Ubungakanani beentengiso ezisingqongileyo zinokukhula amashumi kunye namakhulu amaxesha. U-Alexey Chigadeyev, intloko yeeprojekthi zedijithali zamazwe ngamazwe kwi-iMARS China, wathetha malunga nendlela iteknoloji ye-5G enokuba negalelo ngayo kule nto.
Ukuza kuthi ga ngoku, iinethiwekhi ze-5G zifakwe ekusebenzeni kwezorhwebo kumazwe ambalwa kwihlabathi liphela. E-China, oku kwenzeke nge-6 kaJuni, 2019, xa iSebe lezoShishino kunye neTekhnoloji yoLwazi ngokusemthethweni iilayisensi zokuqala zokusetyenziswa kwezorhwebo ze-5G iinethiwekhi zeselula. Yabo China Telecom, China Mobile, China Unicom kunye China Broadcasting Network. Amanethiwekhi e-5G asetyenziswe kwimodi yokuvavanya e-China ukususela ngo-2018, kodwa ngoku iinkampani zinokuzithumela ukuba zisebenzise urhwebo. Kwaye ngoNovemba ka-2019, ilizwe sele likhona Itekhnoloji ye-6G.
Unxibelelwano lwesizukulwana sesihlanu eRashiya yasungulwa kwizigidi ezininzi-kunye nezixeko ngo-2021, nangona iifrikhwensi zingekabelwa oku.
Umjikelo omtsha wokuzivelela konxibelelwano
Isizukulwana ngasinye sangaphambili sothungelwano sasinendlela yaso yokudlulisa ulwazi. Itekhnoloji ye-2G lixesha ledatha yombhalo. I-3G - ukuhanjiswa kwemifanekiso kunye nemiyalezo emifutshane yomsindo. Uqhagamshelwano lwe-4G lusinike amandla okukhuphela iividiyo kunye nokubukela usasazo oluphilayo.
Namhlanje, kwanabo bakude kwitekhnoloji baye boyiswa kulonwabo oluqhelekileyo lokwaziswa kwe-5G.
Kuthetha ukuthini ukutshintshela kwi-5G kumthengi?
- Ukunyuka kwe-bandwidth-uqhagamshelo lwe-Intanethi luya kukhawuleza kwaye lukhululeke ngakumbi.
- Ubuncinci be-latency yevidiyo kunye nesisombululo esiphezulu, okuthetha ubukho obukhulu.
Ukuvela kwetheknoloji ye-5G yinto enkulu yezobuchwepheshe eya kuba nefuthe kuzo zonke iindawo zoluntu. Inokutshintsha kakhulu iindawo zokuthengisa kunye nePR. Utshintsho ngalunye lwangaphambili lweza notshintsho olusemgangathweni kwicandelo leendaba, kubandakanywa iifomathi kunye nezixhobo zokusebenzisana nabaphulaphuli. Ngalo lonke ixesha yakhokelela kwinguqu kwihlabathi lentengiso.
Umjikelo omtsha wophuhliso lwentengiso
Xa utshintsho lwe-4G lwenzekile, kwacaca ukuba imarike yayinkulu kakhulu kunesixa sazo zonke izixhobo kunye nabasebenzisi abasebenzisa obu buchwepheshe. Umthamo wayo unokuchazwa ngokufutshane ngale fomula ilandelayo:
Umthamo wemakethe ye-4G = inani lezixhobo zabasebenzisi benethiwekhi ye-4G * inani lezicelo kwizixhobo zomsebenzisi * iindleko ze-ARPU (ukusuka kwiNgesi Umyinge wengeniso ngomsebenzisi-ingeniso ephakathi komsebenzisi) yezicelo.
Ukuba uzama ukwenza i-formula efanayo ye-5G, ngoko ke i-multiplier nganye kufuneka inyuswe ngokuphindwe kashumi. Ngoko ke, umthamo wemarike ngokwenani lee-terminals, nangona kuqikelelo oluninzi olulondolozayo, luya kudlula i-4G yemakethe ngamakhulu amaxesha.
Itekhnoloji ye-5G iya kwandisa inani leentengiso ngemiyalelo yobukhulu, kwaye ukuza kuthi ga ngoku asiyiqondi nokuba yiyiphi amanani esithetha ngawo. Ekuphela kwento esinokuyithetha ngokuqinisekileyo kukuba kuya kubakho okuninzi.
