Ngokophando olwenziwa nguHeadHunter kunye neMail.ru, imfuno yeengcali kwinkalo yeSayensi yeDatha idlula ukubonelela, kodwa nangona kunjalo, iingcali ezincinci azihlali zilawula ukufumana umsebenzi. Siyakuxelela ukuba zeziphi izifundo ezilahlekileyo kunye nendawo yokufunda kwabo baceba umsebenzi omkhulu kwiSayensi yeDatha.
"Beza kwaye bacinga ukuba ngoku baya kufumana i-500k ngomzuzwana, kuba bayawazi amagama ezicwangciso kunye nendlela yokuqhuba imodeli kubo kwimigca emibini"
Emil Maharramov ukhokela iqela leenkonzo zekhemistri ye-computational kwi-biocad kwaye ngexesha lodliwano-ndlebe ujongene nenyaniso yokuba abaviwa abanalo ukuqonda okucwangcisiweyo komsebenzi. Bagqiba izifundo, beza kunye nePython eqeqeshwe kakuhle kunye neSQL, banokufaka i-Hadoop okanye i-Spark kwimizuzwana ye-2, kwaye bazalise umsebenzi ngokwenkcazo ecacileyo. Kodwa kwangaxeshanye, akusekho nyathelo lokuya ecaleni. Nangona kukuguquguquka kwizisombululo abaqeshi abalindele kuzo kwiingcali zabo zesayensi yedatha.
Kwenzeka ntoni kwimarike yeNzululwazi yeDatha
Izakhono zeengcali eziselula zibonisa imeko kwimarike yezemisebenzi. Apha, imfuno idlula kakhulu unikezelo, ngoko ke abaqeshi abaphelelwe lithemba bahlala bekulungele ukuqesha iingcali eziluhlaza ngokupheleleyo kwaye baziqeqeshe ngokwabo. Inketho iyasebenza, kodwa ifanelekile kuphela ukuba iqela sele linenkokeli yeqela elinamava eliya kuthatha uqeqesho lomncinci.
Ngokophando olwenziwe nguHeadHunter kunye neMail.ru, iingcali zohlalutyo lwedatha ziphakathi kwezona zifunwa kakhulu kwintengiso:
- Ngo-2019, bekukho amaxesha angama-9,6 ngaphezulu kwezithuba zengqesho kwicandelo lohlalutyo lwedatha, kwaye amaxesha angama-7,2 ngaphezulu kwindawo yokufunda koomatshini kunango-2015.
- Xa kuthelekiswa ne-2018, inani lezithuba zeengcali zokuhlalutya idatha landa ngamaxesha e-1,4, kunye neengcali zokufunda ngomatshini ngamaxesha e-1,3.
- I-38% yezithuba ezivulekileyo kwiinkampani ze-IT, i-29% kwiinkampani zecandelo lezemali, kunye ne-9% kwiinkonzo zoshishino.
Le meko ikhuthazwa zizikolo ezininzi ezikwi-intanethi eziqeqesha aba bancinci. Ngokwenene, uqeqesho luhlala kwiinyanga ezintathu ukuya kwiinyanga ezintandathu, apho abafundi balawula ukuba basebenzise izixhobo eziphambili kwinqanaba elisisiseko: iPython, iSQL, uhlalutyo lwedatha, iGit kunye neLinux. Isiphumo ngumntwana oqhelekileyo: unokusombulula ingxaki ethile, kodwa akakwazi ukuqonda ingxaki kwaye enze ingxaki ngokwakhe. Nangona kunjalo, imfuno ephezulu yeengcali kunye ne-hype ejikeleze umsebenzi ihlala ibangela amabhongo aphezulu kunye neemfuno zomvuzo.
Ngelishwa, udliwano-ndlebe kwiSayensi yeDatha ngoku luhlala lukhangeleka ngolu hlobo: umviwa uthi uzame ukusebenzisa amathala eencwadi ambalwa, akakwazi ukuphendula imibuzo malunga nendlela i-algorithms esebenza ngayo, emva koko ucela i-200, 300, 400 amawaka eeruble ngenyanga.
Ngenxa yenani elikhulu lee-slogans zentengiso ezifana "nabani na unokuba ngumhlalutyi wedatha", "ukufunda ngomatshini kwiinyanga ezintathu kwaye uqale ukwenza imali eninzi" kunye nokunxanelwa imali ekhawulezayo, umlambo omkhulu wabaviwa abaphezulu uye wagalela kwi-intanethi yethu. intsimi engenalo kwaphela uqeqesho lucwangcisiweyo.
UVictor Kantor
INzululwazi eyiNtloko yeDatha kwi-MTS
Ngoobani abaqeshi abalindileyo?
