🥇Prometheus: Ngawaskeun HTTP via eksportir Blackbox

Halo sadayana. Dina Méi OTUS diluncurkeun workshop on monitoring sarta logging, boh infrastruktur sareng aplikasi nganggo Zabbix, Prometheus, Grafana sareng ELK. Dina hal ieu, kami sacara tradisional ngabagi bahan anu mangpaat dina topik éta.

Éksportir kotak hideung pikeun Prometheus ngidinan Anjeun pikeun nerapkeun ngawaskeun jasa éksternal via HTTP, HTTPS, DNS, TCP, ICMP. Dina tulisan ieu, kuring bakal nunjukkeun anjeun kumaha nyetél monitoring HTTP / HTTPS nganggo eksportir Blackbox. Urang bakal ngajalankeun eksportir Blackbox di Kubernetes.

Lingkungan

Urang bakal peryogi di handap:

Kubernetes
Operator Prometheus

Konfigurasi blackbox eksportir

Ngonpigurasikeun Blackbox via ConfigMap pikeun setélan http modul ngawaskeun jasa wéb.

apiVersion: v1
kind: ConfigMap
metadata:
  name: prometheus-blackbox-exporter
  labels:
    app: prometheus-blackbox-exporter
data:
  blackbox.yaml: |
    modules:
      http_2xx:
        http:
          no_follow_redirects: false
          preferred_ip_protocol: ip4
          valid_http_versions:
          - HTTP/1.1
          - HTTP/2
          valid_status_codes: []
        prober: http
        timeout: 5s

Modul http_2xx dipaké pikeun pariksa yén layanan wéb mulih kode status HTTP 2xx. Konfigurasi eksportir blackbox dijelaskeun dina leuwih jéntré dina dokuméntasi.

Nyebarkeun eksportir blackbox kana klaster Kubernetes

Jelaskeun Deployment и Service pikeun deployment di Kubernetes.

---
kind: Service
apiVersion: v1
metadata:
  name: prometheus-blackbox-exporter
  labels:
    app: prometheus-blackbox-exporter
spec:
  type: ClusterIP
  ports:
    - name: http
      port: 9115
      protocol: TCP
  selector:
    app: prometheus-blackbox-exporter

---
apiVersion: apps/v1
kind: Deployment
metadata:
  name: prometheus-blackbox-exporter
  labels:
    app: prometheus-blackbox-exporter
spec:
  replicas: 1
  selector:
    matchLabels:
      app: prometheus-blackbox-exporter
  template:
    metadata:
      labels:
        app: prometheus-blackbox-exporter
    spec:
      restartPolicy: Always
      containers:
        - name: blackbox-exporter
          image: "prom/blackbox-exporter:v0.15.1"
          imagePullPolicy: IfNotPresent
          securityContext:
            readOnlyRootFilesystem: true
            runAsNonRoot: true
            runAsUser: 1000
          args:
            - "--config.file=/config/blackbox.yaml"
          resources:
            {}
          ports:
            - containerPort: 9115
              name: http
          livenessProbe:
            httpGet:
              path: /health
              port: http
          readinessProbe:
            httpGet:
              path: /health
              port: http
          volumeMounts:
            - mountPath: /config
              name: config
        - name: configmap-reload
          image: "jimmidyson/configmap-reload:v0.2.2"
          imagePullPolicy: "IfNotPresent"
          securityContext:
            runAsNonRoot: true
            runAsUser: 65534
          args:
            - --volume-dir=/etc/config
            - --webhook-url=http://localhost:9115/-/reload
          resources:
            {}
          volumeMounts:
            - mountPath: /etc/config
              name: config
              readOnly: true
      volumes:
        - name: config
          configMap:
            name: prometheus-blackbox-exporter

Ékspor Blackbox tiasa disebarkeun nganggo paréntah di handap ieu. Ruang ngaran monitoring nujul kana Prometheus Operator.

kubectl --namespace=monitoring apply -f blackbox-exporter.yaml

Pastikeun sadaya jasa dijalankeun nganggo paréntah di handap ieu:

kubectl --namespace=monitoring get all --selector=app=prometheus-blackbox-exporter

Cék kotak hideung

Anjeun tiasa ngaksés antarmuka wéb eksportir Blackbox nganggo port-forward:

kubectl --namespace=monitoring port-forward svc/prometheus-blackbox-exporter 9115:9115

Nyambung ka panganteur web eksportir Blackbox via web browser di localhost: 9115.

