{"id":152306,"date":"2025-12-22T11:11:57","date_gmt":"2025-12-22T09:12:03","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/blog\/novosti-interneta\/reliz-os-qubes-4-3-0-ispolzuyushhej-virtualizacziyu-dlya-izolyaczii-prilozhenij"},"modified":"2025-12-22T11:11:57","modified_gmt":"2025-12-22T09:12:03","slug":"reliz-os-qubes-4-3-0-ispolzuyushhej-virtualizacziyu-dlya-izolyaczii-prilozhenij","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/sv\/blog\/news\/reliz-os-qubes-4-3-0-ispolzuyushhej-virtualizacziyu-dlya-izolyaczii-prilozhenij","title":{"rendered":"Utg\u00e5van av operativsystemet Qubes 4.3.0, som anv\u00e4nder virtualisering f\u00f6r att isolera applikationer.","gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"text"}]},"content":{"rendered":"<p>Efter tv\u00e5 \u00e5rs utveckling har version 4.3.0 av operativsystemet Qubes lanserats, vilket implementerar id\u00e9n om att anv\u00e4nda en hypervisor f\u00f6r att strikt isolera applikationer och OS-komponenter (varje klass av applikationer och systemtj\u00e4nster k\u00f6rs i separata virtuella maskiner). Det rekommenderas att anv\u00e4nda ett system med 16 GB RAM (minst 6 GB) och en 64-bitars CPU fr\u00e5n Intel eller AMD som st\u00f6der teknologierna VT-x med EPT\/AMD-v med RVI och VT-d eller AMD IOMMU, samt att ha ett Intel GPU (NVIDIA och AMD GPU:er har inte testats tillr\u00e4ckligt bra). Storleken p\u00e5 installationsavbilden \u00e4r 7,8 GB (x86_64).            <\/p>\n<p>Applikationerna i Qubes \u00e4r indelade i klasser beroende p\u00e5 vikten av de behandlade uppgifterna och de problem som l\u00f6ses. Varje klass av applikationer (till exempel arbete, underh\u00e5llning, bank\u00e4renden) samt systemtj\u00e4nster (n\u00e4tverksdelar, brandv\u00e4ggar, hantering av lagring, USB-stack etc.) k\u00f6rs i separata virtuella maskiner, som startas med hj\u00e4lp av hypervisorn Xen. Dessa applikationer \u00e4r tillg\u00e4ngliga inom samma skrivbord och markeras f\u00f6r tydlighetens skull med olika f\u00e4rger p\u00e5 f\u00f6nsterkanterna. Varje milj\u00f6 har l\u00e4s\u00e5tkomst till den grundl\u00e4ggande rotfs och det lokala lagret, som inte \u00f6verlappar med lagren i andra milj\u00f6er; en speciell tj\u00e4nst anv\u00e4nds f\u00f6r att organisera interaktionen mellan applikationerna.       <\/p>\n<p><center><img decoding=\"async\" alt=\"Utg\u00e5van av operativsystemet Qubes 4.3.0, som anv\u00e4nder virtualisering f\u00f6r att isolera applikationer.\" src=\"\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/12\/0228681ffc49a396d23d7119144928ab.png\" style=\"display:block;margin: 0 auto;\" \/><\/center>      <\/p>\n<p>Som grund f\u00f6r att skapa virtuella milj\u00f6er kan en paketbas fr\u00e5n Fedora och Debian anv\u00e4ndas, och \u00e4ven gemenskapen st\u00f6der mallar f\u00f6r Ubuntu, Gentoo och Arch Linux. Det \u00e4r m\u00f6jligt att organisera \u00e5tkomst till applikationer i en virtuell maskin med Windows, samt att skapa <a class=\"wpil_keyword_link\" href=\"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/sv\/vps\/\"   title=\"virtuella maskiner\" data-wpil-keyword-link=\"linked\"  data-wpil-monitor-id=\"2247\">virtuella maskiner<\/a> baserat p\u00e5 Whonix f\u00f6r att s\u00e4kerst\u00e4lla anonym \u00e5tkomst via Tor. Anv\u00e4ndargr\u00e4nssnittet \u00e4r byggt p\u00e5 Xfce. N\u00e4r anv\u00e4ndaren startar en applikation fr\u00e5n menyn, startar denna applikation i en viss virtuell maskin. Inneh\u00e5llet i de virtuella milj\u00f6erna definieras av en upps\u00e4ttning mallar.     <center><img decoding=\"async\" alt=\"Utg\u00e5van av operativsystemet Qubes 4.3.0, som anv\u00e4nder virtualisering f\u00f6r att isolera applikationer.\" src=\"\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/12\/8f239008e2410d94ddf2f997849a84da.png\" style=\"display:block;margin: 0 auto;\" \/><\/center>          <\/p>\n<p>Huvudsakliga f\u00f6r\u00e4ndringar:  <\/p>\n<ul>\n<li class=\"l\">  Basmilj\u00f6n Dom0 har uppdaterats till paketbasen Fedora 41, och mallen f\u00f6r virtuella milj\u00f6er har uppdaterats till Fedora 42.