{"id":78802,"date":"2020-04-22T01:42:02","date_gmt":"2020-04-21T23:42:02","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/blog\/novosti-interneta\/vypusk-distributiva-nixos-20-03-ispolzuyushhego-paketnyj-menedzher-nix"},"modified":"2020-04-22T01:42:02","modified_gmt":"2020-04-21T23:42:02","slug":"vypusk-distributiva-nixos-20-03-ispolzuyushhego-paketnyj-menedzher-nix","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/sv\/blog\/news\/vypusk-distributiva-nixos-20-03-ispolzuyushhego-paketnyj-menedzher-nix","title":{"rendered":"Utg\u00e5van av NixOS 20.03, som anv\u00e4nder paketf\u00f6rvaltningssystemet Nix","gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"text"}]},"content":{"rendered":"<p><noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/discourse.nixos.org\/t\/nixos-20-03-release\/6785\">Presenteras<\/a><\/noindex> utgivning av distributionen <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"http:\/\/nixos.org\/\">NixOS 20.03<\/a><\/noindex>, baserat p\u00e5 paketf\u00f6rvaltaren <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"http:\/\/nixos.org\/nix\/\">Nix<\/a><\/noindex> och erbjuder en rad egna l\u00f6sningar som f\u00f6renklar konfiguration och underh\u00e5ll av systemet. Till exempel, i NixOS anv\u00e4nds en enhetlig systemkonfigurationsfil (configuration.nix), snabb \u00e5terst\u00e4llning av uppdateringar \u00e4r m\u00f6jlig, st\u00f6d f\u00f6r att v\u00e4xla mellan olika systemtillst\u00e5nd finns, installation av individuella paket av olika anv\u00e4ndare st\u00f6ds (paketet installeras i hemkatalogen), och flera versioner av ett program kan installeras samtidigt, samtidigt som reproducerbara byggnader s\u00e4kerst\u00e4lls. Storleken p\u00e5 den fullst\u00e4ndiga <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/nixos.org\/nixos\/download.html\">installationsbilden<\/a><\/noindex> med KDE \u2014 1.2 GB, den kompakta konsolversionen \u2014 540 MB. <\/p>\n<p>Huvud <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/nixos.org\/nixos\/manual\/release-notes.html#sec-release-20.03\">nyheter<\/a><\/noindex>:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li class=\"l\"> Versionerna av distributionskomponenterna har uppdaterats, inklusive Linux-k\u00e4rnan 5.4 (tidigare 4.19),<br \/>\n    gcc 9.2.0,<br \/>\n    glibc 2.30,<br \/>\n    mesa 19.3.3,<br \/>\n    openssl 1.1.1d,<br \/>\n    PostgreSQL 11, OpenSSH 8.1.<\/p>\n<li class=\"l\"> Skrivbordsmilj\u00f6erna har uppdaterats till KDE 5.17.5 (+ KDE Applications 19.12.3),<br \/>\n    GNOME 3.34 och Pantheon 5.1.3 (fr\u00e5n Elementary OS). N\u00e4r Pantheon aktiveras genom inst\u00e4llningen services.xserver.desktopManager.pantheon.enable aktiveras \u00e4ven den relaterade inloggningssk\u00e4rmen automatiskt.<\/p>\n<li class=\"l\"> I den grafiska installationsprogrammet startas den grafiska sessionen automatiskt efter installationen (tidigare visades en konsolprompt som erbj\u00f6d att k\u00f6ra \u00absystemctl start display-manager\u00bb om en grafisk gr\u00e4nssnitt beh\u00f6vdes). F\u00f6r att inaktivera start av display-manager i startmenyn har alternativet \u00abDisable display-manager\u00bb lagts till.\n<li class=\"l\"> F\u00f6r ZFS-pooler s\u00e4kerst\u00e4lls en veckovis k\u00f6rning av TRIM-operationen f\u00f6r NVME- och SSD-enheter (inst\u00e4llningen services.zfs.trim.enable). Om ZFS ing\u00e5r i inst\u00e4llningen config.boot.initrd.supportedFilesystems eller config.boot.supportedFilesystems g\u00f6rs \u00e4ven periodisk k\u00f6rning av verifieringsoperationer (services.zfs.autoScrub.enable) och automatisk skapande av snapshots (services.zfs.autoSnapshot.enable).\n<li class=\"l\"> Koden nixos-option har skrivits om i C++ och ut\u00f6kats med alternativet \u00ab-r\u00bb f\u00f6r att visa alla inst\u00e4llningar.\n<li class=\"l\"> Inst\u00e4llningarna services.xserver.desktopManager.default och services.xserver.windowManager.default har ersatts med det universella alternativet services.xserver.displayManager.defaultSession (till exempel, services.xserver.displayManager.defaultSession = \u00abxfce+icewm\u00bb).\n<li class=\"l\"> Till\u00e4gg <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/nixos.org\/nixos\/manual\/release-notes.html#sec-release-20.03-new-services\">46 nya tj\u00e4nster<\/a><\/noindex>.\n<li class=\"l\"> Bilder f\u00f6r SD-kort komprimeras som standard med bzip2.\n<\/ul>\n<p>Vid anv\u00e4ndning av Nix installeras paket i ett separat katalogtr\u00e4d \/nix\/store eller en underkatalog i anv\u00e4ndarkatalogen. Till exempel installeras paketet som \/nix\/store\/f2a4\u20268a143-firefox-75.0.0\/, d\u00e4r \u00abf2a4\u2026\u00bb \u00e4r ett unikt identifieringsnummer f\u00f6r paketet som anv\u00e4nds f\u00f6r att \u00f6vervaka beroenden. Paket \u00e4r utformade som containrar som inneh\u00e5ller de komponenter som beh\u00f6vs f\u00f6r att k\u00f6ra applikationer.<br \/>\nEn liknande metod anv\u00e4nds i paketf\u00f6rvaltaren GNU Guix, som bygger p\u00e5 Nix-teknologin.