{"id":34122,"date":"2019-10-31T21:56:30","date_gmt":"2019-10-31T18:56:30","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/blog\/chto-eshhyo-slyshno-v-radioefire-radioveshhanie-na-kv-dxing\/"},"modified":"2019-10-31T21:56:30","modified_gmt":"2019-10-31T18:56:30","slug":"chto-eshhyo-slyshno-v-radioefire-radioveshhanie-na-kv-dxing","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/sv\/blog\/news\/chto-eshhyo-slyshno-v-radioefire-radioveshhanie-na-kv-dxing","title":{"rendered":"Vad h\u00f6rs mer p\u00e5 radios\u00e4ndningen? Radiouts\u00e4ndning p\u00e5 KV (DXing)","gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"text"}]},"content":{"rendered":"

\"Vad<\/p>\n

Denna publikation kompletterar cykeln av artiklar \"Vad h\u00f6rs i radio\" med \u00e4mnet om kortv\u00e5gsradio.<\/p>\n

Den massiva amat\u00f6rradio-r\u00f6relsen i v\u00e5rt land b\u00f6rjade med att montera de enklaste radiomottagarna f\u00f6r att lyssna p\u00e5 s\u00e4ndningar fr\u00e5n radiostationer. F\u00f6rsta konstruktionen av en detektormottagare publicerades i tidskriften \"Radioliebhaber\", nr 7, 1924. Massmediaradio i Sovjetunionen b\u00f6rjade 1922 p\u00e5 \"frekvensen tre tusen meter\" (frekvens 100 kHz, l\u00e5ngv\u00e5g) med en s\u00e4ndare p\u00e5 12 kW. radiostationen im. Komintern<\/a><\/noindex> (anropssignal RDW). Gradvis omfattades kortv\u00e5gsradio, och i slutet av 20-talet och b\u00f6rjan av 30-talet b\u00f6rjade s\u00e4ndningar p\u00e5 kortv\u00e5g utvecklas, \u00e4ven p\u00e5 utl\u00e4ndska spr\u00e5k (utlandss\u00e4ndningar<\/a><\/noindex>).
\n<\/a><\/noindex>
\nUtlandss\u00e4ndningar p\u00e5 kortv\u00e5g n\u00e5dde sin blomstring under \"kalla kriget\" som ett av de effektiva verktygen f\u00f6r ideologisk kamp och propaganda. Efter att \"j\u00e4rnrid\u00e5n\" f\u00f6ll har den ryskspr\u00e5kiga s\u00e4ndningen p\u00e5 kortv\u00e5g mestadels en nyhets-, kultur- och predikande karakter.<\/p>\n

Regleringen av internationell kortv\u00e5gsradio sk\u00f6ts av en icke-statlig, ideell f\u00f6rening HFCC<\/a><\/noindex>. Tv\u00e5 g\u00e5nger om \u00e5ret bekr\u00e4ftas f\u00f6rdelningen av frekvenser och s\u00e4ndningstid p\u00e5 HFCC:s konferenser. Databaser<\/a><\/noindex> tillg\u00e4ngliga f\u00f6r nedladdning fr\u00e5n webbplatsen. Den aktuella databasen har interaktiv \u00e5tkomst<\/a><\/noindex>. Sedan 31.03.2019 har sommarperioden A19 inletts. Vinters\u00e4songen B19 b\u00f6rjar 27.10.2019 och p\u00e5g\u00e5r till 29.03.2020.<\/p>\n

Lyssna p\u00e5 radio\u2026<\/h1>\n

\nI Perm \u00e4r utbudet av radioprogram att lyssna p\u00e5 inom kortv\u00e5gsomr\u00e5det inte stort. Under dagtid p\u00e5 alla kortv\u00e5gss\u00e4ndningsomr\u00e5den kan man ta emot h\u00f6gst tv\u00e5 till tre stationer, medan man p\u00e5 natten kan ta emot ett tiotal radiostationer p\u00e5 sommaren eller ett par dussin p\u00e5 vintern.<\/p>\n

F\u00f6r mottagning anv\u00e4nder jag ganska \"budgetv\u00e4nlig\" utrustning:<\/p>\n

1. Rundradiomottagare Tecsun PL-380.
\n2. Kommunikationsmottagare SoftRock Ensemble II RX och HDSDR v.2.70.<\/p>\n

\"Vad
\nP\u00e5 bilden ovan \u00e4r Tecsun PL-380 inst\u00e4lld p\u00e5 frekvensen 11875 kHz (25 m-bandet). S\u00e4ndningen g\u00f6rs p\u00e5 ryska. Temat f\u00f6r programmet: kinesisk kultur. Fr\u00e5n databasen HFCC i textformat f\u00e5r vi veta att detta \u00e4r Kinas internationella radio, s\u00e4ndaren ligger i Urumqi, s\u00e4ndarens effekt \u00e4r 500 W, antennen str\u00e5lar ut i azimut 308 grader.<\/p>\n