Ngokufika kwe-5G, ubudlelwane phakathi kwabathengisi kunye nabathengi buya kuhamba kwinqanaba elitsha elisemgangathweni. Ixesha lokulayisha iphepha liya kuba lincinci. Intengiso yebhanari iya kutshintshwa ngokuthe ngcembe yintengiso yevidiyo, leyo, ngokweengcali, kufuneka inyuse iCTR (cofa-ngokusebenzisa izinga, umlinganiselo wenani lokucofa kwinani leempembelelo). Nasiphi na isicelo sinokufunyanwa ngokukhawuleza, nto leyo eya kufuna impendulo efanayo ngokukhawuleza.
Ukuqaliswa kwe-5G kuya kukhokelela ekukhuleni okubonakalayo kwimarike yentengiso. Oku kuya kuba sisiqalo sokuvela kweenkampani ezintsha ezikwaziyo ukuguqula kakhulu ishishini. Ifuthe lemali kusenzima ukuqikelela. Kodwa ukuba sithatha ingqalelo kwimbali yophuhliso lwenethiwekhi, sinokuthi sithetha ngokunyuka okuphindaphindiweyo kwimiqulu - kungekhona namawaka, kodwa amashumi amawaka amaxesha.
Iza kuba njani intengiso?
Ngoko ke, iinethiwekhi ze-5G zinokutshintsha njani intengiso yentengiso? Izigqibo ezininzi zinokuthathwa kumzekelo waseTshayina.
Ezinye iitheminali ezibonisa iintengiso
Iinzuzo eziphambili ze-5G ziindleko eziphantsi kakhulu ze-chip kunye nokusetyenziswa kwamandla aphantsi kakhulu. Oku kukuvumela ukuba udibanise yonke into ejikeleze isixhobo kwisistim enye: isikrini sefowuni ephathwayo siya kugqabhuka ngezilumkiso eziza kuvela kwifriji, umatshini wokuhlamba, kunye nefenitshala kunye nempahla. Ngamanye amazwi, zonke izinto ezijikelezileyo ziya kuba nako ukwenza isiseko sobukrelekrele esinye.
Ngokwezibalo, ikhulu ngalinye labantu linezixhobo ezimalunga ne-114. Nge-5G, eli nani linganyuka liye kwi-10 lamawaka.
Ukuntywiliselwa ngakumbi
Ukuba i-3G lixesha lemifanekiso kunye nesicatshulwa, kwaye i-4G lixesha leevidiyo ezimfutshane, ngoko kwixesha le-5G, ukusasazwa kwe-intanethi kuya kuba yinto esisiseko yokukhangisa. Itekhnoloji entsha iya kunika amandla kuphuhliso lweendlela zokusebenzisana njengeVR kunye neengqikelelo zeholographic.
Ziya kujongeka njani ezo zibhengezo? Lo ngomnye wemingeni yexesha le-5G. Ukusebenza kwisiphumo sokuntywiliselwa mhlawumbi kuya kufika phambili. Ngokubona okuphuculweyo kunye neendlela zokuntywiliselwa, iiblogi kunye namajelo eendaba ziya kukwazi ukusasaza indawo ezingqongileyo ngokupheleleyo, kungakhathaliseki ukuba kude kangakanani.
HTML5 Amaphepha okuHlala endaweni yee-Apps
Kutheni ukhuphela usetyenziso ukuba unokufikelela kwiphepha lelifu kwimizuzwana embalwa kwaye ulivale kwangoko emva kokuba ugqibezele isenzo esifunekayo?
Lo mgaqo usebenza kuyo yonke isoftware. Kutheni ukhuphela into xa unokufumana ukufikelela ngokukhawuleza kuwo nawuphi na uvimba?
Ngexesha elifanayo, ukuphuhliswa kobuchwepheshe bokuqaphela kuya kuphelisa ingcamango yokubhalisa / ukungena naphi na. Kutheni uchitha ixesha kule nto yokuhlawula imveliso / inkonzo, bhala inkcazo phantsi kwenqaku, okanye udlulisele imali kubahlobo, ukuba konke oku kunokwenziwa ngokusebenzisa ubuso okanye i-retina scan?
