{"id":94658,"date":"2020-09-19T13:42:15","date_gmt":"2020-09-19T11:42:15","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/blog\/novosti-interneta\/red-hat-razvivaet-novuyu-fs-nvfs-effektivnuyu-dlya-nvm-pamyati"},"modified":"2020-09-19T13:42:15","modified_gmt":"2020-09-19T11:42:15","slug":"red-hat-razvivaet-novuyu-fs-nvfs-effektivnuyu-dlya-nvm-pamyati","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/sv\/blog\/news\/red-hat-razvivaet-novuyu-fs-nvfs-effektivnuyu-dlya-nvm-pamyati","title":{"rendered":"Red Hat utvecklar ett nytt NVFS-filsystem, effektivt f\u00f6r NVM-minne","gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"text"}]},"content":{"rendered":"

Mikul\u00e1\u0161 Pato\u010dka, en av utvecklarna av LVM och f\u00f6rfattare till flera uppfinningar<\/a><\/noindex>, relaterade till optimering av lagringssystems prestanda, som arbetar p\u00e5 Red Hat, \u00e5r<\/a><\/noindex> i utvecklarlistan f\u00f6r Linux-k\u00e4rnan en ny filsystem NVFS<\/a><\/noindex>, som syftar till att skapa ett kompakt och snabbt filsystem f\u00f6r chip av energibesparande minne (NVM, non-volatile memory, till exempel NVDIMM), som kombinerar RAM-prestanda med m\u00f6jligheten f\u00f6r permanent lagring av inneh\u00e5llet. <\/p>\n

Vid utvecklingen av NVFS togs erfarenheten fr\u00e5n filsystemet NOVA<\/a><\/noindex>, som skapades 2017 specifikt f\u00f6r NVM-minne, men som inte antogs i Linux-k\u00e4rnan och begr\u00e4nsad<\/a><\/noindex> st\u00f6det i Linux-k\u00e4rnor fr\u00e5n 4.13 till 5.1.
\nDet f\u00f6reslagna NVFS-filsystemet \u00e4r betydligt enklare \u00e4n NOVA (4972 rader kod mot 21459), det erbjuder ett fsck-verktyg, har h\u00f6gre prestanda, st\u00f6der ut\u00f6kade attribut (xattrs), s\u00e4kerhetsm\u00e4rken, ACL och kvoter, men st\u00f6der inte snapshots. Arkitekturen<\/a><\/noindex> NVFS \u00e4r n\u00e4ra besl\u00e4ktad med
\nfilsystemet Ext4 och passar bra in i modellen f\u00f6r filsystem baserade p\u00e5 VFS-subsystemet, vilket minimerar antalet lager och g\u00f6r det m\u00f6jligt att klara sig med en modul som inte kr\u00e4ver patchning av k\u00e4rnan.<\/p>\n

NVFS anv\u00e4nder k\u00e4rnans gr\u00e4nssnitt DAX<\/a><\/noindex> f\u00f6r direkt \u00e5tkomst till permanenta minnesenheter utan sidcache. F\u00f6r att optimera arbetet med NVM-minnet, d\u00e4r byteadressering anv\u00e4nds, visas inneh\u00e5llet p\u00e5 enheten i k\u00e4rnans linj\u00e4ra adressutrymme utan att anv\u00e4nda den traditionella blockenhetens niv\u00e5 och mellanliggande cache. F\u00f6r lagring av kataloginneh\u00e5ll anv\u00e4nds ett radixtr\u00e4d,<\/a><\/noindex> d\u00e4r varje filnamn hash-kodats och hash-v\u00e4rdet anv\u00e4nds vid s\u00f6kning i tr\u00e4det.<\/p>\n

Dataintegritet s\u00e4kerst\u00e4lls genom mekanismen \"soft updates<\/a><\/noindex>\" (som i UFS fr\u00e5n FreeBSD och i FFS fr\u00e5n OpenBSD) utan anv\u00e4ndning av journalf\u00f6ring. F\u00f6r att f\u00f6rhindra filskador i NVFS grupperas data\u00e4ndringsoperationer p\u00e5 ett s\u00e4tt som g\u00f6r att ett kraschar inte kan leda till f\u00f6rlust av block eller inode, och strukturell integritet \u00e5terst\u00e4lls med hj\u00e4lp av verktyget fsck. Verktyget fsck fungerar i flertr\u00e5dat l\u00e4ge och s\u00e4kerst\u00e4ller en prestandaniv\u00e5 p\u00e5 upp till 1,6 miljoner inode per sekund.<\/p>\n

