Ulwakhiwo lweziko ledatha luthathwa njengenye yamashishini akhula ngokukhawuleza. Inkqubela phambili kulo mmandla inkulu kakhulu, kodwa ingaba kukho naziphi na izisombululo zetekhnoloji eziza kuvela kwimarike kungekudala ngumbuzo omkhulu. Namhlanje siza kuzama ukuqwalasela iindlela eziphambili ezintsha ekuphuhliseni ukwakhiwa kweziko ledatha yehlabathi ukuze siphendule.
Ikhosi kwi-Hyperscale
Ukuphuhliswa kobuchwepheshe bolwazi kuye kwakhokelela kwisidingo sokwakha amaziko amakhulu kakhulu edatha. Ngokusisiseko, isiseko se-hyperscale siyafuneka ngababoneleli ngenkonzo yelifu kunye nenethiwekhi yoluntu: iAmazon, iMicrosoft, IBM, iGoogle kunye nabanye abadlali abakhulu. Ngo-Aprili 2017 ehlabathini Kukho i-320 amaziko edatha anjalo, kwaye ngoDisemba sele sele i-390. Ngo-2020, inani lamaziko edatha ye-hyperscale kufuneka likhule libe yi-500, ngokwezibikezelo zeengcali zoPhando lwe-Synergy. Uninzi lwala maziko edatha afumaneka e-United States, kwaye lo mkhwa usaqhubeka, nangona isantya esikhawulezayo sokwakhiwa kwingingqi ye-Asia-Pacific, Cisco Systems abahlalutyi.
Onke amaziko edatha ye-hyperscale ahlangene kwaye awarenti indawo yokubeka. Zisetyenziselwa ukwenza amafu oluntu anxulumene ne-Intanethi yezinto kunye netekhnoloji yobukrelekrele bokwenziwa, iinkonzo, kunye nakwezinye iindawo apho kusetyenzwa imithamo emikhulu yedatha. Abanini bazama ngenkuthalo ukonyuka koxinzelelo lwamandla kwirack nganye, iiseva zentsimbi engenanto, ukupholisa ulwelo, ukonyusa ubushushu kumagumbi ekhompyuter kunye nezisombululo ezahlukeneyo ezikhethekileyo. Ngenxa yokwanda kokuthandwa kweenkonzo zefu, i-Hyperscale iya kuba ngumqhubi oyintloko wokukhula kweshishini kwixesha elizayo elibonakalayo: apha unokulindela ukuvela kwezisombululo ezinomdla zobuchwepheshe ezivela kubavelisi abahamba phambili bezixhobo ze-IT kunye neenkqubo zobunjineli.
Edge Computing
Omnye umkhwa ophawulekayo uchasene ngqo: kwiminyaka yakutshanje, inani elikhulu lamaziko edatha amancinci akhiwe. Ngokutsho koPhando kunye neeMakethi uqikelelo, le marike ukusuka kwi-2 yeebhiliyoni zeedola ngo-2017 ukuya kwi-8 yeebhiliyoni zeedola ngo-2022. Oku kunxulunyaniswa nophuhliso lwe-Intanethi yeZinto kunye ne-Intanethi ye-Intanethi yeZinto. Amaziko amakhulu edatha abekwe kude kakhulu kwiinkqubo zenkqubo ye-automation ye-site. Benza imisebenzi engadingi fundo kwisigidi ngasinye sezivamvo. Kungcono ukuqhubela phambili ukusetyenzwa kwedatha esisiseko apho iveliswa khona, kwaye emva koko uthumele ulwazi oluluncedo ecaleni kwendlela ezinde ukuya efini. Ukuchaza le nto, kuqulunqwe igama elikhethekileyo - edge computing. Ngokombono wethu, le yindlela yesibini ebalulekileyo ekuphuhliseni ukwakhiwa kwamaziko edatha, okukhokelela ekuveleni kweemveliso ezintsha kwiimarike.
Idabi le-PUE
Amaziko amakhulu edatha asebenzisa izixa ezikhulu zombane kwaye avelisa ubushushu ekufuneka bubuyiselwe ngandlela ithile. Iinkqubo zokupholisa zemveli zifikelela kwi-40% yokusetyenziswa kwamandla kwiziko, kwaye kumlo wokunciphisa iindleko zamandla, iicompressor zefriji zibhekwa njengotshaba oluphambili. Izisombululo ezikuvumela ukuba ukwale ngokupheleleyo okanye ngokuyinxenye ukuzisebenzisa zifumana ukuthandwa. free-ukupholisa. Kwiskimu se-classical, iinkqubo ze-chiller zisetyenziswa ngamanzi okanye izisombululo zamanzi ze-polyhydric alcohols (glycols) njengento yokupholisa. Ngexesha lokubanda, iyunithi ye-compressor-condensing unit ye-chiller ayivuli, enciphisa kakhulu iindleko zamandla. Izisombululo ezinomdla ngakumbi zisekelwe kwisekethe ye-air-to-air ye-dual-circuit kunye okanye ngaphandle kokutshintsha ubushushu obujikelezayo kunye necandelo lokupholisa i-adiabatic. Uvavanyo lukwaqhutywa ngokupholisa ngokuthe ngqo ngomoya wangaphandle, kodwa ezi zisombululo akunakufane zibizwe ngokuba zintsha. Njengeenkqubo zeklasikhi, zibandakanya ukupholisa umoya kwezixhobo ze-IT, kwaye umda wezobuchwepheshe wokusebenza kakuhle kweso sikimu sele ufikeleleke.
