Inqaku liyaqhubeka ΠΈ amanqaku, iya kuba neempendulo kwimibuzo ehlala ibuzwa malunga nezithintelo ezitsha zokusetyenziswa kweenkonzo ezivela kwaDocker, eziza kuqala ukusebenza ngoNovemba 1, 2020.
Ithini imiqathango yenkonzo kaDocker?
sisivumelwano phakathi kwakho kunye neDocker elawula ukusebenzisa kwakho iimveliso kunye neenkonzo zeDocker.
Iqala nini ukusebenza imiqathango emitsha yenkonzo?
Imigaqo yenkonzo ehlaziyiweyo isebenza ngoko nangoko.
Loluphi utshintsho olwenzekileyo kwimiqathango yenkonzo?
Icandelo 2.5 lenze olona tshintsho lubalulekileyo. Ukuze ufunde malunga nalo lonke utshintsho, sincoma ukuba ufunde ngokupheleleyo .
Ngowuphi umda wogcino ongasebenziyo kwaye uza kuyichaphazela njani iakhawunti yam?
Ugcino lomfanekiso lusekwe kukhuphelo okanye kumsebenzi wokulayisha womfanekiso ngamnye ogcinwe kusetyenziswa iakhawunti yomsebenzisi. Ukuba umfanekiso awukhutshelwanga/ulayishwe kwiinyanga ezi-6, uya kubhalwe βungasebenziyoβ. Yonke imifanekiso ephawulwe njenge "engasebenziyo" icwangciselwe ukucinywa. Iiakhawunti ezinesicwangciso sorhumo zixhomekeke kulo mda free kubaphuhlisi ngabanye kunye neenkampani. Kuya kubakho ideshibhodi entsha ekhoyo yeDocker Hub, ikunika amandla okujonga imeko yemifanekiso yakho yesikhongozeli kuzo zonke iindawo zokugcina ezinxulumene neakhawunti yakho.
Iyakuba yintoni imida yokugcina umfanekiso wesikhongozeli esitsha?
UDocker wazise umgaqo-nkqubo omtsha wokugcina umfanekiso wesikhongozeli semifanekiso eleleyo oya kuqala ukusebenza nge-1 kaNovemba ka-2020. Umgaqo-nkqubo wokugcinwa kwemifanekiso yesikhongozeli engasebenziyo uya kusebenza kwezi zicwangciso zamaxabiso zilandelayo:
- Isicwangciso somrhumo wasimahla: kuya kuba nomda wokugcinwa kweenyanga ezi-6 kwimifanekiso engasebenziyo;
- Izicwangciso zePro kunye neQela: akuyi kubakho zithintelo kwixesha lokugcinwa kwemifanekiso engasebenzi.
Yintoni umfanekiso "ongasebenziyo"?
Umfanekiso ongasebenziyo ngumfanekiso wesikhongozeli ongakhange ukhutshelwe okanye ulayishwe kwindawo yokugcina umfanekiso we-Docker Hub kangangeenyanga ezi-6.
Ndingasijonga njani isimo semifanekiso yam?
Kwindawo yokugcina ye-Docker Hub, ithegi nganye (kunye nomfanekiso wokugqibela onxulunyaniswa nethegi) inomhla "wokugqibela wokutyhalwa", onokuthi ubonakale ngokulula kwiiRepositories ukuba ungenile kwiakhawunti yakho. Ideshibhodi entsha enikezela ukukwazi ukujonga ubume bayo yonke imifanekiso kuzo zonke iindawo zokugcina kwiakhawunti yakho, kuquka neyona ileyibhile yakutsha nje kunye neenguqulelo zangaphambili zeleyibhile, ziya kufumaneka kwiDocker Hub. Abanini-akhawunti baya kwaziswa nge-imeyile ngemifanekiso engasebenziyo ecwangciselwe ukucinywa.
Kwenzeka ntoni kwimifanekiso engasebenziyo nje ukuba umda wogcino ufikelele?