Lamun indit ka alamat http://localhost:9115/probe?module=http_2xx&target=https://www.google.com, anjeun bakal nempo hasil mariksa URL nu ditangtukeun (https://www.google.com).

nilai métrik probe_success sarua jeung 1 hartina dipariksa suksés. Nilai 0 nunjukkeun kasalahan.

Nyetél Prometheus

Saatos nyebarkeun eksportir BlackBox, urang ngonpigurasikeun Prometheus di prometheus-additional.yaml.

- job_name: 'kube-api-blackbox'
  scrape_interval: 1w
  metrics_path: /probe
  params:
    module: [http_2xx]
  static_configs:
   - targets:
      - https://www.google.com
      - http://www.example.com
      - https://prometheus.io
  relabel_configs:
   - source_labels: [__address__]
     target_label: __param_target
   - source_labels: [__param_target]
     target_label: instance
   - target_label: __address__
     replacement: prometheus-blackbox-exporter:9115 # The blackbox exporter.

Urang ngahasilkeun Secretngagunakeun paréntah di handap ieu.

PROMETHEUS_ADD_CONFIG=$(cat prometheus-additional.yaml | base64)
cat << EOF | kubectl --namespace=monitoring apply -f -
apiVersion: v1
kind: Secret
metadata:
  name: additional-scrape-configs
type: Opaque
data:
  prometheus-additional.yaml: $PROMETHEUS_ADD_CONFIG
EOF

Sebutkeun additional-scrape-configs pikeun Prometheus Operator ngagunakeun additionalScrapeConfigs.

kubectl --namespace=monitoring edit prometheuses k8s
...
spec:
  additionalScrapeConfigs:
    key: prometheus-additional.yaml
    name: additional-scrape-configs

Kami angkat ka antarmuka wéb Prometheus sareng pariksa métrik sareng tujuan.

kubectl --namespace=monitoring port-forward svc/prometheus-k8s 9090:9090

Kami ningali métrik sareng tujuan Blackbox.

Nambahkeun aturan pikeun béwara (waspada)

Pikeun nampi bewara ti eksportir Blackbox, kami bakal nambihan aturan kana Prometheus Operator.

kubectl --namespace=monitoring edit prometheusrules prometheus-k8s-rules
...
  - name: blackbox-exporter
    rules:
    - alert: ProbeFailed
      expr: probe_success == 0
      for: 5m
      labels:
        severity: error
      annotations:
        summary: "Probe failed (instance {{ $labels.instance }})"
        description: "Probe failedn  VALUE = {{ $value }}n  LABELS: {{ $labels }}"
    - alert: SlowProbe
      expr: avg_over_time(probe_duration_seconds[1m]) > 1
      for: 5m
      labels:
        severity: warning
      annotations:
        summary: "Slow probe (instance {{ $labels.instance }})"
        description: "Blackbox probe took more than 1s to completen  VALUE = {{ $value }}n  LABELS: {{ $labels }}"
    - alert: HttpStatusCode
      expr: probe_http_status_code <= 199 OR probe_http_status_code >= 400
      for: 5m
      labels:
        severity: error
      annotations:
        summary: "HTTP Status Code (instance {{ $labels.instance }})"
        description: "HTTP status code is not 200-399n  VALUE = {{ $value }}n  LABELS: {{ $labels }}"
    - alert: SslCertificateWillExpireSoon
      expr: probe_ssl_earliest_cert_expiry - time() < 86400 * 30
      for: 5m
      labels:
        severity: warning
      annotations:
        summary: "SSL certificate will expire soon (instance {{ $labels.instance }})"
        description: "SSL certificate expires in 30 daysn  VALUE = {{ $value }}n  LABELS: {{ $labels }}"
    - alert: SslCertificateHasExpired
      expr: probe_ssl_earliest_cert_expiry - time()  <= 0
      for: 5m
      labels:
        severity: error
      annotations:
        summary: "SSL certificate has expired (instance {{ $labels.instance }})"
        description: "SSL certificate has expired alreadyn  VALUE = {{ $value }}n  LABELS: {{ $labels }}"
    - alert: HttpSlowRequests
      expr: avg_over_time(probe_http_duration_seconds[1m]) > 1
      for: 5m
      labels:
        severity: warning
      annotations:
        summary: "HTTP slow requests (instance {{ $labels.instance }})"
        description: "HTTP request took more than 1sn  VALUE = {{ $value }}n  LABELS: {{ $labels }}"
    - alert: SlowPing
      expr: avg_over_time(probe_icmp_duration_seconds[1m]) > 1
      for: 5m
      labels:
        severity: warning
      annotations:
        summary: "Slow ping (instance {{ $labels.instance }})"
        description: "Blackbox ping took more than 1sn  VALUE = {{ $value }}n  LABELS: {{ $labels }}"

