{"id":30399,"date":"2019-10-31T21:35:20","date_gmt":"2019-10-31T18:35:20","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/blog\/voip-zoopark-provisioning\/"},"modified":"2019-10-31T21:35:20","modified_gmt":"2019-10-31T18:35:20","slug":"voip-zoopark-provisioning","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/sv\/blog\/news\/voip-zoopark-provisioning","title":{"rendered":"VoIP zoologisk park \u2014 Provisioning","gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"text"}]},"content":{"rendered":"

Inledning<\/h4>\n

\nEn g\u00e5ng godk\u00e4nde ledningen ett experiment f\u00f6r att implementera IP-telefoni p\u00e5 v\u00e5rt kontor. Eftersom min erfarenhet inom detta omr\u00e5de var mycket begr\u00e4nsad v\u00e4ckte uppgiften mitt stora intresse och jag f\u00f6rdjupade mig i att studera olika aspekter av fr\u00e5gan. N\u00e4r jag hade l\u00e4rt mig klart beslutade jag mig f\u00f6r att dela med mig av de kunskaper jag hade f\u00e5tt \u2014 i hopp om att de kan vara till nytta f\u00f6r n\u00e5gon. S\u00e5\u2026<\/p>\n

Ursprungliga data<\/h4>\n

\nAsterisk valdes och implementerades som IP-PBX. Telefonparken best\u00e5r av Cisco 7906g, Panasonic UT-KX123B, Grandstream GXP1400 och Dlink DPH-150S(E)\/F3, Yealink T19 och T21. Denna variation beror p\u00e5 att det i experimentet beslutades att testa lite av varje f\u00f6r att bilda sig en uppfattning om f\u00f6rh\u00e5llandet mellan pris\/kvalitet\/bekv\u00e4mlighet.<\/p>\n

Uppgift<\/h4>\n

\nM\u00f6jligtvis f\u00f6renkla och standardisera processen f\u00f6r att konfigurera nya apparater. Alla telefoner ska vara synkroniserade tidm\u00e4ssigt och ha en telefonbok som laddas fr\u00e5n servern<\/a> och ge administrat\u00f6ren tillg\u00e5ng till inst\u00e4llningarna.<\/p>\n

L\u00f6sningen p\u00e5 detta problem \u00e4r enkel \u2014 implementera automatisk konfiguration av telefonerna, s\u00e5 kallad Provisioning. Egentligen kommer det att handla om min implementation av denna fantastiska funktion.
\n<\/a><\/noindex><\/p>\n

Konfigurering av tftpd, dhcpd<\/h4>\n

\nF\u00f6r att dela inst\u00e4llningarna till telefonerna valde jag tftp som ett universellt alternativ, som st\u00f6ds av alla plattformar och \u00e4r l\u00e4tt att konfigurera och hantera.<\/p>\n

Ingen specifik konfiguration f\u00f6r tftp var n\u00f6dv\u00e4ndig. Jag installerade den vanliga tftpd och placerade alla n\u00f6dv\u00e4ndiga filer i dess rotkatalog.
\nInst\u00e4llningsfilerna placerades i kataloger enligt tillverkare. Men Cisco-enheten ville inte n\u00e5 sin mapp, s\u00e5 jag var tvungen att lagra den i roten.<\/p>\n

F\u00f6r att ange telefonernas plats f\u00f6r tftp-servern anv\u00e4nde jag option-66. Dessutom delade jag dem i separata klasser efter tillverkare. Varje klass fick sitt eget adresssegment och en individuell mapp f\u00f6r konfigurationsfiler. F\u00f6r \u00f6vrigt var jag tvungen att ber\u00e4kna D-link-enheterna utifr\u00e5n MAC-adresser, eftersom de inte tillhandah\u00e5ller information om tillverkaren i DHCP-f\u00f6rfr\u00e5gan.<\/p>\n

