Ho fanoe ka tokollo ea moralo oa GNUnet 0.16, o etselitsoeng ho aha marang-rang a sireletsehileng a P2P. Marang-rang a bōpiloeng ka GNUnet ha a na ntlha e le 'ngoe ea ho hlōleha' me a khona ho tiisa ho se sebetse ha boitsebiso ba lekunutu ba basebelisi, ho kenyelletsa le ho felisa tlhekefetso e ka bang teng ke lits'ebeletso tsa bohlale le batsamaisi ba nang le phihlello ea marang-rang.
GNUnet e ts'ehetsa ho theoa ha marang-rang a P2P ho feta TCP, UDP, HTTP/HTTPS, Bluetooth le WLAN, 'me e ka sebetsa ka mokhoa oa F2F (Motsoalle-ho-motsoalle). Nat traversal e tšehetsoa, ho kenyelletsa le ho sebelisa UPnP le ICMP. Ho sebetsana le ho beoa ha data, hoa khoneha ho sebelisa tafole ea hash (DHT). Lisebelisoa tsa ho tsamaisa marang-rang a marang-rang li fanoe. Ho fana le ho hlakola litokelo tsa phihlello ka boikhethelo, ho sebelisoa ts'ebeletso ea phapanyetsano ea boitsebahatso e arolelanoang ka boitsebahatso ea ID, ho sebelisoa GNS (GNU Name System) le Encryption e thehiloeng ho Attribute.
Sistimi e na le tšebeliso e tlase ea lisebelisoa 'me e sebelisa meralo ea mekhoa e mengata ho fana ka ho itšehla thajana lipakeng tsa likarolo. Lisebelisoa tse feto-fetohang li fanoa bakeng sa ho boloka li-log le ho bokella lipalo-palo. Ho hlahisa lits'ebetso tsa ho qetela, GNUnet e fana ka API bakeng sa puo ea C le litlamo bakeng sa lipuo tse ling tsa lenaneo. Ho nolofatsa nts'etsopele, ho khothaletsoa ho sebelisa lilou tsa liketsahalo le lits'ebetso ho fapana le likhoele. E kenyelletsa laeborari ea liteko bakeng sa phetisetso ea boiketsetso ea marang-rang a liteko a sebetsanang le lithaka tse mashome a likete.
Lisebelisoa tse 'maloa tse seng li entsoe li ntse li ntlafatsoa ho ipapisitse le mahlale a GNUnet:
- The GNS (GNU Name System) domain name system e sebetsa e le phetisetso e felletseng le bopaki ba censorship bakeng sa DNS. GNS e ka sebelisoa hammoho le DNS mme ea sebelisoa lits'ebetsong tsa setso joalo ka libatli tsa marang-rang. Ho fapana le DNS, GNS e sebelisa kerafo e lebisitsoeng ho fapana le sehlopha se kang sefate sa li-server. Tlhaloso ea mabitso e tšoana le DNS, empa likōpo le likarabo li etsoa ka mokhoa oa lekunutu-node e sebetsanang le kopo ha e tsebe hore na karabo e romeloa ho mang, 'me li-transit nodes le bashebelli ba motho oa boraro ha ba khone ho hlakola likōpo le likarabo. Botšepehi le ho se feto-fetohe ha litlaleho ho netefatsoa ka tšebeliso ea mekhoa ea li-cryptographic. Sebaka sa DNS ho GNS se ikemiselitse ho sebelisa bongata ba linotlolo tsa ECDSA tsa sechaba le tsa poraefete tse thehiloeng ho Curve25519 elliptic curves.
- Ts'ebeletso ea ho arolelana lifaele tse sa tsejoeng, e sa u lumelleng ho sekaseka tlhahisoleseling ka lebaka la phetisetso ea data feela ka mokhoa o patiloeng mme ha e u lumelle ho tseba hore na ke mang ea rometseng, a batlileng le ho jarolla lifaele ka lebaka la ts'ebeliso ea protocol ea GAP.
