Kutheni le nto inkampani efana neMegaFon idinga iTarantool ekuhlawuleni? Ukusuka ngaphandle kubonakala ngathi umthengisi udla ngokuza, ezisa uhlobo oluthile lwebhokisi enkulu, iplagi iplagi kwisokethi-kwaye yintlawulo! Le yayikade iyimeko, kodwa ngoku iyinto yakudala, kwaye iidinosaur ezinjalo sele zingasekho okanye ziyaphela. Ekuqaleni, amatyala yinkqubo yokukhupha ii-invoyisi - umatshini wokubala okanye isixhobo sokubala. Kwii-telecoms zanamhlanje oku I-automation system yawo wonke umjikelo wobomi wonxibelelwano kunye nobhalisi ukusuka ekugqityweni kwekhontrakthi ukuya ekuphelisweni, kubandakanywa ukuhlawula kwexesha langempela, ukwamkelwa kwentlawulo kunye nokunye okuninzi. Ukuhlawula kwiinkampani zonxibelelwano kufana nerobhothi yokulwa - enkulu, inamandla kwaye ilayishwe izixhobo.
Ngaba iTarantool inento yokwenza nayo? Baza kuthetha ngayo Oleg Ivlev ΠΈ UAndrey Knyazev. U-Oleg ungumyili oyintloko wenkampani onamava abanzi okusebenza kwiinkampani zangaphandle, u-Andrey ngumlawuli weenkqubo zoshishino. Ukusuka kumbhalo wengxelo yabo kwi uya kufunda ukuba kutheni i-R&D ifuneka kumaqumrhu, yintoni iTarantool, indlela ukusilela kokukalwa ngokuthe nkqo kunye nokudityaniswa kwehlabathi kuye kwaba yimfuneko yokubonakala kwesi siseko sedatha kwinkampani, malunga nemingeni yetekhnoloji, ukuguqulwa kwezakhiwo, kunye nendlela iMegaFon's technostack efana ngayo neNetflix. , Google kunye neAmazon.
Iprojekthi "Intlawulo eManyeneyo"
Iprojekthi ekuthethwa ngayo ibizwa ngokuba βyiNgxowa-mali eManyeneyoβ. Kulapha apho iTarantool yabonisa khona iimpawu zayo ezintle.
Ukukhula kwemveliso yezixhobo ze-Hi-End akuzange kuhambelane nokukhula kwesiseko sababhalisi kunye nokukhula kwenani leenkonzo ezikhulayo kwinani lababhalisi kunye neenkonzo bekulindeleke ngenxa ye-M2M, i-IoT, kunye neempawu zesebe ezikhokelwayo Ukuwohloka kwexesha ukuya kwintengiso. Inkampani yagqiba ekubeni yenze inkqubo yoshishino emanyeneyo enemodyuli ekhethekileyo yehlabathi, endaweni ye-8 yangoku yeenkqubo ezahlukeneyo zokuhlawula.
IMegaFon ziinkampani ezisibhozo kwenye. Ngo-2009, uhlengahlengiso lwagqitywa: amasebe kulo lonke elaseRashiya ahlanganiswe kwinkampani enye, iMegaFon OJSC (ngoku eyi-PJSC). Ngaloo ndlela, inkampani ineenkqubo ze-8 zokuhlawula kunye nezisombululo zabo "zesiko", iimpawu zesebe kunye nezakhiwo ezahlukeneyo zentlangano, i-IT kunye nokuthengisa.
Yonke into yayilungile de kwafuneka siqalise imveliso enye eqhelekileyo. Apha kuye kwavela ubunzima obuninzi: kwabanye, iintlawulo ziyarhangqwa, ezinye zijikelezwe phantsi, kwaye kwabanye - ngokusekelwe kwi-arithmetic mean. Kukho amawaka ezihlandlo ezinjalo.
Ngaphandle kwento yokuba kukho inguqulelo enye kuphela yenkqubo yokuhlawula, omnye umthengisi, iisetingi zahlukana kakhulu kangangokuba kwathatha ixesha elide ukudibanisa. Sizamile ukunciphisa inani labo, kwaye sadibana nengxaki yesibini eqhelekileyo kwiinkampani ezininzi.
