Molo, Habr. Ndingu-Igor, inkokeli yeqela elilwa nama-scammers kwi-Avito. Namhlanje siza kuthetha ngedabi elingunaphakade kunye nama-scoundrels azama kwaye ngamanye amaxesha akhohlise abathengi be-intanethi ngokuziswa kwempahla.
Kudala sisilwa nobuqhophololo. Amaqothaqikili anamhlanje akhohlisa abantu ngokuxelisa unxibelelwano kunye nemisebenzi yamaqonga orhwebo kwi-intanethi. Umzekelo, beza nezikimu zokuhanjiswa kweekhuriya kwiindawo zentengiso.
NgoJanuwari ka-2020, imiyalelo esele ilungile ye-scammers kunye nazo zonke izixhobo eziyimfuneko zavela kwi-Intanethi. Emva koko ukuzimela bodwa kongeza amafutha emlilweni: abo babekhe baqhatha kwaye bebeba ezitratweni nakumagumbi aqeshisayo banyanzelwa ukuba bangene kwi-Intanethi. Mhlawumbi aba "scammers" bebekufowunela kakhulu mva nje, bebhala ngemiyalezo ekhawulezileyo, iSMS kunye neeleta. Bazazisa njengabasebenzi beebhanki kunye nee-arhente zokunyanzeliswa komthetho, izihlobo ezikude okanye ii-notaries. Bhala kwizimvo ukuba loluphi uhlobo lobuqhophololo obudibene nalo kwixesha elidlulileyo.
Iinkqubo zobuqhetseba ezisemgangathweni
Esona sikimu sixhaphakileyo sokukhohlisa umthengi ngokuziswa kwempahla sijongeka ngolu hlobo:
- Umkhohlisi upapasha intengiso enemveliso edumileyo kudidi lwexabiso eliphakathi. Ngokomzekelo, ngokuthengiswa kwee-scooters zombane - zithandwa ehlobo.
- Ngayiphi na indlela, ucenga umntu onokuba ngumthengi ukuba ahanjiswe. Iingqikelelo zinokwahluka: Ndisishiyile isixeko ngexesha lobhubhani okanye ndixakeke kakhulu kwaye andikwazi ukuza entlanganisweni.
- Emva kokufumana imvume, i-scammer ithumela ikhonkco lokuhlawula inkohliso. Iphepha elidibeneyo lifana nefom ye-Avito eqhelekileyo.
- Ixhoba lihlawula izinto ezithengiweyo kwaye lithi ndlela-ntle kwimali.
- Umkhohlisi uzama ukwenza imali eninzi ngokunikezela ukubuyisela intlawulo. Uthumela umthengi ifomu entsha ukuze abuyiselwe imali, kodwa eneneni uyabahlawulisa kwakhona. Iphepha lokubuyisela liphepha elifanayo lokuhlawula, kodwa umbhalo okwiqhosha utshintshiwe "ukuhlawula" ukuya "kukubuyisela".
Apha ngezantsi kukho umzekelo wephepha elingeyonyani elinokuthi lithunyelwe ngumkhohlisi. I-domain ilingisa i-Avito, kwaye isayithi ngokwayo ifana nephepha lokuphuma kwivenkile ye-intanethi. Amaphepha omgunyathi ahlala ekwi-https protocol, kwaye akunakwenzeka ukuwahlula ngolu phawu. Emva kokuzalisa idatha, umsebenzisi uthathwa kwiphepha lokuhlawula umyalelo, apho ucelwa ukuba afake ulwazi lwekhadi lakhe lebhanki.
Intlawulo yemveliso yobuxoki kunye namaphepha embuyekezo
Sivala abathengisi abakrokrelayo. Ke ngoko, ukwenza imisebenzi enjalo, abakwa-scammers kufuneka bahlale besenza iiakhawunti ezintsha kwiAvito. Banokuzibhalisa ngokwabo ngokusebenzisa i-SMS kwinombolo yethutyana yenyani, okanye bathenge iiakhawunti ezibiweyo. Ikhadi le-SIM khadi libiza kwii-kopecks ezingama-60, i-akhawunti yomnye umntu kwimarike yesithunzi ixabisa ukusuka kuma-ruble ayi-10. Iindleko zazo zombini zingaphantsi ngokungenakuthelekiswa nomvuzo wexesha elinye kubasebenzisi abakhohlisayo.