Kuthetha ntoni oku kubathengisi? Imodeli yohlalutyo lwabathengi iya kuguqukela ekuqondeni iipatheni zokuziphatha. Amaphepha e-H5 akayi kuba nokufikelela ngokupheleleyo kwidatha yomntu. Ngoko ke, imodeli entsha kufuneka iphinde yakhiwe ngendlela yokuba, ngokusekelwe kwisenzo esifutshane sokusebenzisana, sinokwenza ngokuchanekileyo umzobo womthengi. Ngokwenyani, iinkampani ziya kuba nemizuzwana embalwa ukuqonda ukuba ngubani ophambi kwazo kunye nento ayifunayo.
Ukusebenziseka ngakumbi
Ekupheleni kwe-2018, amazwe angama-90 ayenayo ngaphezu 866 million akhawunti, nto leyo 20% ngaphezu 2017. Ingxelo ibonisa ukuba ishishini leentlawulo zeselula licubungule i-$ 2018 yeebhiliyoni kwiintengiselwano ngosuku kwi-1,3 (ngokuphindwe kabini inani leemali zemali). Ngokucacileyo, le ndlela iya kubaluleka ngakumbi kubathengi abaqhelekileyo.
Iteknoloji yokuqaphela ubuso iya kukhawulezisa inkqubo yokuthenga kangangoko kunokwenzeka. Kwihlabathi elifanelekileyo leentengiso, kuya kuba ngolu hlobo: umthengi wabona ulwazi malunga nemveliso okanye inkonzo, uyayithanda, kwaye kweso sibini unika imvume yakhe yokuthenga kwaye enze intlawulo. Itekhnoloji yokuqaphela ubuso sele iphunyeziwe kwizixeko ezininzi ezikhulu.
Umjikelo omtsha wophuhliso lwenyani yenyani uvula umjikelo omtsha womzabalazo kumthengi. Ulwazi malunga nendawo, imbali yokuthenga, izinto ezinomdla kunye neemfuno - le datha malunga nabasebenzisi kunye nokukwazi ukusebenza nabo abathengisi bexesha elizayo baya kulwela.
Ukusombulula ingxaki yobuqhophololo
Abakhangisi, iinethiwekhi zentengiso, kunye neearhente zentengiso zithwaxwa bubuqhetseba. Ezokugqibela zezona zinzima. Basebenza nabapapashi kunye nothungelwano ngesiseko sokuhlawula kwangaphambili, baze balindele umvuzo kubathengisi, abanokwala ukuhlawula inxalenye yomsebenzi.
Ukusetyenzwa kwedatha ngokuzenzekelayo (ukugcinwa kwedatha) kunye nophuhliso lwe-Intanethi yeZinto ziya kuvumela umgangatho weemodyuli zeenkcukacha-manani zeProtocol ye-Intanethi (IP). Ukuhamba kwedatha kuya kwanda kakhulu, kodwa inqanaba lokungafihli kwi-Intanethi liya kwanda. Ngaloo ndlela, ingxaki yobuqhetseba iya kusonjululwa kwinqanaba elinzulu lekhowudi yedatha ephambili.
Ngaphezulu kwe-90% yetrafikhi yividiyo
Isantya sothumelo kwiinethiwekhi ze-5G ziya kufikelela kwi-10 Gbit / s. Oku kuthetha ukuba abasebenzisi beefowuni eziphathwayo banokukhuphela iifilimu ezinenkcazo ephezulu ngaphantsi kwesibini. Ingxelo yePwC yaseTshayina yoLonwabo kunye neMedia Industry Outlook 2019-2023 iqaqambisa iingenelo ezimbini eziphambili zokufudukela kwi-5G: ukonyuka komthamo kunye ne-latency esezantsi. Ngokutsho kwe-Intel kunye ne-Ovum, i-traffic yomsebenzisi ngamnye we-5G kufuneka inyuke ukuya kwi-2028 GB ngenyanga nge-84,4.
Iividiyo ezimfutshane zilisebe elahlukileyo lemveliso kunye nentengiso.
Inani leevidiyo ezimfutshane likhula ngokukhawuleza. Kwintsimi yentengiso yevidiyo, imveliso epheleleyo yocwangciso lomxholo, ukudubula kwevidiyo, ukuveliswa emva, ukukhangisa kunye nokubeka iliso kwedatha sele yenziwe.
