{"id":38045,"date":"2019-10-31T22:21:21","date_gmt":"2019-10-31T19:21:21","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/blog\/sravnenie-proizvoditelnosti-setevogo-drajvera-v-variantah-na-10-yazykah-programmirovaniya\/"},"modified":"2019-10-31T22:21:21","modified_gmt":"2019-10-31T19:21:21","slug":"sravnenie-proizvoditelnosti-setevogo-drajvera-v-variantah-na-10-yazykah-programmirovaniya","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/sv\/blog\/news\/sravnenie-proizvoditelnosti-setevogo-drajvera-v-variantah-na-10-yazykah-programmirovaniya","title":{"rendered":"J\u00e4mf\u00f6relse av prestanda f\u00f6r n\u00e4tverksdrivrutinen i versioner p\u00e5 10 programmeringsspr\u00e5k","gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"text"}]},"content":{"rendered":"

En grupp forskare fr\u00e5n tyska universitet publicerade<\/a><\/noindex> resultat experimentet<\/a><\/noindex>, d\u00e4r det utvecklades 10 varianter av en typisk drivrutin f\u00f6r 10-gigabiters n\u00e4tverkskort fr\u00e5n Intel Ixgbe (X5xx) i olika programmeringsspr\u00e5k. Drivrutinen fungerar i anv\u00e4ndarrummet och \u00e4r implementerad i spr\u00e5ken C, Rust, Go, C#, Java, OCaml, Haskell, Swift, JavaScript och Python. Vid skrivandet av koden var fokus p\u00e5 att uppn\u00e5 maximal prestanda med h\u00e4nsyn till varje spr\u00e5ks egenskaper. Funktionaliteten \u00e4r i alla varianter identisk och best\u00e5r av cirka 1000 rader kod. Projektets resultat sprids<\/a><\/noindex> under BSD-licensen.<\/p>\n

Varianter av drivrutinen p\u00e5 spr\u00e5k som Rust visade sig vara mycket n\u00e4ra prestandan hos standarddrivrutinen i C. Vid belastning med samtidig \u00f6verf\u00f6ring av block med 32 paket var Rust-drivrutinen n\u00e5got efter, men i tester med mer \u00e4n 32 paket per block skilde den sig n\u00e4stan inte i hastighet fr\u00e5n drivrutinen i C och visade en prestanda p\u00e5 niv\u00e5 med 28 miljoner paket per sekund p\u00e5 en server med CPU Xeon E3-1230 v2 3,3 GHz.<\/p>\n

\"J\u00e4mf\u00f6relse<\/a><\/noindex><\/center><\/p>\n

Den n\u00e4sta niv\u00e5n av prestanda upptogs av drivrutinerna i Go och C#, som visade ganska n\u00e4ra resultat (drivrutinen i Go vann i tester med block som inkluderade upp till 16 paket, men f\u00f6rlorade n\u00e5got i tester med mer \u00e4n 16 paket per block). Vid 256 paket per block var den maximala prestandan hos drivrutinen i C# ungef\u00e4r 28 miljoner paket per sekund, medan drivrutinen i Go var cirka 25 miljoner paket per sekund. <\/p>\n

D\u00e4refter f\u00f6ljde drivrutinerna med ganska n\u00e4ra resultat p\u00e5
\nJava, OCaml och Haskell, som redan visade en m\u00e4rkbar nedg\u00e5ng j\u00e4mf\u00f6rt med de tidigare varianterna och inte kunde n\u00e5 gr\u00e4nsen p\u00e5 12 miljoner paket per sekund. \u00c4nnu st\u00f6rre nedg\u00e5ng visade drivrutinerna i Swift och JavaScript, som endast kunde hantera str\u00f6mmar p\u00e5 niv\u00e5 med 5 miljoner paket per sekund. <\/p>\n

P\u00e5 sista plats i rankningen kom drivrutinen p\u00e5 Python, som endast lyckades hantera 0,14 miljoner paket per sekund. Implementeringen i Python anv\u00e4ndes f\u00f6r att m\u00e4ta hastigheten p\u00e5 tolkar utan JIT och utan specifika optimeringar (koden k\u00f6rdes med CPython 3.7 och var inte kompatibel med PyPy, men det noteras att optimeringen av datalagringsstrukturer skulle kunna \u00f6ka prestandan med cirka 10 g\u00e5nger).<\/p>\n

