Sinokukukhumbuza ezi ndlela ezintle, kodwa namhlanje sikhetha ukusebenzisa iindlela eziqhelekileyo
Ugcino lwedatha yenye yezona ndawo zincinci zinomdla kwikhompyuter, kodwa kuyimfuneko. Ngapha koko, abo , zigwetywe ukuba zibaliswe kwakhona.
Nangona kunjalo, ukugcinwa kwedatha yenye yeziseko zenzululwazi kunye nenzululwazi, kwaye yenza isiseko semisebenzi emininzi yoncwadi. Inkqubo yokujonga emva ukuzama ukuqikelela ikamva inemfundo, okanye ubuncinane eyonwabisayo, icandelo kuyo, ngoko ke makhe sijonge emva kwiingcamango ezisibhozo zexesha elizayo lokugcinwa kwedatha, ezinye zazo eziye zahlala ixesha elide. , ngoxa abanye bephulukene nawo onke amasuntswana abo.
Ukugcinwa okumanzi
Kutheni ubhala isixa esikhulu sedatha kwisixhobo xa unokusikrazula entlokweni yomntu?
Kulo cwangciso lokugcina, ulwazi lubhalwa kwiintloko zabantu abangabonakaliyo-kwaye ngoko ke abavumanga-abantu, njengoKaputeni uPicard kwi-Star Trek: Isiqendu esilandelayo "Ukukhanya Ngaphakathi" kunye noChuck Bartowski kwichungechunge elithi "Chuck", eyavela ne "Intersect".
Kukwafanelekile ukukhumbula i-9-year-old protagonist ye-1968-69 ye-puppet series yaseBritani u-Joe 90, obuchopho bakhe baphonswa ngezakhono kunye nolwazi usebenzisa isixhobo esasungulwa nguyise (esidalwe ngaphandle kokulawulwa kokuziphatha). UJoe ufakwe kuluhlu lwabantu abangazange bavume ukusebenza, kuba abantu abaneminyaka eyi-9 abanalo olu khetho. Ubawo uJoe kufuneka aye entolongweni kunye/okanye esihogweni.
Ukongeza, kwenzeka ukuba idatha iphonswe kwiintloko zabantu ngemvume yabo epheleleyo, njengakwimeko kaNeo evela "kwiMatrix" okanye oonodoli abavela ""Kwaye bekukho noGqirha Morbius ovela"". Ngaba ufuna ukubiza izilo ezisuka kwi-subconscious? Kuba oku kwenziwa ngokusetyenziswa kwabantu njengabathwali bolwazi.
Kwaye kuphela uJohnny Mnemonic unenkqubo yokugcina ulwazi lomzimba olwakhiwe entloko yakhe, ekubeni kwihlabathi likaWilliam Gibson, umntu ukhangeleka njengendlela ethembekileyo nekhuselekileyo yokuthutha kunekhompyutheni elula. Mhlawumbi-kodwa andifuni ukuba sezihlangwini zakhe ngexesha lokujonga ukhuseleko kwisikhululo seenqwelomoya.
Kutheni ukugcinwa kwenkulungwane ye-XNUMX kungcono
Ingqondo yenziwe ngamaqhekeza athambileyo. Kwaye iziqwenga ezithambileyo zilugcino olungafezekanga lolwazi, oluvumela iimvakalelo ukuba zitshintshe ulwazi olungenayo okanye oluphumayo. Kananjalo awukwazi ukuxhasa abantu — ubuncinci okwangoku.
Ikhompyuter (ekuhlaleni okanye efini) igcina idatha kwiitshiphu zesilicon. Kwaye nangona zingenako ukubizwa ngokuba zingenasiphako, ukukhululeka kunye nokucaca kokukopa kuqinisekisa ukuba awukho sesichengeni kumncedisi onokuthi ngequbuliso agqibe ukuba akafuni ukuthetha nawe namhlanje, okanye anxibe idyasi yomsele kwaye uzibuze ngenyani. zamacephe.
Brute amandla memory
Amandla engqondo yomntu okukhumbula ayamangalisa. Ubuchule bakhe bokwenza izigqibo kunye nokuqiqa bulungelelaniswe ukufumana iziphumo kulwazi olugciniweyo. Ingqondo yomntu ikwagqwesa ekwenzeni izigqibo ezisekelwe kulwazi olungaphelelanga; Emva kwayo yonke loo nto, oku, emva kwayo yonke into, inethiwekhi ye-neural ihlupheka, iyavunywa, ukusuka kwi-hangover kunye nokubiza emsebenzini ukucela ixesha lokuphumla emva kokwenza izigqibo ezininzi zobomi eziphikisanayo ngobusuku.