Ukwehliswa okungaphezulu kwi-PUE (umlinganiselo wokusetyenziswa kwamandla apheleleyo kusetyenziso lwamandla ezixhobo ze-IT) kuya kuvela kwiinkqubo zokupholisa ulwelo ezifumana ukuthandwa. Apha kufanelekile ukukhumbula leyo yasungulwa nguMicrosoft ukwenza iimodyuli zedatha yamaziko angaphantsi kwamanzi, kunye nengqikelelo kaGoogle yamaziko edatha adadayo. Iingcamango zetekhnoloji ezinkulu zisekude nokuphunyezwa kwemizi-mveliso, kodwa iinkqubo zokupholisa ulwelo ezingaphantsi kumnandi sele zisebenza kwizinto ezahlukeneyo ukusuka kwi-Top500 supercomputers ukuya kumaziko edatha encinci.
Ngexesha lokupholisa koqhagamshelwano, ii-sinks ezikhethekileyo zokushisa zifakwe kwisixhobo, ngaphakathi apho ulwelo lujikeleza khona. Iinkqubo zokupholisa zokuntywila zisebenzisa i-dielectric working fluid (ngokuqhelekileyo i-oyile yeminerali) kwaye inokuyilwa njengesitya esitywiniweyo esiqhelekileyo okanye njengezindlu zomntu ngamnye kwiimodyuli zekhompyutha. Iinkqubo zokubilisa (izigaba ezibini) ekuqaleni ziyafana neenkqubo ezingaphantsi kwamanzi. Bakwasebenzisa ulwelo lwe-dielectric xa benxibelelana nombane, kodwa kukho umahluko osisiseko - ulwelo olusebenzayo luqala ukubila kumaqondo obushushu amalunga nama-34 Β°C (okanye ngaphezulu kancinci). Ukusuka kwikhosi yefiziksi siyazi ukuba inkqubo yenzeka ngokufunxwa kwamandla, iqondo lobushushu liyayeka ukunyuka kwaye ngokufudumeza ngakumbi ulwelo luyaba ngumphunga, oko kukuthi inguqu yesigaba iyenzeka. Phezulu kwesitya esivaliweyo, umphunga udibana ne-radiator kunye ne-condense, kwaye amaconsi abuyela kwindawo yokugcina amanzi. Iinkqubo zokupholisa ulwelo zinokufikelela kumaxabiso amangalisayo e-PUE (malunga ne-1,03), kodwa zifuna uhlengahlengiso olunzulu kwizixhobo zekhompyuter kunye nentsebenziswano phakathi kwabavelisi. Namhlanje zibhekwa njengezona zinto zintsha kwaye zithembisa.
Iziphumo
Ukudala amaziko edatha anamhlanje, iindlela ezininzi ezinomdla zobuchwepheshe ziye zaqulunqwa. Abavelisi banikezela ngezisombululo ezihlanganisiweyo ze-hyperconverged, uthungelwano oluchazwe kwisoftware luyakhiwa, kwaye namaziko edatha ngokwawo aba achazwa yisoftware. Ukwandisa ukusebenza kakuhle kwezibonelelo, abafaki kuphela iinkqubo zokupholisa ezintsha, kodwa kunye ne-DCIM-class hardware kunye nezisombululo zesofthiwe, ezivumela ukulungelelanisa ukusebenza kweziseko zobunjineli ngokusekelwe kwidatha evela kwiinzwa ezininzi. Ezinye izinto ezintsha ziyasilela ukufezekisa isithembiso sazo. Izisombululo ze-container zemodyuli, umzekelo, azikwazanga ukubuyisela amaziko edatha yemveli eyenziwe ngekhonkrithi okanye izakhiwo zetsimbi ezenziwe ngaphambili, nangona zisetyenziswa ngokusebenzayo apho amandla ekhompyutheni kufuneka ahanjiswe ngokukhawuleza. Ngexesha elifanayo, amaziko edatha yemveli ngokwawo abe yimodyuli, kodwa kwinqanaba elihluke ngokupheleleyo. Inkqubela phambili kwishishini ikhawuleza kakhulu, nangona ngaphandle kokutsiba kwetekhnoloji - izinto ezintsha esizikhankanyileyo zaqala ukubonakala kwintengiso kwiminyaka eliqela eyadlulayo. I-2019 ayiyi kuba yinto eyahlukileyo kule ngqiqo kwaye ayiyi kuzisa impumelelo ecacileyo. Kwixesha ledijithali, kwaneyona nto iqanjwe kakhulu ngokukhawuleza iba sisisombululo esiqhelekileyo sobugcisa.
umthombo: www.habr.com