Utdrag av dhcpd.conf<\/b><\/p>\n

# \u0423\u043a\u0430\u0437\u044b\u0432\u0430\u0435\u043c \u043d\u0435\u043e\u0431\u0445\u043e\u0434\u0438\u043c\u044b\u0435 \u043e\u043f\u0446\u0438\u0438 \noption option-66 code 66 = text;\n\nclass "panasonic" {\n\tmatch if substring (option vendor-class-identifier,0,9) = "Panasonic";\n\toption option-66 "10.1.1.50\/panasonic\/";\n}\nclass "cisco" {\n\tmatch if substring (option vendor-class-identifier,0,36) = "Cisco Systems, Inc. IP Phone CP-7906";\n\toption option-66 "10.1.1.50\/cisco\/";\n}\n\nclass "grandstream" {\n match if substring (option vendor-class-identifier,0,11) = "Grandstream";\n option option-66 "10.1.1.50\/grandstream\/";\n}\n\nclass "dlink" {\n\tmatch if (binary-to-ascii (16,8,":",substring(hardware,1,4)) = "c8:d3:a3:8d") or\n\t(binary-to-ascii (16,8,":",substring(hardware,1,4)) = "90:94:e4:72");\n\toption option-66 "10.1.1.50\/dlink\/";\n}\n\nclass "yealink" {\n                match if substring (option vendor-class-identifier,0,7) = "Yealink";\n                option option-66 "10.1.1.50\/yealink\/";\n        }\n\n<\/pre>\n
Telefonerna tvingades uteslutas fr\u00e5n den vanliga poolen. Annars ville de inte g\u00e5 till sin \"groda\".
\nExempel p\u00e5 inst\u00e4llningar f\u00f6r subnet<\/b><\/p>\n
\nsubnet 10.1.1.0 netmask 255.255.255.0 {\n        option routers 10.1.1.1;\n        pool {\n                deny members of "cisco";\n                deny members of "panasonic";\n                deny members of "dlink";\n                range 10.1.1.230 10.1.1.240;\n        }\n        pool {\n                allow members of "cisco";\n                range 10.1.1.65 10.1.1.69;\n        }\n        pool {\n                allow members of "panasonic";\n                range 10.1.1.60 10.1.1.64;\n        }\n        pool {\n                allow members of "dlink";\n                range 10.1.1.55 10.1.1.59;\n        }\n}\n<\/pre>\n
Efter omstart av alla ber\u00f6rda tj\u00e4nster riktades telefonerna s\u00e4kert mot den tilldelade tftp-servern f\u00f6r inst\u00e4llningar. Det \u00e5terstod bara att placera dem d\u00e4r.<\/p>\n
Cisco 7906<\/h4>\n
\n\u042d\u0442\u0438 \u0430\u043f\u043f\u0430\u0440\u0430\u0442\u044b \u0434\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0430\u043b\u0438\u0441\u044c \u043c\u043d\u0435 \u0432 \u0437\u0430\u0432\u043e\u0434\u0441\u043a\u043e\u0439 \u0443\u043f\u0430\u043a\u043e\u0432\u043a\u0435. \u041f\u0440\u0438\u0448\u043b\u043e\u0441\u044c \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0448\u0438\u0432\u0430\u0442\u044c, \u0447\u0442\u043e\u0431\u044b \u043f\u043e\u0434\u0440\u0443\u0436\u0438\u0442\u044c \u0441 asterisk’\u043e\u043c. \u041d\u043e \u044d\u0442\u043e \u043e\u0442\u0434\u0435\u043b\u044c\u043d\u0430\u044f \u0438\u0441\u0442\u043e\u0440\u0438\u044f. \u0412 \u043a\u043e\u043d\u043a\u0440\u0435\u0442\u043d\u043e\u043c \u0441\u043b\u0443\u0447\u0430\u0435 \u0434\u043b\u044f \u043d\u0430\u0441\u0442\u0440\u043e\u0439\u043a\u0438 \u0430\u043f\u043f\u0430\u0440\u0430\u0442\u0430 \u044f, \u0441\u043e\u0433\u043b\u0430\u0441\u043d\u043e \u0438\u043d\u0441\u0442\u0440\u0443\u043a\u0446\u0438\u0438, \u0441\u043e\u0437\u0434\u0430\u043b \u0432 \u043a\u043e\u0440\u043d\u0435 tftp-\u0441\u0435\u0440\u0432\u0435\u0440\u0430 \u0444\u0430\u0439\u043b SEPAABBCCDDEEFF.cnf.xml. \u0413\u0434\u0435 AABBCCDDEEFF \u2014 MAC-\u0430\u0434\u0440\u0435\u0441 \u0430\u043f\u043f\u0430\u0440\u0430\u0442\u0430.<\/p>\n
Det har redan skrivits mycket om inst\u00e4llningar f\u00f6r Cisco-telefoner, s\u00e5 jag kommer bara att l\u00e4mna en fungerande fil med inst\u00e4llningar.
\nInst\u00e4llningar f\u00f6r cisco<\/b><\/p>\n
\n<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>\n <device xsi_type="axl:XIPPhone" ctiid="94">\n<fullConfig>true<\/fullConfig>\n <deviceProtocol>SIP<\/deviceProtocol>\n <sshUserId>root<\/sshUserId>\n <sshPassword>ADMIN_PWD<\/sshPassword>\n<devicePool>\n <dateTimeSetting>\n <dateTemplate>D-M-Y<\/dateTemplate>\n <timeZone>Central Pacific Standard Time<\/timeZone>\n     <ntps>\n         <ntp>\n             <name>10.1.1.4<\/name>\n              <ntpMode>Unicast<\/ntpMode>\n          <\/ntp>\n     <\/ntps>\n <\/dateTimeSetting>\n<callManagerGroup>\n <members> <member priority="0"> <callManager>\n <name>10.1.1.50<\/name>\n <ports>\n <ethernetPhonePort>2000<\/ethernetPhonePort>\n <sipPort>5060<\/sipPort>\n <securedSipPort>5061<\/securedSipPort>\n <\/ports>\n <processNodeName>10.1.1.50<\/processNodeName>\n <\/callManager> <\/member> <\/members>\n <\/callManagerGroup>\n<srstInfo>\n <srstOption>Disable<\/srstOption>\n<\/srstInfo>\n\n<connectionMonitorDuration>120<\/connectionMonitorDuration>\n <\/devicePool>\n<sipProfile>\n <sipCallFeatures>\n <cnfJoinEnabled>true<\/cnfJoinEnabled>\n <callForwardURI>x-cisco-serviceuri-cfwdall<\/callForwardURI>\n <callPickupURI>x-cisco-serviceuri-pickup<\/callPickupURI>\n <callPickupListURI>x-cisco-serviceuri-opickup<\/callPickupListURI>\n <callPickupGroupURI>x-cisco-serviceuri-gpickup<\/callPickupGroupURI>\n <meetMeServiceURI>x-cisco-serviceuri-meetme<\/meetMeServiceURI>\n <abbreviatedDialURI>x-cisco-serviceuri-abbrdial<\/abbreviatedDialURI>\n <rfc2543Hold>false<\/rfc2543Hold>\n <callHoldRingback>2<\/callHoldRingback>\n <localCfwdEnable>true<\/localCfwdEnable>\n <semiAttendedTransfer>true<\/semiAttendedTransfer>\n <anonymousCallBlock>2<\/anonymousCallBlock>\n <callerIdBlocking>2<\/callerIdBlocking>\n <dndControl>0<\/dndControl>\n <remoteCcEnable>true<\/remoteCcEnable>\n <retainForwardInformation>false<\/retainForwardInformation>\n <\/sipCallFeatures>\n <sipStack>\n <sipInviteRetx>6<\/sipInviteRetx>\n <sipRetx>10<\/sipRetx>\n <timerInviteExpires>180<\/timerInviteExpires>\n <timerRegisterExpires>3600<\/timerRegisterExpires>\n <timerRegisterDelta>5<\/timerRegisterDelta>\n <timerKeepAliveExpires>120<\/timerKeepAliveExpires>\n <timerSubscribeExpires>120<\/timerSubscribeExpires>\n <timerSubscribeDelta>5<\/timerSubscribeDelta>\n <timerT1>500<\/timerT1>\n <timerT2>4000<\/timerT2>\n <maxRedirects>70<\/maxRedirects>\n <remotePartyID>true<\/remotePartyID>\n <userInfo>None<\/userInfo>\n <\/sipStack>\n<autoAnswerTimer>1<\/autoAnswerTimer>\n <autoAnswerAltBehavior>false<\/autoAnswerAltBehavior>\n <autoAnswerOverride>true<\/autoAnswerOverride>\n <transferOnhookEnabled>false<\/transferOnhookEnabled>\n <enableVad>false<\/enableVad>\n <preferredCodec>none<\/preferredCodec>\n <dtmfAvtPayload>101<\/dtmfAvtPayload>\n <dtmfDbLevel>3<\/dtmfDbLevel>\n<dtmfOutofBand>avt<\/dtmfOutofBand>\n <kpml>3<\/kpml>\n <alwaysUsePrimeLine>false<\/alwaysUsePrimeLine>\n <alwaysUsePrimeLineVoiceMail>false<\/alwaysUsePrimeLineVoiceMail>\n <phoneLabel>Cisco Phone<\/phoneLabel>\n <stutterMsgWaiting>2<\/stutterMsgWaiting>\n <callStats>false<\/callStats>\n <offhookToFirstDigitTimer>15000<\/offhookToFirstDigitTimer>\n<silentPeriodBetweenCallWaitingBursts>10<\/silentPeriodBetweenCallWaitingBursts>\n <disableLocalSpeedDialConfig>true<\/disableLocalSpeedDialConfig>\n <poundEndOfDial>false<\/poundEndOfDial>\n <startMediaPort>16384<\/startMediaPort>\n <stopMediaPort>32766<\/stopMediaPort>\n<sipLines>\n <line button="1" lineIndex="1">\n <featureID>9<\/featureID>\n <proxy>10.1.1.50<\/proxy>\n <port>5060<\/port>\n <autoAnswer> <autoAnswerEnabled>2<\/autoAnswerEnabled> <\/autoAnswer>\n <callWaiting>3<\/callWaiting>\n <sharedLine>false<\/sharedLine>\n <messageWaitingLampPolicy>3<\/messageWaitingLampPolicy>\n <messagesNumber><\/messagesNumber>\n <ringSettingIdle>4<\/ringSettingIdle>\n <ringSettingActive>5<\/ringSettingActive>\n <forwardCallInfoDisplay>\n <callerName>true<\/callerName>\n <callerNumber>true<\/callerNumber>\n <redirectedNumber>false<\/redirectedNumber>\n <dialedNumber>true<\/dialedNumber>\n <\/forwardCallInfoDisplay>\n<featureLabel><\/featureLabel>\n <displayName>User #103<\/displayName>\n <name>103<\/name>\n <authName>103<\/authName>\n <authPassword>SIP_PWD<\/authPassword>\n <\/line>\n <\/sipLines>\n<externalNumberMask>$num<\/externalNumberMask>\n<voipControlPort>5060<\/voipControlPort>\n <dscpForAudio>184<\/dscpForAudio>\n <ringSettingBusyStationPolicy>0<\/ringSettingBusyStationPolicy>\n <dialTemplate>dialplan.xml<\/dialTemplate>\n <\/sipProfile>\n<commonProfile>\n <phonePassword>*0#<\/phonePassword>\n <backgroundImageAccess>true<\/backgroundImageAccess>\n <callLogBlfEnabled>2<\/callLogBlfEnabled>\n <\/commonProfile>\n<loadInformation><\/loadInformation>\n<vendorConfig>\n <disableSpeaker>false<\/disableSpeaker>\n <disableSpeakerAndHeadset>false<\/disableSpeakerAndHeadset>\n <forwardingDelay>1<\/forwardingDelay>\n <pcPort>0<\/pcPort>\n <settingsAccess>1<\/settingsAccess>\n <garp>0<\/garp>\n <voiceVlanAccess>0<\/voiceVlanAccess>\n <videoCapability>0<\/videoCapability>\n <autoSelectLineEnable>1<\/autoSelectLineEnable>\n <webAccess>0<\/webAccess>\n <daysDisplayNotActive>1,7<\/daysDisplayNotActive>\n <displayOnTime>09:00<\/displayOnTime>\n <displayOnDuration>12:00<\/displayOnDuration>\n <displayIdleTimeout>01:00<\/displayIdleTimeout>\n <spanToPCPort>1<\/spanToPCPort>\n <loggingDisplay>2<\/loggingDisplay>\n <loadServer>10.1.1.50<\/loadServer>\n <recordingTone>0<\/recordingTone>\n <recordingToneLocalVolume>100<\/recordingToneLocalVolume>\n <recordingToneRemoteVolume>50<\/recordingToneRemoteVolume>\n <recordingToneDuration><\/recordingToneDuration>\n <displayOnWhenIncomingCall>0<\/displayOnWhenIncomingCall>\n <rtcp>0<\/rtcp>\n <moreKeyReversionTimer>5<\/moreKeyReversionTimer>\n <autoCallSelect>1<\/autoCallSelect>\n <logServer>10.1.1.50<\/logServer>\n <g722CodecSupport>0<\/g722CodecSupport>\n <headsetWidebandUIControl>0<\/headsetWidebandUIControl>\n <handsetWidebandUIControl>0<\/handsetWidebandUIControl>\n <headsetWidebandEnable>0<\/headsetWidebandEnable>\n <handsetWidebandEnable>0<\/handsetWidebandEnable>\n <peerFirmwareSharing>0<\/peerFirmwareSharing>\n <enableCdpSwPort>1<\/enableCdpSwPort>\n <enableCdpPcPort>1<\/enableCdpPcPort>\n <\/vendorConfig>\n<versionStamp>1143565489-a3cbf294-7526-4c29-8791-c4fce4ce4c37<\/versionStamp>\n<userLocale>\n <name>Russian_Russian_Federation<\/name>\n <langCode>ru_RU<\/langCode>\n <version><\/version>\n <winCharSet>utf-8<\/winCharSet>\n <\/userLocale>\n<networkLocale><\/networkLocale>\n <networkLocaleInfo>\n <name><\/name>\n <version><\/version>\n <\/networkLocaleInfo>\n<deviceSecurityMode>1<\/deviceSecurityMode>\n <idleTimeout>0<\/idleTimeout>\n <authenticationURL><\/authenticationURL>\n <directoryURL>http:\/\/10.1.1.50\/provisioning\/cisco-services.xml<\/directoryURL>\n <idleURL><\/idleURL>\n <informationURL><\/informationURL>\n <messagesURL><\/messagesURL>\n <proxyServerURL><\/proxyServerURL>\n <servicesURL>http:\/\/10.1.1.50\/provisioning\/cisco-services.xml<\/servicesURL>\n <dscpForSCCPPhoneConfig>96<\/dscpForSCCPPhoneConfig>\n <dscpForSCCPPhoneServices>0<\/dscpForSCCPPhoneServices>\n <dscpForCm2Dvce>96<\/dscpForCm2Dvce>\n <transportLayerProtocol>2<\/transportLayerProtocol>\n <singleButtonBarge>0<\/singleButtonBarge>\n <capfAuthMode>0<\/capfAuthMode>\n <capfList><capf>\n <phonePort>3804<\/phonePort>\n <!-- <processNodeName>10.1.1.50<\/processNodeName> -->\n <\/capf> <\/capfList>\n<certHash><\/certHash>\n <encrConfig>false<\/encrConfig>\n <advertiseG722Codec>1<\/advertiseG722Codec>\n<\/device>\n<\/pre>\n