Nawuphi na umqeshi angathanda ukuba abancinci bakhe basebenze ngaphandle kweliso elithe gqolo kwaye bakwazi ukuphuhlisa phantsi kwesikhokelo seqela elikhokelayo. Ukwenza oku, umntu oqalayo kufuneka abe nezixhobo eziyimfuneko zokusombulula iingxaki zangoku, kwaye abe nesiseko sethiyori esaneleyo sokucebisa izisombululo zabo ngokuthe ngcembe kwaye ajonge iingxaki ezinzima ngakumbi.
Abantu abatsha kwimarike benza kakuhle ngezixhobo zabo. Iikhosi zexeshana elifutshane zikuvumela ukuba uziqonde ngokukhawuleza kwaye usebenze.
Ngokophando olwenziwa nguHeadHunter kunye ne-Mail.ru, esona khono sifunwa kakhulu yiPython. Ikhankanywe kwi-45% yezithuba zenzululwazi zedatha kunye ne-51% yezithuba zokufunda ngomatshini.
Abaqeshi bafuna kwakhona abahlalutyi bedatha ukuba bazi iSQL (23%), i-data mining (19%), izibalo zemathematika (11%) kwaye bakwazi ukusebenza ngedatha enkulu (10%).
Abaqeshi abafuna iingcali zokufunda ngomatshini balindele ukuba umviwa abe nobuchule kwi-C ++ (18%), i-SQL (15%), i-algorithms yokufunda ngomatshini (13%) kunye ne-Linux (11%) ngaphezu kolwazi lwePython.
Kodwa ukuba abancinci baqhuba kakuhle ngezixhobo, ke abaphathi babo bajongene nenye ingxaki. Uninzi lwabaphumelele izifundo abanalo ukuqonda nzulu ngalo msebenzi, nto leyo eyenza kube nzima kumntu osaqalayo ukuqhubela phambili.
Ngoku ndikhangela iingcaphephe zokufunda ngoomatshini ukujoyina iqela lam. Kwangaxeshanye, ndiyabona ukuba abaviwa badla ngokugqwesa izixhobo ezithile zeSayensi yeDatha, kodwa abanakho ukuqonda okunzulu okwaneleyo kweziseko zethiyori ukwenza izisombululo ezitsha.
Emil Maharramov
INtloko yeQela leeNkonzo zeComputational Chemistry, iBiocad
Ulwakhiwo kunye nobude bezifundo azikuvumeli ukuba ungene nzulu kwinqanaba elifunekayo. Abafundi abaphumeleleyo badla ngokuswela ezo zakhono zithambileyo abadla ngokuphoswa xa befunda isithuba somsebenzi. Ewe, eneneni, ngubani phakathi kwethu oya kuthi akanayo inkqubo yokucinga okanye umnqweno wokuphuhlisa. Nangona kunjalo, ngokumalunga neNzululwazi yeNzululwazi, sithetha ngebali elinzulu. Apha, ukuze uphuhlise, kufuneka ube necala eliqinileyo kwithiyori nakwisayensi, enokwenzeka kuphela ngokufunda ixesha elide, umzekelo, eyunivesithi.
Okuninzi kuxhomekeke emntwini: ukuba ikhosi enzulu yeenyanga ezintathu evela kootitshala abomeleleyo abanamava njengeqela elikhokelayo kwiinkampani eziphezulu igqitywe ngumfundi onemvelaphi entle kwimathematika kunye neprogramu, iphonononga zonke izixhobo zekhosi kwaye "ifunxa njengesipontshi. ,β njengoko besitsho esikolweni, kuya kubakho iingxaki nomqeshwa onjalo kamva No. Kodwa i-90-95% yabantu, ukuze bafunde into ngonaphakade, kufuneka bafunde ngokuphindwe kalishumi kwaye benze ngokucwangcisiweyo iminyaka emininzi ngokulandelana. Kwaye oku kwenza iinkqubo zenkosi ekuhlalutyweni kwedatha ukhetho oluhle kakhulu lokufumana isiseko esihle solwazi, apho awuyi kuba neentloni kudliwano-ndlebe, kwaye kuya kuba lula kakhulu ukwenza umsebenzi.
UVictor Kantor
INzululwazi eyiNtloko yeDatha kwi-MTS
Apho ufundela khona ukufumana umsebenzi kwiSayensi yeDatha
Zininzi izifundo ezilungileyo zeNzululwazi yeDatha kwimarike kwaye ukufumana imfundo yokuqala akuyongxaki. Kodwa kubalulekile ukuqonda ugxininiso lwale mfundo. Ukuba umviwa sele enemvelaphi eyomeleleyo yobugcisa, ngoko ke iikhosi ezinzulu ziyimfuneko. Umntu uya kukwazi ukusebenzisa izixhobo, eze kwindawo kwaye aziqhelanise ngokukhawuleza, kuba sele eyazi indlela yokucinga njengemathematika, ukubona ingxaki kunye nokuqulunqa iingxaki. Ukuba akukho mvelaphi enjalo, emva kwekhosi uya kuba ngumdlali olungileyo, kodwa ngamathuba alinganiselwe okukhula.