Yayiyi-Avito Scam 1.0, kodwa iinguqulelo ze-2.0, 3.0 kunye ne-4.0 sele zivele. Ayizomagama ethu ezi - zisetyenziswa ngabaqhathi ngokwabo.
Abakhohlisi kuphela abathengi, kodwa nabathengisi. Umzobo wesibini ujongeka ngolu hlobo:
- Umthengi kuthiwa uthumele imali ngentengiselwano ekhuselekileyo.
- Uthumela umthengisi ikhonkco lokukhohlisa apho anokufumana khona intlawulo.
- Umthengisi uthathwa kwiphepha elicela iinkcukacha zekhadi lakhe, kwaye ngenxa yoko, imali itsalwa kwi-akhawunti yakhe.
Iskimu se-Scam 3.0 sisebenza ngolu hlobo:
- Umthengisi upapasha iintengiso kunye nokuhanjiswa okusebenzayo nge-Avito.
- Xa umthengi ehlawula iimpahla, i-scammer imthumelela umfanekiso weskrini apho u-Avito kuthiwa ucela ikhowudi yokuqinisekisa.
- Ukusebenzisa ikhowudi, umthengisi ungena kwi-akhawunti yomsebenzisi. Kwiprofayili yomthengi, i-scammer ihlola ibhokisi ebonisa ukuba ufumene iimpahla. Umthengi ushiywe ngaphandle kwemali kunye nokuthenga.
Kwaye inkqubo ye-4.0 icwangciswe ngolu hlobo lulandelayo:
- Umthengi uzenza ngathi uzihlawulele iimpahla aze athumele irisithi yomgunyathi. Iirisithi zithunyelwa naphi na: nge-imeyile okanye ngomthunywa wesithathu. Kuxhomekeke kunxibelelwano olunjani olunikwe umthengisi kwi-scammer.
- Umthengisi ufumana i-SMS elingisa ukudluliselwa kwibhanki.
- Emva kwemizuzu embalwa, umthengi ubhala ukuba imveliso evela komnye umthengisi iya kulungeleka ngakumbi kuye kwaye icela ukubuyiselwa imali. Ingxabano ethi "yibuyisele, awuyena umkhohlisi" isetyenziswa rhoqo. Umthengisi uthumela imali kumthengi, kodwa ephaketheni lakhe, kuba kwakungekho ntlawulo.
Yintoni abarhwaphilizi bacinezela yona?
Ezona meko zintlanu zidumileyo apho abantu bawela kumakhamandela ama-scammers:
- Isiphakamiso sokuthengisa esisodwa. Ixabiso okanye imveliso ithelekisa ngokuncomekayo nezinye izinikezelo.
- Imincili. Umthengisi unabantu abaninzi abazimisele ukuthenga imveliso, ngoko ke unyanzelisa intlawulo yangaphambili.
- Ungxamiseko. Umthengi unikezela ukuthenga ngokukhawuleza iimpahla ngayo nayiphi na imali kwaye ucela zonke iinkcukacha zekhadi lebhanki ukwenzela ukudlulisa imali.
- Intliziyo entle. Umkhohlisi ucela uncedo ekuthengeni imveliso: umzekelo, umthengi uneengxaki zempilo okanye akakwazi ukuzithathela ngokwakhe loo mveliso. Umkhohlisi ucela iinkcukacha zekhadi ukudlulisa imali, kwaye iimpahla kuya kuthiwa zithathwe ngumthunywa.
- Iindawo ezahlukeneyo kunye nezixeko. Kule meko, ukuhlawula kwangaphambili yimeko enyanzelekileyo yentengiselwano, kwaye oku kuvula intsimi enkulu yomsebenzi wabakhohlisi.
Inkqubo βyomsebenziβ wabaqhatha
Amaqela amathathu abantu ababandakanyekayo kwiskimu sobuqhetseba: abasebenzi, inkxaso, i-TS.