Ngowe-1984, uWinston Smith wankqaya iindinyana ezisezincwadini. KwiFahrenheit 451, abantu abaninzi bazinkqaya iincwadi. Kwaye, ngokungafaniyo nabalinganiswa becandelo langaphambili, akukho namnye kubo owafunxa ulwazi ngomlingo. Kwakufuneka basebenzise amandla obuchopho. Ewe, le ngenye indlela "yokugcinwa okumanzi", kuphela ukusebenzisa i-API yasekuqaleni yokudluliselwa kwedatha, kunye nazo zonke izinto ezingalunganga (ukungasebenzi kakuhle kunye nephutha) kunye neenzuzo (ezingavunyelwanga ziikomiti zokuziphatha).
Ukubanjiswa: Ekuqaleni bendicinga ukuba iiMentats zaseDune, ngokukwazi kwazo ukukhumbula nokwenza izibalo, zingangena kolu didi. Kodwa amazwi abo atyhila yonke into: “Ngokuzithandela kuphela, ndiya kuyenza ingqondo yam ihambe. Ngenxa yejusi yeSappho, iingcamango zifumana isantya, imilomo ithatha umbala ohlukileyo, umbala uba sisilumkiso. Ngentando yodwa ndiya kuyimisa ingqondo yam. " Oko kukuthi, bakhumbula ngoncedo lwejusi ye-sappho, kunye nombhali weskripthi kunye nomlawuli uDavid Lynch wasiqambela amanga.
Ezi zixhobo zolwazi zeSF azijongi kwikamva lokunkqaya iincwadi. Bafunda ulwazi ngendlela abantu banamhlanje abafunda ngayo , usebenzisa iteknoloji ebizwa ngokuba "".
Kutheni ukugcinwa kwenkulungwane ye-XNUMX kungcono
Ingqondo yomntu iyakwazi idatha. Ababoneleli bokugcinwa kwamafu baya kukunika iipetabytes ezininzi njengoko ucela - vele uhlawule. Njengoko uPhilip K. Dick waxela kwangaphambili, banokukhumbula yonke into kuwe.
Iikhompyuter ngaphandle kwelifu
I-HAL 9000, igumbi lomncedisi elivela kwisiqephu se-Black Mirror "i-San Junipero", i-R2-D2, kunye ne-Imperial archive planet Scariff esuka kwi-Rogue One yonke isebenze njengeendawo zokugcina zendawo zedatha ye-Death Star kunye nezicwangciso. Ukugcina idatha kwikhompyuter yakho okanye isixhobo sakho sogcino sisithethe ekudala simi, sibuyela emva ekufikeni kweekhompyuter zobuqu. Ungaluhoyi nje olo loyiko lubandayo lokuba kuya kwenzeka ntoni ukuba iinkqubo zakho aziphumelelanga okanye unqunyulwe emhlabeni ngengozi, ngobubi, okanye ngequbuliso ukuzazi nge-AI.
Ngazo zonke ezo khompyutha ze-sci-fi kunye ne-droids ezisebenza njengeendawo zokugcina iinyaniso, ubuntu, kunye neengoma ezifana neBhayisikile eyakhelwe iZibini, ukufikelela ngokwasemzimbeni kwizixhobo kuyafuneka ukuze ufumane ulwazi oludingayo.
Ubuncinci siyathemba ukuba kunjalo ngeeseva zeSan Junipero apho izazisi zigcinwa khona. Andifuni nokucinga ukuba ngekwenzeke ntoni kubo ukuba umgeki othile okhohlakeleyo wayethathe isigqibo sokwazisa i-1987 emsulwa kwihlabathi lanamhlanje.
Kutheni ukugcinwa kwenkulungwane ye-XNUMX kungcono
Ukhuseleko ngokwasemzimbeni luphelelwe lixesha kule minyaka ilishumi idlulileyo. Ewe, kwezinye iimeko, ukugcinwa kwangasese okanye "ukungaxhunywanga" kwi-intanethi kulungile, kwaye ewe, kukho iinkonzo zefu zendawo. Kodwa ubukhulu becala, akufuneki ube nexhala malunga nokufikelela ngokwasemzimbeni kwisiseko solwazi senkampani yakho.