Ukukala ngokuthe nkqo. Kwanezona zixhobo zipholileyo ngelo xesha azizange zihlangabezane neemfuno. Sasebenzisa izixhobo ze-Hewlett-Packard ukusuka kumgca we-Superdome Hi-End, kodwa ayizange ihlangabezane neemfuno zamasebe amabini. Ndandifuna ukulinganisa okuthe tye ngaphandle kweendleko ezinkulu zokusebenza kunye notyalo-mali olukhulu.
Ukulindela ukukhula kwinani lababhalisi kunye neenkonzo. Abacebisi baye bazisa amabali malunga ne-IoT kunye ne-M2M kwihlabathi le-telecom: ixesha liya kufika xa yonke ifowuni kunye nentsimbi iya kuba nekhadi le-SIM, kunye neembini kwifriji. Namhlanje sinenani elinye lababhalisi, kodwa kwixesha elizayo elingekude kuya kubakho abaninzi.
Imingeni yezobuchwepheshe
Ezi zizathu zine zasikhuthaza ukuba senze iinguqulelo ezinzulu. Kwakukho ukhetho phakathi kokuphucula inkqubo kunye nokuyila ukusuka ekuqaleni. Sacinga ixesha elide, sathatha izigqibo ezinzulu, sadlala iithenda. Ngenxa yoko, sagqiba ekubeni siyile kwasekuqaleni, kwaye sithathe imingeni enomdla - imingeni yetekhnoloji.
Ukubaleka
Ukuba bekunjalo ngaphambili, masithi, masithi Iibhilidi ezisi-8 kubabhalisi abazizigidi ezili-15, kwaye ngoku bekufanele ukuba isebenzile Ababhalisi bezigidi ezili-100 nangaphezulu - umthwalo ngumyalelo wobukhulu obuphezulu.
Siye sathelekiseka ngokomlinganiselo kubadlali abakhulu be-Intanethi abanjengoMail.ru okanye iNetflix.
Kodwa intshukumo eyongezelelekileyo yokunyusa umthwalo kunye nesiseko sobhaliso isibeke imiceli mngeni enzima kuthi.
IJografi yelizwe lethu elikhulu
Phakathi kweKaliningrad kunye neVladivostok I-7500 km kunye neendawo zamaxesha ezili-10. Isantya sokukhanya sinomda kwaye kwimigama enjalo ulibaziseko sele lubalulekile. I-150 ms kwezona tshaneli zipholileyo zale mihla zininzi kakhulu ekubhatalweni kwexesha lokwenyani, ngakumbi njengoko kunjalo ngoku kwi-telecom eRussia. Ukongeza, kufuneka uhlaziywe ngosuku olunye lweshishini, kunye neendawo ezahlukeneyo zexesha le ngxaki.
Asiboneleli nje ngeenkonzo zomrhumo, sineerhafu ezintsonkothileyo, iipakethi, kunye nezilungisi ezahlukeneyo. Kufuneka singavumeli kuphela okanye sikhanyele umrhumi ukuba athethe, kodwa simnike isabelo esithile - ukubala iifowuni kunye nezenzo ngexesha langempela ukuze angaboni.
ukunyamezela iimpazamo
Eli lelinye icala le-centralization.
Ukuba siqokelela bonke ababhalisi kwinkqubo enye, ngoko naziphi na iziganeko ezingxamisekileyo kunye neentlekele ziyingozi kwishishini. Ngoko ke, siyila inkqubo ngendlela yokuphelisa impembelelo yeengozi kwisiseko sonke somrhumo.
Oku kwakhona sisiphumo sokwala ukukala ngokuthe nkqo. Xa silinganisa ngokuthe tye, sandise inani leeseva ukusuka kumakhulu ukuya kumawaka. Kufuneka zilawulwe kwaye zitshintshwe, zixhaswe ngokuzenzekelayo iziseko ze-IT kunye nokubuyisela inkqubo esasazwayo.