Abasebenzi, abasuka kwigama elithi umsebenzi, lelona qela likhulu labantu, ingakumbi abantwana besikolo nabafundi. Bazenzela ngokuzimeleyo ii-akhawunti kwi-Avito kwaye bajonge amaxhoba, abizwa ngokuba ngama-mammoths. Ke, besebenzisa izakhono zobunjineli bezentlalo, baqinisekisa amaxhoba ukuba ahlawule into ethile kwaye abathumele ikhonkco elingeyonyani. Ukuba ixhoba lihlawula "impahla," ngoko umsebenzi wabasebenzi, ngoncedo lwenkxaso, kukudlulisela ixhoba kwimbuyekezo, ukukhankanya uhlobo oluthile lwephutha lobugcisa.
Inkxaso ngabantu abathi, ngengeniso emiselweyo, bancede abasebenzi be-newbie bakhohlise abasebenzisi. Banika iingcebiso, bacebisa iimveliso "ezinenzuzo", kwaye bahlala bekulungele ukubonelela ngezinye iinkonzo kwipesenti ethile yentengiselwano yobuqhetseba, umzekelo, ukulungiselela ipasipoti kwi-Photoshop, ukubiza ixhoba, ukubhalela kuye egameni lenkxaso yobugcisa.
I-TS, evela kwi-Topic Starter kwiiforamu zethunzi, apho abasebenzi baqeshwe khona ekuqaleni, ngabaququzeleli. Bakhuphela okanye bathenge isoftware, enamacandelo amabini:
- I-Telegram bot, esona sixhobo siphambili se-scammers. Kuyo unokufumana ikhonkco elikhohlisayo kwimveliso, ufumane izaziso malunga nokuchofoza okanye iintlawulo.
- Inguqulelo yewebhu, enoxanduva lokubonisa intlawulo/imbuyekezo/iphepha lerisithi. Inkqubo yentlawulo yokwamkela iintlawulo ikwaqhagamshelwe kuyo.
Abaququzeleli benza imali kwipesenti yokudluliselwa kwexhoba ngalinye, elibizwa ngokuba yinzuzo. Ngoko ke, bazama ukubhengeza iprojekthi yabo kwaye bahlawule inkxaso yokuqeqesha abatsha. Baphinde bathwale zonke iindleko ezinxulumene nokuthengwa kwemimandla emitsha kunye namakhadi apho imali iza khona.
Emva kokujonga iikhowudi zomthombo weentlobo ezininzi zemibhalo yobuqhetseba, safikelela kwisigqibo sokuba uninzi lwazo lwabhalwa kwi-PHP, kodwa kwinqanaba elibi kakhulu. Phantse zonke izikripthi ziqokelela ulwazi malunga nabasebenzisi bazo, kuquka nabasebenzi. Enye yeengqikelelo ezibangela ukuba benze oku kukuba xa ii-arhente zogcino-mthetho ziqhagamshelana nomququzeleli, uya kusebenzisana nophando kwaye azame ukunciphisa isohlwayo ngokubhengeza abasebenzi.
Ukongeza kwimibhalo, abakwa-scammers basebenzisa iibhombu. Ezi zibhotshi ezibonelela ngethuba lokuthumela ugaxekile kwifowuni yakho ngeSMS kunye neefowuni. Iibhomu zisebenza ngolu hlobo: baya kwiindawo ezahlukeneyo kwaye bacele ukubhaliswa okanye ukubuyiswa kwephasiwedi usebenzisa inombolo yefowuni. Ngokuqhelekileyo i-scammers idibanisa nabo kumaxhoba kwiiyure ze-2-72. Kwaye esi sisizathu esibalulekileyo sokuba ungabonisi inombolo yakho yefowuni kwi-Intanethi.
Ezinye i-TS ziqesha abaphuhlisi abenza uphuculo lwebhot okanye iwebhusayithi. Umzekelo, baphucula ukureyithwa kwabasebenzi okanye bakhusele izikripthi kubuthathaka obufumaneka kwiinguqulelo zasimahla. Nangona kunjalo, ekusukeleni ingeniso ekhawulezileyo, isithuthi sinokuzithathela yonke ingeniso, sikhohlisa abasebenzi baso. Ngelo xesha, kukho iqela labafana abenza imali kwi-scammers ngokwabo, bebakhohlisa kwiinkonzo ezahlukeneyo.
