingoliloeng tsa rona? U batla ho bona litaba tse ling tse khahlisang? Re tšehetse ka ho etsa odara kapa ho khothaletsa metsoalle, Theolelo ea 30% bakeng sa basebelisi ba Habr ho analog e ikhethang ea li-server tsa boemo ba ho kena, e iqapetsoeng ke rona bakeng sa hau: (e fumaneha ka RAID1 le RAID10, ho fihla ho li-cores tse 24 le ho fihla ho 40GB DDR4).
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Source: www.habr.com