{"id":36837,"date":"2019-10-31T22:14:07","date_gmt":"2019-10-31T19:14:07","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/blog\/razmer-direktorij-ne-stoit-nashih-usilij\/"},"modified":"2019-10-31T22:14:07","modified_gmt":"2019-10-31T19:14:07","slug":"razmer-direktorij-ne-stoit-nashih-usilij","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/sv\/blog\/administrirovanie\/razmer-direktorij-ne-stoit-nashih-usilij","title":{"rendered":"Storleken p\u00e5 kataloger \u00e4r inte v\u00e4rt v\u00e5r insats","gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"text"}]},"content":{"rendered":"<p>Detta \u00e4r ett helt v\u00e4rdel\u00f6st, icke-anv\u00e4ndbart i praktisk till\u00e4mpning, men roligt litet inl\u00e4gg om kataloger i *nix-system.<br \/>\n<noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" name=\"habracut\"><\/a><\/noindex><br \/>\nP\u00e5 intervjuer dyker ofta tr\u00e5kiga fr\u00e5gor om inoder, allt-\u00e4r-filer, som f\u00e5 kan ge ett vettigt svar p\u00e5. Men om man gr\u00e4ver lite djupare kan man hitta intressanta saker. <\/p>\n<p>F\u00f6r att f\u00f6rst\u00e5 inl\u00e4gget n\u00e5gra punkter:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>allt \u00e4r en fil. en katalog \u00e4r ocks\u00e5 en fil <\/li>\n<li>i inoden lagras metadata om filen, men filnamnet lagras inte d\u00e4r <\/li>\n<li>filnamnet lagras i katalogens data <\/li>\n<li>katalogens storlek, den som visas i ls och som standard \u00e4r 4KB, beror p\u00e5 antalet filer i katalogen och l\u00e4ngden p\u00e5 deras namn <\/li>\n<li>det \u00e4r uppenbart att ju fler filer, desto st\u00f6rre blir katalogens storlek<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>\nOch nu till det intressanta: skapa en katalog med en miljon filer, kolla katalogens storlek och sedan ta bort alla filer och titta p\u00e5 katalogens storlek.<\/p>\n<pre><code class=\"bash\">$ mkdir niceDir &amp;&amp; cd niceDir\n# beroende p\u00e5 lagringsenhetens hastighet kan n\u00e4sta kommando ta 2-10 minuter\n$ for ((i=1;i&lt;133700;i++)); do touch long_long_looong_man_sakeru_$i ; done\n$ ls -lhd .\ndrwxr-xr-x 2 user user 8.1M 2 aug 13:37 .\n$ find . -type f -delete\n$ ls -l\ntotal 0\n$ ls -lhd .\ndrwxr-xr-x 2 user user 8.1M 2 aug  13:37 .<\/code><\/pre>\n<p>\nSom man kan se har katalogens storlek inte \u00e4ndrats, \u00e4ven om det verkar s\u00e5 \ud83d\ude42<\/p>\n<p>Att reparera katalogens storlek (utan att ta bort) kan endast g\u00f6ras med hj\u00e4lp av fsck (och alternativet -D) i avmonterat tillst\u00e5nd.<\/p>\n<p>Och n\u00e4r jag b\u00f6rjade leta efter varf\u00f6r det \u00e4r s\u00e5, visade det sig att detta beteende redan diskuterades f\u00f6r 10 \u00e5r sedan <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/lkml.org\/lkml\/2009\/5\/15\/146\">diskuterades<\/a><\/noindex> i lkml. Och enligt utvecklarna \u00e4r en l\u00f6sning inte v\u00e4rd den insatta anstr\u00e4ngningen.<br \/>\n<br \/>K\u00e4lla: <a content=\"nofollow\" rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/habr.com\/ru\/post\/462295\/\">habr.com<\/a><\/p>","protected":false,"gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"html"}]},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u042d\u0442\u043e \u0441\u043e\u0432\u0435\u0440\u0448\u0435\u043d\u043d\u043e \u0431\u0435\u0441\u043f\u043e\u043b\u0435\u0437\u043d\u044b\u0439, \u043d\u0435\u043d\u0443\u0436\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u0432 \u043f\u0440\u0430\u043a\u0442\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u043e\u043c \u043f\u0440\u0438\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0438, \u043d\u043e \u0437\u0430\u0431\u0430\u0432\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u043d\u0435\u0431\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0448\u043e\u0439 \u043f\u043e\u0441\u0442 \u043f\u0440\u043e \u0434\u0438\u0440\u0435\u043a\u0442\u043e\u0440\u0438\u0438 \u0432 *nix \u0441\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0435\u043c\u0430\u0445. \u041f\u044f\u0442\u043d\u0438\u0446\u0430 \u0436\u0435. \u041d\u0430 \u0441\u043e\u0431\u0435\u0441\u0435\u0434\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0438\u044f\u0445 \u0447\u0430\u0441\u0442\u043e \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0441\u043a\u0430\u043a\u0438\u0432\u0430\u044e\u0442 \u0441\u043a\u0443\u0447\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u0432\u043e\u043f\u0440\u043e\u0441\u044b \u043f\u0440\u043e \u0430\u0439\u043d\u043e\u0434\u044b, \u0432\u0441\u0451-\u0435\u0441\u0442\u044c-\u0444\u0430\u0439\u043b\u044b, \u043d\u0430 \u043a\u043e\u0442\u043e\u0440\u044b\u0435 \u043c\u0430\u043b\u043e \u043a\u0442\u043e \u043c\u043e\u0436\u0435\u0442 \u0432\u043c\u0435\u043d\u044f\u0435\u043c\u043e \u043e\u0442\u0432\u0435\u0442\u0438\u0442\u044c. \u041d\u043e \u0435\u0441\u043b\u0438 \u043a\u043e\u043f\u043d\u0443\u0442\u044c \u0447\u0443\u0442\u044c \u0433\u043b\u0443\u0431\u0436\u0435, \u043c\u043e\u0436\u043d\u043e \u043d\u0430\u0439\u0442\u0438 \u043b\u044e\u0431\u043e\u043f\u044b\u0442\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u0432\u0435\u0449\u0438. \u0414\u043b\u044f \u043f\u043e\u043d\u0438\u043c\u0430\u043d\u0438\u044f \u043f\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0430 \u043d\u0435\u043c\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0442\u0435\u0437\u0438\u0441\u043e\u0432: \u0432\u0441\u0451 \u0435\u0441\u0442\u044c \u0444\u0430\u0439\u043b. \u0434\u0438\u0440\u0435\u043a\u0442\u043e\u0440\u0438\u044f \u2014 \u044d\u0442\u043e \u0442\u043e\u0436\u0435 [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false,"gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"html"}]},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[688],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-36837","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-administrirovanie"],"aioseo_notices":[],"aioseo_head":"\n\t\t<!-- All in One SEO 5.0.4 - aioseo.com -->\n\t<meta name=\"description\" content=\"\u042d\u0442\u043e \u0441\u043e\u0432\u0435\u0440\u0448\u0435\u043d\u043d\u043e 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