Uqikelelo olulondolozayo lucebisa ukuba eTshayina kuphela kukho amashumi amawaka eearhente zentengiso ezivelisa iividiyo ezimfutshane. Ziya kubakho nangakumbi, kwaye imveliso iya kuba sezantsi kakhulu.
Kukho ezininzi iividiyo ezimfutshane, kodwa oku kukhula okuqhumayo kubangela imibuzo emininzi kubakhangisi: uphi ubugcisa kwaye uphi ugaxekile? Ngokufika kwe-5G, kuya kubakho iiplatifomu ezingakumbi zokubekwa kwazo, kunye neemodeli ezintsha zokudityaniswa kweentengiso. Lo ngomnye umngeni. Ungathelekisa njani ukusebenza kwevidiyo kumaqonga ahlukeneyo? Uzinyusa njani iividiyo ezimfutshane kumaqonga amatsha?
I-AI sisiseko soshishino lwexesha elizayo
Nje ukuba itekhnoloji ye-5G ikhule ngakumbi, ubukrelekrele bokwenziwa abuyi kuxhomekeka kubume behardware. Kuya kwenzeka ukusebenzisa amandla ekhompyuter amaziko edatha naphi na nangaliphi na ixesha.
Abalawuli bokudala baya kuba nethuba lokuqokelela inani elikhulu ledatha malunga nabathengi abavela kwihlabathi liphela, kunye nobukrelekrele bokwenziwa, ngokuzifundela, baya kukwazi ukuphakamisa iikhonsepthi zemibhalo enokuba yimpumelelo, ukubekwa kweentengiso, uyilo lwemveliso, iiwebhusayithi, njl. . Konke oku kuya kuthatha imizuzwana.
NgoNovemba 11, 2017, ngexesha loSuku lweSingles oludumileyo kwihlabathi (iholide yaseTshayina yanamhlanje ebhiyozelwa ngoNovemba 11), "umbulali womyili" u-AI Luban wayesele esebenza kwiqonga le-Alibaba - i-algorithm enokudala amabhanari angama-8 amawaka ngomzuzwana ngamnye. ngaphandle kophindaphindo. Ngaba umyili wakho ubuthathaka?
Imidlalo yezona ntengiso zinkulu kunye namaqonga eendaba abalulekileyo
Kwi-2018, ingeniso yokuthengisa yokwenyani kwimarike yemidlalo yaseTshayina ifikelele kwi-30,5 yeebhiliyoni zeedola, ukwanda kwe-5,3% xa kuthelekiswa no-2017. Ngokufika kwe-5G, imboni yemidlalo iya kwenza impumelelo entsha kuphuhliso. Imidlalo ye-Intanethi iba lelona qonga likhulu lentengiso, eliya kukhokelela ekunyukeni kweendleko zokuzithengisa.
Kule mihla, umgangatho wesixhobo sakho unqumamisa eminye imidlalo onokuyidlala. Ukuqhuba uninzi lwazo udinga ihardware ekumgangatho ophezulu. Kwilizwe le-5G elinobuchwepheshe obuphezulu, abasebenzisi baya kuba nakho ukuqhuba nawuphi na umdlalo kuso nasiphi na isixhobo besebenzisa iiseva ezikude, kubandakanywa nee-smartphones eziqinisekileyo ukuba ziya kuba zincinci.
***
Uninzi lweenguqu zayizolo zibonakala ziyimihla ngemihla kwaye ziyindalo namhlanje. Ngo-2013, abasebenzisi be-Intanethi abasebenzayo behlabathi malunga ne-2,74 yezigidigidi zabantu. NgoJuni 30, 2019, eli nani, ngokwe-Internet World Stats (IWS), ukuya kuthi ga kwi-4,5 yeebhiliyoni ngo-2016, i-StatCounter irekhode utshintsho olubalulekileyo lwezobuchwepheshe: inani loqhagamshelo lwe-Intanethi kusetyenziswa izixhobo eziphathwayo. inani lofikelelo kuthungelwano lwehlabathi olusuka kwiikhompyuter zobuqu. Ukuza kuthi ga ngoku, itekhnoloji ye-4G ibonakala ngathi iyimpumelelo, kodwa kungekudala i-5G iya kuba yinto yemihla ngemihla.
umthombo: www.habr.com