Sajamelana nocelomngeni olubangelβ umdla. Siyile inkqubo, kwaye ngalo mzuzu sizame ukufumana ezona zenzo zibalaseleyo zehlabathi ukujonga ukuba sikwimeko enjani, silandela kangakanani ubugcisa obuphambili.
Amava ehlabathi
Okumangalisayo kukuba, asizange sifumane enye ireferensi kwi-telecom yehlabathi.
IYurophu iwile ngokwenani lababhalisi kunye nesikali, i-USA - ngokubhekiselele kwi-flatness yeerhafu zayo. Siye sajonga ezinye eTshayina, safumana ezinye eIndiya kwaye saqesha iingcali ezivela kwiVodafone India.
Ukuhlalutya uyilo, sihlanganise iQela lePhupha elikhokelwa yi-IBM - abayili bezakhiwo abavela kwimimandla eyahlukeneyo. Aba bantu banokuhlola ngokwaneleyo into esiyenzayo kwaye bazise ulwazi oluthile kuyilo lwethu.
Isikali
Amanani ambalwa omzekeliso.
Siyila inkqubo Ababhalisi bezigidi ezingama-80 abanogcino lwebhiliyoni enye. Le yindlela esisusa ngayo imida yexesha elizayo. Oku akubangelwa kukuba siza kuthatha i-China, kodwa ngenxa yokuhlaselwa kwe-IoT kunye ne-M2M.
Amaxwebhu azizigidi ezingama-300 enziwe ngexesha lokwenyani. Nangona sinababhalisi abazizigidi ezingama-80, sisebenza nabo bobabini abanokuba ngabaxhasi kunye nabo basishiyileyo ukuba sifuna ukuqokelela iimali ezifunyanwayo. Ngoko ke, imiqulu yokwenyani iyabonakala ukuba mikhulu.
2 yeebhiliyoni zentengiselwano Ibhalansi iyatshintsha imihla ngemihla - ezi ziintlawulo, iintlawulo, iifowuni kunye nezinye iziganeko. I-200 TB yedatha iyatshintsha ngokusebenzayo, tshintsha kancinci kancinci 8 PB yedatha, kwaye oku akusiyo indawo yokugcina, kodwa idatha ephilayo kwintlawulo enye. Ukulinganisa ngokweziko ledatha - 5 amawaka abancedisi kwiindawo ezili-14.
Isitaki setekhnoloji
Xa siceba ukuyila kwaye saqala ukudibanisa inkqubo, sangenisa ngaphandle ezona teknoloji zinomdla kwaye zihamba phambili. Isiphumo sisitaki setekhnoloji eqhelekileyo kuye nawuphi na umdlali we-Intanethi kunye neenkampani ezenza iinkqubo zomthwalo ophezulu.
I-stack ifana ne-stack yabanye abadlali abakhulu: i-Netflix, i-Twitter, i-Viber. Iqulathe amacandelo ama-6, kodwa sifuna ukuyenza mfutshane kwaye siyidibanise.
Ukuguquguquka kulungile, kodwa kwishishini elikhulu akukho ndlela ngaphandle komanyano.
Asiyi kutshintsha i-Oracle efanayo kwiTarantool. Kwiinyani zeenkampani ezinkulu, le yi-utopia, okanye i-crusade ye-5-10 iminyaka kunye nesiphumo esingacacanga. Kodwa iCassandra kunye neCouchbase zinokutshintshwa ngokulula ngeTarantool, kwaye yile nto siyilwelayo.
Kutheni iTarantool?
Kukho iindlela ezi-4 ezilula zokuba kutheni sikhethe le datha.
Ukukhawuleza. Senze iimvavanyo zomthwalo kwiinkqubo zoshishino zeMegaFon. I-Tarantool iphumelele - ibonise ukusebenza kakuhle.
Oku akuthethi ukuba ezinye iinkqubo azihlangabezani neemfuno zeMegaFon. Izisombululo zememori zangoku zinemveliso kangangokuba oovimba benkampani bangaphezulu ngokwaneleyo. Kodwa sinomdla wokujongana nenkokeli, kwaye hayi nomntu osilela ngasemva, kubandakanywa novavanyo lomthwalo.
