Yintoni eyaqala njengombono onesibindi wokudala enye indlela yenkqubo yemali yangoku ngoku iqala ukujika ibe yinkampani epheleleyo kunye nabadlali bayo abaphambili, iingcamango ezisisiseko kunye nemithetho, amahlaya kunye neengxoxo malunga nophuhliso lwexesha elizayo. Umkhosi wabalandeli ukhula ngokuthe ngcembe, umgangatho ophantsi kunye nabasebenzi abalahlekileyo bayasuswa ngokuthe ngcembe, kwaye uluntu luyenziwa oluthatha iiprojekthi zolu hlobo nzulu ngakumbi. Ngenxa yoko, imida emibini ephambili iye yavela ngoku - abo babona ukunqoba nge-blockchain kwaye bazama ukuphucula ubunyani bangoku ngokusebenzisa izisombululo ze-blockchain; kunye nabo babona uloyiso ngokusebenzisa i-cryptocurrencies kunye nokwakhiwa kwenyani entsha. Phakathi kokugqibela, kubalulekile ukugqamisa udidi olunje njengeBitcoin maximalists, enye yezona ndlela zinamandla kweli cala.
Rhoqo, ukujongwa kwamajoni angaphambili akujiki ekudaleni iindlela kunye nezisombululo zoloyiso lwabo abalukhethileyo, kodwa kumajoni angoogxa babo ukuze baziphathe ngendlela efanelekileyo. Kukho abathembekileyo ngakumbi kwaye ukuya kwenye yeendlela ezingazami ukunyelisa elinye icala. Yitya , abasele bezama ukubonisa ukuba indlela yabo ibaluleke ngakumbi kwaye ifanelekile. Kwaye kukho ezo isikhundla somnye umbhali ukuhambisa umbono wakhe wemeko. Ndawakhetha ngabom amanqaku aphantse abe nomxholo ofanayo ukuze abonakale ngokucacileyo indlela intetho enye ethi βngubani obalulekileyoβ enokunikelwa ngendlela eyahlukileyo.
Imibuzo ethi "ngubani obalulekileyo" kwaye "ngubani onethemba eliqaqambileyo" iqala ukujika ibe yinto ye-taboo yendawo, kuba ngaphezu kweengxoxo zengqondo njengamanqaku angentla apha, banokuphinda baqalise umlo ogcweleyo oguqukayo. Ingxabano yobudenge malunga "yeyona nto ingcono: i-console okanye i-PC" ukulungiswa kwendawo.
Kweli nqaku andiyi kuxoxa kwelinye lamacala, kodwa kunokuba ndibonise ukungabinantsingiselo kwale ngxabano. Andazi ukuba kuya kwenzeka ntoni kule nto, ndiyathemba kuphela ukuba iya kukhokelela kwingxoxo eyakhayo apho ndingafumana amanqaku abalulekileyo kwixesha elizayo.
Kulungile, ndiza kuyeka ukukuselisa ngala ma-foreplays. Ndiza kuqala ngeengongoma ezimbalwa ukuba ngenxa yesizathu esithile abantu abaninzi bayalibala.
I-Bitcoin ayikho iteknoloji, kodwa ingcamango yezoqoqosho
Ewe, i-Bitcoin inesiseko sezobuchwepheshe ngendlela ye-blockchain, inani elikhulu lezithintelo, i-algorithms eyakhelwe ngaphakathi, ukusetyenziswa kwemisebenzi ye-cryptographic, njalo njalo. Uphuculo olongezelelweyo lweBitcoin luya kuba luhlobo lwetekhnoloji (ukuvela kothungelwano lwenqanaba lesibini njengeNethiwekhi yoMbane, ukuqaliswa kotyikityo lweSchnorr), kwaye hayi ezoqoqosho (utshintsho kwinani leemali ezijikelezayo, utshintsho olunamandla. kubunzima bokulungelelanisa isantya esiphakathi sokuveliswa kwebhloko). Konke oku kuyimpawu yenethiwekhi yeBitcoin kunye neemeko ezikuyo.
