Zonke iiprojekthi endisebenze kuzo (kubandakanywa nale yangoku) zineengxaki ngemimandla yexesha. Ayikabikho yonke imikhonto engekaqhawuki, eya kwaphulwa. Mhlawumbi kufuneka siwaphelise la mabhanti ngokupheleleyo? Phambili kwabo baza kufunda.
Inkqubo yexesha langoku isekwe kwiCoordinated Universal Time, apho ixesha layo yonke imimandla lixhomekeke kuyo. Ukuze ungangeni ixesha lelanga lendawo kwixabiso ngalinye le-longitude, umphezulu woMhlaba uhlukaniswe ngokwesiqhelo kwiindawo zexesha ezingama-24, ixesha lendawo kwimida yalo eyahluka ngokuthe ngqo kwiyure enye. Izowuni zexesha lejografi zithintelwe ziimeridians ezidlula i-1 Β° empuma nasentshona kumbindi wemeridian zowuni nganye, kwaye ixesha lendalo iphela liyasebenza kummandla we-Greenwich meridian. Nangona kunjalo, eneneni, ukuze kugcinwe ixesha elinye ngaphakathi kwendawo yolawulo okanye iqela lemimandla, imida yemimandla ayihambelani ne-meridians yomda wethiyori.
Elona nani lezowuni zexesha lingaphezulu kwama-24, kuba kumazwe amaninzi umgaqo wokumahluko opheleleyo kwiiyure ukusuka kwixesha lehlabathi waphulwa - ixesha lendawo liphindaphindwe ngesiqingatha seyure okanye ikota yeyure. Ukongeza, kufutshane nomgca womhla kuLwandlekazi lwePasifiki kukho iindawo ezisebenzisa ixesha lezowuni ezongezelelweyo: +13 kunye neeyure +14.
Kwezinye iindawo, ezinye iindawo zexesha ziyanyamalala - ixesha lale mimandla alisetyenziswanga, eliqhelekileyo kwimimandla enabantu abambalwa ehlala ngaphezu kobubanzi obumalunga nama-60 Β°, umzekelo: iAlaska, iGreenland, imimandla esemantla eRashiya. Kwiindawo ezikuMntla kunye nezaseMzantsi, i-meridians iyadibana ngexesha elinye, ngoko ke iimbono zeendawo zexesha kunye nexesha lelanga lendawo alinantsingiselo. Kukholelwa ukuba ixesha lendalo yonke kufuneka lisetyenziswe kwizibonda, kodwa umzekelo, kwisikhululo sase-Amundsen-Scott (i-South Pole), ixesha laseNew Zealand lisebenza.
Phambi kokwaziswa kwenkqubo yezowuni yexesha, indawo nganye ibisebenzisa ixesha layo lelanga lendawo, elimiselwa yijografi yendawo ethile okanye isixeko esikhulu esikufutshane. Inkqubo yexesha eliqhelekileyo (okanye, njengoko ngokuqhelekileyo yayibizwa njalo eRashiya, ixesha eliqhelekileyo) yavela ekupheleni kwenkulungwane ye-XNUMX njengelinge lokuphelisa olo bhideko. Isidingo sokwazisa umgangatho onjalo waba ngokungxamisekileyo ngokukodwa ngophuhliso lothungelwano lukaloliwe - ukuba iishedyuli zikaloliwe ziqulunqwe ngokwexesha lelanga lendawo yesixeko ngasinye, oku kungabangela ukuphazamiseka nokudideka kuphela, kodwa neengozi. Iiprojekthi zokuqala zokulinganisa zavela kwaye zaphunyezwa eGreat Britain.
Kwenzeka njani ukuba abantu babenzele nzima ubomi yaye oko kwakubonakala kuyingcamango echanileyo ekuqaleni yathatyathwa yaba yinto engekho ngqiqweni kwamanye amazwe?
Ewe, ukumanyanisa ixesha kwiplanethi yonke kulungile. Iplanethi, ukusuka kwiziqwenga ezahlukanisiweyo ngaphambili, iya isiba ngakumbi nangakumbi. Ewe, amazwe esizwe asekhona, kodwa uqoqosho ngokwalo kunye nokufuduka kwabantu kuye kwaba lihlabathi jikelele.
Nangona kunjalo, masifumanise ukuba isisombululo esikhoyo ngoku kwiplanethi ukudibanisa ixesha sesona sisombululo silungileyo?
Abantu kwihlabathi lonke baseneengxaki - ukusuka kubomi bemihla ngemihla kunye neengxaki zomsebenzi ukuya kwezobuchwephesha. Ukudideka kwexesha kuyaqhubeka kubangela ubunzima kubantu abahamba phakathi kweendawo zamaxesha ezahlukeneyo okanye abaqhuba ishishini kwiindawo ezahlukeneyo zamaxesha. Kwaye ukuxhasa iziseko zoncedo ukulungiselela imodeli yexesha elidibeneyo yangoku inzima kubukho bemimandla eyahlukeneyo, utshintsho phakathi kwabo, kunye nokutshintshela kwixesha lasehlotyeni nasebusika. ?