I-Tarantool igubungela iimfuno zenkampani nakwixesha elide.
ixabiso TCO. Inkxaso yeCouchbase kwi-MegaFon imithamo ixabisa iimali zeenkwenkwezi, kodwa ngeTarantool imeko imnandi kakhulu, kwaye ziyafana ekusebenzeni.
Olunye uphawu oluhle oluphembelele kancinci ukhetho lwethu kukuba iTarantool isebenza ngcono ngememori kunezinye iidatabase. Uyabonisa ukuphumelela okuphezulu.
Ukuthembeka. I-MegaFon ityala imali ekuthembekeni, mhlawumbi ngaphezu kwakhe nabani na. Ngoko xa sijonga iTarantool, saqonda ukuba kufuneka siyenze ihlangabezane neemfuno zethu.
Sityale ixesha lethu kunye nemali, kwaye kunye ne-Mail.ru senze inguqulelo yeshishini, ngoku esetyenziswa kwezinye iinkampani ezininzi.
I-Tarantool-ishishini lanelise ngokupheleleyo ngokwemiqathango yokhuseleko, ukuthembeka, kunye nokugawulwa kwemithi.
Intsebenziswano
Eyona nto ibalulekileyo kum uqhagamshelwano oluthe ngqo nomphuhlisi. Yile nto kanye abafana baseTarantool abanyoba ngayo.
Ukuba uza kumdlali, ngakumbi osebenza nomxhasi we-ankile, kwaye uthi ufuna isiseko sedatha ukuze ukwazi ukwenza oku, oku kunye noku, uhlala ephendula:
- Kulungile, beka iimfuno emazantsi aloo mfumba - ngenye imini, mhlawumbi siya kufika kubo.
Uninzi lunemephu yendlela kwiminyaka eyi-2-3 ezayo, kwaye phantse akunakwenzeka ukudibanisa apho, kodwa abaphuhlisi beTarantool babamba ngokuvuleka kwabo, kwaye kungekhona kuphela kwiMegaFon, kwaye balungise inkqubo yabo kumthengi. Ipholile kwaye siyithanda kakhulu.
Apho sasisebenzisa iTarantool
Sisebenzisa iTarantool kwizinto ezininzi. Eyokuqala ikumqhubi wenqwelomoya, esiyenzileyo kwindlela yolawulo lweedilesi. Ngesinye isikhathi ndandifuna ukuba yinkqubo efana neYandex.Imephu kunye neGoogle Maps, kodwa yavela ngokungafaniyo.
Ngokomzekelo, ikhathalogu yedilesi kwi-interface yokuthengisa. Kwi-Oracle, ukukhangela idilesi oyifunayo kuthatha imizuzwana eyi-12-13. - amanani angakhululekanga. Xa sitshintshela kwi-Tarantool, sitshintshe i-Oracle kwenye i-database kwi-console, kwaye senze uphando olufanayo, sifumana i-speedup ye-200x! Isixeko siyavela emva kweleta yesithathu. Ngoku sihlengahlengisa ujongano ukuze oku kwenzeke emva kweyokuqala. Nangona kunjalo, isantya sokuphendula sahluke ngokupheleleyo - i-millisecond endaweni yemizuzwana.
Isicelo sesibini singumxholo oqhelekileyo obizwa ngokuba yi-IT enesantya ezibini. Oku kungenxa yokuba abacebisi abavela kuzo zonke iikona bathi iinkampani kufuneka ziye khona.
Kukho umaleko weziseko ezingundoqo, ngaphezu kwayo kukho imimandla, umzekelo, inkqubo yokuhlawula njenge-telecom, iinkqubo zenkampani, ingxelo yenkampani. Lo ngundoqo ongadingi kuchukunyiswa. Oko kukuthi, kunjalo, kunokwenzeka, kodwa ngokuqinisekileyo uqinisekisa umgangatho, kuba uzisa imali kwi-corporation.
