Utvecklarna av Fedora-projektet planerar att som standard \u00f6verf\u00f6ra atomiskt uppdaterade versioner av distributionen till filsystemet Composefs. Om f\u00f6rslaget godk\u00e4nns av FESCo (Fedora Engineering Steering Committee), som ansvarar f\u00f6r den tekniska delen av utvecklingen av Fedora-distributionen, kommer Composefs att b\u00f6rja till\u00e4mpas i byggena Fedora Silverblue (GNOME), Fedora Kinoite (KDE), Fedora CoreOS, Fedora IoT, Fedora Sway Atomic och Fedora Budgie Atomic. <\/p>\n
\u00c4ndringen m\u00f6jligg\u00f6r anv\u00e4ndning av en root-partition som arbetar i skrivskyddat l\u00e4ge, samt att verktyg f\u00f6r integritetsverifiering kan anv\u00e4ndas f\u00f6r systempartitionen, vilket g\u00f6r det m\u00f6jligt att identifiera problem under drift. Partitionerna \/etc och \/var kommer forts\u00e4tta att monteras med skriv\u00e5tkomst.<\/p>\n
\u0421\u0435\u0439\u0447\u0430\u0441 \u0440\u0430\u0431\u043e\u0442\u0430 \u043e\u0440\u0433\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0437\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0430 \u0447\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0437 \u043c\u043e\u043d\u0442\u0438\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u0440\u0430\u0437\u0434\u0435\u043b\u0430 \/usr \u0432 \u0440\u0435\u0436\u0438\u043c\u0435 \u0442\u043e\u043b\u044c\u043a\u043e \u0434\u043b\u044f \u0447\u0442\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f, \u043f\u0440\u0438 \u0442\u043e\u043c, \u0447\u0442\u043e \u043a\u043e\u0440\u043d\u0435\u0432\u043e\u0439 \u0440\u0430\u0437\u0434\u0435\u043b \u043c\u043e\u043d\u0442\u0438\u0440\u0443\u0435\u0442\u0441\u044f \u0432 \u0440\u0435\u0436\u0438\u043c\u0435, \u0434\u043e\u043f\u0443\u0441\u043a\u0430\u044e\u0449\u0435\u043c \u0437\u0430\u043f\u0438\u0441\u044c, \u0430 \u0432\u043d\u0435\u0441\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u0438\u0437\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0439 \u0437\u0430\u043f\u0440\u0435\u0449\u0430\u0435\u0442\u0441\u044f \u043d\u0430 \u0443\u0440\u043e\u0432\u043d\u0435 \u043f\u0440\u0430\u0432 \u0434\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0443\u043f\u0430 («chattr +i \/»). \u041f\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0435\u0440\u043a\u0430 \u0446\u0435\u043b\u043e\u0441\u0442\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0438 \u043e\u0441\u0443\u0449\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0432\u043b\u044f\u0435\u0442\u0441\u044f \u043d\u0430 \u044d\u0442\u0430\u043f\u0435 \u043e\u0431\u043d\u043e\u0432\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f \u0440\u0430\u0437\u0434\u0435\u043b\u0430, \u0447\u0442\u043e \u043d\u0435 \u043f\u043e\u0437\u0432\u043e\u043b\u044f\u0435\u0442 \u0432\u044b\u044f\u0432\u043b\u044f\u0442\u044c \u043f\u043e\u0432\u0440\u0435\u0436\u0434\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f \u0438 \u0438\u0437\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f, \u0432\u043d\u0435\u0441\u0451\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u0432 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0446\u0435\u0441\u0441\u0435 \u0440\u0430\u0431\u043e\u0442\u044b, \u0431\u0435\u0437 \u0438\u043d\u0438\u0446\u0438\u0438\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0438\u044f \u043f\u043e\u043b\u043d\u043e\u0439 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0435\u0440\u043a\u0438 \u0432\u0441\u0435\u0445 \u0434\u0430\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u043a\u043e\u043c\u0430\u043d\u0434\u043e\u0439 «ostree fsck».<\/p>\n
\u0424\u0430\u0439\u043b\u043e\u0432\u0430\u044f \u0441\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0435\u043c\u0430 Composefs \u0440\u0435\u0430\u043b\u0438\u0437\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0430 \u0432 \u0432\u0438\u0434\u0435 \u043d\u0430\u0434\u0441\u0442\u0440\u043e\u0439\u043a\u0438 \u043d\u0430\u0434 \u0443\u0436\u0435 \u043f\u0440\u0438\u0441\u0443\u0442\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0443\u044e\u0449\u0438\u043c\u0438 \u0432 \u044f\u0434\u0440\u0435 \u0424\u0421 OverlayFS \u0438 EROFS, \u0438 \u043e\u043f\u0442\u0438\u043c\u0438\u0437\u0438\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0430 \u0434\u043b\u044f \u044d\u0444\u0444\u0435\u043a\u0442\u0438\u0432\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0441\u043e\u0432\u043c\u0435\u0441\u0442\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0445\u0440\u0430\u043d\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f \u0441\u043e\u0434\u0435\u0440\u0436\u0438\u043c\u043e\u0433\u043e \u043d\u0435\u0441\u043a\u043e\u043b\u044c\u043a\u0438\u0445 \u043f\u0440\u0438\u043c\u043e\u043d\u0442\u0438\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u0434\u0438\u0441\u043a\u043e\u0432\u044b\u0445 \u043e\u0431\u0440\u0430\u0437\u043e\u0432. \u0424\u0443\u043d\u043a\u0446\u0438\u043e\u043d\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u044c EROFS (Extendable Read-Only File System) \u043e\u0442\u0432\u0435\u0447\u0430\u0435\u0442 \u0442\u0440\u0435\u0431\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0438\u044f\u043c Composefs \u043d\u0430\u0447\u0438\u043d\u0430\u044f \u0441 \u0432\u0435\u0440\u0441\u0438\u0438 \u044f\u0434\u0440\u0430 Linux 5.15, \u0430 OverlayFS — \u043d\u0430\u0447\u0438\u043d\u0430\u044f \u0441 \u044f\u0434\u0440\u0430 6.5. Composefs \u0434\u0430\u0451\u0442 \u0432\u043e\u0437\u043c\u043e\u0436\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u044c \u0441\u043e\u0437\u0434\u0430\u0432\u0430\u0442\u044c \u043c\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e\u0441\u043b\u043e\u0439\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u0424\u0421, \u0432 \u043a\u043e\u0442\u043e\u0440\u044b\u0445 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0438\u0437\u0432\u043e\u043b\u044c\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u0434\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0432\u044c\u044f \u0424\u0421 \u0432 \u0440\u0435\u0436\u0438\u043c\u0435 \u0442\u043e\u043b\u044c\u043a\u043e \u0434\u043b\u044f \u0447\u0442\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f \u043d\u0430\u043a\u043b\u0430\u0434\u044b\u0432\u0430\u044e\u0442\u0441\u044f \u043f\u043e\u0432\u0435\u0440\u0445 \u0448\u0442\u0430\u0442\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u0424\u0421 Linux, \u0432\u044b\u0441\u0442\u0443\u043f\u0430\u044e\u0449\u0438\u0445 \u0432 \u043a\u0430\u0447\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0435 \u043d\u0438\u0436\u043d\u0435\u0433\u043e \u0441\u043b\u043e\u044f. <\/p>\n
Vad som s\u00e4rskiljer Composefs fr\u00e5n redan existerande liknande filsystem \u00e4r st\u00f6det f\u00f6r gemensamt lagring av inneh\u00e5llet fr\u00e5n olika diskavbilder och f\u00f6rekomsten av funktioner f\u00f6r autentisering av l\u00e4sbara data. I Composefs anv\u00e4nds en lagringsmodell med inneh\u00e5llsbaserad adressering, d\u00e4r den prim\u00e4ra identifieraren inte \u00e4r filnamnet, utan en hash av filinneh\u00e5llet. Denna modell m\u00f6jligg\u00f6r deduplicering och g\u00f6r det m\u00f6jligt att lagra endast en kopia av identiska filer som f\u00f6rekommer i olika monterade partitioner. <\/p>\n
Systemavbilder inneh\u00e5ller vanligtvis m\u00e5nga standardfiler, och vid anv\u00e4ndning av Composefs kommer var och en av dessa filer att delas av alla monterade avbildningar, utan att anv\u00e4nda trick som h\u00e5rda l\u00e4nkar. Samtidigt lagras gemensamma filer inte bara som en kopia p\u00e5 disken, utan tar ocks\u00e5 upp en post i sidcache, vilket g\u00f6r att man kan spara b\u00e5de disk- och RAM-minne.<\/p>\n
F\u00f6r att spara diskutrymme \u00e4r data och metadata i Composefs separerade och vid montering anges en bin\u00e4rindex d\u00e4r alla metadata f\u00f6r filsystemet, filnamn, \u00e5tkomstr\u00e4ttigheter och annan information finns. Metadataindex skapas f\u00f6r varje avbildning av FS och lagras i en separat fil i EROFS-format (i loopback-l\u00e4ge monteras en avbildning av EROFS som bara inneh\u00e5ller metadata). Sj\u00e4lva filerna fr\u00e5n alla monterade avbildningar lagras i en gemensam grundkatalog i ett vanligt filsystem (ext4, xfs, btrfs) och kopplas till avbildningen med hj\u00e4lp av den ut\u00f6kade attributen rusted.overlay.redirect, p\u00e5 basis av vilken OverlayFS hittar n\u00f6dv\u00e4ndiga filer via inneh\u00e5llshash.<\/p>\n
