{"id":94799,"date":"2020-09-22T01:41:57","date_gmt":"2020-09-21T23:41:57","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/blog\/novosti-interneta\/v-rf-namereny-zapretit-protokoly-pozvolyayushhie-skryt-imya-sajta"},"modified":"2020-09-22T01:41:57","modified_gmt":"2020-09-21T23:41:57","slug":"v-rf-namereny-zapretit-protokoly-pozvolyayushhie-skryt-imya-sajta","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/sv\/blog\/news\/v-rf-namereny-zapretit-protokoly-pozvolyayushhie-skryt-imya-sajta","title":{"rendered":"I Ryssland planerar man att f\u00f6rbjuda protokoll som g\u00f6r det m\u00f6jligt att d\u00f6lja webbplatsnamnet","gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"text"}]},"content":{"rendered":"<p>Har startat <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/regulation.gov.ru\/projects#npa=108513\">offentlig diskussion<\/a><\/noindex> projektet f\u00f6r r\u00e4ttslig akt om \u00e4ndringar i den federala lagen \"Om information, informations teknologier och skydd av information\", som utarbetats av Ministeriet f\u00f6r digital utveckling, kommunikation och massmedier. Lagen f\u00f6resl\u00e5r att inf\u00f6ra ett f\u00f6rbud mot anv\u00e4ndning p\u00e5 territoriet av Ryska federationen av \"krypteringsprotokoll som d\u00f6ljer namnet (identifieraren) f\u00f6r webbsidan eller webbplatsen i n\u00e4tverket, utom i de fall som fastst\u00e4lls av lagstiftningen i Ryska federationen.\" <\/p>\n<p>F\u00f6r \u00f6vertr\u00e4delse av f\u00f6rbudet mot anv\u00e4ndning av kryptografiska protokoll som g\u00f6r det m\u00f6jligt att d\u00f6lja webbplatsnamnet f\u00f6resl\u00e5s att Internetresursens funktionalitet ska avbrytas senast 1 (en) arbetsdag efter att den aktuella \u00f6vertr\u00e4delsen uppt\u00e4ckts av den beh\u00f6riga federala statliga myndigheten. Huvudsyftet med blockeringen \u00e4r TLS-till\u00e4gget <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/tools.ietf.org\/html\/draft-ietf-tls-esni-07\">ECH<\/a><\/noindex> (tidigare k\u00e4nt som ESNI), vilket kan anv\u00e4ndas tillsammans med TLS 1.3 och redan <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/www.opennet.ru\/opennews\/art.shtml?num=53520\">\u00e4r blockerat<\/a><\/noindex> i Kina. Eftersom formuleringarna i lagf\u00f6rslaget \u00e4r vaga och det saknas konkretion, kan i princip alla protokoll som tillhandah\u00e5ller fullst\u00e4ndig kryptering av kommunikationskanalen, tillsammans med ECH\/ESNI, formellt omfattas av blockering. <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/www.opennet.ru\/opennews\/art.shtml?num=49271\">DNS \u00f6ver HTTPS<\/a><\/noindex> (DoH) och <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/www.opennet.ru\/opennews\/art.shtml?num=48443\">DNS \u00f6ver TLS<\/a><\/noindex> (DoT).<\/p>\n<p>Vi p\u00e5minner om att det en g\u00e5ng togs fram ett till\u00e4gg SNI f\u00f6r att organisera drift av flera HTTPS-webbplatser p\u00e5 en och samma IP-adress, vilket m\u00f6jligg\u00f6r \u00f6verf\u00f6ring av v\u00e4rdnamnet i klartext i meddelandet ClientHello som s\u00e4nds innan en krypterad kommunikationskanal etableras. En s\u00e5dan funktion g\u00f6r det m\u00f6jligt f\u00f6r internetleverant\u00f6ren att selektivt filtrera HTTPS-trafik och analysera vilka webbplatser anv\u00e4ndaren bes\u00f6ker, vilket inte g\u00f6r det m\u00f6jligt att uppn\u00e5 fullst\u00e4ndig konfidentialitet n\u00e4r HTTPS anv\u00e4nds. <\/p>\n<p>ECH\/ESNI utesluter helt l\u00e4ckage av information om den beg\u00e4rda webbplatsen vid analys av HTTPS-anslutningar. I kombination med anrop genom ett inneh\u00e5llsleveransn\u00e4t ger anv\u00e4ndningen av ECH\/ESNI ocks\u00e5 m\u00f6jlighet att d\u00f6lja b\u00e5de provider och IP-adressen