Okulandelayo kuza umaleko wee-microservices - yintoni eyahlula umqhubi okanye omnye umdlali. Ii-Microservices zinokudalwa ngokukhawuleza ngokusekelwe kwii-cache ezithile, ukuzisa idatha evela kwiindawo ezahlukeneyo apho. Apha indawo yovavanyo - ukuba kukho into engazange isebenze, ndavala enye i-microservice kwaye ndavula enye. Oku kubonelela ngokunyuka kwexesha lokuya kwintengiso kwaye kwandisa ukuthembeka kunye nesantya senkampani.
Microservices mhlawumbi indima ephambili Tarantool kwi MegaFon.
Apho siceba ukusebenzisa iTarantool
Ukuba sithelekisa iprojekthi yethu yokuhlawula ngempumelelo kunye neenkqubo zenguqu kwiDeutsche Telekom, Svyazcom, Vodafone India, iyamangalisa kwaye iyayila. Kwinkqubo yokuphumeza le projekthi, kungekhona kuphela iMegaFon kunye nesakhiwo sayo satshintshwa, kodwa kwakhona i-Tarantool-enterprise yabonakala kwi-Mail.ru, kunye nomthengisi wethu u-Nexign (owayekade engu-Peter-Service) - Ibhokisi le-BSS (isisombululo sokuhlawula ibhokisi).
Oku, ngandlela thile, yiprojekthi yembali kwimarike yaseRussia. Inokufaniswa noko kuchazwe kwincwadi ethi βThe Mythical Man-Monthβ kaFrederick Brooks. Emva koko, kwiminyaka engama-60, i-IBM iqeshe abantu abayi-360 ukuphuhlisa inkqubo entsha ye-OS/5 ye-mainframes. Sine-000 engaphantsi, kodwa yethu i-vesti, kwaye sithathela ingqalelo ukusetyenziswa komthombo ovulekileyo kunye neendlela ezintsha, sisebenza ngokunemveliso.
Ngezantsi yimimandla yokuhlawula okanye, ukuthetha ngokubanzi, iinkqubo zoshishino. Abantu abavela kwishishini bayazi kakuhle iCRM. Wonke umntu kufuneka sele enezinye iinkqubo: Vula i-API, i-API Gateway.
Vula API
Makhe sijonge amanani kwakhona kunye nendlela Open API isebenza ngoku. Umthwalo wayo I-10 yentengiselwano ngomzuzwana. Ekubeni siceba ukuphuhlisa ngokusebenzayo i-microservices layer kunye nokwakha i-API yoluntu ye-MegaFon, silindele ukukhula okukhulu kwixesha elizayo kule nxalenye. Ngokuqinisekileyo kuya kubakho i-100 yentengiselwano.
Andazi ukuba sinokuthelekisa ne-Mail.ru kwi-SSO - abafana babonakala bene-1 yokuthengiselana ngesibini. Isisombululo sabo sinomdla kakhulu kuthi kwaye siceba ukwamkela amava abo - umzekelo, ukwenza i-SSO backup esebenzayo usebenzisa iTarantool. Ngoku abaphuhlisi abavela kwi-Mail.ru basenzela oku.
CRM
I-CRM iyafana nababhalisi bezigidi ezingama-80 esifuna ukwandisa ukuya kwibhiliyoni, kuba sele kukho amaxwebhu ezigidi ezingama-300 abandakanya imbali yeminyaka emithathu. Ngokwenene sijonge phambili kwiinkonzo ezintsha kwaye apha indawo yokukhula ziinkonzo eziqhagamshelweyo. Le yibhola eya kukhula, kuba kuya kubakho iinkonzo ezininzi. Ngokufanelekileyo, siya kufuna ibali; asifuni kukhubeka kule nto.
Ukuzihlawulisa ngokwako malunga nokukhupha ii-invoyisi, ukusebenza ngee-akhawunti zabathengi ezifunyenweyo iguqulelwe kwindawo eyahlukileyo. Ukuphucula ukusebenza, ipateni yoyilo lwesizinda esisetyenzisiweyo.
Inkqubo ihlulwe kwiinkalo, umthwalo usasazwa kwaye ukunyamezela impazamo kuqinisekiswa. Ukongezelela, sasebenza kunye nezakhiwo ezisasaziweyo.
