{"id":35721,"date":"2019-10-31T22:05:57","date_gmt":"2019-10-31T19:05:57","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/blog\/minimalnaya-ustanovka-centos-fedora-redhat\/"},"modified":"2019-10-31T22:05:57","modified_gmt":"2019-10-31T19:05:57","slug":"minimalnaya-ustanovka-centos-fedora-redhat","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/sv\/blog\/administrirovanie\/minimalnaya-ustanovka-centos-fedora-redhat","title":{"rendered":"Minimal installation av CentOS\/Fedora\/RedHat","gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"text"}]},"content":{"rendered":"

Jag tvekar inte p\u00e5 att de \u00e4dla administrat\u00f6rerna av Linux str\u00e4var efter att minimera m\u00e4ngden paket som installeras p\u00e5 servern. Det \u00e4r mer kostnadseffektivt, s\u00e4krare och ger administrat\u00f6ren en k\u00e4nsla av full kontroll och f\u00f6rst\u00e5else f\u00f6r de p\u00e5g\u00e5ende processerna.<\/p>\n

D\u00e4rf\u00f6r ser det typiska scenariot f\u00f6r en grundl\u00e4ggande installation av operativsystemet ut som ett val av den minimi-version som sedan fylls p\u00e5 med n\u00f6dv\u00e4ndiga paket.<\/p>\n

\"Minimal
\n
\nMen den minimala variant som installationsprogrammet CentOS erbjuder \u00e4r inte helt minimal. Det finns ett s\u00e4tt att minska storleken p\u00e5 den initiala installationen av systemet p\u00e5 ett standardiserat dokumenterat s\u00e4tt.
\n<\/a><\/noindex>
\nN\u00e4r man anv\u00e4nder operativsystemet CentOS uppt\u00e4cker man f\u00f6rr eller senare automatiseringen av installationen med hj\u00e4lp av Kickstart-mekanismen. Jag installerar sedan l\u00e4nge inte CentOS med det klassiska installationsprogrammet. Under min tid har jag samlat p\u00e5 mig en tillr\u00e4cklig arsenal av Kickstart-konfigurationsfiler som g\u00f6r att jag automatiskt kan installera system, inklusive p\u00e5 LVM, krypterade partitioner, med minimal GUI och s\u00e5 vidare.<\/p>\n

Och nu har, i n\u00e5got av releasedversionerna av den 7:e versionen, RedHat lagt till en fantastisk funktion i Kickstart som g\u00f6r det m\u00f6jligt att ytterligare minimera bilden av det installerade systemet:<\/p>\n

—nocore<\/b><\/p>\n

Inaktiverar installationen av den Core<\/a><\/noindex> paketgrupp som annars alltid installeras som standard. Att inaktivera den Core<\/a><\/noindex> paketgruppen b\u00f6r endast anv\u00e4ndas f\u00f6r att skapa l\u00e4tta containrar; installation av ett skrivbord eller serversystem med —nocore kommer att resultera i ett oanv\u00e4ndbart system.\n<\/p><\/blockquote>\n

RedHat varnar \u00e4rligt om de m\u00f6jliga konsekvenserna av att anv\u00e4nda detta alternativ, men \u00e5ren av anv\u00e4ndning i verkliga milj\u00f6er bekr\u00e4ftar dess stabilitet och till\u00e4mpbarhet.<\/p>\n

Nedan visas ett exempel p\u00e5 en Kickstart-fil f\u00f6r den mest minimala installationen. De modiga kan utesluta yum fr\u00e5n den. Var beredda p\u00e5 \u00f6verraskningar:<\/p>\n

installera\ntext\n\nurl --url=\"http:\/\/server\/centos\/7\/os\/x86_64\/\"\n\neula --agreed\nfirstboot --disable\n\nkeyboard --vckeymap=us --xlayouts='us'\nlang en_US.UTF-8\ntimezone Africa\/Abidjan\n\nauth --enableshadow --passalgo=sha512\nrootpw --plaintext ***\n\nignoredisk --only-use=sda\n\nzerombr\nbootloader --location=mbr\nclearpart --all --initlabel\n\npart \/boot\/efi --fstype=\"efi\" --size=100 --fsoptions=\"umask=0077,shortname=winnt\"\npart \/ --fstype=\"ext4\" --size=1 --grow\n\nnetwork --bootproto=dhcp --hostname=localhost --onboot=on --activate\n\n#reboot\npoweroff\n\n%packages --nocore --nobase --excludedocs\nyum\n\n%end\n\ndon com_redhat_kdump --disable\n\n%end\n\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
\nJag vill p\u00e5peka att CentOS\/RedHat \u00e4r mer f\u00f6rl\u00e5tande \u00e4n Fedora n\u00e4r det g\u00e4ller tolkningen av alternativet. Det senare avskalar systemet s\u00e5 mycket att en ominstallation med till\u00e4gg av livsviktiga verktyg kr\u00e4vs.<\/p>\n
Som ett bonus kommer h\u00e4r en \"formel\" f\u00f6r installation av den minimala grafiska milj\u00f6n i CentOS\/RedHat (version 7):<\/p>\n
yum -y groupinstall x11\nyum -y install gnome-classic-session\nsystemctl set-default graphical.target\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
\nB\u00e5de den minimala versionen av operativsystemet och den minimala grafiska milj\u00f6n har jag testat och de fungerar p\u00e5 riktiga system.
\n
K\u00e4lla: habr.com<\/a><\/p>","protected":false,"gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"html"}]},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
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