Sebokeng sa Linux Plumbers 2021, Google e buile ka katleho ea bohato ba eona ba ho fetola sethala sa Android ho sebelisa kernel e tloaelehileng ea Linux ho fapana le ho sebelisa mofuta oa eona oa kernel, e kenyelletsang liphetoho tse ikhethileng sethaleng sa Android.
Phetoho ea bohlokoa ka ho fetisisa ho nts'etsopele e bile qeto ea ho fetola ka mor'a 2023 ho ea ho "Upstream First", e leng se bolelang nts'etsopele ea likarolo tsohle tse ncha tsa kernel tse hlokahalang sethaleng sa Android ka ho toba karolong e kholo ea Linux kernel, eseng makaleng a bona a arohaneng ( ts'ebetso e tla phahamisetsoa pele ho ea mantlha). kernel, ebe e sebelisoa ho Android, eseng ka tsela e fapaneng). Ho boetse ho reriloe ho fetisetsa likhechana tsohle tse setseng lekaleng la Android Common Kernel ho kernel e kholo ka 2023 le 2024.
Mabapi le bokamoso bo haufi, bakeng sa sethala sa Android 12 se lebelletsoeng mathoasong a Mphalane, likopano tsa kernel tsa "Generic Kernel Image" (GKI) li tla fanoa, ka hohle kamoo ho ka khonehang ho 5.10 kernel e tloaelehileng. Bakeng sa meaho ena, ho tla fanoa ka lintlafatso tsa khafetsa, tse tla beoa sebakeng sa polokelo ea ci.android.com. Ho GKI kernel, litlatsetso tse ikhethileng sethaleng sa Android, hammoho le li-handers tse amanang le ts'ehetso ea hardware tse tsoang ho li-OEM, li behiloe ka har'a li-module tsa kernel tse arohaneng. Li-module tsena ha li tlameletsoe ho mofuta oa kernel e kholo mme li ka ntlafatsoa ka thoko, tse nolofatsang haholo tlhokomelo le phetoho ea lisebelisoa ho makala a macha a kernel.
Li-interfaces tse hlokoang ke baetsi ba lisebelisoa li kenngoa ka mokhoa oa li-hook, tse u lumellang hore u fetole boitšoaro ba kernel ntle le ho etsa liphetoho ho khoutu. Ka kakaretso, android12-5.10 kernel e fana ka li-hook tse 194 tse tloaelehileng, tse tšoanang le li-tracepoints, le li-hook tse khethehileng tse 107 tse u lumellang hore u tsamaise bahlokomeli ka mokhoa o sa sebeliseng atomic. Ka kernel ea GKI, baetsi ba lisebelisoa ba thibetsoe ho sebelisa li-patches tse khethehileng ho kernel e kholo, 'me likarolo tsa tšehetso ea hardware li tlameha ho fanoa ke barekisi feela ka mokhoa oa li-module tsa kernel tse eketsehileng, tse lokelang ho netefatsa hore li lumellana le kernel e kholo.
A re hopoleng hore sethala sa Android se ntse se iketsetsa lekala la kernel - Android Common Kernel, motheong oa hore ho thehoa likopano tse khethehileng bakeng sa sesebelisoa ka seng. Lekala le leng le le leng la Android le fa baetsi likhetho tse 'maloa bakeng sa sebopeho sa kernel bakeng sa lisebelisoa tsa bona. Mohlala, Android 11 e fane ka khetho ea lithollo tse tharo tsa mantlha - 4.14, 4.19 le 5.4, mme Android 12 e tla fana ka lithollo tsa mantlha 4.19, 5.4 le 5.10. Option 5.10 e entsoe e le Setšoantšo sa Kernel se Tloaelehileng, seo ho sona bokhoni bo hlokahalang bakeng sa li-OEM bo fetisetsoang holimo, bo behoa ka li-module kapa bo fetisetsoa ho Android Common Kernel.
Pele GKI e fihla, kernel ea Android e ile ea feta mekhahlelo e mengata ea ho itokisa:
- Ho ipapisitsoe le lithollo tsa mantlha tsa LTS (3.18, 4.4, 4.9, 4.14, 4.19, 5.4), lekala la "Android Common Kernel" le ile la thehoa, moo li-patches tse khethehileng tsa Android li ileng tsa fetisetsoa ho tsona (pele boholo ba liphetoho bo ne bo fihla mela e limilione tse 'maloa. ).
- Ho ipapisitsoe le "Android Common Kernel", baetsi ba li-chip ba kang Qualcomm, Samsung le MediaTek ba thehile "SoC Kernel" e kenyellelitseng li-add-on ho tšehetsa lisebelisoa.
- Ho ipapisitsoe le SoC Kernel, baetsi ba lisebelisoa ba thehile Kernel ea Sesebelisoa, e kenyelletsang liphetoho tse amanang le ts'ehetso ea lisebelisoa tse eketsehileng, li-skrini, lik'hamera, lisebelisoa tsa molumo, joalo-joalo.
Mokhoa ona o ile oa thatafatsa ts'ebetsong ea lintlafatso ho felisa bofokoli le ho fetela ho makala a macha a kernel. Leha Google e lula e fana ka lintlafatso ho li-kernel tsa eona tsa Android (Android Common Kernel), hangata barekisi ba lieha ho fana ka lintlafatso tsena kapa ka kakaretso ba sebelisa kernel e tšoanang nakong eohle ea bophelo ba sesebelisoa.
Source: opennet.ru