Huawei ka tšebelisano 'moho le bafuputsi ba Univesithi ea London College Protocol e NCHA ea marang-rang a IP, e nahanang ka mekhoa ea nts'etsopele ea lisebelisoa tsa mehala ea nakong e tlang le ho ata ha lisebelisoa tsa Marang-rang a Lintho, litsamaiso tsa nnete tse ntseng li eketseha le likhokahano tsa holographic. Morero ona qalong o behiloe e le oa machaba, oo bafuputsi leha e le bafe le lik'hamphani tse nang le thahasello ba ka nkang karolo ho oona. hore protocol e ncha e rometsoe hore e shejoe ho International Telecommunication Union (), empa e ke ke ea itokisetsa tlhahlobo ho fihlela 2021.
Protocol e NCHA ea IP e fana ka mekhoa e sebetsang haholoanyane ea ho rarolla le ho laola sephethephethe, hape e rarolla bothata ba ho hlophisa tšebelisano ea mefuta e fapaneng ea marang-rang molemong oa ho eketsa ho arohana ha marang-rang a lefats'e. Bothata ba phapanyetsano ea tlhahisoleseling lipakeng tsa marang-rang a fapaneng, joalo ka marang-rang a lisebelisoa tsa Inthanete tsa Lintho, indasteri, marang-rang a cellular le sathelaete, a ka sebelisang li-protocol tsa bona, a ntse a eketseha ka potlako.
Mohlala, bakeng sa marang-rang a IoT ke ntho e lakatsehang ho sebelisa liaterese tse khutšoane ho boloka mohopolo le lisebelisoa, marang-rang a indasteri ka kakaretso a tlosa IP ho eketsa katleho ea phapanyetsano ea data, marang-rang a sathelaete a ke ke a sebelisa aterese e tsitsitseng ka lebaka la ho sisinyeha ho sa feleng ha li-node. Ba tla leka ho rarolla mathata ka mokhoa o itseng ba sebelisa protocol (IPv6 holim'a matla a tlaase a Wireless Personal Area Networks), empa ntle le ho fana ka aterese e matla, ha e sebetse hantle kamoo re ka ratang kateng.
Bothata ba bobeli bo rarollotsoeng ho IP E NCHA ke hore IP e tsepamisitse maikutlo ho khetholla lintho tse bonahalang mabapi le sebaka sa tsona, 'me ha e etselitsoe ho khetholla lintho tse bonahalang, tse kang litaba le litšebeletso. Ho fana ka lits'ebeletso ho tsoa ho liaterese tsa IP, ho hlahisoa mekhoa e fapaneng ea 'mapa, e thatafatsang sistimi le ho baka lits'oso tse ling ho lekunutu. Mehaho ea ICN e ntse e fetoha e le tharollo ea ho ntlafatsa phano ea litaba (), joalo ka NDN () le MobilityFirst, e fanang ka tlhahiso ea tšebeliso ea liaterese tsa maemo a holimo, tse sa rarolleng bothata ba litaba tse fumanehang tsa mehala (tse tsamaeang), li theha mojaro o eketsehileng ho li-routers, kapa ha li lumelle ho theha likhokahano tsa ho qetela lipakeng tsa basebelisi ba mehala.
Bothata ba boraro boo IP e NCHA e etselitsoeng ho bo rarolla ke tsamaiso e ntle ea boleng ba litšebeletso. Mekhoa ea puisano e kopanetsoeng ea nakong e tlang e tla hloka mekhoa e mengata ea ho laola li-bandwidth, e hlokang mekhoa e fapaneng ea ho sebetsana le maemo a lipakete tsa marang-rang ka bomong.
Likarolo tse tharo tsa bohlokoa tsa IP E NCHA li hlokometsoe:
- Liaterese tsa IP tsa bolelele bo fapaneng, tse thusang ho hlophisoa ha phapanyetsano ea data lipakeng tsa mefuta e fapaneng ea marang-rang (mohlala, liaterese tse khutšoane li ka sebelisoa ho sebelisana le lisebelisoa tsa Marang-rang tsa Lintho marang-rang a lapeng, 'me liaterese tse telele li ka sebelisoa ho fihlella mehloli ea lefatše). Ha ho hlokahale ho hlakisa aterese ea mohloli kapa aterese ea moo u eang teng (mohlala, ho boloka lisebelisoa ha u romella data ho tsoa ho sensor).