I-Bitcoin ngokwayo, ngendlela ye-cryptocurrency, ubukhulu becala luhlobo lwezoqoqosho. Ingqikelelo yeBitcoin yadalwa kuqala njengenye inkqubo yentengiselwano ye-elektroniki engayi kufuna ukumodareyitha kwindawo enye. Kwaye ngokusekelwe kule ngcamango, isiseko sele senziwe kwaye isiseko senziwe esenza ukuba kube lula ukuphumeza isicwangciso. Ngenxa yoko, sinenkqubo ekufuneka iwusombulule umba wokuthembela kubantu besithathu. Kwaye kukho inqanaba elibalulekileyo lokuxhomekeka kumaqela esithathu kunye nemfuneko yokubathemba? Kwezoqoqosho.
Ukuba urhulumente ulandela umgaqo-mali wezemali, ngenxa yoko "imali" ijika ibe yiphetshana elingenamsebenzi, ngoko imeko enjalo ilahlekelwa yinkxaso yabasebenzisi bayo, kwaye ikhangele ezinye iindlela zokugcina imali yazo. Ixabiso leBitcoin kukuba icela umngeni kwinkqubo esekiweyo kwaye ibonelela ngendawo eyahlukileyo kwabo bayifunayo. Andifuni ukungena nzulu kwesi sihloko ngoku, kuba sele ndibhalile , ethetha ngalo mba ngokubanzi. Kodwa kwakubalulekile ukuthetha ngayo.
I-Blockchain ayikho i-panacea
Ndicinga ukuba wonke umntu uye wafumana amanqaku apho kubhaliwe ukuba ukuphunyezwa kwe-blockchain kunokutshintsha yonke imboni. I-blockchain iya kutshintsha njani ubomi, ezothutho, isayensi, amayeza, i-accounting, ukwenza umxholo, imboni yeemoto kunye nolunye ulonwabo. Le yinto yokuqala endiyifumene kwi-injini yokukhangela.
Emva kokufunda amanqaku anjalo, abanye abantu baqala ukucinga ukuba i-blockchain yinto enomlingo enokuthi ibumbe ubomi bethu ngaphakathi nangaphandle. Kodwa, enyanisweni, uninzi lwezisombululo zebhloko ezicetywayo zinokuphunyezwa kusetyenziswa inkqubo esembindini, inokusebenza ngakumbi. Kukho iiprojekthi eziluhlobo lwe-blockchain analogue yesisombululo esele sikhona. Ukusebenzisa i-blockchain ngenxa ye-blockchain ngumbono ophakathi. Ngamanye amaxesha i-blockchain inokuthi, ngokuchaseneyo, ibe yingxaki kwaye iguquke ibe luhlobo oluthile . Ndicinga ukuba oku kuya kubonakala ngathi isibane setrafikhi kwi-blockchain.
Anditsho ukuba i-blockchain yitekhnoloji engenamsebenzi, musa nje ukuyenza ibe luhlobo oluthile lwe-aspirin. I-blockchain ibonise ubuncinci ukubaluleka kwayo ngento yokuba iprotocol esebenzayo ngendlela yeBitcoin yenziwe ngesiseko sayo. Olu sele lulunye uhlobo lwesicelo esinokudalwa ngokubonga kwi-blockchain. Kwaye kule meko, iteknoloji efunekayo yokusebenza kweBitcoin kunye nokuqinisekisa ingcamango yayo, kwaye ayakhiwe kuyo ... njengaleyo.
I-Blockchain ayilunganga kuphela ukuvelisa iintlobo ezingapheliyo zee-cryptocurrencies. Ingasetyenziselwa ukwenza ezinye izicelo, kodwa kuphela apho ifuneka ngokwenene.
Ngoku makhe sijonge ngokuthe ngqo ukuthelekisa phakathi kwe-blockchain kunye neBitcoin.