<\/p>\n
D-Link DPH-150S\/F3<\/h4>\n
\nOm du just nu planerar att k\u00f6pa en telefon i den h\u00e4r serien, var uppm\u00e4rksam p\u00e5 att automatisk konfiguration endast st\u00f6ds i apparaterna 150S\/F3. Jag har inte uppt\u00e4ckt den funktionen i apparaten 150S\/F2 som kom i min hand.<\/p>\n
Konfigurationsfilen kan vara antingen i xml-format eller i vanlig text. F\u00f6r xml finns ett krav: taggen m\u00e5ste vara i b\u00f6rjan av raden, annars kommer parsern att ignorera den och v\u00e4rdet f\u00f6r motsvarande parameter \u00e4ndras inte.<\/p>\n
Tv\u00e5 filer anv\u00e4nds f\u00f6r att konfigurera telefonen. f0D00580000.cfg \u2014 f\u00f6r att lagra inst\u00e4llningarna f\u00f6r alla telefoner och 00112233aabb.cfg (MAC-adressen i sm\u00e5 bokst\u00e4ver) f\u00f6r individuella inst\u00e4llningar. Individuella inst\u00e4llningar har naturligtvis h\u00f6gre prioritet.<\/p>\n
Det finns \u00f6ver tusen rader av inst\u00e4llningar, f\u00f6r att inte \u00f6verbelasta artikeln, kommer jag att beskriva det minimala n\u00f6dv\u00e4ndiga setet av inst\u00e4llningar. <\/p>\n
Obligatoriska \u00e4r rot-noden VOIP_CONFIG_FILE<\/b> och den inb\u00e4ddade noden version<\/b>. Inst\u00e4llningarna kommer endast att till\u00e4mpas om versionen av filen \u00e4r h\u00f6gre \u00e4n de aktuella inst\u00e4llningarna i apparaten. Detta v\u00e4rde kan kontrolleras via telefonens webbgr\u00e4nssnitt i avsnittet underh\u00e5ll (systemhantering). F\u00f6r telefoner med fabriksinst\u00e4llningar \u00e4r detta i b\u00e5da fallen 2.0002. Dessutom m\u00e5ste versionen av den individuella filen vara h\u00f6gre \u00e4n versionen av den gemensamma filen.<\/p>\n
F\u00f6rst presenterar jag filen med den allm\u00e4nna konfigurationen f\u00f6r alla telefoner. I princip lagrar den alla inst\u00e4llningar, den individuella filen kommer endast att ansvara f\u00f6r telefonnumret och texten p\u00e5 sk\u00e4rmen. <\/p>\n
I de tv\u00e5 blocken som anges nedan st\u00e4lls parametrarna f\u00f6r tidszon och tidsynkronisering in, den initiala porten f\u00f6r RTP st\u00e4lls in och n\u00e4tverksbron mellan WAN- och LAN-portarna p\u00e5 apparaten aktiveras.<\/p>\n
Fragment nr 1<\/b><\/p>\n
\nDHCP\n2\n1\n1\n0\nVOIP\n10000\n200\n10.1.1.4\n1\n
\n5060\n\n\nSIP1\n10.1.1.50\n5060\n3600\n1\n10.1.1.50\n1\n0\nG711A,G711U,G722\n<\/pre>\n
Settings for remote management<\/b><\/p>\n
\n23\n80\n0\n443\n1\n0\n\n\n\nItem1\n10.1.1.152\n10.1.1.160\n\n\n\n\nAccount1\nadmin\nADMIN_PWD\n10\n\n\nAccount2\nguest\nGUEST_PWD\n5\n<\/pre>\n
Phone settings<\/b><\/p>\n
\n123<\/menu>\n123\n\n0\n112\nCompany\n5\n1\n30\n0\n