Yonke enye into zizisombululo zomgangatho weshishini. Kwindawo yokugcina umnxeba - 2 yeebhiliyoni ngosuku, 60 billion ngenyanga. Ngamanye amaxesha kufuneka uzibale ngenyanga, kwaye kungcono ngokukhawuleza. Ukujongwa kwemali - oku kufana ngqo ne-300 yezigidi ezihlala zikhula kwaye zikhula: ababhalisi bahlala beqhuba phakathi kwabaqhubi, benyusa le nxalenye.
Elona candelo le-telecom lonxibelelwano lweselula yi intlawulo ye-intanethi. Ezi ziinkqubo ezikuvumela ukuba ufowune okanye ungabizi, wenze izigqibo ngexesha langempela. Apha umthwalo ngu-30 wokuthengiselana ngesibini, kodwa ngokuqwalasela ukukhula kokudluliselwa kwedatha, siceba 250 intengiselwano, kwaye ke ngoko sinomdla kakhulu kwiTarantool.
Umfanekiso wangaphambili yimida apho siza kusebenzisa iTarantool. I-CRM ngokwayo, ngokuqinisekileyo, ibanzi kwaye siza kuyisebenzisa kumbindi ngokwayo.
Inani lethu eliqikelelweyo le-TTX lababhalisi bezigidi ezili-100 liyandibhida njengomyili wezakhiwo - kuthekani ukuba i-101 yezigidi? Ngaba kufuneka wenze yonke into kwakhona? Ukuthintela oku kungenzeki, sisebenzisa i-cache, ngexesha elifanayo ukwandisa ukufikeleleka.
Ngokubanzi, kukho iindlela ezimbini zokusebenzisa iTarantool. Ekuqaleni - Yakha zonke ii-cache kwinqanaba le-microservice. Njengoko ndiqonda, iVimpelCom ilandela le ndlela, idala i-cache yabathengi.
Asixhomekekanga kubathengisi, sitshintsha i-BSS core, ngoko sinefayile yomthengi omnye ngaphandle kwebhokisi. Kodwa sifuna ukuyandisa. Ke ngoko, sithatha indlela eyahlukileyo kancinane - yenza i-cache ngaphakathi kweenkqubo.
Ngale ndlela kukho ungqamaniso oluncinci - inkqubo enye inoxanduva lwe-cache kunye nomthombo oyintloko oyintloko.
Indlela ihambelana kakuhle nendlela yeTarantool kunye ne-skeleton yokuthengiselana, xa kuphela iindawo ezihambelana nokuhlaziywa, oko kukuthi, utshintsho lwedatha, luhlaziywa. Yonke enye into inokugcinwa kwenye indawo. Akukho chibi elikhulu ledatha, i-cache yehlabathi engalawulwayo. Iicache ziyilelwe inkqubo, okanye iimveliso, okanye abathengi, okanye ukwenza ubomi bube lula kulondolozo. Xa umrhumi efowuna kwaye ekhathazekile ngumgangatho wenkonzo yakho, ufuna ukubonelela ngenkonzo esemgangathweni.
I-RTO kunye ne-RPO
Kukho amagama amabini kwi-IT - OTR ΠΈ RPO.
Injongo yexesha lokubuyisela lixesha elithathayo ukubuyisela inkonzo emva kokusilela. I-RTO = i-0 ithetha ukuba nokuba kukho into engaphumeleli, inkonzo iyaqhubeka isebenza.
Injongo yenqaku lokubuyisela - eli lixesha lokubuyisela idatha, ingakanani idatha esinokulahlekelwa kuyo ngexesha elithile. I-RPO = i-0 ithetha ukuba asilahlekelwa yidatha.
Umsebenzi weTarantool
Makhe sizame ukusombulula ingxaki yeTarantool.