Imoto kunye nebhokisi yegiya
I-Blockchain kunye neBitcoin ziindidi ezimbini ezahlukeneyo, ngoko akukho ngqiqo ukuthelekisa phakathi kwabo obaluleke kakhulu kwaye bathembisa ngakumbi. Ngokomzekelo, ngaba unokutsho ukuba yeyiphi imveliso ebaluleke kakhulu - imoto okanye i-gearbox? Ngokomntu, kunzima ukuba ndiphendule.
I-Bitcoin ayiyona iteknoloji, kodwa isethi yobuchwepheshe eyenza udidi olutsha - enye inkqubo yemali. Imoto ikwayingqokelela yetekhnoloji ezidityanisiweyo zidale enye indlela yothutho. Kule meko, i-blockchain yi-gearbox, kuba iteknoloji inceda isixhobo (isicelo) sisebenze ngokomgaqo othile.
Ukuba ukhupha i-gearbox emotweni, akufuneki ukuba kuthiwe, imoto ngoku i-emele engenantsingiselo yeebholithi ezingayi ndawo ngaphandle kwebhokisi. I-gearbox engaphandle kwemoto nayo ayinaxabiso. Inceda ngantoni lento yokuba ehleli kwi balcony yakho? Ngaloo ndlela, ixabiso lomthathi-nxaxheba ngamnye linokulandelwa kuphela xa lisebenza kunye, kwaye lingahlukani.
Kodwa umntu akufanele acinge ukuba ezi ziindidi zodwa. Unokwenza imoto ngaphandle kwebhokisi yegiya, njengeemoto zombane, apho kukho igiya enye kuphela. Kule meko, sitshintsha nje indlela yokwenza. Ukuba imoto ayisebenzisi umgaqo webhokisi, oku akuthethi ukuba ayisekho imoto. Wahlukile nje.
Akukho mntu ukunqandayo ekwenzeni i-cryptocurrency ngaphandle kwebhloko. Into yokuqala efika engqondweni yigrafu ye-acyclic echanekileyo okanye i-DAG, esetyenziswayo, umzekelo, kwi-cryptocurrency ye-IOTA. Ngokuqhelekileyo bazama ukwenza i-IoT kwi-blockchain, engenzelwanga umgaqo (nangona ndingaphiki ukuba umntu uphumelele). Ngapha koko, i-DAG sele inyanisekile ngakumbi kwabo bafuna ukwenza i-cryptocurrency IoT, kodwa inokufuna ezinye iimpawu ezibonisa uphawu lwe-blockchain.
Kwangaxeshanye, umgaqo gearbox ayisetyenziswa kuphela iimoto okanye ezinye iimoto. Kukho into efana nebhokisi yegiya, kwaye iqhelekile koomatshini abohlukeneyo. Andizange ndisebenze kwimveliso, ngoko andinakuchaza ngokupheleleyo ukubaluleka kweebhokisi zegiya zezixhobo zoomatshini kunye nefuthe layo kumgangatho weemveliso ezenziweyo. Ndicinga nje ukuba idlala indima ebalulekileyo kwiimveliso zeentlobo ezahlukeneyo, kuba awukwazi ukuya kude ngesantya esinye kwaye oku kunciphisa kakhulu amandla omatshini.
Ngokukwanjalo, i-blockchain ingasetyenziswa kungekuphela nje ngenxa yembono ye-cryptocurrencies. Ngoku bazama ukubeka i-blockchain "kuomatshini" bamashishini ahlukeneyo kunye nesiqubulo esithi: "Jonga ukuba mangaphi na amathuba, ukuba kwandisa kangakanani ukucaca kokuhamba koxwebhu, ukuba kunciphisa njani iindleko zokugcina kunye nokucubungula ulwazi, awusafuni. ukuba 5 "oomatshini" ngezantya ezahlukeneyo, ungasebenzisa "umatshini" omnye jikelele. Ixesha liza kuxela ukuba lo "matshini" uya kufika phi ngokwenene kwaye ngeziphi iinjongo.
