{"id":34823,"date":"2019-10-31T22:00:35","date_gmt":"2019-10-31T19:00:35","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/blog\/ispolzovanie-sluchajnogo-orakula-na-primere-loterei\/"},"modified":"2019-10-31T22:00:35","modified_gmt":"2019-10-31T19:00:35","slug":"ispolzovanie-sluchajnogo-orakula-na-primere-loterei","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/sv\/blog\/administrirovanie\/ispolzovanie-sluchajnogo-orakula-na-primere-loterei","title":{"rendered":"Anv\u00e4ndning av en slumpm\u00e4ssig oracle med exemplet lotteri","gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"text"}]},"content":{"rendered":"

En morgon snubblade jag \u00f6ver en artikel om en kontrollerad slumptalsgenerator<\/a><\/noindex> p\u00e5 Waves plattform. <\/p>\n

Den \u00f6vergripande bilden var klar, men den specifika implementeringen \u2013 inte. N\u00e5gra koder, signaturer, vad, vart, varf\u00f6r?<\/p>\n

Efter flera konsultationer med f\u00f6rfattaren till oraklet lyckades jag f\u00f6rena logiken f\u00f6r utlottningen (implementerad i PHP) med algoritmen f\u00f6r att f\u00e5 ett slumptal.
\n<\/a><\/noindex><\/p>\n

    \n
  1. Vid starten av turneringen\/rundan beg\u00e4r vi fr\u00e5n oraklet den f\u00f6rsta delen av koden (R-code).\n

    Vid detta \u00f6gonblick finns det ingen information om antalet spelare, antalet prisplatser, storleken p\u00e5 prispengarna eller ens existensen av lotteriet. Oraklet utf\u00e4rdar genom transaktionen en personlig slumptalskod som kan anv\u00e4ndas endast en g\u00e5ng och endast av den som beg\u00e4rt den. F\u00f6rresten, R-code kan \"k\u00f6pas\" (det handlar om kostnaden f\u00f6r transaktionsbeg\u00e4ran + ers\u00e4ttning till oraklet f\u00f6r den svarande transaktionen, summan \u00e4r cirka $0.015 enligt aktuell kurs, sj\u00e4lva koden ges gratis) i f\u00f6rv\u00e4g, s\u00e5 att man slipper v\u00e4nta p\u00e5 att f\u00e5 svarstransaktionen. Jag skapade en liten buffer i databasen som regelbundet fylls p\u00e5.<\/li>\n

  2. Turneringen p\u00e5g\u00e5r normalt i 60 block av Waves plattformens blockchain, vilket f\u00f6r n\u00e4rvarande motsvarar ungef\u00e4r 1 timme. Turneringen anses ha \u00e4gt rum och st\u00e4ngts om det finns minst tv\u00e5 biljetter efter 60 block, annars f\u00f6rl\u00e4ngs turneringens aktiva tid med ytterligare 60 block.<\/li>\n
  3. Omedelbart efter st\u00e4ngningen av turneringen skapar och skickar vi en datatransaktion (f\u00f6r vilken vi ocks\u00e5 betalar en avgift p\u00e5 cirka $0.005), om n\u00f6dv\u00e4ndigt \u2013 flera, d\u00e4r alla villkor f\u00f6r utlottningen och den ordnade listan \u00f6ver spelare (biljetter) som vi beh\u00f6ver v\u00e4lja vinnare ifr\u00e5n \u00e4r dokumenterade.<\/li>\n
  4. I detta skede har vi redan den f\u00f6rsta delen av koden (R-code) plus ID f\u00f6r datatransaktionen (TXID). Vi skickar dem f\u00f6r signering till oraklet i form av en konkatenering (R-code + TXID), igen betalar vi avgiften och ers\u00e4ttningen. Oraklet kontrollerar de mottagna uppgifterna f\u00f6r unikhet och \u00e4garskap och skickar tillbaka den andra delen av koden (S-code) i sha256-format, som utg\u00f6r startpunkten f\u00f6r slumptalsgeneratorn.<\/li>\n
  5. F\u00f6r att f\u00e5 ett slumpm\u00e4ssigt nummer som anger den ordningsf\u00f6ljd som vinner biljetten, konverterar vi S-koden fr\u00e5n bin\u00e4r data i sha256 till hexadecimalt (HEX) format. D\u00e4refter h\u00e4mtar vi ett nummer fr\u00e5n den resulterande HEX-str\u00e4ngen. Vi ber\u00e4knar resten av divisionen av det erh\u00e5llna numret med antalet biljetter (all_tickets) och l\u00e4gger till 1 (f\u00f6r att f\u00e5 ett nummer fr\u00e5n 1 till all_tickets). Slutresultatet blir vinnarbiljettens ordningsnummer.<\/li>\n
  6. Om det i lotteriets regler finns flera vinnare, upprepar vi tidigare operationer lika m\u00e5nga g\u00e5nger som det finns prispengar. Varje g\u00e5ng tar vi bort den biljett som redan har vunnit och minskar all_tickets med 1, och ist\u00e4llet f\u00f6r S-kod anger vi det tidigare erh\u00e5llna numret.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