Ingeniso yemihla ngemihla ye-fraudster-executor yi-ruble ye-20, kwaye i-fraudster-organizer i-ruble ye-000. Into ephambili ekufuneka uyikhumbule: ngaphandle kokungahlawulisi kunye neenzuzo "zeshishini", wonke lo msebenzi uwela phantsi. . Abakhohlisi bavalelwa kwaye banikwe izigwebo zangempela nakwiimeko apho umonakalo ovela kwinkohliso ufikelela kuma-ruble angama-5-7 amawaka.
Sidlulisela lonke ulwazi esinalo malunga nobuqhophololo kwii-arhente zogcino-mthetho. Siqinisekile ukuba nangona kubonakala ngathi inzuzo kunye nokulula kwesikimu, abafundi bethu bayaqonda ukuba kuphela abantu abanengqondo emxinwa abangayiqondi yonke imingcipheko ebandakanya ubuqhetseba.
Idabi elikhulu phakathi kokuchasa ubuqhophololo kunye nabaqhatha
Siza kukuxelela ukuba ngawaphi amanyathelo esiwathathileyo kwiinyanga zokuqala zika-2020 ukukhusela abasebenzisi bethu, kunye nendlela abarhwaphilizi abaphendule ngayo.
Eyona metric esithembele kuyo ukuvavanya ukusebenza kakuhle komsebenzi wethu yayiyinani leefowuni zenkxaso kunye nokuhanjiswa okuhlawulwe yi-scammer. Sivala uninzi lweentengiso ezinobuqhophololo phambi kokuba zifike kwindawo. Kodwa xa phantse lonke urhwebo luhamba kwi-Intanethi, sarekhoda ukwanda kwezicelo. Olu lwazi lukwaqinisekiswa ziibhanki: ngo-Epreli nangoMeyi bathumela izilumkiso ezinkulu malunga nokukhula korhwaphilizo ekuthengeni i-Intanethi.
Ukufumana ingxelo ekhawulezileyo malunga nezixhobo ezitsha, umntu osuka kwiqela lethu uye wagxuphuleka kumaqela avaliweyo abarhwaphilizi. Kwenye yazo, waphumelela udliwano-ndlebe njengomphuhlisi kwaye wafumana ukufikelela kwikhowudi yomthombo we-scam bots, kwaye wangena kwiqela labaququzeleli. Enkosi koku, besisoloko sinolwazi olutsha, lokuqala.
Ukuqonda imingcipheko ngenxa yokuqalisa ukuzimela, saqala umsebenzi phambi kokuba kunyuswe izicelo. Enye yemilinganiselo yokuqala yobugcisa yayikukuphunyezwa kwe-anti-hack ukuhlutha i-akhawunti yomsebenzisi kwii-clutches zabahlaseli. Ukwenza oku, ukuba igama lokungena kunye negama eliyimfihlo lifakwe ngokuchanekileyo, kodwa i-geolocation yayikrokrela, sacela ikhowudi kwi-SMS ethunyelwe kumnini-akhawunti. Ukuphendula, abakwa-scammers baqala ukubhalisa iiakhawunti ezizimeleyo. Oku kusisebenzela inzuzo yethu - iiakhawunti zabathengisi ezintsha zikhuthaza ukuzithemba okuncinci kuye wonke umntu.
Emva koko, siqale ukulumkisa abasebenzisi malunga nokulandela amakhonkco akrokrelayo kumthunywa. Ngoko ke siye sacutha inani lokucofa ngesithathu, kodwa oku akuzange kube nasiphumo kwi-metric yethu engundoqo: abo bakhohliswa ngabakhohlisi abazange banqandwe zizo naziphi na izilumkiso.
Okulandelayo sazisa uluhlu olumhlophe lwamakhonkco. Siyekile ukugqamisa amakhonkco angaziwayo kumthunywa we-Avito awukwazi ukuwalandela ngokuchofoza okukodwa. Xa kukopa ikhonkco elikrokrisayo, kwaboniswa nesilumkiso. Esi sigqibo sibe nefuthe elihle kwiimetriki zethu okokuqala.