Abantwana beBitcoin
Khumbula i-gearbox elele kwibalcony? Ewe, enye yeengxoxo eziphambili zangoku ngokusebenziseka kwayo kukuba inokusetyenziswa kwaye iguqulelwe kwezinye, iimoto ezifanayo. Into endiyithethayo kukuba inani elikhulu leebhloko zangoku zifana kakhulu ne-Bitcoin blockchain, kuba isetyenziswa njenge template.
I-Bitcoin yenza ntoni kakuhle? Ivelisa ibhloko malunga nemizuzu eli-10 ngendlela yokwabela amagunya nengaphazamisekiyo kwaye iqhube iintengiselwano, ingahoyi imida yamazwe ngamazwe kunye nabalawuli. Yaye ngandlelβ ithile, yiloo nto kuphela ayenzayo. Kukho intengiselwano - sithumela intengiselwano, kwaye ayitshintshanga. Abanye basenokucinga ukuba oku ngandlelβ ithile akwanelanga ukubizwa ngokuba bubugcisa botshintsho okanye ingcamango. Kwabanye, oku kwanele, kuba bambalwa abanokubonelela ngokufanayo.
Apha sinokunika umzekelo wesando kunye nezikhonkwane zokubethela. I-Bitcoin iya kuba yinto ebizwa ngokuba yi-hammer standard, kunye nezikhonkwane zokubethelela eludongeni ziya kuba yintengiselwano engenakuguquguquka.
Abanye banokucinga ukuba i-Bitcoin ilula kakhulu, inokusebenza okulinganiselweyo, okanye inemilo engaqhelekanga. Kwaye benza ntoni? Banyathela izando ezahlukeneyo kuzo zonke iincasa kunye nombala: umntu utshintsha ubungakanani bomdlali okanye umqheba (hello, Bitcoin ... into enjalo); abanye benza iihamile ezikhethekileyo kwimisebenzi ethile; umntu uncamathisela izembe okanye isikhonkwane sokutsala isikhonkwane kwelinye icala lehamile, ezama ukuyenza isebenze ngakumbi; abanye abantu bongeza nje iirhinestones kuba isando sibonakala simnyama kancinci kubo. Kwaye wonke umntu uthi ihamile yakhe yeyona ilungileyo kwaye iqhubela phambili. Yile nto ikhangeleka ngayo iCoinmarketcap.
Ngamanye amaxesha iba yinto ehlekisayo xa izikhonkwane zibethelwa ngefosholo (hello, kusasazwa), emva koko abathandi befosholo bayavuya, bechaza ukuba isixhobo sabo sisenamandla amakhulu. Yhooo madoda ngathi akukho mntu uninqandayo ekubetheleni izikhonkwane ngefosholo, ayisiyiyo le nto yayidalelwe yona. Inokuba luncedo ngokwenene xa ufuna ukwakha into entsha, kodwa akukho mfuneko yokubanga ukuba ngenxa yokulula kwayo, ihamile eqhelekileyo ingaphantsi. Vumela isixhobo ngasinye senze into ebesiyidalelwe yona.
Ndicinga ukuba wonke umntu uya kukhetha eyona nto ifanelekileyo kwaye ibaluleke kakhulu kubo. Ukhetho lwabasebenzisi lwento yokusebenzisa ukubethelela izikhonkwane kuya kuba sisalathisi esilungileyo sokuba yeyiphi eyona ndlela ilungileyo yomsebenzi.
Kodwa akukhona ukuba i-Bitcoin blockchain okanye i-Bitcoin concept isetyenziswe njenge template ebolekwe ukudala isisombululo sayo. Ingxaki kukuba abaninzi bajonge kwiBitcoin kunye ne-blockchain yayo.