Ukususela nge-1 Novemba 2020, yonke imifanekiso ephawulwe njenge-"inactive" iya kucwangciswa ukuba icinywe. Abanini-akhawunti baya kwaziswa nge-imeyile ngemifanekiso "engasebenziyo" ecwangciselwe ukucinywa.
Ndingalufumana njani ugcino olungenamda kwimifanekiso yam?
Ezi zithintelo ziya kusebenza kuphela kwisicwangciso samaxabiso free. Abasebenzisi beeakhawunti ezinezicwangciso zentlawulo ngalinye okanye iqela azikho phantsi kwemiqathango. Ukuba uneakhawunti yasimahla, unokuphucula ngokulula kwiPro okanye kwisicwangciso seQela .
Kwakutheni ukuze uDocker azise umgaqo-nkqubo omtsha βwokulalaβ wokugcina umfanekiso?
I-Docker Hub, njengeyona ndawo yokugcina umfanekiso wesikhongozeli esikhulu, igcina ngaphezulu kwe-15PB yedatha. Izixhobo zokuhlalutya zangaphakathi zikaDocker zibonise ukuba kule mifanekiso ye-15PB egcinwe kwi-Docker Hub, ngaphezu kwe-10PB ayizange icelwe ngaphezu kweenyanga ezintandathu. Ukugrumba nzulu, sifunde ukuba malunga ne-4.5PB yale mifanekiso ingasebenziyo idityaniswa neeakhawunti zasimahla.
UDocker, emva kokuzisa isithintelo esinjalo, uya kukwazi ukulinganisa uqoqosho kunye nokubonelela ngeenkonzo zamahhala kubaphuhlisi kunye namaqela asebenzisa iinkonzo zokwakha nokuhambisa izicelo emhlabeni jikelele.
Ukuba singumthengi onesicwangciso esekwe kwindawo yokugcina izinto, ngaba umgaqo-nkqubo wogcino uya kusebenza kuthi?
Hayi, abathengi abanaso nasiphi na isicwangciso esihlawulwayo abayi kulinganiselwa ngokwemiqathango yamaxesha okugcina.
Ngaba iMifanekiso esemthethweni iya kuba phantsi komgaqo-nkqubo "ongasebenziyo" wokugcina umfanekiso?
Hayi. Umgaqo-nkqubo wokugcinwa komfanekiso ongasebenziyo awuzukusebenza kwiMifanekiso esemthethweni. Nawuphi na umfanekiso oqulethwe "kwithala leencwadi" indawo yamagama awuyi kususwa. Imifanekiso epapashwe kubapapashi abaqinisekisiweyo nayo ayizuthintelwa ngumgaqo-nkqubo ongasebenziyo wogcino.
Ngaba umgaqo-nkqubo wogcino uya kusebenza kwiindawo zokugcina, iithegi, okanye imifanekiso?
Umgaqo-nkqubo uya kusebenza kuphela kwimifanekiso yokugcina engakhange ifikelelwe kwiinyanga ezidlulileyo ze-6, kubandakanywa nemifanekiso engaxhunywanga kunye neethegi zemifanekiso yangaphambili. Ukuze ufumane inkcazelo engakumbi jonga .
Umzekelo, ukuba ":yamva nje" ithegi ikhutshiwe, ingaba oku kuya kuthintela zonke iinguqulelo zangaphambili ekubeni zicinywe?
Hayi. Ukuba ithegi ":yamvanje" ikhutshelwe, kuphela luguqulelo lwamva nje lwe ":latest" oluya kumakishwa njengesebenzayo. Ubume beenguqulelo zangaphambili zeleyibhile aziyi kutshintsha.
Kwenzeka ntoni emva kokucima umfanekiso ongasebenziyo?
Umfanekiso ekungafikelelwanga kuwo kwiinyanga ezi-6 ezidlulileyo uya kumakishwa njengo-"inactive" kwaye uya kumakishelwa ukuba ucinywe. Xa umfanekiso uphawulwe njengongasebenziyo, awusakwazi ukukhutshelwa. Imifanekiso engasebenziyo nayo iya kubonakala (kwiPhaneli yoLawulo loMfanekiso) kangangexesha elithile ukuze abathengi babe nethuba lokubuyisela imifanekiso.
