Intel e ntse e nts'etsapele meralo e ncha ea firmware, Universal Scalable Firmware (USF), e ikemiselitseng ho nolofatsa nts'etsopele ea likarolo tsohle tsa software ea firmware bakeng sa mekhahlelo e fapaneng ea lisebelisoa, ho tloha ho li-server ho isa lits'ebetsong ho chip (SoC). USF e fana ka likarolo tsa ho ikemela ho arola mohopolo oa ho qala lisebelisoa tsa boemo bo tlase ho likarolo tsa sethala tse ikarabellang bakeng sa tlhophiso, lintlafatso tsa firmware, ts'ireletso le ho qala sistimi e sebetsang. Tlhaloso ea moralo le ts'ebetsong ea likarolo tse tloaelehileng tsa meralo ea USF li kenngoa ho GitHub.
USF e na le sebopeho sa modular se sa amaneng le litharollo tse ikhethileng mme se lumella ts'ebeliso ea merero e fapaneng e teng e kenyang ts'ebetso ea ho qala lisebelisoa le mekhahlelo ea boot, joalo ka TianoCore EDK2 UEFI stack, minimalistic Slim Bootloader firmware, U-Boot bootloader le Sethala sa CoreBoot. Sebopeho sa UEFI, LinuxBoot layer (bakeng sa ho kenya kernel ea Linux ka ho toba), VaultBoot (boot e netefalitsoeng) le hypervisor ea ACRN e ka sebelisoa e le libaka tsa ho lefa tse sebelisetsoang ho batla bootloader le taolo ea ho fetisetsa tsamaiso ea tsamaiso. Li-interfaces tse tloaelehileng li fanoa bakeng sa mekhoa ea ho sebetsa e kang ACPI, UEFI, Kexec le Multi-boot.
USF e fana ka lera le arohaneng la tšehetso ea li-hardware (FSP, Firmware Support Package), e sebetsanang le lera la 'mino oa sethala sa bokahohleng le se ikhethileng (POL, Platform Orchestration Layer) ka API e tloaelehileng. Lits'ebetso tsa FSP tse kang ho seta bocha ha CPU, ho qala lisebelisoa, ho sebetsa le SMM (Mokhoa oa Tsamaiso ea Tsamaiso), netefatso le netefatso maemong a SoC. Sehlopha sa orchestration se nolofatsa ho theoa ha li-interface tsa ACPI, se tšehetsa lilaebrari tse tloaelehileng tsa bootloader, se u lumella ho sebelisa puo ea Rust ho theha likarolo tse sireletsehileng tsa firmware, 'me se fana ka bokhoni ba ho hlalosa tlhophiso u sebelisa puo ea YAML markup. Boemo ba POL bo boetse bo sebetsana le bopaki, netefatso, le ho kenya lisebelisoa tse sireletsehileng.
Ho lebelletsoe hore moralo o mocha o tla lumella:
- Fokotsa ho rarahana le litšenyehelo tsa ho nts'etsapele firmware bakeng sa lisebelisoa tse ncha ka ho sebelisa khoutu ea likarolo tse tloaelehileng tse lokiselitsoeng, meralo ea modular e sa tlamelletsoeng ho li-bootloader tse itseng, le bokhoni ba ho sebelisa API ea bokahohle bakeng sa ho hlophisa li-module.
- Eketsa boleng le ts'ireletso ea firmware ka ts'ebeliso ea li-module tse netefalitsoeng bakeng sa ho sebelisana le lisebelisoa le lisebelisoa tse sireletsehileng haholoanyane bakeng sa ho netefatsa le ho netefatsa firmware.
- Sebelisa li-loader tse fapaneng le likarolo tsa phallo ea moputso, ho latela mesebetsi e rarolloang.
- Ho potlakisa tsoelo-pele ea mahlale a macha le ho khutsufatsa potoloho ea nts'etsopele - bahlahisi ba ka tsepamisa maikutlo feela ho eketsa ts'ebetso e itseng, ho seng joalo ba sebelisa likarolo tse lokiselitsoeng, tse netefalitsoeng.
- Tekanyo ea ntlafatso ea firmware bakeng sa meralo e fapaneng e tsoakiloeng ea likhomphutha (XPUs), mohlala, ho kenyelletsa, ho kenyelletsa le CPU, sesebelisoa se kopaneng sa "graphics accelerator" (dPGU) le lisebelisoa tse hlophisehileng tsa marang-rang ho potlakisa ts'ebetso ea marang-rang litsing tsa data tse tšehetsang ts'ebetso ea lits'ebetso tsa maru. IPU, Lekala la Ts'ebetso ea Meaho).
Source: opennet.ru