I i prestandatester.<\/a><\/noindex> NVFS har genomf\u00f6rt en kopieringsoperation av tr\u00e4d med k\u00e4lltexter fr\u00e5n Linux-k\u00e4rnan p\u00e5 NVM-minne cirka 10% snabbare \u00e4n NOVA, 30% snabbare \u00e4n ext4 och 37% snabbare \u00e4n XFS. I data s\u00f6ktestet visade filsystemet NVFS sig vara snabbare \u00e4n NOVA med 3%, och \u00e4n ext4 och XFS med 15% (men med aktiv diskcache var NOVA 15% l\u00e5ngsammare).
\nI testet med en miljon katalogoperationer \u00f6vertr\u00e4ffade NVFS NOVA med 40%, ext4 med 22% och XFS med 46%. Vid simulering av databashanterarens aktivitet \u00f6vertr\u00e4ffade NVFS NOVA med 20%, ext4 18 g\u00e5nger och XFS 5 g\u00e5nger. I fs_mark-testet var NVFS och NOVA p\u00e5 ungef\u00e4r samma niv\u00e5, medan ext4 och XFS l\u00e5g tre g\u00e5nger efter.<\/p>\n

F\u00f6rdr\u00f6jningen hos traditionella filsystem p\u00e5 NVM-minne beror p\u00e5 att de inte \u00e4r utformade f\u00f6r byteadresssering, som anv\u00e4nds i icke-flyktigt minne, vilket upptr\u00e4der som vanligt RAM. L\u00e4sning fr\u00e5n vanliga enheter s\u00e4kerst\u00e4ller atomisk operation p\u00e5 niv\u00e5n av att l\u00e4sa\/skriva sektorer, medan NVM-minnet ger \u00e5tkomst p\u00e5 niv\u00e5n av enskilda maskinord. Dessutom f\u00f6rs\u00f6ker traditionella filsystem minska intensiteten av \u00e5tkomsten till lagringsmedia, som betraktas som avsev\u00e4rt l\u00e5ngsammare \u00e4n RAM, och f\u00f6rs\u00f6ker ocks\u00e5 gruppera operationer f\u00f6r att s\u00e4kerst\u00e4lla sekventiell l\u00e4sning vid anv\u00e4ndning av h\u00e5rddiskar, samt hantera f\u00f6rfr\u00e5gningsk\u00f6er, bek\u00e4mpa fragmentering och dela upp prioriteten f\u00f6r olika operationer. F\u00f6r NVM-minne \u00e4r s\u00e5dana kompliceringar on\u00f6diga, eftersom hastigheten av data\u00e5tkomst \u00e4r j\u00e4mf\u00f6rbar med RAM, och \u00e5tkomstordningen spelar ingen roll.<\/p>\n

<\/a><\/noindex><\/p>\n

K\u00e4lla: opennet.ru<\/a><\/p>","protected":false,"gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"html"}]},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

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Linux \u043d\u043e\u0432\u0443\u044e \u0444\u0430\u0439\u043b\u043e\u0432\u0443\u044e \u0441\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0435\u043c\u0443 NVFS, \u043d\u0430\u0446\u0435\u043b\u0435\u043d\u043d\u0443\u044e \u043d\u0430 \u0441\u043e\u0437\u0434\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u043a\u043e\u043c\u043f\u0430\u043a\u0442\u043d\u043e\u0439 \u0438 \u0431\u044b\u0441\u0442\u0440\u043e\u0439 \u0424\u0421 \u0434\u043b\u044f \u0447\u0438\u043f\u043e\u0432 \u044d\u043d\u0435\u0440\u0433\u043e\u043d\u0435\u0437\u0430\u0432\u0438\u0441\u0438\u043c\u043e\u0439 \u043f\u0430\u043c\u044f\u0442\u0438 (NVM, non-volatile memory, \u043d\u0430\u043f\u0440\u0438\u043c\u0435\u0440 NVDIMM), \u0441\u043e\u0447\u0435\u0442\u0430\u044e\u0449\u0438\u0445 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0438\u0437\u0432\u043e\u0434\u0438\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u044c \u041e\u0417\u0423 \u0441 \u0432\u043e\u0437\u043c\u043e\u0436\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u044c\u044e […]<\/p>\n","protected":false,"gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"html"}]},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[702],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-94658","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-news"],"aioseo_notices":[],"aioseo_head":"\n\t\t\n\t\n\t\n\t\n\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\n","aioseo_head_json":{"title":"\ud83e\udd47Red Hat utvecklar ett nytt filsystem NVFS, effektivt f\u00f6r NVM-minne | ProHoster","description":"Mikul\u00e1\u0161 Pato\u010dka, en av utvecklarna av LVM och upphovsmannen till flera uppfinningar relaterade till 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