Ukuba ujongene nomsebenzi wexesha elifutshane wokutshintsha ubuchwephesha okanye ukufumana umsebenzi kobu bungcali, ke ezinye iikhosi ezicwangcisiweyo zikulungele, ezimfutshane kwaye zibonelela ngokukhawuleza iseti encinci yezakhono zobugcisa ukuze ukwazi ukufumana isiqinisekiso sokufunda. Inqanaba lokungena kule ndawo.
Ivan Yamshchikov
UMlawuli wezeMfundo weprogram ye-intanethi ye-master master "iSayensi yeDatha"
Ingxaki ngezifundo kukuba zibonelela ngokukhawuleza kodwa ukukhawulezisa okuncinci. Umntu ubhabhela ngokoqobo kulo msebenzi kwaye ngokukhawuleza afikelele kwisilingi. Ukungena kwi-professional ixesha elide, kufuneka ukhawuleze ubeke isiseko esihle ngendlela yeprogram yexesha elide, umzekelo, i-degree degree.
Imfundo ephakamileyo ifanelekile xa uqonda ukuba eli candelo linomdla kwixesha elide. Awunamdla wokufika emsebenzini ngokukhawuleza. Kwaye awufuni ukuba nesilingi yekhondo lomsebenzi; awufuni kujongana nengxaki yokunqongophala kolwazi, izakhono, ukunqongophala kolwazi lwe-ecosystem ngokubanzi ngoncedo lokuvelisa iimveliso ezintsha. Kule nto, udinga imfundo ephakamileyo, engenzi kuphela iseti efunekayo yezakhono zobugcisa, kodwa iphinda imise indlela ocinga ngayo ngokuhlukileyo kwaye ikuncede wenze umbono othile wekhondo lakho lexesha elide.
Ivan Yamshchikov
UMlawuli wezeMfundo weprogram ye-intanethi ye-master master "iSayensi yeDatha"
Ukungabikho kwesilingi yomsebenzi yeyona nto iphambili yeprogram ye-master. Kwiminyaka emibini, ingcali ifumana isiseko esinamandla sethiyori. Nantsi indlela ekhangeleka ngayo isiqingatha sonyaka wokuqala kwinkqubo yeNzululwazi yeDatha e-NUST MISIS:
- Intshayelelo kwiNzululwazi yeDatha. Iiveki ezi-2.
- Iziseko zohlalutyo lwedatha. Ukusetyenzwa kwedatha. Iiveki ezi-2
- Ukufunda ngoomatshini. Ukulungiswa kwedatha. Iiveki ezi-2
- EDA. Uhlalutyo lwedatha yobukrelekrele. Iiveki ezi-3
- Ii-algorithms zokufunda koomatshini abasisiseko. Ch1 + Ch2 (iiveki ezi-6)
Kwangaxeshanye, unokufumana amava asebenzayo ngaxeshanye emsebenzini. Akukho nto ikuthintelayo ekufumaneni isikhundla esiphantsi nje ukuba umfundi ephumelele izixhobo eziyimfuneko. Kodwa, ngokungafaniyo nomntu ophumelele ikhosi, isidanga se-master asiyeki izifundo zakhe apho, kodwa siyaqhubeka nokungena nzulu kulo msebenzi. Kwixesha elizayo, oku kukuvumela ukuba uphuhlise kwiNzululwazi yeDatha ngaphandle kwezithintelo.
Kwiwebhusayithi yeYunivesithi yeSayensi neTekhnoloji "MISiS" kwabo bafuna ukusebenza kwiSayensi yeDatha. Abameli be-NUST MISIS, i-SkillFactory, i-HeadHunter, i-Facebook, i-Mail.ru Group kunye ne-Yandex, ndiya kukuxelela ngezinto ezibaluleke kakhulu:
- "Uyifumana njani indawo yakho kwiNzululwazi yeDatha?",
- "Ngaba kunokwenzeka ukuba ube yinzululwazi yedatha ukusuka ekuqaleni?",
- "Ngaba imfuno yezazinzulu zedatha isekhona kwiminyaka emi-2-5?"
- "Zeziphi iingxaki abasebenza kuzo izazinzulu zedatha?"
- "Uwenza njani umsebenzi kwiSayensi yeDatha?"
Uqeqesho lwe-Intanethi, idiploma yemfundo yoluntu. yamkelwe de 10 Aug.
umthombo: www.habr.com