\n<li class=\"l\"> Mallen f\u00f6r att skapa virtuella milj\u00f6er baserade p\u00e5 Debian har uppdaterats till Debian 13, och mallen baserad p\u00e5 Whonix har uppdaterats till Whonix 18.  <\/li>\n<li class=\"l\"> Hypervisorn Xen har uppdaterats till version 4.19 (tidigare anv\u00e4ndes Xen 4.17).\n<li class=\"l\"> St\u00f6det f\u00f6r f\u00f6rhandsladdning av eng\u00e5ngsisolerade milj\u00f6er (dispvm - disposable vm) har implementerats, vilket g\u00f6r att man kan undvika f\u00f6rdr\u00f6jningen (7-20 sekunder) vid start av regelbundet anv\u00e4nda applikationer i eng\u00e5ngsmilj\u00f6er.\n<li class=\"l\"> Ett f\u00f6rb\u00e4ttrat verktygssats QWT (Qubes Windows Tools) f\u00f6r att k\u00f6ra virtuella maskiner med Windows har f\u00f6reslagits. St\u00f6d f\u00f6r Windows 10 och 11 har implementerats. St\u00f6det f\u00f6r Windows 7 har upph\u00f6rt.    <center><img decoding=\"async\" alt=\"Utg\u00e5van av operativsystemet Qubes 4.3.0, som anv\u00e4nder virtualisering f\u00f6r att isolera applikationer.\" src=\"\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/12\/6289d510599e60903e6afe29473938e8.png\" style=\"display:block;margin: 0 auto;\" \/><\/center>\n<li class=\"l\"> En ny Device API har implementerats f\u00f6r att konfigurera automatisk anslutning av externa enheter till virtuella maskiner, s\u00e5som USB-minnen, externa ljud- och n\u00e4tverkskort, inmatningsenheter, webbkameror och Bluetooth-enheter. Ett grafiskt gr\u00e4nssnitt f\u00f6r att konfigurera enhetspassthrough har lagts till. <a class=\"wpil_keyword_link\" href=\"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/sv\/vps\/abuzoustojchivye-vps\/\"   title=\"virtuella maskiner\" data-wpil-keyword-link=\"linked\"  data-wpil-monitor-id=\"4237\">virtuella maskiner<\/a>.      <center><img decoding=\"async\" alt=\"Utg\u00e5van av operativsystemet Qubes 4.3.0, som anv\u00e4nder virtualisering f\u00f6r att isolera applikationer.\" src=\"\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/12\/712b04cec3c0fe1a6757648d608c70bd.png\" style=\"display:block;margin: 0 auto;\" \/><\/center>\n<li class=\"l\"> En ny upps\u00e4ttning ikoner anv\u00e4nds i Qube Manager och andra grafiska verktyg.    <center><img decoding=\"async\" alt=\"Utg\u00e5van av operativsystemet Qubes 4.3.0, som anv\u00e4nder virtualisering f\u00f6r att isolera applikationer.\" src=\"\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/12\/5b9b704726ebd5540427a46a9dd62b6b.png\" style=\"display:block;margin: 0 auto;\" \/><\/center>\n<li class=\"l\"> M\u00f6jligheten att bifoga godtyckliga textanteckningar till virtuella maskiner har lagts till.    <center><img decoding=\"async\" alt=\"Utg\u00e5van av operativsystemet Qubes 4.3.0, som anv\u00e4nder virtualisering f\u00f6r att isolera applikationer.\" src=\"\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/12\/fbf8bed2c1be54cb0b48d10093bf9497.png\" style=\"display:block;margin: 0 auto;\" \/><\/center>\n<li class=\"l\"> I konfigureraren f\u00f6r virtuella maskiner har ikonvisning f\u00f6r applikationer implementerats.    <center><img decoding=\"async\" alt=\"Utg\u00e5van av operativsystemet Qubes 4.3.0, som anv\u00e4nder virtualisering f\u00f6r att isolera applikationer.\" src=\"\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/12\/b4976825711241589efc1996259d5892.png\" style=\"display:block;margin: 0 auto;\" \/><\/center>\n<li class=\"l\"> Navigeringen i applikationsmenyerna har f\u00f6rb\u00e4ttrats med hj\u00e4lp av tangentbordet.\n<li class=\"l\"> En centraliserad tj\u00e4nst qubes.TrayNotification har lagts till f\u00f6r att visa meddelanden fr\u00e5n olika virtuella maskiner.\n<li class=\"l\"> En m\u00f6jlighet har lagts till f\u00f6r att starta terminalen med root-r\u00e4ttigheter via Qubes Domains-widgeten.\n<li class=\"l\"> St\u00f6d f\u00f6r avancerad formattering (AF, Advanced Format) f\u00f6r att arbeta med diskar med 4-kilobyte sektorer har lagts till.