Dina panganteur web Prometheus, buka Status => Aturan sarta manggihan aturan waspada pikeun blackbox-éksportir.

Ngonpigurasikeun Kubernetes API Server Sertipikat SSL béwara béakna

Hayu urang ngonpigurasikeun Kubernetes API Server SSL pangimeutan kadaluwarsa. Bakal ngirim bewara saminggu sakali.

Nambahkeun modul eksportir Blackbox pikeun Kubernetes API Server auténtikasi.

kubectl --namespace=monitoring edit configmap prometheus-blackbox-exporter
...
      kube-api:
        http:
          method: GET
          no_follow_redirects: false
          preferred_ip_protocol: ip4
          tls_config:
            insecure_skip_verify: false
            ca_file: /var/run/secrets/kubernetes.io/serviceaccount/ca.crt
          bearer_token_file: /var/run/secrets/kubernetes.io/serviceaccount/token
          valid_http_versions:
          - HTTP/1.1
          - HTTP/2
          valid_status_codes: []
        prober: http
        timeout: 5s

Nambahkeun konfigurasi kerok Prometheus

- job_name: 'kube-api-blackbox'
  metrics_path: /probe
  params:
    module: [kube-api]
  static_configs:
   - targets:
      - https://kubernetes.default.svc/api
  relabel_configs:
   - source_labels: [__address__]
     target_label: __param_target
   - source_labels: [__param_target]
     target_label: instance
   - target_label: __address__
     replacement: prometheus-blackbox-exporter:9115 # The blackbox exporter.

Ngagunakeun Prometheus Rusiah

PROMETHEUS_ADD_CONFIG=$(cat prometheus-additional.yaml | base64)
cat << EOF | kubectl --namespace=monitoring apply -f -
apiVersion: v1
kind: Secret
metadata:
  name: additional-scrape-configs
type: Opaque
data:
  prometheus-additional.yaml: $PROMETHEUS_ADD_CONFIG
EOF

Nambahkeun aturan waspada

kubectl --namespace=monitoring edit prometheusrules prometheus-k8s-rules
...
  - name: k8s-api-server-cert-expiry
    rules:
    - alert: K8sAPIServerSSLCertExpiringAfterThreeMonths
      expr: probe_ssl_earliest_cert_expiry{job="kube-api-blackbox"} - time() < 86400 * 90 
      for: 1w
      labels:
        severity: warning
      annotations:
        summary: "Kubernetes API Server SSL certificate will expire after three months (instance {{ $labels.instance }})"
        description: "Kubernetes API Server SSL certificate expires in 90 daysn  VALUE = {{ $value }}n  LABELS: {{ $labels }}"

link mangpaat

Ngawaskeun sareng logging di Docker

sumber: www.habr.com