\u0414\u043e\u043f\u043e\u043b\u043d\u0438\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e \u0431\u044b\u043b\u0438 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0435\u0434\u0435\u043d\u044b \u0442\u0435\u0441\u0442\u044b \u043d\u0430 \u0432\u0440\u0435\u043c\u044f \u0437\u0430\u0434\u0435\u0440\u0436\u043a\u0438, \u043a\u043e\u0442\u043e\u0440\u044b\u0435 \u043f\u043e\u043a\u0430\u0437\u044b\u0432\u0430\u043b\u0438 \u044d\u0444\u0444\u0435\u043a\u0442\u0438\u0432\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u044c \u0431\u0443\u0444\u0435\u0440\u0438\u0437\u0430\u0446\u0438\u0438 \u0438 \u0432\u043b\u0438\u044f\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u0441\u0431\u043e\u0440\u0449\u0438\u043a\u0430 \u043c\u0443\u0441\u043e\u0440\u0430. \u041f\u0440\u0438 \u0442\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0438\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0438 \u0438\u0437\u043c\u0435\u0440\u044f\u043b\u0430\u0441\u044c \u0437\u0430\u0434\u0435\u0440\u0436\u043a\u0430 \u043f\u043e\u0441\u043b\u0435 \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0435\u043d\u0430\u043f\u0440\u0430\u0432\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f \u043a\u0430\u0436\u0434\u043e\u0433\u043e \u043f\u0430\u043a\u0435\u0442\u0430 \u0434\u0440\u0430\u0439\u0432\u0435\u0440\u043e\u043c \u043f\u043e \u0441\u0440\u0430\u0432\u043d\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044e \u0441 \u0442\u043e\u0447\u043d\u043e \u0438\u0437\u0432\u0435\u0441\u0442\u043d\u044b\u043c \u0432\u0440\u0435\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0435\u043c \u043e\u0442\u043f\u0440\u0430\u0432\u043a\u0438. \u041b\u0438\u0434\u0435\u0440\u0430\u043c\u0438 \u043f\u043e-\u043f\u0440\u0435\u0436\u043d\u0435\u043c\u0443 \u0441\u0442\u0430\u043b\u0438 \u0434\u0440\u0430\u0439\u0432\u0435\u0440\u044b \u043d\u0430 \u0421\u0438 \u0438 Rust, \u0440\u0435\u0437\u0443\u043b\u044c\u0442\u0430\u0442\u044b \u043a\u043e\u0442\u043e\u0440\u044b\u0445 \u0431\u044b\u043b\u0438 \u043f\u0440\u0430\u043a\u0442\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u0438 \u043d\u0435\u043e\u0442\u043b\u0438\u0447\u0438\u043c\u044b \u0434\u043b\u044f \u043f\u043e\u0442\u043e\u043a\u0430 \u0432 1 \u043c\u043b\u043d \u043f\u0430\u043a\u0435\u0442\u043e\u0432 \u0432 \u0441\u0435\u043a\u0443\u043d\u0434\u0443 (\u043f\u0440\u0438\u043c\u0435\u0440\u043d\u043e 20 µs). \u0425\u043e\u0440\u043e\u0448\u043e \u043f\u0440\u043e\u044f\u0432\u0438\u043b \u0441\u0435\u0431\u044f \u0434\u0440\u0430\u0439\u0432\u0435\u0440 \u043d\u0430 \u044f\u0437\u044b\u043a\u0435 Go, \u043a\u043e\u0442\u043e\u0440\u044b\u0439 \u043b\u0438\u0448\u044c \u043d\u0435\u043c\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u043e\u0442\u0441\u0442\u0430\u043b \u043e\u0442 \u043b\u0438\u0434\u0435\u0440\u043e\u0432 \u0438 \u0442\u0430\u043a\u0436\u0435 \u0434\u0435\u0440\u0436\u0430\u043b\u0441\u044f \u043d\u0430 \u0443\u0440\u043e\u0432\u043d\u0435 20 µs. \u0414\u0440\u0430\u0439\u0432\u0435\u0440 \u043d\u0430 C# \u043f\u043e\u043a\u0430\u0437\u0430\u043b \u0437\u0430\u0434\u0435\u0440\u0436\u043a\u0438 \u043f\u0440\u0438\u043c\u0435\u0440\u043d\u043e \u0432 50 µs.
\n\u0421\u0430\u043c\u044b\u0435 \u0431\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0448\u0438\u0435 \u0437\u0430\u0434\u0435\u0440\u0436\u043a\u0438 \u043f\u043e\u043a\u0430\u0437\u0430\u043b\u0438 \u0434\u0440\u0430\u0439\u0432\u0435\u0440\u044b \u043d\u0430 JavaScript \u0438 Java (\u0437\u0430\u0434\u0435\u0440\u0436\u043a\u0438 \u0431\u043e\u043b\u0435\u0435 300 µs).<\/p>\n