Saqala ukujezisa ngenkuthalo ukuhanjiswa kwamakhonkco akrokrelayo kumthunywa we-Avito: vimba okanye ugatye iintengiso zomthengisi. Ukuphendula, i-scammers yaqala ukuphambukisa abasebenzisi kwincoko yethu ukuya kubathunywa beqela lesithathu. Emva koko sikhuphe isilumkiso sokuba ungatshintsheli komnye umthunywa ukuba uyayibona ikhankanywe kwingxoxo. Lo msebenzi uqale ngophendlo oluqhelekileyo lokubonisa, emva koko sibuyisele imodeli yeML endaweni yayo.
Emva koko i-scammers yaqala ukukhohlisa abasebenzisi kwi-imeyile. Ukwenza oku, babedinga into enye sonke esiyifunayo: ukuthembela. Baqala ukuthumela imifanekiso enokuba ngamaxhoba apho uAvito kuthiwa ucele i-imeyile yomthengi. Bubuqhophololo obu - asifuni imeyile zabathengi.
Apha inkxaso yethu kuthiwa iphendula ukuba i-imeyile yomthengi iyafuneka ukuhanjiswa
Kwaye apha kujongano lwethu kubonakala ngathi kukho indawo entsha yokungena kwi-imeyile
Ukuba omnye umntu unokwahlula ikhonkco elingeyonyani, ke unobumba unokwenziwa lula kwaye uthembekile ngakumbi. Siqale ukucima umyalezo we-imeyile kwaye sibonisa umsebenzisi isilumkiso malunga nobungozi besenzo esinjalo. Ukuba emva kwesilumkiso umsebenzisi uthumele i-imeyile kwakhona, asisacimi.
Abaqhathi baqalisile ukucela abathengi ukuba bathumele idilesi ye-imeyile kwimiyalezo emininzi okanye ngophawu @ endaweni yenye into. Emva koko saqalisa ukubonisa isilumkiso naxa sicela iposi. Ubunzima bala manyathelo benza ukuba kube lula ukuthintela ngokupheleleyo abasebenzisi ukuba bashiye umthunywa we-Avito ngeposi.
Oomatshini bethu bangoku basebenza kakhulu, kodwa abusebenzisekanga. Umyalezo we-imeyile ucinywa ngokupheleleyo, kwaye kaninzi uneminye imibhalo. Kodwa yayisesona sisombululo sikhawulezayo nesibiza imali eninzi ukuphuhlisa. Sicinga malunga nendlela yokwenza kwakhona kunye nokuphucula.
Elinye lamanyathelo ethu akutsha kukufowunela inombolo. Ngokuqhelekileyo, amanani ama-scammers asebenzisa ukubhalisa ii-akhawunti awahlali ixesha elide. Sibiza inombolo yomthengisi emva kokuhambisa isikhangiso kwi-Avito. Ukuba awukwazi ukufikelela ngefowuni, ukumodareyitha kuya kusala intengiso. Abaqhatha baqalisa ukutshintsha inombolo yefowuni ngoko nangoko ngaphambi kokuba ipapashwe ukuze sitsale umnxeba ngoxa isafumaneka.
Kwaye nantsi impendulo evela kwi-scammer
Kwiimeko ezikrokrisayo, sithoba ukubaluleka kwentengiso kwiziphumo zokhangelo kwaye siyisuse kwizindululo. Kwangaxeshanye, sibeka ukulibaziseka ekukhupheni ukuya kuthi ga kwiiyure ezingama-48 ukuze siqinisekise ixesha lokujonga yonke into ngocoselelo kwaye kubangele ukuphazamiseka kancinci kubarhwebi.
Le yincam nje ye-iceberg, kukho iintlobo ezininzi zobuqhetseba.
Ngelishwa, akunakwenzeka ukuchaza zonke iintlobo zobuqhetseba kwinqaku elinye. Xa sithe safunda malunga nokuqaliswa kolawulo lokuzahlula, kwacaca kwangoko ukuba abaqhatha abenza imali ngaphandle kweintanethi baya kubaleka kwi-Intanethi. Abayi kufuna ukutshintsha iindlela zabo zokuziphatha kwiinyanga ezimbalwa kwaye babe ngabemi abalungileyo. Oku kukhokelele ekunyukeni kobuqhophololo kuwo onke amaqonga e-intanethi nangefowuni.