Ukuntsokotha kwembono yanamhlanje yokwahlula iplanethi ngokwemimandla yexesha kunokubonwa ngokucacileyo kule mifanekiso:
Njengoko sibona, phantse yonke iYurophu ihlala kwindawo yexesha elifanayo. Oko kukuthi, esi sisigqibo sezopolitiko, hayi ulwahlulo olungqongqo lwethiyori kwiindawo.
Kodwa sele sisuka ePoland siye eBelarus engummelwane, kuya kufuneka sibeke iiwashi kungekhona i-1, kodwa ngokukhawuleza iiyure ezi-2 ngaphambili.
Kukho omnye umzekelo onika umdla kwiiSamoan Islands, oye weqa uDisemba 2011 ngo-30 ukuze usondele eOstreliya. Ke, ngenxa yezizathu zezopolitiko, ukudala umahluko weeyure ezingama-24 kunye neziqithi ezingabamelwane zaseAmerican Samoa.
Kodwa ayizizo zonke iingxaki. Usenokungazi, kodwa iIndiya, iSri Lanka, i-Iran, i-Afghanistan kunye neMyanmar isebenzisa i-offset yesiqingatha seyure ukusuka kwi-UTC, ngelixa iNepal kuphela kwelizwe elisebenzisa i-45-minute offset.
Kodwa okungaqhelekanga akupheleli apho. Ukongeza kula mazwe angama-7, iindawo zexesha zivela kwi +14 ukuya kwi-12.
Yaye akuphelelanga apho. Iizowuni zexesha zinikwe amagama. Ngokomzekelo, "iYurophu eqhelekileyo", "iAtlantiki". Lilonke, kukho amagama anjalo angaphezu kwama-200 (lixesha lokukhwaza - "Karl !!!").
Kwangaxeshanye, asikachukumisi ingxaki yamazwe aKHETHAYO atshintshela kwixesha lokonga imini.
Umbuzo okhawulezileyo ngulo: ngaba ikho into enokwenziwa, ngaba sikho isisombululo?
Njengoko kuqhele ukwenzeka kwiimeko ezinjalo, kwanele nje ukuba udlulele ngaphaya kombono wesiqhelo wehlabathi ukuze kufumaneke isisombululo- kutheni singaqhubeli phambili ekumanyaniseni ixesha kwiplanethi yonke kwaye siphelise imimandla yexesha ngokupheleleyo?
Oko kukuthi, iplanethi iyaqhubeka ijoliswe kwiGreenwich, kodwa kwangaxeshanye wonke umntu uhlala ngexesha elinye (kwindawo yexesha elinye). Masithi eMoscow iiyure zokusebenza ziya kuvela kwi-11 ukuya kwi-20pm (i-Greenwich Mean Time). ELondon - ukusuka kwi-10 ukuya kwiiyure ze-19. Kwaye nangokunjalo.
Kwenza wuphi umahluko ngokwenyani ukuba ngawaphi amanani aya kuba kwiwotshi? Enyanisweni, sisalathisi nje! Ngapha koko, ezi ziindibano.
Ngokomzekelo, umphuhlisi ovela eMoscow unokuvumelana ngokulula neqela elivela eDolina ukubiza ngo-15: 14 GMT (ngalo xesha, umthuthukisi waseMoscow uyazi ukuba kukhanya ngoku kwaye iqela elivela eDolina lisasebenza). Masithi lo mzekelo awubonakali, kuba thina, abaphuhlisi abasebenza kwiindawo ezahlukeneyo zamaxesha, sisetyenziselwa ukutshintsha ixesha. Kodwa ngaba akukho nzuzo ngakumbi ukuba uqoqosho ngokwalo lutshintshele kwixesha elidibeneyo? Zingaphi iibugs ezinxulumene nesoftware eziya kuhamba? Zingaphi iiyure zomphuhlisi wesoftware esiya kuzigcina? Angakanani amandla aya kugcinwa ngenxa yeempazamo ezingeyomfuneko zamaxesha ahlukeneyo? Amazwe akusayi kufuneka enze nzima ubomi kubemi bawo ngexesha elingaqhelekanga leshifti njenge +13, +3, +4/XNUMX ukusuka kwi-GMT? Buya kuba lula kangakanani ubomi kumntu wonke?
Umbuzo oqhelekileyo ngulo: ngaba inkqubo enjalo ingasebenza?
Impendulo: Sele esebenza eChina. (kwaye phantse yonke iYurophu ikwindawo enye, njengoko kukhankanyiwe ngasentla).
Ummandla waseTshayina unabela kwiindawo ezi-5 zamaxesha, kodwa iTshayina ibikwixesha elinye ukusukela ngo-1949. Kuphela nje abantu ezidolophini baye batshintsha iishedyuli zabo.
PS Xa ubhala eli nqaku, izixhobo ezivela , amanqaku "", ingxelo yohlalutyo"", inkomfa yamazwe ngamazwe""
Ngabasebenzisi ababhalisiweyo kuphela abanokuthatha inxaxheba kuphando. , ndiyacela.
Nicinga ntoni, oogxa benu?
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48,0%Ndiyaxhasa59
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25,2%Kunzima ukuthetha31
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26,8%Andixhasi33
Bangama-123 abasebenzisi abavotileyo. Abasebenzisi abali-19 abakhange.
umthombo: www.habr.com