{"id":183118,"date":"2026-08-26T10:56:07","date_gmt":"2026-08-26T08:56:08","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/blog\/news\/pervyj-vypusk-mklinux-dlya-odnovremennogo-vypolneniya-neskolkih-ekzemplyarov-yadra-linux"},"modified":"2026-08-26T10:56:10","modified_gmt":"2026-08-26T08:56:10","slug":"first-mklinux-release-for-running-multiple-linux-kernel-instances-simultaneously","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/sv\/blog\/news\/first-mklinux-release-for-running-multiple-linux-kernel-instances-simultaneously","title":{"rendered":"Den f\u00f6rsta versionen av mklinux f\u00f6r samtidig k\u00f6rning av flera Linux-k\u00e4rnor","gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"text"}]},"content":{"rendered":"

Den f\u00f6rsta offentliga utg\u00e5van av projektet Multikernel Linux (mklinux-v7.0-mk2) har presenterats, vilket utvecklar en variant av Linux-k\u00e4rnan som m\u00f6jligg\u00f6r k\u00f6rning av flera oberoende k\u00e4rnexemplar p\u00e5 en och samma fysiska dator utan att anv\u00e4nda hypervisor och virtualisering. Varje k\u00e4rnexemplar har direkt tillg\u00e5ng till h\u00e5rdvaruresurserna och kan anv\u00e4ndas f\u00f6r att k\u00f6ra separata isolerade systemmilj\u00f6er. Den f\u00f6rsta utg\u00e5van \u00e4r baserad p\u00e5 Linux-k\u00e4rnan 7.0 och inneh\u00e5ller byggkonfigurationen «CONFIG_MULTIKERNEL», som vid avst\u00e4ngning g\u00f6r att k\u00e4rnan blir helt identisk med standardk\u00e4rnan 7.0. F\u00f6r n\u00e4rvarande st\u00f6ds endast x86_64-arkitekturen. <\/p>\n

Multikernel presenteras som en ny isoleringsmekanism som fyller en nisch mellan virtualisering via hypervisorer och containerbaserad isolering med en delad k\u00e4rna. Till skillnad fr\u00e5n virtualisering kr\u00e4ver Multikernel inte anv\u00e4ndning av en hypervisor, f\u00f6renklar skapandet av milj\u00f6er f\u00f6r isolerad k\u00f6rning av separata applikationer och m\u00f6jligg\u00f6r h\u00f6g prestanda utan kostnader f\u00f6r virtualisering. Till skillnad fr\u00e5n containrar erbjuder Multikernel en h\u00f6g niv\u00e5 av isolering och g\u00f6r det m\u00f6jligt att anv\u00e4nda en separat k\u00e4rna i varje isolerad milj\u00f6, d\u00e4r en krasch eller utnyttjande av s\u00e5rbarhet inte p\u00e5verkar andra milj\u00f6er.

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V\u00e4rdk\u00e4rnan hanterar f\u00f6rdelningen av tillg\u00e4ngliga CPU, minne och PCI-enheter mellan parallellt k\u00f6rande ytterligare k\u00e4rninstanser. Varje instans k\u00f6rs p\u00e5 en separat tilldelad CPU-k\u00e4rna, arbetar med de enheter som tilldelas den och har tillg\u00e5ng till ett dedikerat omr\u00e5de av fysisk minne. Samtidig k\u00f6rning av flera k\u00e4rnor sker utan virtualisering, med hj\u00e4lp av en SMP-hanterare som distribuerar tillg\u00e4ngliga CPU. Dynamisk resursallokering f\u00f6r de k\u00f6rande milj\u00f6erna st\u00f6ds, liksom s\u00e4kerst\u00e4llande av f\u00f6ruts\u00e4gbar prestanda. <\/p>\n

Genom att utesluta de kostnader som \u00e4r typiska f\u00f6r virtualisering, bed\u00f6ms prestandan vid anv\u00e4ndning av Multikernel vara n\u00e4ra prestandan av att k\u00f6ra p\u00e5 dedikerad h\u00e5rdvara. Vid anv\u00e4ndning av Multikernel saknas fasen f\u00f6r \u00f6verf\u00f6ring av kontroll mellan virtuella maskiner (VM exit), niv\u00e5 2 minnessidor anv\u00e4nds inte, en separat enhetsmodell och IOMMU-\u00f6vers\u00e4ttning beh\u00f6vs inte. J\u00e4mf\u00f6rt med hypervisorer KVM<\/a> Vid anv\u00e4ndning av Multikernel noteras en \u00f6kning av prestandan f\u00f6r olika systemanrop och funktioner fr\u00e5n 1,07 till 2,5 g\u00e5nger (fork + exit \u2014 1,07x, write() \u2014 1,39x, AF_UNIX \u2014 1,55x, Pipe \u2014 2,18x, kontextbyten \u2014 2,50x), bandbredd och latens vid minneshantering ligger p\u00e5 samma niv\u00e5.

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K\u00e4lla: opennet.ru<\/a> <\/p>","protected":false,"gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"html"}]},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

\u041f\u0440\u0435\u0434\u0441\u0442\u0430\u0432\u043b\u0435\u043d \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0432\u044b\u0439 \u043f\u0443\u0431\u043b\u0438\u0447\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u0432\u044b\u043f\u0443\u0441\u043a \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0435\u043a\u0442\u0430 Multikernel Linux (mklinux-v7.0-mk2), \u0440\u0430\u0437\u0432\u0438\u0432\u0430\u044e\u0449\u0435\u0433\u043e \u0432\u0430\u0440\u0438\u0430\u043d\u0442 \u044f\u0434\u0440\u0430 Linux, \u0434\u043e\u043f\u043e\u043b\u043d\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u0432\u043e\u0437\u043c\u043e\u0436\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u044c\u044e \u0432\u044b\u043f\u043e\u043b\u043d\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f \u043d\u0435\u0441\u043a\u043e\u043b\u044c\u043a\u0438\u0445 \u043d\u0435\u0437\u0430\u0432\u0438\u0441\u0438\u043c\u044b\u0445 \u044d\u043a\u0437\u0435\u043c\u043f\u043b\u044f\u0440\u043e\u0432 \u044f\u0434\u0440\u0430 \u043d\u0430 \u043e\u0434\u043d\u043e\u043c \u0444\u0438\u0437\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u043e\u043c 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