Ngentsimbi yesi-9:00 kusasa: Uqhuba inkomfa yevidiyo eofisini usebenzisa ilaptop yakho. 9:00 pm: Ubukele usasazo ngqo kwiselfowuni yakho ekhaya. Yima umzuzu, ngaba wakha wazibuza ukuba zeziphi izixhobo ezingenazingcingo ezisebenza kwinethiwekhi yakho engenamthungo? Ewe, uvile abantu abakungqongileyo bethetha nge-router ngamaxesha athile. Kuthekani ngeendawo zokungena ezingenazingcingo (iindawo zofikelelo)? Ngaba iyafana ne-router? Akunjalo! Ngezantsi siza kukunceda ukwahlula phakathi kwezixhobo ezimbini ezahlukeneyo zenethiwekhi ezingenazingcingo.
Yintoni irutha engenazingcingo?
I-router sisixhobo sothungelwano esinokusasaza idatha ngengcingo okanye ngaphandle kwamacingo. Njengesixhobo esilumkileyo, i-router inokuhambisa ngokufanelekileyo itrafikhi engenayo nephumayo kwinethiwekhi. Ngokwesiko, i-router yayiqhagamshelwe kwezinye izixhobo zenethiwekhi yendawo (LAN) ngeentambo ze-Ethernet ezinentambo. Ngokuhamba kwexesha, iirotha ezingenazingcingo ezibonelela ngokufanelekileyo, ukufakwa okungenacingo ngokuthe ngcembe ziba yintandokazi kumakhaya amaninzi kunye neeofisi ezincinci.
Irutha engenazingcingo ibhekisa kwisixhobo sothungelwano esenza imisebenzi yerutha ngokuqhagamshela ngaphandle kwamacingo izixhobo ezine-WiFi (ezifana neelaptops, ii-smartphones, kunye neetafile). Kwii-routers zoshishino, zixhasa iinkonzo ze-IPTV / Digital TV kwaye zingasetyenziselwa i-Voice over IP (VoIP). Ukongeza, bakwanayo i-firewall kunye ne-password yokukhusela ukukhusela kwiingozi ezinokubakho ngaphandle kwenethiwekhi yendawo.
Umzobo 1: Imeko yoqhagamshelo lwerouter engenazingcingo
Yintoni indawo yofikelelo engenazingcingo?
Indawo yokufikelela ngaphandle kwamacingo (ekwabizwa ngokuba yi-AP okanye i-WAP) sisixhobo se-hardware yenethiwekhi esongeza ubunakho be-Wi-Fi kwinethiwekhi eneengcingo esele ikho ngokudibanisa i-traffic esuka kwisikhululo esingenazingcingo ukuya kwi-LAN enentambo. Indawo yokufikelela kwi-wireless inokusebenza njengesixhobo esizimeleyo okanye icandelo le-router.
Ngokuqhelekileyo, i-AP engenazingcingo ivumela izixhobo ngaphandle koqhagamshelo lwe-Wi-Fi eyakhelwe-ngaphakathi ukufikelela kwinethiwekhi engenazingcingo ngentambo ye-Ethernet. Ngamanye amazwi, isibonakaliso esivela kwi-router ukuya kwindawo yokufikelela iguqulwa ukusuka kwi-wireless ukuya kwi-wireless. Ukongeza, ukuba iimfuno zofikelelo ziyanda kwixesha elizayo, i-WAP ingasetyenziselwa ukwandisa ukhuselo lothungelwano olukhoyo.
Umzobo 2: Imeko yoQhagamshelwano lweNdawo yokuFikelela engenazingcingo
Indawo yofikelelo engenazingcingo vs umzila: yintoni umahluko?
Zombini iindawo zokufikelela ezingenazingcingo kunye neerotha ezingenazingcingo zixhasa unxibelelwano lwenethiwekhi ye-Wi-Fi kwaye zidlala indima efanayo. Ngoko kwabakho ukubhideka. Ngapha koko, ezi zixhobo zimbini zenethiwekhi zifana nabazala kunamawele. Umahluko phakathi kwabo uya kuchazwa ngezantsi.
Umzobo 3: AP vs umzila
Umsebenzi
Ngokuqhelekileyo, ezininzi ii-routers ezingenazintambo zidibanisa imisebenzi ye-wireless access point, i-router ye-Ethernet, i-firewall esisiseko, kunye ne-Ethernet switch encinci. Iindawo zokungena ezingenazingcingo
ziqhele ukwakhiwa kumacandelo esixhobo anje ngeerotha okanye izandiso zeWi-Fi. Ngamafutshane, ii-routers ezingenazintambo zinokusebenza njengeendawo zokufikelela, kodwa akuzona zonke iindawo zokufikelela ezinokuthi zisebenze njengama-routers.