I-Bitcoin yingcamango ethile kunye nendlela ethile yokuyifeza. Kwaye endaweni yokwenza ezabo izimvo kunye nendlela yabo, okanye bacebise iindlela zokuphucula i-Bitcoin, umntu wenza nje βeyakhe i-Bitcoin.β Ukhetho, ngokuqinisekileyo, lulungile, kodwa ngaba ngokwenene sifuna ezininzi "zethu iibitcoins"? Mna ke, indlela "yokufana neBitcoin" inciphisa umbono weBitcoin kunye ne-cryptocurrencies, kunye netekhnoloji yebhloko ngokwayo. Nangona mhlawumbi ndiyaphazama.
Kutheni iBitcoin iyiModeli T
Kodwa ekubeni uluntu lwe-cryptocurrency lunesigqibo esingaphezulu okanye esingaphantsi malunga nombono osisiseko wokuba i-cryptocurrency kufuneka ibonakale njani, emva koko uzobe uhambelana ngakumbi noshishino lwemoto, sinokuthi i-Bitcoin luhlobo lwe-Ford Model T. Nangona ayinakubizwa ngokuba yi-industry yemoto. imoto yokuqala, ekubeni babekho ngaphambili, kodwa waba ngowokuqala ukusombulula ingxaki ephambili eyathintela ukwamkelwa kobunzima bokuqala - iindleko.
Umbono we-cryptocurrencies wawusemoyeni emva kweminyaka engama-90 kwaye kukho iinzame ezifana neBit Gold, B-Money kunye neHashcash, kodwa zonke zazinengxaki enye - ukufakwa kwindawo enye. Kwaye i-Bitcoin yayisombulula le ngxaki, eyanika inkxaso yokuqala phakathi kwabo yayibalulekile.
Ngoku umbuzo ngulo: ngaba kukho umntu obona iModel Ts eqhuba ezitratweni ngoku? Ndicinga ukuba akunakwenzeka ukuba abaninzi bethu babone ubuncinane enye yezi moto. Ukuba kukho nantoni na, oku akukona ukugxekwa kweBitcoin kwaye kungekhona ingxelo yokuba iya kuba yinto engabalulekanga ekuhambeni kwexesha.
Iingcamango kunye nemigaqo esiyibeka kwiimoto zanamhlanje yinguqu yengcamango kunye noyilo lweModeli T. IBitcoin esaziyo ngoku iya kuthi ekugqibeleni ihambe ecaleni. Imigaqo emininzi esisiseko iya kuxhomekeka kuhlengahlengiso kunye nohlaziyo lweembono. IBitcoin yekamva inokwahluka kakhulu kwiBitcoin yanamhlanje. Isenokuphulukana neentsilelo zale mihla, kodwa isenokufumana ezintsha esingekacingi ngayo okwangoku. Nokuba iBitcoin ekhoyo ngoku ayifani naleyo yayiyi-10 kwiminyaka eyadlulayo.
Ayaziwa ukuba yeyiphi inkqubo yenguquko eya kwenziwa yiBitcoin yasekuqaleni. Isiseko sinokuhlala singatshintshi, kodwa uthungelwano lwalo lwesibini kunye nelesithathu luya kuba lutshintsho kunye nophuhliso. Mhlawumbi siya kuqhubeka sitshintsha rhoqo isiseko kuphela. Okanye iya kuhlala iyiModeli T yamandulo, eya kuqokelelwa ize isetyenziswe njengendawo yokugcina ixabiso.
Akukho mfuneko yokuqikelela ngokukhawuleza ukulibala okanye impumelelo yeBitcoin, kuba asazi i-vector yekamva lophuhliso lwayo. Ukuthetha ngokulibala: ngoku kulula kakhulu ukugxeka i-Bitcoin kunye ne-blockchain yayo. Kwaye kwabo bayithandayo, nasi isipho esincinci kwifom . Ndiyathemba ukuba iya kukunceda kwaye wenze umsebenzi wakho ube lula.
