{"id":89477,"date":"2020-07-23T01:42:18","date_gmt":"2020-07-22T23:42:18","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/blog\/administrirovanie\/apache-nginx-svyazany-odnoj-czepyu-2-chast"},"modified":"2020-07-23T01:42:18","modified_gmt":"2020-07-22T23:42:18","slug":"apache-nginx-svyazany-odnoj-czepyu-2-chast","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/sv\/blog\/administrirovanie\/apache-nginx-svyazany-odnoj-czepyu-2-chast","title":{"rendered":"Apache & Nginx. Kopplade med en kedja (del 2)","gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"text"}]},"content":{"rendered":"

F\u00f6rra veckan i f\u00f6rsta delen<\/a><\/noindex> denna artikel beskrev vi hur kopplingen mellan Apache och Nginx \u00e4r uppbyggd p\u00e5 Timeweb. Vi \u00e4r mycket tacksamma f\u00f6r l\u00e4sarnas fr\u00e5gor och aktiva diskussioner! Idag ber\u00e4ttar vi hur vi har implementerat tillg\u00e4ngligheten av flera PHP-versioner p\u00e5 en och samma server och varf\u00f6r vi garanterar dataskydd f\u00f6r v\u00e5ra kunder.<\/p>\n

\"Apache
\nVirtuell hosting<\/b> (Delad hosting) inneb\u00e4r att m\u00e5nga kundkonton finns p\u00e5 en och samma server. P\u00e5 ett kundkonto finns vanligtvis flera webbplatser. Webbplatserna kan drivas b\u00e5de p\u00e5 f\u00e4rdiga CMS (till exempel Bitrix) och p\u00e5 skr\u00e4ddarsydda system. Eftersom de tekniska kraven f\u00f6r alla system \u00e4r olika, beh\u00f6ver man hantera flera PHP-versioner inom ramen f\u00f6r en och samma server.
\n<\/a><\/noindex>
\nSom huvudwebbserver anv\u00e4nder vi Nginx: den tar emot alla externa anslutningar och levererar statiskt inneh\u00e5ll. \u00d6vriga f\u00f6rfr\u00e5gningar dirigerar vi vidare till Webbservern Apache. H\u00e4r b\u00f6rjar magin: f\u00f6r varje PHP-version k\u00f6rs en separat instans av Apache som lyssnar p\u00e5 en specifik port. Denna port anges i den virtuella v\u00e4rden f\u00f6r kundens webbplats. <\/p>\n

Mer om Shared-schemat kan du l\u00e4sa i den f\u00f6rsta delen av artikeln<\/a><\/noindex>.<\/p>\n

\"Apache
\nDelad schema <\/i><\/p>\n

Det \u00e4r viktigt att notera att vi installerar PHP-paket f\u00f6r olika versioner, eftersom det vanligtvis bara finns en version av PHP i alla distributioner. <\/p>\n

S\u00e4kerhet f\u00f6rst!<\/h4>\n

\nEn av de viktigaste uppgifterna med virtuell hosting \u00e4r att s\u00e4kerst\u00e4lla kundens dataskydd. Olika konton som finns p\u00e5 en och samma server \u00e4r sj\u00e4lvst\u00e4ndiga och oberoende. Hur fungerar det?<\/p>\n

Webbplatsfilerna lagras i anv\u00e4ndarnas egna hemkataloger, medan de virtuella v\u00e4rdena p\u00e5 webbservrarna anger de n\u00f6dv\u00e4ndiga s\u00f6kv\u00e4garna. Det \u00e4r viktigt att webbservrarna, Nginx och Apache, har tillg\u00e5ng till slutfilerna f\u00f6r en viss kund, eftersom webbservern endast startas av en anv\u00e4ndare. <\/p>\n

F\u00f6r Nginx anv\u00e4nds en s\u00e4kerhetspatch som utvecklats av Timeweb-teamet: denna patch \u00e4ndrar anv\u00e4ndaren till den som anges i webbserverns konfigurationsfil. <\/p>\n

Hos andra hostingleverant\u00f6rer kan detta problem l\u00f6sas till exempel genom manipulation med ut\u00f6kade r\u00e4ttigheter f\u00f6r filsystemet (ACL).<\/p>\n

F\u00f6r Apache anv\u00e4nds en multiprocessmodul mpm-itk<\/a><\/noindex>. Den till\u00e5ter att varje VirtualHost k\u00f6rs med sitt eget anv\u00e4ndar-id och gruppens id.
\n\"Apache
\nGenom operationerna som beskrivs ovan f\u00e5r vi en s\u00e4ker isolerad milj\u00f6 f\u00f6r varje kund. Samtidigt l\u00f6ser vi ocks\u00e5 skalningsfr\u00e5gor f\u00f6r shared hosting. <\/p>\n

Hur kopplingen mellan Apache och Nginx \u00e4r implementerad kan l\u00e4sas i f\u00f6rsta delen<\/a><\/noindex> v\u00e5r artikel. Dessutom beskrivs en alternativ konfiguration genom en dedikerad schema d\u00e4r.<\/p>\n

Om du har n\u00e5gra fr\u00e5gor till v\u00e5ra experter, skriv i kommentarerna. Vi ska f\u00f6rs\u00f6ka svara p\u00e5 allt eller beskriva l\u00f6sningen mer i detalj i kommande artiklar.
\n
K\u00e4lla: habr.com<\/a> <\/p>","protected":false,"gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"html"}]},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

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