f\u00f6r den beg\u00e4rda resursen \u2014 trafikinspektionssystem ser endast f\u00f6rfr\u00e5gningar till CDN och kan inte till\u00e4mpa blockering utan att \u00e4ndra TLS-sessionen, i vilket fall anv\u00e4ndarens webbl\u00e4sare kommer att visa ett motsvarande meddelande om certifikat\u00e4ndringen. Om ett f\u00f6rbud mot ECH\/ESNI inf\u00f6rs f\u00f6r att motverka denna m\u00f6jlighet kan endast en fullst\u00e4ndig begr\u00e4nsning av tillg\u00e5ngen till inneh\u00e5llsleveransn\u00e4t (CDN) som st\u00f6djer ECH\/ESNI vara till hj\u00e4lp, annars kommer blockeringen att bli ineffektiv och enkelt kunna kringg\u00e5s med hj\u00e4lp av CDN.<\/p>\n<p>Vid anv\u00e4ndning av ECH\/ESNI \u00f6verf\u00f6rs v\u00e4rdnamnet, precis som i SNI, i ClientHello-meddelandet, men inneh\u00e5llet i de \u00f6verf\u00f6rda data \u00e4r krypterat. Krypteringen anv\u00e4nder en hemlighet som ber\u00e4knas baserat p\u00e5 serverns och klientens nycklar. F\u00f6r att dekryptera det f\u00e5ngade eller mottagna v\u00e4rdet av ECH\/ESNI-f\u00e4ltet m\u00e5ste man k\u00e4nna till klientens eller serverns privata nyckel (plus serverns eller klientens offentliga nycklar). Informationen om de offentliga nycklarna \u00f6verf\u00f6rs f\u00f6r servernyckeln i DNS, medan klientnyckeln skickas i ClientHello-meddelandet. Dekryptering \u00e4r ocks\u00e5 m\u00f6jlig genom en gemensam hemlighet som avtalats under installationen av TLS-anslutningen, k\u00e4nd endast f\u00f6r klienten och servern. <\/p>\n<p><noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" name=\"link\"><\/a><\/noindex><\/p>\n<p>K\u00e4lla: <a \ncontent=\"nofollow\" rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/www.opennet.ru\/opennews\/art.shtml?num=53756\">opennet.ru<\/a><\/p>","protected":false,"gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"html"}]},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u041d\u0430\u0447\u0430\u043b\u043e\u0441\u044c \u043e\u0431\u0449\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0435\u043d\u043d\u043e\u0435 \u043e\u0431\u0441\u0443\u0436\u0434\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0435\u043a\u0442\u0430 \u043f\u0440\u0430\u0432\u043e\u0432\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0430\u043a\u0442\u0430 \u043e \u0432\u043d\u0435\u0441\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0438 \u0438\u0437\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0439 \u0432 \u0424\u0435\u0434\u0435\u0440\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u044b\u0439 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\u0443\u0441\u0442\u0430\u043d\u043e\u0432\u043b\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0445 [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false,"gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"html"}]},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[702],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-94799","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-news"],"aioseo_notices":[],"aioseo_head":"\n\t\t<!-- All in One SEO 5.0.4 - aioseo.com -->\n\t<meta name=\"description\" content=\"\u041d\u0430\u0447\u0430\u043b\u043e\u0441\u044c \u043e\u0431\u0449\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0435\u043d\u043d\u043e\u0435 \u043e\u0431\u0441\u0443\u0436\u0434\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0435\u043a\u0442\u0430 \u043f\u0440\u0430\u0432\u043e\u0432\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0430\u043a\u0442\u0430 \u043e \u0432\u043d\u0435\u0441\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0438 \u0438\u0437\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0439 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