Akungabazeki ukuba i-router engenazintambo, esebenza njenge-Ethernet hub, inceda ukudala inethiwekhi yendawo ngokudibanisa nokulawula zonke izixhobo ezixhunyiwe kuyo. Nangona kunjalo, indawo yokufikelela sisixhobo esincedisayo kwinethiwekhi yendawo kwaye inikezela ukufikelela kuphela kwinethiwekhi esekwe yi-router. Ngoko ke, ukuba ungumlawuli wenethiwekhi, ungasebenzisa i-router engenazintambo ukutshintsha izicwangciso zenethiwekhi, kodwa indawo yokufikelela engenazintambo ayinalo msebenzi.
ezimbaxa
Imowudi yomzila vs imowudi ye-AP, indlela yokudibanisa yahlukile. Indawo yofikelelo engenazingcingo ayinakuqhagamshelwa kwimodem. Ngokuqhelekileyo iswitshi okanye i-router iya kusetyenziswa njengommeli. Irutha engenazingcingo inomsebenzi wokudayaya ngebroadband kwaye inokuqhagamshelwa ngokuthe ngqo kwimodem yokufikelela kwi-Intanethi.
ΠΠΎΠΊΡΡΡΠΈΠ΅
Iirutha ezingenazingcingo zezona zixhobo zixhaphakileyo zonxibelelwano namhlanje. Kodwa ukuba i-router ayikwazi ukugubungela isignali ye-Wi-Fi, iya kuba buthathaka okanye ayiyi kuba nesignali. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, iindawo zokufikelela ezingenazintambo zingongezwa kwiindawo ezineemeko zenethiwekhi ezimbi, ukuphelisa iindawo ezifileyo kunye nokwandisa inethiwekhi engenazintambo.
Isicelo
Ngokuqhelekileyo, ii-routers ezingenazintambo ziyakwazi ukukhonza indawo yokuhlala, indawo yokusebenza ye-SOHO, kunye neeofisi ezincinci okanye imibutho kwaye zinokuhlangabezana ngokulula neemfuno zokufikelela ezisisigxina kunye neziphakathi. Ngokucacileyo, ezo routers azinakwandiswa ukubonisa imfuno ekhulayo yothungelwano oluqikelelwayo lwexesha elizayo. Ngokumalunga neendawo zokungena ezingenazingcingo, zisetyenziselwa ikakhulu kumashishini amakhulu kunye naphakathi kunye nemibutho, kubandakanywa iindawo ezininzi zokufikelela ngaphandle kwamacingo ukuxhasa abasebenzisi abaninzi. Ngokungafaniyo nemeko yangaphambili, abalawuli bothungelwano banokongeza ezinye iindawo zokufikelela njengoko imfuno inyuka ukugubungela indawo ebonakalayo ebanzi.
Amava abonise ukuba iimveliso eziphezulu zokusebenza zinokuhlangabezana neemfuno ezininzi. Ukubeka nje, umphumo wokugqibela kufuneka uthathelwe ingqalelo. Ukuba ufuna ukusebenzisa inethiwekhi engenazingcingo ekhaya kuphela ukuhlangabezana neemfuno zamalungu entsapho, ngoko i-router engenazintambo yanele. Nangona kunjalo, ukuba ufuna ukwakha inethiwekhi engenazintambo ezithembekileyo ezixhamla inani elikhulu labasebenzisi, indawo yokufikelela engenazintambo ifanelekile ngakumbi.
isiphelo
Iirutha ezingenazingcingo kunye neendawo zokufikelela ezingenazingcingo - konke kuxhomekeke kwiimfuno zakho. Kulwakhiwo lweWi-Fi lwexesha elizayo, kukho izinto ezibalulekileyo ekufuneka ziqwalaselwe: ubungakanani bomzimba besiza, ukugqunywa kwenethiwekhi, inani langoku labasebenzisi be-Wi-Fi, kunye neemfuno zokufikelela ezilindelekileyo. Njengokhetho lokuqala lwabasebenzisi abaninzi, iirotha ezingenazingcingo ziyimfuneko phantse kulo naliphi na ikhaya kunye neshishini elincinci. Ngokufika kweendawo zofikelelo ezingenazingcingo, amashishini amakhulu namhlanje ajonge ukuwasebenzisa ukugubungela iindawo ezinkulu okanye ukuxhasa abasebenzisi abaninzi kuthungelwano lwendawo enkulu.
umthombo: www.habr.com