<\/p>\n<p>Mellan paketen kan beroenden definieras, d\u00e4r s\u00f6kning efter befintliga installerade beroenden g\u00f6rs genom att skanna hash-identifierare i katalogen f\u00f6r installerade paket. B\u00e5de h\u00e4mtning av f\u00e4rdiga bin\u00e4rpaket fr\u00e5n repository (vid uppdateringar laddas endast delta-f\u00f6r\u00e4ndringar) och kompilering fr\u00e5n k\u00e4llfiler med alla beroenden \u00e4r m\u00f6jlig. Paketkollektionen presenteras i ett s\u00e4rskilt repository. <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"http:\/\/nixos.org\/nixpkgs\/\">Nixpkgs<\/a><\/noindex>.<\/p>\n<p><noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" name=\"link\"><\/a><\/noindex><\/p>\n<p>K\u00e4lla: <a \ncontent=\"nofollow\" rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/www.opennet.ru\/opennews\/art.shtml?num=52775\">opennet.ru<\/a><\/p>","protected":false,"gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"html"}]},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u041f\u0440\u0435\u0434\u0441\u0442\u0430\u0432\u043b\u0435\u043d \u0432\u044b\u043f\u0443\u0441\u043a \u0434\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0440\u0438\u0431\u0443\u0442\u0438\u0432\u0430 NixOS 20.03, \u043e\u0441\u043d\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u043d\u0430 \u043f\u0430\u043a\u0435\u0442\u043d\u043e\u043c \u043c\u0435\u043d\u0435\u0434\u0436\u0435\u0440\u0435 Nix \u0438 \u043f\u0440\u0435\u0434\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0430\u0432\u043b\u044f\u044e\u0449\u0435\u0433\u043e \u0440\u044f\u0434 \u0441\u043e\u0431\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u0440\u0430\u0437\u0440\u0430\u0431\u043e\u0442\u043e\u043a, \u0443\u043f\u0440\u043e\u0449\u0430\u044e\u0449\u0438\u0445 \u043d\u0430\u0441\u0442\u0440\u043e\u0439\u043a\u0443 \u0438 \u0441\u043e\u043f\u0440\u043e\u0432\u043e\u0436\u0434\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u0441\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0435\u043c\u044b. \u041d\u0430\u043f\u0440\u0438\u043c\u0435\u0440, \u0432 NixOS \u0438\u0441\u043f\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0437\u0443\u0435\u0442\u0441\u044f \u0435\u0434\u0438\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u0444\u0430\u0439\u043b \u0441\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0435\u043c\u043d\u043e\u0439 \u043a\u043e\u043d\u0444\u0438\u0433\u0443\u0440\u0430\u0446\u0438\u0438 (configuration.nix), \u043f\u0440\u0435\u0434\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0430\u0432\u043b\u044f\u0435\u0442\u0441\u044f \u0432\u043e\u0437\u043c\u043e\u0436\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u044c \u0431\u044b\u0441\u0442\u0440\u043e\u0433\u043e \u043e\u0442\u043a\u0430\u0442\u0430 \u043e\u0431\u043d\u043e\u0432\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0439, \u043f\u0440\u0438\u0441\u0443\u0442\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0443\u0435\u0442 \u043f\u043e\u0434\u0434\u0435\u0440\u0436\u043a\u0430 \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0435\u043a\u043b\u044e\u0447\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f \u043c\u0435\u0436\u0434\u0443 \u0440\u0430\u0437\u043b\u0438\u0447\u043d\u044b\u043c\u0438 \u0441\u043e\u0441\u0442\u043e\u044f\u043d\u0438\u044f\u043c\u0438 \u0441\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0435\u043c\u044b, \u043f\u043e\u0434\u0434\u0435\u0440\u0436\u0438\u0432\u0430\u0435\u0442\u0441\u044f \u0443\u0441\u0442\u0430\u043d\u043e\u0432\u043a\u0430 \u0438\u043d\u0434\u0438\u0432\u0438\u0434\u0443\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u043f\u0430\u043a\u0435\u0442\u043e\u0432 \u043e\u0442\u0434\u0435\u043b\u044c\u043d\u044b\u043c\u0438 \u043f\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0437\u043e\u0432\u0430\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044f\u043c\u0438 (\u043f\u0430\u043a\u0435\u0442 \u0441\u0442\u0430\u0432\u0438\u0442\u0441\u044f \u0432 \u0434\u043e\u043c\u0430\u0448\u043d\u0438\u0439 \u043a\u0430\u0442\u0430\u043b\u043e\u0433), \u0432\u043e\u0437\u043c\u043e\u0436\u043d\u0430 \u043e\u0434\u043d\u043e\u0432\u0440\u0435\u043c\u0435\u043d\u043d\u0430\u044f \u0443\u0441\u0442\u0430\u043d\u043e\u0432\u043a\u0430 [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false,"gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"html"}]},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[702],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-78802","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-news"],"aioseo_notices":[],"aioseo_head":"\n\t\t<!-- All in One SEO 5.0.4 - aioseo.com -->\n\t<meta name=\"description\" content=\"\u041f\u0440\u0435\u0434\u0441\u0442\u0430\u0432\u043b\u0435\u043d \u0432\u044b\u043f\u0443\u0441\u043a \u0434\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0440\u0438\u0431\u0443\u0442\u0438\u0432\u0430 NixOS 20.03.\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"robots\" 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