\u0414\u043b\u044f \u0432\u0435\u0440\u0438\u0444\u0438\u043a\u0430\u0446\u0438\u0438 \u0441\u043e\u0434\u0435\u0440\u0436\u0438\u043c\u043e\u0433\u043e \u043e\u0442\u0434\u0435\u043b\u044c\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u0444\u0430\u0439\u043b\u043e\u0432 \u0438 \u0432\u0441\u0435\u0433\u043e \u043e\u0431\u0440\u0430\u0437\u0430 \u0432 \u0443\u0441\u043b\u043e\u0432\u0438\u044f\u0445 \u043e\u0431\u0449\u0435\u0433\u043e \u0445\u0440\u0430\u043d\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f \u043f\u0440\u0438\u043c\u0435\u043d\u044f\u0435\u0442\u0441\u044f \u043c\u0435\u0445\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0437\u043c fs-verity, \u043a\u043e\u0442\u043e\u0440\u044b\u0439 \u043f\u0440\u0438 \u043e\u0431\u0440\u0430\u0449\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0438 \u043a \u0444\u0430\u0439\u043b\u0430\u043c \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0435\u0440\u044f\u0435\u0442 \u0441\u043e\u043e\u0442\u0432\u0435\u0442\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0438\u0435 \u0443\u043a\u0430\u0437\u0430\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u0432 \u0431\u0438\u043d\u0430\u0440\u043d\u043e\u043c \u0438\u043d\u0434\u0435\u043a\u0441\u0435 \u0445\u044d\u0448\u0435\u0439 \u0441 \u0444\u0430\u043a\u0442\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u0438\u043c \u0441\u043e\u0434\u0435\u0440\u0436\u0438\u043c\u044b\u043c — \u0435\u0441\u043b\u0438 \u0437\u043b\u043e\u0443\u043c\u044b\u0448\u043b\u0435\u043d\u043d\u0438\u043a \u0432\u043d\u0435\u0441\u0451\u0442 \u0438\u0437\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u0432 \u0444\u0430\u0439\u043b \u0432 \u0431\u0430\u0437\u043e\u0432\u043e\u043c \u043a\u0430\u0442\u0430\u043b\u043e\u0433\u0435 \u0438\u043b\u0438 \u0434\u0430\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u043f\u043e\u0432\u0440\u0435\u0434\u044f\u0442\u0441\u044f \u0432 \u0440\u0435\u0437\u0443\u043b\u044c\u0442\u0430\u0442\u0435 \u0441\u0431\u043e\u044f, \u0442\u043e \u043f\u043e\u0434\u043e\u0431\u043d\u0430\u044f \u0441\u0432\u0435\u0440\u043a\u0430 \u0432\u044b\u044f\u0432\u0438\u0442 \u0440\u0430\u0441\u0445\u043e\u0436\u0434\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435. \u0420\u0430\u0437\u0440\u0430\u0431\u043e\u0442\u0447\u0438\u043a\u0438 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0435\u043a\u0442\u0430 Fedora \u043d\u0430\u043c\u0435\u0440\u0435\u043d\u044b \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0432\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0438 \u0430\u0442\u043e\u043c\u0430\u0440\u043d\u043e \u043e\u0431\u043d\u043e\u0432\u043b\u044f\u0435\u043c\u044b\u0435 \u0440\u0435\u0434\u0430\u043a\u0446\u0438\u0438 \u0434\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0440\u0438\u0431\u0443\u0442\u0438\u0432\u0430 \u043f\u043e \u0443\u043c\u043e\u043b\u0447\u0430\u043d\u0438\u044e \u043d\u0430 \u0444\u0430\u0439\u043b\u043e\u0432\u0443\u044e \u0441\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0435\u043c\u0443 Composefs. \u0412 \u0441\u043b\u0443\u0447\u0430\u0435 \u0443\u0442\u0432\u0435\u0440\u0436\u0434\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f \u043f\u0440\u0435\u0434\u043b\u043e\u0436\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f \u043a\u043e\u043c\u0438\u0442\u0435\u0442\u043e\u043c FESCo (Fedora Engineering Steering Committee), \u043e\u0442\u0432\u0435\u0447\u0430\u044e\u0449\u0438\u043c \u0437\u0430 \u0442\u0435\u0445\u043d\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u0443\u044e \u0447\u0430\u0441\u0442\u044c \u0440\u0430\u0437\u0440\u0430\u0431\u043e\u0442\u043a\u0438 \u0434\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0440\u0438\u0431\u0443\u0442\u0438\u0432\u0430 Fedora, Composefs \u043d\u0430\u0447\u043d\u0451\u0442 \u043f\u0440\u0438\u043c\u0435\u043d\u044f\u0442\u044c\u0441\u044f \u0432 \u0441\u0431\u043e\u0440\u043a\u0430\u0445 Fedora Silverblue (GNOME), Fedora Kinoite (KDE), Fedora CoreOS, Fedora IoT, Fedora Sway Atomic \u0438 Fedora Budgie Atomic. \u0418\u0437\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435 […]<\/p>\n","protected":false,"gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"html"}]},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[702],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-116748","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-news"],"aioseo_notices":[],"aioseo_head":"\n\t\t\n\t\n\t\n\t\n\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\n","aioseo_head_json":{"title":"\ud83e\udd47Fedora Linux atomiska varianter planerar att \u00f6verg\u00e5 till FS Composefs | ProHoster","description":"Utvecklarna av Fedora-projektet planerar att standardm\u00e4ssigt migrera atomiskt uppdaterade versioner av distributionen till 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