Setsi sa Naha sa Maemo le Theknoloji sa US (NIST) se phatlalalitse bahloli ba tlholisano ea li-cryptographic algorithms tse hananang le khetho komporong ea quantum. Tlholisano e hlophisitsoe lilemo tse tšeletseng tse fetileng mme e ikemiselitse ho khetha li-algorithms tsa post-quantum cryptography tse loketseng ho khethoa joalo ka litekanyetso. Nakong ea tlholisano, li-algorithms tse hlahisitsoeng ke lihlopha tsa lipatlisiso tsa machabeng li ile tsa ithutoa ke litsebi tse ikemetseng bakeng sa bofokoli le bofokoli bo ka bang teng.
Mohloli har'a li-algorithms tsa bokahohleng tse ka sebelisoang ho sireletsa phetiso ea tlhahisoleseling marang-rang a likhomphutha e ne e le CRYSTALS-Kyber, eo matla a eona e leng boholo bo nyane ba linotlolo le lebelo le phahameng. CRYSTALS-Kyber e khothalletsoa hore e fetisetsoe sehlopheng sa litekanyetso. Ho phaella ho CRYSTALS-Kyber, ho na le li-algorithms tse ling tse 'nè tse akaretsang - BIKE, Classic McEliece, HQC le SIKE, tse hlokang tsoelo-pele e eketsehileng. Bangoli ba li-algorithms tsena ba na le monyetla oa ho fihlela la 1 October monyetla oa ho ntlafatsa litlhaloso le ho felisa mefokolo ea ts'ebetsong, ka mor'a moo ba ka kenyelletsoa ho ba qetellang.
Har'a li-algorithms tse reretsoeng ho sebetsa ka li-signature tsa dijithale, CRYSTALS-Dilithium, FALCON le SPHINCS + li totobatsoa. Li-algorithms tsa CRYSTALS-Dilithium le FALCON li sebetsa hantle haholo. CRYSTALS-Dilithium e khothaletsoa e le algorithm e ka sehloohong bakeng sa li-signature tsa dijithale, 'me FALCON e tsepamisitse maikutlo ho litharollo tse hlokang boholo ba bonyane ba saena. SPHINCS + e salla morao ho li-algorithms tse peli tsa pele mabapi le boholo le lebelo la ho saena, empa e kenyelelitsoe har'a ba qetellang e le khetho ea ho boloka, kaha e thehiloe holim'a melao-motheo e fapaneng ea lipalo.
Haholo-holo, li-algorithms tsa CRYSTALS-Kyber, CRYSTALS-Dilithium le FALCON li sebelisa mekhoa ea li-cryptography e thehiloeng ho rarolla mathata a theory ea lattice, nako ea tharollo e sa tšoaneng le lik'homphieutha tse tloaelehileng le tsa quantum. SPHINCS + algorithm e sebelisa mekhoa ea hash-based cryptography.
Li-algorithms tsa bokahohleng tse setseng bakeng sa ntlafatso li boetse li thehiloe holim'a melao-motheo e meng - BIKE le HQC li sebelisa likarolo tsa algebraic coding theory le linear codes, tse sebelisoang hape mererong ea ho lokisa liphoso. NIST e ikemiselitse ho tsoela pele ho tiisa e 'ngoe ea li-algorithms tsena ho fana ka mokhoa o mong ho latela algorithm e seng e khethiloe ea CRYSTALS-Kyber, e ipapisitseng le thuto ea lattice. SIKE algorithm e ipapisitse le ts'ebeliso ea supersingular isogeny (e pota-pota ka har'a graph ea isogeny ea supersingular) hape e nkuoa e le mokhethoa bakeng sa maemo, kaha e na le boholo bo bonyenyane ba senotlolo. Algorithm ea Classic McEliece ke e 'ngoe ea ba fihletseng makgaola-khang, empa ha e so ka e bewa maemong ka lebaka la boholo bo boholo ba senotlolo sa setjhaba.
Tlhokahalo ea ho nts'etsapele le ho tiisa mekhoa e mecha ea li-crypto-algorithms e bakoa ke taba ea hore lik'homphieutha tsa quantum, tse ntseng li tsoela pele ka mafolofolo morao tjena, li rarolla mathata a ho senya palo ea tlhaho hore e be lintlha tse ka sehloohong (RSA, DSA) le discrete logarithm ea elliptic curve points. ECDSA), e tsamaisang mekhoa ea sejoale-joale ea asymmetric encryption. Boemong ba hajoale ba nts'etsopele, bokhoni ba likhomphutha tsa quantum ha bo so lekane ho qhekella li-algorithms tsa khale tsa encryption le li-signature tsa dijithale tse thehiloeng ho linotlolo tsa sechaba, joalo ka ECDSA, empa ho nahanoa hore boemo bo ka fetoha nakong ea lilemo tse 10 mme hoa hlokahala. ho lokisa motheo oa ho fetisetsa li-cryptosystems ho litekanyetso tse ncha.
Source: opennet.ru