Into ephambili kukuba ukugxekwa kweBitcoin kunye nombono wayo akufanele kuncitshiswe kwingcamango elula: "Le nqwelo ayinayo ihashe." Sinokuqiniseka njani ukuba buya kusifikisa apho, yaye siya kubulawula njani? Kutheni kuza nenkqubo entsonkothileyo nengaqondakaliyo yokuhamba-hamba ukuba sinokukhwela ihashe nje? Yintoni ekwenza ucinge ukuba siza kukhwela oku, ukuba kudala sikhwele amahashe? Kuthekani ukuba yophuka? Yonke le yimibuzo ebalulekileyo. Mhlawumbi umntu uya kukwazi ukubaphendula ngokuyinxenye ukuba abakhangeli nje phantsi kwe-hood, kodwa zama ukuqonda indlela "esebenza ngayo" kunye nento enika ngayo ekugqibeleni.
Ewe, ihashe sisisombululo esisembindini esigqwesileyo kwaye esiluncedo, kodwa oku akuthethi ukuba siya kulisebenzisa ngonaphakade.
Kancinci malunga namathemba
Ekubeni i-blockchain iteknoloji, kulula ukuba ithathe ihlabathi. Inokuphunyezwa, emva koko unokuqonda ngokukhawuleza ukuba zeziphi iziphumo ezinika zona. Ungahlala uzama kwaye ujonge kabini de ufumane eyona ndlela ilungileyo, okanye uyilahle ngokungeyomfuneko. Akukho mfuneko yokudala inyani entsha kwaye utshintshe kakhulu iimbono zabantu, unokutshintsha ngokulula ukuba yintoni na. Ngenxa yoko, i-blockchain ibonakala iyinyani, kwaye ke ithembisa ngakumbi.
Iingcamango ezifana neBitcoin zinzima ngakumbi. Ukuba itekhnoloji inenjongo, ke imbono iyinto edibeneyo. Oko kukuthi, impembelelo yayo kunye nokuthembeka kukhula kunye nenani labo baxhasa le ngcamango kwaye babone intsingiselo kuyo. Imali, urhulumente, inkolo, amalungelo oluntu, ingcamango yenkqubela phambili - zonke ezi ziingcamango eziphikisanayo kunye neentsomi, kwaye iinkqubo ezakhiwe ngeenxa zonke zinamandla kakhulu kunayo nayiphi na iteknoloji.
Iingcamango zihlala zinamandla kunobuchwepheshe, kodwa azihlali zithembisa ngaphezu kwazo. Umbono unokuziswa ebomini usebenzisa itekhnoloji eyahlukeneyo, sikhetha nje indlela. Ndikhumbuze UNassim Taleb: βI-Bitcoin iya kuhla inyuka. Kwaye usenokusilela. Kodwa sinokuyiphinda ngokulula kuba ngoku siyayazi indlela esebenza ngayo. β
Ewe, ngoku i-Bitcoin ingaba luhlobo lwepolisi ye-inshurensi, kodwa andicingi ukuba nabani na unokufuna ukungena kwimeko apho umntu unyanzelekile sebenzisa i-Bitcoin, njengakwimeko yaseVenezuela. Kungcono xa umntu ndifuana u Yisebenzise. Kwaye kufuneka ulwele oku, abathandekayo be-cryptoanarchists.
Nangona i-blockchain kunye neBitcoin zinemvelaphi efanayo, zineendlela ezahlukeneyo zophuhliso. Akukho mfuneko yakuphikisana namahlakani malunga nokuba ngubani ongcono nobaluleke ngakumbi. Kungcono ukuhambisa loo mandla ekuphuhliseni izisombululo ezivumela wonke umntu ukuba aphumelele, kungekhona nje ngamazwi, kodwa ngesenzo. Uxolo kumntu wonke.
Musa ukuwonzakalisa amahashe
umthombo: www.habr.com