\"J\u00e4mf\u00f6relse<\/a><\/noindex><\/center><\/p>\n

Studien genomf\u00f6rdes f\u00f6r att utv\u00e4rdera m\u00f6jligheten att utveckla drivrutiner och operativsystemkomponenter p\u00e5 h\u00f6gre programmeringsspr\u00e5k \u00e4n C. F\u00f6r n\u00e4rvarande st\u00e5r 39 av 40 problem med minne i Linux f\u00f6r drivrutiner, vilket g\u00f6r fr\u00e5gor om att anv\u00e4nda ett s\u00e4krare spr\u00e5k och flytta drivrutiner fr\u00e5n k\u00e4rnan till anv\u00e4ndarutrymme aktuella. och \u00e4r fortfarande aktuella.<\/a><\/noindex> Producenter experimenterar redan aktivt i denna riktning (till exempel har Google utvecklat en TCP-stack f\u00f6r OS Fuchsia<\/a><\/noindex> p\u00e5 Go, CloudFlare skapat<\/a><\/noindex> implementeringen av QUIC-protokollet p\u00e5 Rust, Apple har flyttat TCP-stacken p\u00e5 mobila enheter till anv\u00e4ndarutrymme).<\/p>\n

Genom det utf\u00f6rda arbetet har slutsatsen dragits att Rust \u00e4r den b\u00e4sta kandidaten f\u00f6r utveckling av drivrutiner. M\u00f6jligheterna som erbjuds i Rust g\u00f6r att man kan undanr\u00f6ja problem som uppst\u00e5r p\u00e5 grund av l\u00e5gniv\u00e5-minneshantering, med en prestandaf\u00f6rlust p\u00e5 cirka 2%-10% j\u00e4mf\u00f6rt med drivrutiner p\u00e5 C. Go och C# erk\u00e4nns ocks\u00e5 som l\u00e4mpliga f\u00f6r att skapa systemkomponenter i situationer d\u00e4r f\u00f6rdr\u00f6jningar p\u00e5 niv\u00e5er av br\u00e5kdelen av en millisekund, orsakade av skr\u00e4psamlaren, \u00e4r acceptabla.<\/p>\n

<\/a><\/noindex><\/p>\n

K\u00e4lla: opennet.ru<\/a><\/p>","protected":false,"gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"html"}]},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

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\u0434\u043b\u044f 10-\u0433\u0438\u0433\u0430\u0431\u0438\u0442\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u0441\u0435\u0442\u0435\u0432\u044b\u0445 \u043a\u0430\u0440\u0442 Intel Ixgbe (X5xx). \u0414\u0440\u0430\u0439\u0432\u0435\u0440 \u0440\u0430\u0431\u043e\u0442\u0430\u0435\u0442 \u0432 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0440\u0430\u043d\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0435 \u043f\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0437\u043e\u0432\u0430\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044f \u0438 \u0440\u0435\u0430\u043b\u0438\u0437\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d \u043d\u0430 \u044f\u0437\u044b\u043a\u0430\u0445 C, Rust, Go, C#, Java, OCaml, Haskell, Swift, JavaScript \u0438 Python. \u041f\u0440\u0438 \u043d\u0430\u043f\u0438\u0441\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0438 \u043a\u043e\u0434\u0430 \u043e\u0441\u043d\u043e\u0432\u043d\u043e\u0435 \u0432\u043d\u0438\u043c\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u0443\u0434\u0435\u043b\u044f\u043b\u043e\u0441\u044c \u0434\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0438\u0436\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044e […]<\/p>\n","protected":false,"gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"html"}]},"author":1,"featured_media":28556,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[702],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-38045","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-news"],"aioseo_notices":[],"aioseo_head":"\n\t\t\n\t\n\t\n\t\n\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\n","aioseo_head_json":{"title":"\ud83e\udd47J\u00e4mf\u00f6relse av prestanda hos n\u00e4tverksdrivrutiner i versioner p\u00e5 10 programmeringsspr\u00e5k | ProHoster","description":"En grupp forskare fr\u00e5n tyska universitet har publicerat 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