    \nL\u00e5t oss g\u00e5 igenom ett konkret exempel, turnering nr 119:<\/p>\n

    Totalt 7 biljetter (all_tickets)
    \nBiljettpriset \u00e4r 50 mynt (Bet)
    \nSpelavgift 10% (Fee)<\/p>\n

    Enligt lotteriets villkor g\u00e5r 30% till priser, dvs. i detta fall ska 2 biljetter f\u00e5 pris, vars storlek ber\u00e4knas enligt formeln (Bet*all_tickets-Fee)\/2.<\/p>\n

    1. Vi fick R-koden: RdbAiAhKhveAtR4eyTKq75noMxdcEoxbE6BvojJjM13VE<\/a><\/noindex><\/p>\n

    2. Efter avslutningen av turneringen har vi en lista \u00f6ver biljetter i form av par: nummer + adress (adressen fr\u00e5n pl\u00e5nboken som anv\u00e4ndes f\u00f6r att betala f\u00f6r deltagandet i turneringen). Observera att adresser kan upprepas, vilket inneb\u00e4r att en deltagare har k\u00f6pt flera biljetter till samma turnering, n\u00e5got som inte strider mot reglerna.<\/p>\n

    Vi skickade transaktionsdatumet: 82JTMzhHM5xEA2fQ9Qscd5QAJU3DAd8nShLjdVHTer5S<\/a><\/noindex><\/p>\n

    3. Beg\u00e4rde S-koden: FTF3uRyaa4F2uAyD6z5a3CNbTXbQLc7fSR6CFNVjgZYV<\/a><\/noindex> med kommentar (R-kod + TXID):
    \nRdbAiAhKhveAtR4eyTKq75noMxdcEoxbE6BvojJjM13VE 82JTMzhHM5xEA2fQ9Qscd5QAJU3DAd8nShLjdVHTer5S<\/p>\n

    4. Vi fick S-koden: Ri89jHB4UXZDXY6gT1m4LBDXGMTaYzHozMk4nxiuqVXdC<\/a><\/noindex><\/p>\n

    5. Vi best\u00e4mde vinnarna.<\/p>\n

    6. Vi skickade utbetalningar<\/a><\/noindex><\/p>\n

    Som resultat har vi en steg-f\u00f6r-steg registrering av prisutdelningsproceduren i blockchain som kan verifieras n\u00e4r som helst. Att manipulera resultaten fr\u00e5n arrang\u00f6rens sida \u00e4r praktiskt taget om\u00f6jligt, \u00e5tminstone kan det inte g\u00f6ras obem\u00e4rkt.<\/p>\n

    best\u00e4m vinnaren nr 1\n\nAlla biljetter:\nIndex: 1 Biljett:139\nIndex: 2 Biljett:141\nIndex: 3 Biljett:143\nIndex: 4 Biljett:145\nIndex: 5 Biljett:147\nIndex: 6 Biljett:149\nIndex: 7 Biljett:151\n\n1. bin -> hex ( bin2hex(sha256(S-kod)) ): Ri89jHB4UXZDXY6gT1m4LBDXGMTaYzHozMk4nxiuqVXdC -> 0xdaf5802953dcb27f89972e38e8900b898733f6a613e6e1c6c5491362c1832596\n\n2. hex -> gmp nummer: 0xdaf5802953dcb27f89972e38e8900b898733f6a613e6e1c6c5491362c1832596 -> 99037963059744689166154019807924045947962565922868104113173478160267437352342\n\n3. gmp -> modulo (mod=7): 99037963059744689166154019807924045947962565922868104113173478160267437352342 -> 4\n\n4. modulo -> biljett: 4 -> 145\n\nbest\u00e4m vinnaren nr 2\n\nAlla biljetter:\n\nIndex: 1 Biljett:139\nIndex: 2 Biljett:141\nIndex: 3 Biljett:143\nIndex: 4 Biljett:147\nIndex: 5 Biljett:149\nIndex: 6 Biljett:151\n\n1. bin -> hex ( bin2hex(sha256(f\u00f6reg\u00e5ende hex)) ): daf5802953dcb27f89972e38e8900b898733f6a613e6e1c6c5491362c1832596 -> 0x9560e77525e9ea2db92cdb8484dc52046ccafac7c719b8859ff55f0eb92834a0\n2. hex -> gmp nummer: 0x9560e77525e9ea2db92cdb8484dc52046ccafac7c719b8859ff55f0eb92834a0 -> 67565829218838067182838043983962684143266386786567427968312120473742580659360\n3. gmp -> modulo (mod=6): 67565829218838067182838043983962684143266386786567427968312120473742580659360 -> 1\n4. modulo -> biljett: 1 -> 139\n\nSlut.<\/code><\/pre>\n
    K\u00e4lla: habr.com<\/a><\/p>","protected":false,"gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"html"}]},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
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