Inst\u00e4llning av SoftRock Ensemble II RX och HDSDR v.2.70 p\u00e5 frekvensen 11875 kHz:<\/p>\n

\"Vad
\nGenom att klicka p\u00e5 knappen FreqMgr g\u00e5r vi in i Frekvenshanteraren och hittar radiostationen i EiBi-databasen:<\/p>\n

\"Vad<\/p>\n

\u2026och f\u00f6rvandlar detta till en hobby, sport eller samling<\/h1>\n

\nEnligt HFCC inneh\u00e5ller deras databas information om 85 % av den internationella s\u00e4ndningen p\u00e5 kortv\u00e5g, medan de \u00e5terst\u00e5ende 15 % omfattar lokal s\u00e4ndning i l\u00e4nder i Afrika och Latinamerika som inte kr\u00e4ver internationell reglering. Detta \u00e4r inte alltid tillfredsst\u00e4llande f\u00f6r radiolyssnare, vilket g\u00f6r att de ger ut sina egna, utvidgade databaser. Databasen EiBi<\/a><\/noindex> \u00e4r en av dem. <\/p>\n

Mottagning av signaler fr\u00e5n s\u00e4ndande radiostationer kallas DXing<\/a><\/noindex>. K\u00e4rnan i fenomenet<\/b>: radiolyssnaren skickar en rapport till radiostationen om den mottagna s\u00e4ndningen, och radiostationens administration skickar en bekr\u00e4ftelsepostkort (QSL) som svar p\u00e5 att radiolyssnaren mottagit signalen fr\u00e5n den radiostationen. Ett exempel p\u00e5 en QSL-kort kan ses h\u00e4r<\/a><\/noindex>.<\/p>\n

S\u00e4ndningsredaktionerna betraktar rapporter som en viktig del av feedbacken. Till exempel, f\u00f6r flera \u00e5r sedan i en intervju med redakt\u00f6ren f\u00f6r den ryska s\u00e4ndningen av Taiwan International Radio<\/a><\/noindex> fick jag veta att de under de f\u00f6rsta tv\u00e5 veckorna av s\u00e4ndning p\u00e5 ryska hade k\u00e4nslan av att \"kommunicera med ett tomrum\", tills de fick en rapport fr\u00e5n en radioentusiast i Ryssland. Sedan dess f\u00f6rs\u00f6ker redaktionen f\u00f6r den ryska s\u00e4ndningen av RTI att skicka QSL till alla som skrivit in.<\/p>\n

\"Tillskottstr\u00f6skeln\" i DXing \u00e4r l\u00e5g: det r\u00e4cker med att ha en s\u00e4ndarmottagare. Entusiaster kommunicerar p\u00e5 forum och konferenser d\u00e4r de utbyter information om mottagna radiostationer, adresser till QSL-kontor och s\u00e4ndningsannonser. Dessutom ger entusiaster regelbundet ut tematiska handb\u00f6cker och nyhetsbrev. Ett exempel p\u00e5 en DX-klubb \u00e4r Novosibirski DX-webbplats<\/a><\/noindex>.<\/p>\n

Sammanfattning<\/h4>\n

\nMottagning av s\u00e4ndningar fr\u00e5n radiostationer har varit och f\u00f6rblir ett viktigt omr\u00e5de inom radioentusiastverksamheten. I den moderna v\u00e4rlden tj\u00e4nar utl\u00e4ndska s\u00e4ndningar p\u00e5 kortv\u00e5g inte s\u00e5 mycket ideologin som syftet med dialog mellan kulturer.<\/p>\n

Intresset f\u00f6r mottagning av s\u00e4ndningar fr\u00e5n s\u00e4ndande stationer kr\u00e4ver inga betydande ekonomiska investeringar, licenser eller kvalifikationsbekr\u00e4ftelse.<\/p>\n

F\u00f6rfattaren av artikeln \u00e4r inte en DXing-entusiast, men st\u00f6djer aktivt allt som fr\u00e4mjar n\u00e4rhet mellan m\u00e4nniskor och bidrar till dialog mellan dem.
\n
K\u00e4lla: habr.com<\/a><\/p>","protected":false,"gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"html"}]},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

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