- Sistimi ea VPN bakeng sa ho theha lits'ebeletso tse patiloeng sebakeng sa ".gnu" le ho fetisetsa lithanele tsa IPv4 le IPv6 holim'a marang-rang a P2P. Ho feta moo, ho tšehetsoa merero ea phetolelo ea IPv4-to-IPv6 le IPv6-to-IPv4, hammoho le ho theha lithanele tsa IPv4-over-IPv6 le IPv6-over-IPv4.
- Ts'ebeletso ea Puisano ea GNUnet bakeng sa ho letsa ka lentsoe ka GNUnet. GNS e sebelisetsoa ho khetholla basebelisi; litaba tsa sephethephethe sa lentsoe li fetisoa ka mokhoa o patiloeng. Ho se tsejoe ha ho so fanoe - lithaka tse ling li ka lekola khokahano lipakeng tsa basebelisi ba babeli le ho fumana liaterese tsa bona tsa IP.
- Sethala sa ho haha marang-rang a ikemetseng a sechaba Secushare, ho sebelisa protocol ea PSYC le ho ts'ehetsa phetisetso ea litemoso ka mokhoa oa multicast o sebelisa encryption ea ho qetela e le hore basebelisi ba lumelletsoeng feela (bao melaetsa e sa lebelloang ho bona) ba ka fihlella melaetsa, lifaele, lipuisano le lipuisano, ho kenyeletsoa balaoli ba li-node, ba ke ke ba khona ho li bala);
- Sistimi ea lengolo-tsoibila e kentsoeng ea lekunutu e bonolo e sebelisang GNUnet ho sireletsa metadata le ho ts'ehetsa liprothokholo tse fapaneng tsa li-cryptographic bakeng sa netefatso ea bohlokoa;
- Sistimi ea litefo ea GNU Taler e fana ka ho se tsejoe ho bareki, empa e latela lipehelo tsa barekisi bakeng sa pepeneneng le tlaleho ea lekhetho. E ts'ehetsa ho sebetsa ka lichelete tse fapaneng tse teng le chelete ea elektroniki, ho kenyeletsoa lidolara, li-euro le li-bitcoins.
Lintlha tse ncha tse ncha ho GNUnet 0.16:
- Litlhaloso tsa tsamaiso ea mabitso a domain name GNS (GNU Name System) e ntlafalitsoe. Mofuta o mocha oa rekoto, REDIRECT, o khothalelitsoe ho nkela lirekoto tsa CNAME sebaka. Ho ekelitsoe folakha e ncha ea rekoto - CRITICAL, e ka sebelisoang ho tšoaea litlaleho tsa bohlokoa ka ho khetheha, ho se khone ho sebetsa ho lokelang ho lebisa ho khutliseng phoso ea ho tseba lebitso. Ts'ebetso ea ho theha kotopo ea VPN e tlositsoe ho tloha ho se rarollang ho ea lits'ebetsong tse joalo ka ts'ebeletso ea DNS2GNS.
- The distributed hash table (DHT) e sebelisa bokhoni ba ho netefatsa litsela ka signature ea digital. Maemo a bolelele ba tsela a fetotsoe ho sebelisa mokhoa o tloaelehileng oa XOR. Tlhaloso ea libopeho tsa data, mesebetsi ea cryptographic le litlaleho tsa mehloli ea DHT e ntlafalitsoe.
- Ts'ebeletso ea phapanyetsano e arolelanoang ea litšobotsi tsa boitsebahatso (RECLAIM) e ekelitse ts'ehetso bakeng sa li-identifiers tse amohetsoeng (DID, Identifier Decentralized) le mangolo a netefatso (VC, Verifiable Credentials).
- Bakeng sa sistimi ea tefo ea GNU Taler, ts'ehetso ea li-signature tsa dijithale tse sa boneng ka Klaus Schnorr e kentsoe ts'ebetsong (mosaena a ke ke a fumana litaba).
- Sistimi ea kaho e fana ka tlhahiso ea lifaele tsa lihlooho tsa morao-rao tse tsoang ho GANA (GNUnet Assigned Numbers Authority). Ho aha ho tsoa ho git hona joale ho hloka li-recutils.
Source: opennet.ru