Ukugcinwa kwamafu kuchasene nale nto kuyo yonke ingqiqo esisiseko; idatha yakho ihlakazwe ngokwasemzimbeni kuzo zonke iiseva kunye namaziko edatha. Ufuna kuphela uqhagamshelo ukuze ufikelele kuzo. Ukugcina idatha ebuthathaka kwilifu akuyongxaki nje ukuba uyifihla kwaye izitshixo zabucala zihlala ziyimfihlo. Yongeza izitshixo ze-API ukulawula ukufikelela kwidatha, kwaye awuyi kuba nexhala malunga nomntu ovuza izicwangciso zakho eziyimfihlo kwi-flagship yemvukelo edlulayo.
Ngcono nangakumbi, awuyi kuba nexhala malunga ne-R2-D2 ekukhohlisela ekususeni intonga yakhe yokuthintela.
Igama eliprintiweyo
Ibali lakudala "" kunye ne-Star Trek ehambelanayo: isiqendu seVoyager "engenakulibaleka" yabelana ngenkalo engaqhelekanga: indlela ekhethwayo yokugcina idatha. Kuzo zombini iimeko, abalinganiswa bagcina idatha ngendlela yakudala: ngokubhala. KwiVoyager, iChakotay irekhode iinkumbulo zomntu othandekayo. ngaphambi kokuba , njengokuba waqala ukumlibala; kwi-Passion for Leibowitz, uLeibowitz wabhala phantsi uluhlu lweevenkile olwaba sisicatshulwa esingcwele.
Kwaye ngelixa ukubhala kuyeyona ndlela ibalaseleyo yonxibelelwano, igama elishicilelweyo kuphela emva kokuba iincwadi ezishicilelwe ngobuninzi baqalisa ukuwela ezandleni zikawonke wonke. Kodwa le ncwadi ithandwayo ineziphene zokwenene. Umzekelo, imiqulu emidala inokutshabalala kwaye inokubangela ukungezwani komzimba nezinto ezithile. Iincwadi zonakaliswa lula ngamanzi, umlilo kunye .
Kutheni ukugcinwa kwenkulungwane ye-XNUMX kungcono
Iincwadi ziyinto entle kakhulu, kodwa zininzi kakhulu onokuthi uziphathe ude ube nediski ye-herniated. Ungagcina umbhalo ukusuka efini, kwaye awuyi kuphinda uzibuze ukuba i-inshurensi iya kugubungela i-laparoscopy. Enkosi, ugcino lwamafu!
Amakristali
Ingcamango yokukwazi ukugcina idatha kwi-lattice yexesha, apho idatha ingagcinwa ngendlela yeeprisms, ikhangeleka kakhulu, nokuba i-SF ecocekileyo. IiHolocrons kunye needathacrons kwi-Star Wars. Iikristale zolwazi eBhabhiloni 5. Iikristale zememori ye-Asgardian ezivela kwi-Stargate. Iikristale zememori kaSuperman, ukugcina uninzi lolwazi lweKryptonians, kunye nemiba katata.
Nangona kunjalo, i-crystal computing inokwandisa ngokukhawuleza ngaphaya kohlobo lwe-sci-fi. Abaphandi abavela eOstreliya ulwazi kwi-nanocrystals usebenzisa i-lasers. Ezi nanocrystals zesikali sebhubhoratri nazo zisebenza ngamandla kwaye zinokugcina iipetabytes zedatha kwityhubhu encinci.
Awunakuyicinga enye into ye-sci-fi. Kodwa kwangaxeshanye, yonke into iyinyani.
Kutheni ukugcinwa kwenkulungwane ye-XNUMX kungcono
Ipropati eqhelekileyo yokugcina i-crystalline media yindlela entle esasaza ngayo xa iwa. Ngokumalunga nophuhliso lwesicwangciso, ukuba i-crystal ibonakala kuyo, ngoko ubuthathaka bayo ngokuqinisekileyo buya kuba yinye yezinto ekuphuhlisweni kwesakhiwo. Isenokuba yitekhnoloji yekamva, kodwa ithobela imithetho kaMurphy njengayo nayiphi na enye. Ke oku akusiyo enye indawo yokugcina ilifu, kodwa ilifu eliphuculweyo eligcwele iikristale. Ngokombono wakho, ngcono kwaye ngokukhawuleza ugcino lusebenza, lungcono, kwaye awukhathali malunga neenkcukacha zokuphunyezwa kwayo ngokude nje kungekho mntu uwisayo.