\n<li class=\"l\"> Experimentellt st\u00f6d f\u00f6r konfigurationshantering via Ansible har lagts till.\n<li class=\"l\"> Experimentellt st\u00f6d f\u00f6r Qubes Air-tekniken har lagts till med implementeringen av qrexec-protokollet och m\u00f6jligheten att k\u00f6ra externa virtuella maskiner.\n<li class=\"l\"> Den standardanv\u00e4nda sk\u00e4rmsl\u00e4ckaren har bytts ut fr\u00e5n XScreenSaver till xfce4-screensaver.\n<li class=\"l\"> St\u00f6det f\u00f6r anslutna ljudkort och Bluetooth-ljudenheter har f\u00f6rb\u00e4ttrats.        <\/ul>\n<p>        <center><img decoding=\"async\" alt=\"Utg\u00e5van av operativsystemet Qubes 4.3.0, som anv\u00e4nder virtualisering f\u00f6r att isolera applikationer.\" src=\"\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/12\/f73ab4b6ba8c4943e7adf57161825c3b.png\" style=\"display:block;margin: 0 auto;\" \/><\/center><br \/>\n<br \/>K\u00e4lla: <a content=\"nofollow\" rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/www.opennet.ru\/opennews\/art.shtml?num=64471\">opennet.ru<\/a> <\/p>","protected":false,"gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"html"}]},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u041f\u043e\u0441\u043b\u0435 \u0434\u0432\u0443\u0445 \u043b\u0435\u0442 \u0440\u0430\u0437\u0440\u0430\u0431\u043e\u0442\u043a\u0438 \u043f\u0440\u0435\u0434\u0441\u0442\u0430\u0432\u043b\u0435\u043d \u0440\u0435\u043b\u0438\u0437 \u043e\u043f\u0435\u0440\u0430\u0446\u0438\u043e\u043d\u043d\u043e\u0439 \u0441\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0435\u043c\u044b Qubes 4.3.0, \u0440\u0435\u0430\u043b\u0438\u0437\u0443\u044e\u0449\u0435\u0439 \u0438\u0434\u0435\u044e \u0438\u0441\u043f\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0437\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0438\u044f \u0433\u0438\u043f\u0435\u0440\u0432\u0438\u0437\u043e\u0440\u0430 \u0434\u043b\u044f \u0441\u0442\u0440\u043e\u0433\u043e\u0439 \u0438\u0437\u043e\u043b\u044f\u0446\u0438\u0438 \u043f\u0440\u0438\u043b\u043e\u0436\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0439 \u0438 \u043a\u043e\u043c\u043f\u043e\u043d\u0435\u043d\u0442\u043e\u0432 \u041e\u0421 (\u043a\u0430\u0436\u0434\u044b\u0439 \u043a\u043b\u0430\u0441\u0441 \u043f\u0440\u0438\u043b\u043e\u0436\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0439 \u0438 \u0441\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0435\u043c\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u0441\u0435\u0440\u0432\u0438\u0441\u044b \u0440\u0430\u0431\u043e\u0442\u0430\u044e\u0442 \u0432 \u043e\u0442\u0434\u0435\u043b\u044c\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u0432\u0438\u0440\u0442\u0443\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u043c\u0430\u0448\u0438\u043d\u0430\u0445). \u0414\u043b\u044f \u0440\u0430\u0431\u043e\u0442\u044b \u0440\u0435\u043a\u043e\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0434\u0443\u0435\u0442\u0441\u044f \u0441\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0435\u043c\u0430 \u0441 16 \u0413\u0431 \u041e\u0417\u0423 (\u043c\u0438\u043d\u0438\u043c\u0443\u043c &#8212; 6 \u0413\u0431) \u0438 64-\u0440\u0430\u0437\u0440\u044f\u0434\u043d\u044b\u043c CPU Intel \u0438\u043b\u0438 AMD \u0441 \u043f\u043e\u0434\u0434\u0435\u0440\u0436\u043a\u043e\u0439 \u0442\u0435\u0445\u043d\u043e\u043b\u043e\u0433\u0438\u0439 VT-x c [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false,"gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"html"}]},"author":1,"featured_media":152307,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[702],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-152306","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-news"],"aioseo_notices":[],"aioseo_head":"\n\t\t<!-- All in One SEO 5.0.4 - aioseo.com -->\n\t<meta name=\"description\" content=\"\u041f\u043e\u0441\u043b\u0435 \u0434\u0432\u0443\u0445 \u043b\u0435\u0442 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