Nikiwe: ibhasikidi yezicelo eziqondwa ngumntu wonke, umzekelo, e-Amazon okanye kwenye indawo. Kufuneka ukuze inqwelo yokuthenga isebenze iiyure ze-24 iintsuku ezi-7 ngeveki, okanye i-99,99% yexesha. Ii-odolo eziza kuthi kufuneka zihlale zilungelelene, kuba asikwazi ukuvula ngokungenamkhethe okanye ukucima unxibelelwano lomrhumi - yonke into kufuneka ihambelane ngokungqongqo. Ukubhaliswa kwangaphambili kuchaphazela okulandelayo, ngoko ke idatha ibalulekile - akukho nto kufuneka ilahleke.
Isisombululo. Ungazama ukuyisombulula ngokuthe ngqo kwaye ubuze abaphuhlisi bedatabase, kodwa ingxaki ayinakusonjululwa ngokwezibalo. Unokukhumbula iithiyori, imithetho yolondolozo, i-quantum physics, kodwa kutheni-ayinakusonjululwa kwinqanaba le-DB.
Indlela efanelekileyo yokwakha yakudala isebenza apha - kufuneka wazi indawo yesifundo kakuhle kwaye uyisebenzise ukusombulula le puzzle.
Isisombululo sethu: ukwenza irejistri esasaziweyo yezicelo kwiTarantool-iqela elisasazwe nge-geo. Kumzobo, lawa ngamaziko amathathu ahlukeneyo okucubungula idatha - amabini phambi kwe-Urals, enye ngaphaya kwe-Urals, kwaye sisasaza zonke izicelo phakathi kwala maziko.
I-Netflix, ngoku ithathwa njengenye yeenkokeli kwi-IT, yayineziko ledatha enye kuphela kude kube yi-2012. Ngobusuku bangaphambi kweKrisimesi yamaKatolika, ngoDisemba 24, le ndawo yedatha yehla. Abasebenzisi baseCanada nase-USA bashiywe ngaphandle kweefilimu zabo ezizithandayo, bacaphuke kakhulu kwaye babhala ngayo kwiintanethi zentlalo. INetflix ngoku inamaziko amathathu edatha kunxweme olusentshona-mpuma kunye nelinye kwintshona yeYurophu.
Ekuqaleni sakha isisombululo esasasazwa nge-geo - ukunyamezela iimpazamo kubalulekile kuthi.
Ke sineqela, kodwa kuthekani nge-RPO = 0 kunye ne-RTO = 0? Isicombululo silula, kuxhomekeke kumbandela.
Yintoni ebalulekileyo kwizicelo? Amacandelo amabini: Ukujula ibhaskithi KU ukwenza isigqibo sokuthenga, kunye EMVA. Inxalenye ye-DO kwi-telecom ibizwa ngokuba ukubamba umyalelo okanye umyalelo thethwano. Kwi-telecom, oku kunokuba nzima ngakumbi kunevenkile ye-intanethi, kuba kukho umxhasi kufuneka anikezelwe, anikwe iinketho ezi-5, kwaye konke oku kwenzeka ixesha elithile, kodwa ibhasikidi igcwele. Ngeli xesha, ukusilela kunokwenzeka, kodwa akoyiki, kuba kwenzeka ngokubambisana phantsi kweliso lomntu.
Ukuba isikhungo sedatha saseMoscow sihluleka ngokukhawuleza, ngoko ngokutshintshela ngokuzenzekelayo kwelinye iziko ledatha, siya kuqhubeka sisebenza. Ngokwethiyori, enye imveliso inokulahleka kwinqwelo, kodwa uyayibona, yongeza kwinqwelo kwakhona kwaye uqhubeke nokusebenza. Kule meko i-RTO = 0.
Ngelo xesha, kukho inketho yesibini: xa sicofa "thumela", sifuna ukuba idatha ingalahleki. Ukususela kulo mzuzu ukuya phambili, i-automation iqala ukusebenza - le yi-RPO = 0. Ukusebenzisa le mizekelo mibini eyahlukileyo, kwimeko enye ingaba yi-geo-distributable cluster kunye ne-master switchable master, kwenye imeko uhlobo oluthile lwerekhodi yekhoram. Iipateni zinokwahluka, kodwa siyayicombulula ingxaki.
Ngaphaya koko, ukuba nerejista esasaziweyo yezicelo, sinokuphinda silinganise konke - sibe nabaninzi abathumelayo kunye nabenzi bokufa abafikelela kolu bhaliso.
