{"id":102442,"date":"2021-12-02T03:36:44","date_gmt":"2021-12-02T01:36:44","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/blog\/novosti-interneta\/vypusk-distributiva-nixos-21-11-ispolzuyushhego-paketnyj-menedzher-nix"},"modified":"2021-12-02T03:36:44","modified_gmt":"2021-12-02T01:36:44","slug":"vypusk-distributiva-nixos-21-11-ispolzuyushhego-paketnyj-menedzher-nix","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/sv\/blog\/news\/vypusk-distributiva-nixos-21-11-ispolzuyushhego-paketnyj-menedzher-nix","title":{"rendered":"Utgivningen av NixOS 21.11, som anv\u00e4nder paketf\u00f6rvaltaren Nix.","gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"text"}]},"content":{"rendered":"<p>Utgivningen av NixOS 21.11 har skett, baserat p\u00e5 pakethanteraren Nix och som erbjuder en rad egna utvecklingar som f\u00f6renklar konfigurationen och underh\u00e5llet av systemet. Till exempel anv\u00e4nder NixOS en enda systemkonfigurationsfil (configuration.nix), tillhandah\u00e5ller m\u00f6jligheten till snabb \u00e5terst\u00e4llning av uppdateringar, har st\u00f6d f\u00f6r att v\u00e4xla mellan olika systemtillst\u00e5nd, st\u00f6djer installation av individuella paket av separata anv\u00e4ndare (paketet installeras i hemkatalogen), m\u00f6jligg\u00f6r samtidig installation av flera versioner av ett program, och erbjuder reproducerbara byggen. Den fullst\u00e4ndiga installationsbildens storlek med KDE \u00e4r 1,6 GB, GNOME \u2014 2 GB, och den f\u00f6rkortade konsolversionen \u2014 765 MB.     <\/p>\n<p>Huvudsakliga nyheter:  <\/p>\n<ul>\n<li class=\"l\"> Skrivbordet KDE Plasma har som standard \u00f6versatts till att anv\u00e4nda Wayland-protokollet. Skrivborden GNOME 41 och Pantheon 6 (fr\u00e5n Elementary OS 6) har uppdaterats.\n<li class=\"l\"> I st\u00e4llet f\u00f6r iptables anv\u00e4nds iptables-nft, som erbjuder verktyg med samma kommandosyntax, men \u00f6vers\u00e4tter de erh\u00e5llna reglerna till bytekod f\u00f6r nf_tables.\n<li class=\"l\"> Versionerna av Systemd 249, PHP 8.0, Python 3.9, PostgreSQL 13, bash 5 och OpenSSH 8.8p1 har uppdaterats.\n<li class=\"l\"> St\u00f6det f\u00f6r containerhanteringssystemet LXD har f\u00f6rb\u00e4ttrats avsev\u00e4rt. M\u00f6jligheten att bygga bilder f\u00f6r LXD fr\u00e5n konfigurationsfiler med hj\u00e4lp av nixpkgs har implementerats. Byggandet av nixOS-bilder med fullt st\u00f6d f\u00f6r nixos-rebuild har s\u00e4kerst\u00e4llts, och dessa kan anv\u00e4ndas sj\u00e4lvst\u00e4ndigt.\n<li class=\"l\"> \u00d6ver 40 nya tj\u00e4nster har lagts till, inklusive Git, btrbk (backup f\u00f6r btrfs), clipcat (utklippshanterare), dex (OAuth 2.0-leverant\u00f6r), Jibri (tj\u00e4nst f\u00f6r att spela in konferenser i Jitsi Meet), Kea (DHCP-server), owncast (videostr\u00f6mning), PeerTube, ucarp (implementering av protokollet CARP), opensnitch (dynamisk brandv\u00e4gg), Hockeypuck (server f\u00f6r OpenPGP-nycklar), MeshCentral (liknande TeamViewer), influxdb2 (databashanterare f\u00f6r lagring av metrik), fluidd (webbgr\u00e4nssnitt f\u00f6r hantering av 3D-skrivare), postfixadmin (webbgr\u00e4nssnitt f\u00f6r hantering av e-post baserat p\u00e5 Postfix), och seafile (plattform f\u00f6r molnlagring). <a class=\"wpil_keyword_link\" href=\"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/sv\/server\/dts-prohoster\/\"   title=\"servern\" data-wpil-keyword-link=\"linked\"  data-wpil-monitor-id=\"3027\">servern<\/a> baserat p\u00e5 Postfix), seafile (molnlagringsplattform).      <\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>Vid anv\u00e4ndning av Nix installeras paket i ett separat katalogtr\u00e4d \/nix\/store eller en undermapp i anv\u00e4ndarkatalogen. Till exempel installeras paketet som \/nix\/store\/a2b5\u20268b163-firefox-94.0.2\/, d\u00e4r \u00aba2b5\u2026\u00bb \u00e4r ett unikt identifierare f\u00f6r paketet som anv\u00e4nds f\u00f6r att kontrollera beroenden. Paketen presenteras i form av containrar som inneh\u00e5ller de n\u00f6dv\u00e4ndiga komponenterna f\u00f6r att applikationer ska fungera. En liknande metod till\u00e4mpas i pakethanteraren GNU Guix, som \u00e4r baserad p\u00e5 arbetet fr\u00e5n Nix.      <\/p>\n<p>Mellan paketen \u00e4r det m\u00f6jligt att definiera beroenden, medan scanning av hash-id:n i katalogen f\u00f6r installerade paket anv\u00e4nds f\u00f6r att kontrollera f\u00f6rekomsten av redan installerade beroenden. Det \u00e4r m\u00f6jligt b\u00e5de att ladda ned f\u00e4rdiga bin\u00e4rpaket fr\u00e5n f\u00f6rr\u00e5det (vid installation av uppdateringar laddas endast delta\u00e4ndringar ned) och att bygga fr\u00e5n k\u00e4llkod med alla beroenden. Paketkollektionen finns i ett specialiserat Nixpkgs-f\u00f6rr\u00e5d.          <\/p>\n<p>K\u00e4lla: <a content=\"nofollow\" rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/www.opennet.ru\/opennews\/art.shtml?num=56263\">opennet.ru<\/a> <\/p>","protected":false,"gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"html"}]},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u0421\u043e\u0441\u0442\u043e\u044f\u043b\u0441\u044f \u0432\u044b\u043f\u0443\u0441\u043a \u0434\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0440\u0438\u0431\u0443\u0442\u0438\u0432\u0430 NixOS 21.11, \u043e\u0441\u043d\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u043d\u0430 \u043f\u0430\u043a\u0435\u0442\u043d\u043e\u043c \u043c\u0435\u043d\u0435\u0434\u0436\u0435\u0440\u0435 Nix \u0438 \u043f\u0440\u0435\u0434\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0430\u0432\u043b\u044f\u044e\u0449\u0435\u0433\u043e \u0440\u044f\u0434 \u0441\u043e\u0431\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u0440\u0430\u0437\u0440\u0430\u0431\u043e\u0442\u043e\u043a, \u0443\u043f\u0440\u043e\u0449\u0430\u044e\u0449\u0438\u0445 \u043d\u0430\u0441\u0442\u0440\u043e\u0439\u043a\u0443 \u0438 \u0441\u043e\u043f\u0440\u043e\u0432\u043e\u0436\u0434\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u0441\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0435\u043c\u044b. \u041d\u0430\u043f\u0440\u0438\u043c\u0435\u0440, \u0432 NixOS \u0438\u0441\u043f\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0437\u0443\u0435\u0442\u0441\u044f \u0435\u0434\u0438\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u0444\u0430\u0439\u043b \u0441\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0435\u043c\u043d\u043e\u0439 \u043a\u043e\u043d\u0444\u0438\u0433\u0443\u0440\u0430\u0446\u0438\u0438 (configuration.nix), \u043f\u0440\u0435\u0434\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0430\u0432\u043b\u044f\u0435\u0442\u0441\u044f \u0432\u043e\u0437\u043c\u043e\u0436\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u044c \u0431\u044b\u0441\u0442\u0440\u043e\u0433\u043e \u043e\u0442\u043a\u0430\u0442\u0430 \u043e\u0431\u043d\u043e\u0432\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0439, \u043f\u0440\u0438\u0441\u0443\u0442\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0443\u0435\u0442 \u043f\u043e\u0434\u0434\u0435\u0440\u0436\u043a\u0430 \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0435\u043a\u043b\u044e\u0447\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f \u043c\u0435\u0436\u0434\u0443 \u0440\u0430\u0437\u043b\u0438\u0447\u043d\u044b\u043c\u0438 \u0441\u043e\u0441\u0442\u043e\u044f\u043d\u0438\u044f\u043c\u0438 \u0441\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0435\u043c\u044b, \u043f\u043e\u0434\u0434\u0435\u0440\u0436\u0438\u0432\u0430\u0435\u0442\u0441\u044f \u0443\u0441\u0442\u0430\u043d\u043e\u0432\u043a\u0430 \u0438\u043d\u0434\u0438\u0432\u0438\u0434\u0443\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u043f\u0430\u043a\u0435\u0442\u043e\u0432 \u043e\u0442\u0434\u0435\u043b\u044c\u043d\u044b\u043c\u0438 \u043f\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0437\u043e\u0432\u0430\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044f\u043c\u0438 (\u043f\u0430\u043a\u0435\u0442 \u0441\u0442\u0430\u0432\u0438\u0442\u0441\u044f \u0432 \u0434\u043e\u043c\u0430\u0448\u043d\u0438\u0439 \u043a\u0430\u0442\u0430\u043b\u043e\u0433), \u0432\u043e\u0437\u043c\u043e\u0436\u043d\u0430 \u043e\u0434\u043d\u043e\u0432\u0440\u0435\u043c\u0435\u043d\u043d\u0430\u044f \u0443\u0441\u0442\u0430\u043d\u043e\u0432\u043a\u0430 [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false,"gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"html"}]},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[702],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-102442","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-news"],"aioseo_notices":[],"aioseo_head":"\n\t\t<!-- All in One SEO 5.0.4 - aioseo.com -->\n\t<meta name=\"description\" content=\"\u0421\u043e\u0441\u0442\u043e\u044f\u043b\u0441\u044f \u0432\u044b\u043f\u0443\u0441\u043a \u0434\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0440\u0438\u0431\u0443\u0442\u0438\u0432\u0430 NixOS 21.11, \u043e\u0441\u043d\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u043d\u0430 \u043f\u0430\u043a\u0435\u0442\u043d\u043e\u043c \u043c\u0435\u043d\u0435\u0434\u0436\u0435\u0440\u0435 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