- Hoa khoneha ho hlalosa semantics e fapaneng ea liaterese. Ka mohlala, ho phaella ho mofuta oa khale oa IPv4/IPv6, u ka sebelisa li-identifiers tsa litšebeletso tse ikhethang ho e-na le aterese. Li-identifiers tsena li fana ka tlamo boemong ba li-processor le lits'ebeletso, ntle le ho tlamelloa sebakeng se itseng sa li-server le lisebelisoa. Li-ID tsa lits'ebeletso li u lumella ho tlola DNS ebe u isa kopo ho sesebelisoa se haufi se ts'oanang le ID e boletsoeng. Ka mohlala, li-sensor tsa lehae le bohlale li ka romela lipalo-palo ho tšebeletso e itseng ntle le ho khetholla aterese ea eona ka kutloisiso ea khale. Ka bobeli (lik'homphieutha, li-smartphone, li-sensor) le lintho tse bonahalang (litaba, litšebeletso) li ka rarolloa.
Ha ho bapisoa le IPv4/IPv6, mabapi le lits'ebeletso tsa ho fihlella, IP E NCHA e na le melemo e latelang: Ts'ebetso ea kopo e potlakileng ka lebaka la phihlello e tobileng ea aterese ea lits'ebeletso ntle le ho emela hore aterese e khethoe ho DNS. Ts'ehetso bakeng sa phepelo e matla ea lits'ebeletso le litaba - NTSHE ea liaterese tsa IP tse thehiloeng ho molao-motheo oa "se hlokahalang" eseng "ho ka e fumana kae", e fapaneng haholo le IP routing, e thehiloeng tsebong ea sebaka se nepahetseng ( IP address) ea mohloli. Ho aha marang-rang ka leihlo la tlhahisoleseling mabapi le lits'ebeletso, tse nkoang e le tsa bohlokoa ha ho baloa litafole tsa routing.
- Bokhoni ba ho hlalosa likarolo tse sa lumellaneng ho hlooho ea pakete ea IP. Sehlooho se lumella sehokelo sa li-identifiers tsa tšebetso (FID, Function ID), e sebelisetsoang ho sebetsana le litaba tsa sephutheloana, hammoho le metadata e amanang le mesebetsi (MDI - Metadata Index le MD - Metadata). Ka mohlala, metadata e ka hlalosa litlhoko tsa boleng ba tšebeletso e le hore ha u sebetsana le mofuta oa tšebeletso, ho tla khethoa motho ea fanang ka boholo ba ho feta.
Mehlala ea mesebetsi e tlamahanoang e kenyelletsa ho lekanyetsa nako ea ho fetisa liphutheloana le ho lekanyetsa boholo ba boholo ba mela nakong ea ho fetisa. Ha o sebetsana le pakete, router e tla sebelisa metadata ea eona bakeng sa ts'ebetso e 'ngoe le e' ngoe - bakeng sa mehlala e ka holimo, tlhahisoleseding e eketsehileng mabapi le nako ea ho qetela ea ho fana ka pakete kapa bolelele bo amohelehang ba moeli oa marang-rang bo tla fetisoa metadata.
Tlhahisoleseding e ajoang mecheng ea litaba mabapi le bokhoni bo hahelletsoeng bo fanang ka thibelo ea lisebelisoa, ho khothaletsa de-anonymization le ho hlahisa netefatso e tlamang, ka mokhoa o fumanehang. ha li boleloe 'me ho bonahala eka ke khopolo-taba. Ka botekgeniki, IP E NCHA e fana feela ka maemo a feto-fetohang a ho theha likeketso, ts'ehetso ea eona e khethiloeng ke router le baetsi ba software. Boemong ba bokhoni ba ho fetola IP hore e se ke ea thibela ho thibela, ho thibela ka boitsebiso ba tšebeletso ho ka bapisoa le ho thibela domain name ho DNS.
Source: opennet.ru