Phakathi kweentlobo zobuqhetseba, kukho ezinqabileyo kwaye ezihlekisayo. Umzekelo, apha i-scammer izenza irobhothi ukunciphisa iindleko zonxibelelwano:
Nangona kukho i-scammers encinci kunye ne-Avito yonke imihla, kwaye uhlaselo lwenzeka kulo lonke ilizwe apho amagosa omthetho afumana khona, nangona i-proxies kunye ne-VPNs, ivalelwa kwaye ikhokelela kwizigwebo zokwenyani ukuya kwi-2 iminyaka entolongweni ngenxa. ukukhohlisa kwe-2500 -5000 ruble, akunakwenzeka ukulahla ngokupheleleyo ubuqhetseba.
Asiyi kuthetha esidlangalaleni malunga nezinye iingcamango kunye nezinto ezintsha, ukwenzela ukuba ungenzi umsebenzi we-scammers ube lula. Siyaqonda ukuba eli dabi liya kuqhubeka. Umsebenzi wethu kukwenza ubomi bube nzima kangangoko kubakhohlisi, ukwenza olu hlobo lomsebenzi kwisixhobo sethu lungabi nangeniso kwaye lube yingozi kakhulu, ngelixa benzakalisa kancinci abasebenzisi abalungileyo.
Iziphumo zomsebenzi
Nali ixesha lokuhanjiswa kweefowuni zenkxaso yobuqhophololo. Kwiiveki zamva nje ihleli ikwinqanaba elisezantsi elithe gqolo:
Ukuphepha njani ukuba lixhoba le-scammer
Abarhwaphilizi bayimpukane kwi-ointment yezibonelelo ezinenzuzo. Ukuze uhlale ukhuselekile, landela le migaqo:
- Musa ukwabelana ngedatha ebuthathaka. Akukho: igama elipheleleyo, inombolo yefowuni, idilesi, i-imeyile, umhla kunye nendawo yokuzalwa, ulwazi malunga nosapho kunye nomvuzo, iinkcukacha zekhadi, abafowunelwa kwabanye abathunywa. Ungaze uxelele iikhowudi ezivela kwiSMS kunye nezaziso zokutyhala.
- Ukuqhuba lonke unxibelelwano kuphela ngaphakathi kumthunywa wethu, ngoko siya kukwazi ukukulumkisa xa kukho ingozi.
- Jonga ukalisho lomthengisi kunye neminyaka yeprofayile. Ukukrokra kuphakanyiswa ngamaxabiso aphantsi, umhla wakutshanje wokubhaliswa kwisayithi kunye nokuhlaziywa okungalunganga.
- Ukuba iqhosha elithi "Thenga ngokuhambisa" alisebenzi, akukho kuhanjiswa kwempahla ngokusebenzisa amaqabane e-Avito athembekileyo. Ezinye iindlela zokuhambisa zihlala zisemngciphekweni.
- Musa ukucofa amakhonkco. Ikhonkco yokuhlawula okanye ukufumana imali kufuneka ithunyelwe kumthunywa we-Avito eyakhelweyo ngomyalezo wenkqubo. Ikhonkco langempela lihlala liqala nge-domain www.avito.ru. Nayiphi na enye indibanisela yamagama kunye neesimboli bubuqhophololo.
- Thatha ixesha lakho kwaye wenze zonke izinto ozithengayo zibe sempilweni. Qaphela zonke iinkcukacha ezincinci. Abarhwaphilizi badla ngokubeka uxinzelelo kwabo banokuba ngabathengi baze boyikise ngokuyithengisela omnye umntu loo mveliso. Abathengisi abanyanisekileyo bathembekile kwaye balungele imibuzo eyongezelelweyo.
- Musa ukwenza intlawulo kwangaphambili kuzo naziphi na iinkonzo ngaphandle kokuba uzithembile kumthengisi.
- Musa ukufaka naziphi na izongezo zomntu wesithathu okanye iinkqubo.
- Ukuba ubona iprofayile okanye intengiso ekrokrisayo, bhala ngayo . Siza kujonga umthengisi. Kwi-Intanethi kungcono ukungathembi nabani na kwaye wenze iitshekhi ezongezelelweyo.
umthombo: www.habr.com