{"id":33472,"date":"2019-10-31T21:52:45","date_gmt":"2019-10-31T18:52:45","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/blog\/chto-takoe-tsifrovaya-transformatsiya-i-tsifrovye-aktivy\/"},"modified":"2019-10-31T21:52:45","modified_gmt":"2019-10-31T18:52:45","slug":"chto-takoe-tsifrovaya-transformatsiya-i-tsifrovye-aktivy","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/sv\/blog\/news\/chto-takoe-tsifrovaya-transformatsiya-i-tsifrovye-aktivy","title":{"rendered":"Vad \u00e4r \"digital transformation\" och \"digitala tillg\u00e5ngar\"?","gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"text"}]},"content":{"rendered":"

I dag vill jag prata om vad \"digitalt\" \u00e4r. Digital transformation, digitala tillg\u00e5ngar, digital produkt... Dessa ord h\u00f6rs \u00f6verallt nu. I Ryssland lanseras landsprogram och till och med ministerier omformuleras, men n\u00e4r man l\u00e4ser artiklar och rapporter snubblar man st\u00e4ndigt \u00f6ver allm\u00e4nna fraser och otydliga definitioner. Nyligen var jag p\u00e5 ett \"h\u00f6gniv\u00e5\"-m\u00f6te d\u00e4r representanter fr\u00e5n ett respekterat institut som utbildar personal inom informations- och kommunikationsteknik, svarade p\u00e5 fr\u00e5gan \"Vad \u00e4r skillnaden mellan digitalisering och digital transformation?\" med att \"det \u00e4r samma sak - bara digitalisering \u00e4r ett trendigt ord\".<\/p>\n

Jag tycker det \u00e4r dags att reda ut detta.<\/a><\/noindex><\/p>\n

Om du f\u00f6rs\u00f6ker hitta tydliga definitioner n\u00e5gonstans, s\u00e5 finns de inte. Oftast utg\u00e5r man ifr\u00e5n teknologier (d\u00e4r man implementerar big data, artificiell intelligens och s\u00e5 vidare - d\u00e4r sker digital transformation). Ibland s\u00e4tts m\u00e4nniskans deltagande i fokus (om robotar ers\u00e4tter m\u00e4nniskor, \u00e4r det digitalisering). <\/p>\n

Jag har en annan ansats. Jag f\u00f6resl\u00e5r att vi finner ett kriterium som kan hj\u00e4lpa oss att s\u00e4rskilja \"digitalt\" fr\u00e5n \"fysiskt\". Genom att finna kriteriet kommer vi att n\u00e5 en enkel och tydlig definition.<\/p>\n

F\u00f6r att inte bli omodern b\u00f6r detta kriterium inte relatera till teknologier (de dyker upp som svampar efter regn), eller m\u00e4nniskors deltagande i den tekniska processen (det har redan \"bearbetats\" av den teknologiska revolutionen).<\/p>\n

L\u00e5t oss fokusera p\u00e5 aff\u00e4rsmodellen och produkten. Med produkt menar jag n\u00e5got (en vara eller tj\u00e4nst) som b\u00e4r v\u00e4rde (till exempel, en t\u00e5rta, en bil eller en klippning p\u00e5 fris\u00f6rsalongen), medan aff\u00e4rsmodellen inneb\u00e4r en upps\u00e4ttning processer som syftar till att producera v\u00e4rde och leverera det till konsumenten.<\/p>\n

Historiskt sett var produkten \"fysisk\" (om du vill - kalla det \"analoga\", men f\u00f6r mig l\u00e5ter \"en limpa analogt br\u00f6d\" en smula pretanti\u00f6st). Det finns och kommer alltid att finnas massor av vanliga varor och tj\u00e4nster. Alla dessa f\u00f6renas av det faktum att f\u00f6r att producera varje exemplar av en s\u00e5dan produkt beh\u00f6ver resurser anv\u00e4ndas (som katten Matroskin sa, f\u00f6r att s\u00e4lja n\u00e5got on\u00f6digt, m\u00e5ste man k\u00f6pa n\u00e5got on\u00f6digt). F\u00f6r att g\u00f6ra en limpa br\u00f6d beh\u00f6vs mj\u00f6l och vatten; f\u00f6r att tillverka en bil beh\u00f6vs mycket mer; f\u00f6r att klippa n\u00e5gon m\u00e5ste man avs\u00e4tta tid. <\/p>\n

Varje g\u00e5ng, f\u00f6r varje exemplar.<\/p>\n

Det finns produkter vars produktionskostnad f\u00f6r varje nytt exemplar \u00e4r noll (eller str\u00e4var mot noll). Till exempel, du har spelat in en l\u00e5t, tagit ett foto, utvecklat en app f\u00f6r iPhone-Android och allt... Du s\u00e4ljer dem om och om igen, de tar inte slut p\u00e5 dig, och dessutom kostar varje nytt exemplar dig ingenting.<\/p>\n

Id\u00e9n \u00e4r inte ny. I v\u00e4rldshistorien finns det gott om exempel p\u00e5 produkter d\u00e4r produktionen av varje exemplar inte kostade n\u00e5got. Till exempel f\u00f6rs\u00e4ljning av tomter p\u00e5 m\u00e5nen eller n\u00e4rmare oss andelar i n\u00e5gon finansiell pyramid (till exempel M\u041cM-biljetter). Ofta handlade det om n\u00e5got olagligt (och jag pratar nu inte bara om strafflagen, utan om den d\u00e4r lagen om bevarande av 'energi-materia-liv-universum-och-allt-s\u00e5dant' som katten Matroskin n\u00e4mnde).<\/p>\n

Men med teknologiutvecklingen (framkomsten av datorer, datan\u00e4tverk och allt som h\u00e4rstammar fr\u00e5n dem \u2013 molnteknologier, artificiell intelligens, big data osv.) har en unik m\u00f6jlighet att kopiera produkter o\u00e4ndligt och gratis uppst\u00e5tt. N\u00e5gon uppfattade detta bokstavligt och kopierade bara pengar p\u00e5 en kopieringsmaskin (men det \u00e4r ocks\u00e5 olagligt), men att s\u00e4lja digitala musikaliska kompositioner p\u00e5 iTunes, digitala fotografier i fotobanker, appar p\u00e5 Google Play eller App Store \u2013 allt detta \u00e4r lagligt och ganska l\u00f6nsamt, eftersom varje nytt exemplar ger pengar och kostar inget. Det \u00e4r en digital produkt.<\/p>\n

En digital tillg\u00e5ng \u00e4r n\u00e5got som m\u00f6jligg\u00f6r produktion av en produkt (att reproducera en vara eller tillhandah\u00e5lla en tj\u00e4nst) d\u00e4r produktionskostnaden f\u00f6r varje n\u00e4sta exemplar str\u00e4var mot noll (till exempel din internetbutik, genom vilken du s\u00e4ljer n\u00e5got, eller databasen av sensorer fr\u00e5n en k\u00e4rnreaktor som m\u00f6jligg\u00f6r prognoser och experiment).<\/p>\n

Digital transformation \u00e4r \u00f6verg\u00e5ngen fr\u00e5n produktion av materiella produkter till produktion av digitala produkter, samt (och\/eller) \u00f6verg\u00e5ngen till aff\u00e4rsmodeller som anv\u00e4nder digitala tillg\u00e5ngar.<\/p>\n

Som du ser \u00e4r det enkelt. En s\u00e5dan transformation.
\n
K\u00e4lla: habr.com<\/a><\/p>","protected":false,"gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"html"}]},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

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