Kutshanje ndifumene eli nqaku: . Ndingathanda ukwabelana ngombono wam kumgangatho.
/ bin
Iqulethe imiyalelo enokusetyenziswa ngumlawuli wenkqubo kunye nabasebenzisi, kodwa eyimfuneko xa kungekho zinkqubo zefayile zinyuswayo (umzekelo, kwindlela yomsebenzisi omnye). Isenokuba nemiyalelo esetyenziswa ngokungangqalanga zizikripti.
La maqela alandelayo kulindeleke ukuba abekho apho:
cat, chgrp, chmod, chown, cp, Umhla, dd, df, dmesg, Bhala, amanga, igama lomkhosi, ukubulala, ln, Ngema, ls, mkdir, mknod, Kaninzi, Ukunyuka, mv, ps, pwd, rm, sifumase, sed, sh, stty, su, Ukuvumelanisa, oyinyaniso, unyuka, Uname.
Unokwenza i-symlinks kwi / usr, kodwa nangona ngeentsuku ze-systemd / usr ayifumanekanga kwisixhobo esahlukileyo, inokufumaneka kwinkqubo edibeneyo, isibane sendlela, i-grinder yekhofi kunye ne-PDP-11 ekhonza into ebalulekileyo. isixhobo kwenye yeelebhu zeAkhademi yeSayensi.
/ sbin
Izinto ezisetyenziselwa ulawulo lwesixokelelwano (kunye neminye imiyalelo yengcambu-kuphela), /sbin iqulathe iibhiri ezifunekayo ukuqala, ukubuyisela, ukubuyisela, kunye/okanye ukubuyisela inkqubo ukongeza kokubini kwi/bin. Iinkqubo ezisebenza emva kokuba /usr inyuswe (xa kungekho ngxaki) zihlala zibekwe kwi/usr/sbin. Iinkqubo zolawulo lwesixokelelwano esifakwe ekuhlaleni kufuneka zibekwe kwi/usr/local/sbin.
Kulindelweyo:
fastboot, fasthalt, fdisk, fsck, getty, halt, ifconfig, init, mkfs, mkswap, reboot, indlela, swapon, swapoff, update.
Enye yeendlela zokukhusela inkqubo kwizandla ezidlalayo zabasebenzisi kukuthintela nabani na ekusebenziseni ezi zixhobo ngokucwangcisa uphawu lwe x.
Ukongeza, ukutshintsha i-bin kunye / sbin kunye neekopi ezivela kwi-archive (efanayo kuzo zonke iinkqubo zohlobo olufanayo) yindlela ekhawulezayo yokulungisa iinkqubo ngaphandle komphathi wephakheji.
/ usr / bin
Yonke into ilula apha. Uhlobo olufanayo lwemiyalelo, efanayo kuzo zonke iiseva/izigrisi zekofu zenkampani. Kwaye / usr ngokwayo inokuthunyelwa ngokufanayo kwii-OS ezahlukeneyo (ye / bin kunye / sbin oku ngokuqhelekileyo akusebenzi), ezi ziinkqubo ezizimeleyo ngolwakhiwo. Isenokuqulatha amakhonkco kwi-perl okanye i-python toliki, ebekwe kwi-/opt okanye kwenye indawo kuthungelwano.
/ usr / sbin
Iyafana ne/usr/bin, kodwa isetyenziswa ngabalawuli kuphela.
/usr/local/bin kunye /usr/local/sbin
Enye yezona ndawo zibalulekileyo. Ngokungafaniyo nayo yonke enye into, / usr ayikwazi ukufana kuwo wonke umbutho. Kukho i-OS exhomekeke, ixhomekeke kwi-hardware, kwaye ngokulula iinkqubo ezingafunekiyo kuzo zonke izixhobo. Xa ungqamaniso /usr koomatshini, /usr/local kufuneka ingabandakanywa.
/ikhaya/$USER/umgqomo
Apha imeko iyafana ne/usr/local, kuphela kukho iinkqubo ezithile kumsebenzisi othile. Inokudluliselwa (okanye ilungelelaniswe) komnye umatshini xa umsebenzisi eshukuma. Into engenakudluliselwa igcinwe kwi/home/$USER/.local/bin. Ungasebenzisa ingingqi ngaphandle kwechaphaza. /ikhaya/$USER/sbin ilahlekile ngenxa yezizathu ezicacileyo.
Ndiyakuvuyela ukubona izilungiso kunye nezongezo.
umthombo: www.habr.com