Itekhnoloji yeNanocrystal ingekahambi ngaphaya kwebhubhoratri. Kwaye ke i-nanocrystals iya kukwazi ukutshintsha i-silicon njengesiseko sokugcinwa kwamafu. Yasebenza kunye namaKryptonians.
Iinkqubo zokugcina ulwazi lokwenyani
Nangona icebo"" yaphuhliswa ngo-1997, umboniso wasebenzisa amakhadi e-punch, afana nalawo abadwelisi beprogram abawasebenzisayo xa kwakufotwa ngo-1965-68. Iteyiphu ekwincwadi kaMargaret Atwood ethi The Handmaid's Tale ikwafana naleyo yadlala kwiikhasethi zethu kwi-1985 Umncedisi. igumbi kwiRogue One ayahlukanga kangako kwezi zanamhlanje, nangona zikhangeleka zoyikeka ngokwemigaqo yoyilo.
Zonke ezi ndlela zasebenza kakuhle ngexesha kunye nendawo yazo. Kodwa ngokunyuka kogcino lwamafu ekuqaleni koo-2010, akukho sizathu sokuba ungayigcini imeyile yakudala esuka kwabakwa exes kwindawo onokuyifumana emva kweglasi yakho yesithathu emhlophe.
Kutheni ukugcinwa kwenkulungwane ye-XNUMX kungcono
Mhlawumbi akunjalo. Ugcino oluchaziweyo lweSoftware lolona phuhliso lutsha ebaleni, nangona njengelifu ngokwalo, ayitshintshi itekhnoloji yokugcina - indlela imidiya ekhoyo esetyenziswa ngayo. Ngenkulungwane ye-XNUMX, siya kubhala amanqaku malunga nendlela ukugcinwa kwe-software-defined ingaphantsi kwe-crystals ye-Kryptonian.
Ugcino oludala olutsha
Eyona ndlela ipholileyo yokugcina idatha kwi-SF ivele kwi-animated series The Batman ukusuka kwi-2004-2008. Kwisiqendu esithi "Artifacts", uMnumzana Freeze uceba ukuvuka ebuthongweni be-cryogenic kwiminyaka eyi-1000. UBatman uyazi ukuba kuya kufuneka akhusele uGotham, nangona uya kuba efile. Ngoko uBatman wakrola iresiphi ye-antifreeze eludongeni, kwaye ekubeni wayesazi ukuba kwiikhomputha ezizayo aziyi kukwazi ukufunda ikhowudi yakhe, wabhala yonke ifomula kwikhowudi yokubini.
Ayibobulumko nje, bubulumko obugqithisileyo.
Kutheni ukugcinwa kwenkulungwane ye-XNUMX kungcono
Akukho nto ingcono kunoBatman.
Ukugcinwa okungahleliwe
Ayizizo zonke iindlela zokugcina idatha ezithintelweyo kwiikhompyuter. "Ucingo", isiqendu seOuter Limits esinesihloko esithi "Idemon enesandla seGlasi". I-screwdriver kaGqirha ye-sonic "UkuThula kweThala leencwadi" kunye "nehlathi labafileyo". Ukhozo lwesanti kwisiqendu "Ibali loBomi Bakho" kuthotho lweTV yeBlack Mirror.
Kwaye kuhle. Iintsomi zenzululwazi zihlala zisebenza njengokwazisa ngetekhnoloji. Ukuba besingenabo abaqikeleli abacinga ukuba kuya kuba kuhle kangakanani na okuvelisiweyo kwixesha elizayo, ngekhe sibe neenkwili, iiselfowuni, okanye i-QuickTime.
Kutheni ukugcinwa kwenkulungwane ye-XNUMX kungcono
Iinkqubo zokugcina ezikhethekileyo ezenzelwe injongo ethile, enye ipholile kwaye inomdla, kodwa ayihambelani. Inkqubo yokugcina akufuneki ibe yinto ekhethekileyo, kufuneka ibe yinto ekruqulayo. Yinto oyenzayo ngayo eyona nto ibalulekileyo. Yiloo nto kanye eyenziwa ngukugcinwa kwelifu: ukunika ufikelelo oluqhubekayo kwidatha xa wena nabasebenzisi bakho niyifuna.
wathi: “Ukungaguquguquki kobudenge yinkolelo yeengqondo ezincinci.” Nangona kunjalo, ukuthembeka yinto eyenziwa yi-empires, utopias kunye nemibutho emikhulu.
umthombo: www.habr.com