UCassandra kunye neTarantool kunye
Kukho enye ingxaki - "umboniso weebhalansi". Nantsi imeko enomdla yokusetyenziswa ngokubambisana kweCassandra kunye neTarantool.
Sisebenzisa i-Cassandra kuba ii-2 zeebhiliyoni zeefowuni ngosuku azikho umda, kwaye kuya kubakho ngaphezulu. Abathengisi bathanda ukufaka imibala kwitrafikhi ngomthombo; Yonke yongeza ebalini.
ICassandra ikuvumela ukuba ulinganise ngokuthe tye kuyo nayiphi na isayizi.
Siziva sikhululekile ngeCassandra, kodwa inengxaki enye - ayilunganga ekufundeni. Yonke into ilungile ekurekhodweni, i-30 ngesekhondi ayiyongxaki - ingxaki yokufunda.
Ngoko ke, isihloko esine-cache sivele, kwaye kwangaxeshanye sisombulule le ngxaki ilandelayo: kukho imeko yakudala yemveli xa izixhobo ezisuka ekutshintsheni kwi-bill ye-intanethi zingena kwiifayile esizilayisha kwiCassandra. Sazamana nengxaki yokukhuphela okuthembekileyo kwezi fayile, nokusebenzisa iingcebiso zomphathi we-IBM wokudlulisa iifayile - kukho izisombululo ezilawula ukuhanjiswa kwefayile ngokufanelekileyo, usebenzisa i-UDP protocol, umzekelo, kune-TCP. Oku kulungile, kodwa kuseyimizuzu, kwaye asikayilayishi yonke okwangoku, umqhubi kwiziko leefowuni akakwazi ukuphendula umxhasi ukuba kwenzeke ntoni kwibhalansi yakhe - kufuneka silinde.
Ukuthintela oku kungenzeki, thina sisebenzisa i-parallel functional reserve. Xa sithumela umsitho ngeKafka ukuya eTarantool, sibala kwakhona ii-aggregates ngexesha langempela, umzekelo, namhlanje, sifumana imali eseleyo, enokudlulisa ibhalansi nakweyiphi na isantya, umzekelo, i-100 lamawaka entengiselwano ngesekhondi kunye naloo mizuzwana ye-2 efanayo.
Injongo kukuba emva kokwenza umnxeba, kwimizuzwana emi-2 kwi-akhawunti yakho yomntu akuyi kubakho kuphela ibhalansi etshintshileyo, kodwa ulwazi malunga nokuba kutheni lutshintshile.
isiphelo
Le yayiyimizekelo yokusebenzisa iTarantool. Sikuthande kakhulu ukuvuleka kwe-Mail.ru kunye nokuvuma kwabo ukuqwalasela iimeko ezahlukeneyo.
Sele kunzima kubacebisi abavela kwi-BCG okanye eMcKinsey, kwi-Accenture okanye kwi-IBM ukuba basimangalise ngento entsha-ininzi yezinto abasinika zona, sele sikwenzile, sele sikwenzile, okanye siceba ukukwenza. Ndicinga ukuba iTarantool iya kuthatha indawo yayo efanelekileyo kwisitaki sethu setekhnoloji kwaye ithathe indawo yetekhnoloji esele ikhona. Sikwinqanaba elisebenzayo lophuhliso lwale projekthi.
Ingxelo ka-Oleg no-Andrey yenye yezona zilungileyo kwiNkomfa yeTarantool kunyaka odlulileyo, kwaye ngoJuni 17 u-Oleg Ivlev uya kuthetha ngo. ngengxelo . UAlexander Deulin uya kunika intetho evela kwiMegaFon . Masifumanise ukuba yintoni etshintshileyo, zeziphi izicwangciso eziphunyeziweyo. Joyina - inkomfa isimahla, konke okufuneka ukwenze ... Zonke kunye neprogram yenkomfa yenziwe: amatyala amatsha, amava amatsha ekusebenziseni iTarantool, i-architecture, ishishini, izifundo kunye ne-microservices.
umthombo: www.habr.com