Ngaba kunokwenzeka ukubuyisela imifanekiso ecinyiweyo?
Ngaphambi kokucima, umfanekiso ongasebenziyo uya kubonakala ixesha elithile (kwiPhaneli yoLawulo loMfanekiso) ukuze abathengi bakwazi ukubuyisela imifanekiso enjalo.
Ukuba ndinesicwangciso selifa (esekwe kwindawo yokugcina), ngaba iakhawunti yam iya kuxhomekeka kumgaqo-nkqubo wokugcinwa komfanekiso ongasebenziyo kunye nezithintelo zokukhuphela?
Imirhumo yelifa esele ikhona ayiyonjongo yomgaqo-nkqubo wokukhuphela kunye nezithintelo. Nceda ukhumbule ukuba abathengi abanjalo baya kuba ne-31 kaJanuwari 2021 ukutshintshela kuyo .
Zeziphi izithintelo zokukhuphela imifanekiso kwindawo yokugcina yeDocker Hub?
Imida yokukhuphela imifanekiso yeDocker isekwe kuhlobo lweakhawunti yomsebenzisi ocela umfanekiso, hayi uhlobo lweakhawunti yomnini. Ziyachazwa .
Amalungelo aphezulu omsebenzisi aya kusebenza ngokusekelwe kwiakhawunti yakhe kunye nayo nayiphi na imibutho ekuyo. Ukukhuphela okungagunyaziswanga "akuchazwanga" kwaye kuthintelwe yidilesi ye-IP endaweni ye-ID yomsebenzisi. Ukufunda ngakumbi malunga nokufakwa kwemifanekiso egunyazisiweyo, jonga .
Ingaba izinto ezikhutshelweyo zimiselwa njani ngenjongo yokuthintela ukukhutshelwa rhoqo?
Isicelo sokukhuphela sibandakanya ukuya kutsho kwizicelo ezibini ze-GET ezisuka kwindawo yogcino lwe-UTL yefom /v2/*/manifests/*.
Inyani yeyokuba ukukhuphela umfanekiso wemifanekiso yolwakhiwo oluninzi kufuna ukukhuphela uluhlu lwemiboniso kwaye emva koko ukhuphele i-manifest efunwayo yolwakhiwo olufunekayo. Izicelo zentloko azibalwa.
Nceda uqaphele ukuba zonke izinto ezikhutshelweyo, kubandakanywa ukhutshelweyo lwemifanekiso osele ungowakho, kubalwa ngolu hlobo. Oku kuhambelana nokubala iileya ezizimeleyo.
Ndingasiqhuba esam isipili seDocker Hub?
Yabona ukwenza oku. Kuba isebenzisa izicelo ze-HEAD, aziyi kubalwa kwiinjongo zokunciphisa umyinge. Kwakhona qaphela ukuba izicelo zomfanekiso wokuqala azigcinwanga, ngoko ziya kubalwa.
Ngaba iileya zemifanekiso ziyabala?
Hayi. Kuba sinciphisa izicelo ze-manifest, inani leeleya (izicelo zeblob) xa ukhuphelo alukhawulelwanga ngeli xesha. Olu lutshintsho kumgaqo-nkqubo wethu wangaphambili ngokusekelwe kwingxelo evela kuluntu. Injongo yotshintsho kukwenza umgaqo-nkqubo ube lula ngakumbi kubasebenzisi ukuze abasebenzisi bangabala iileya zomfanekiso ngamnye abanokusebenzisa.
Ngaba izinga lokukhuphela lingachazwanga ngokusekwe kwidilesi yeIP?
Ewe. Ubuninzi bezicelo bukhawulelwe ziidilesi ze-IP zomntu ngamnye (umzekelo, kubasebenzisi abangaziwa: izicelo ezili-100 kwiiyure ezi-6 kwidilesi enye). Bona iinkcukacha ezininzi .
Ngaba izicelo zokukhuphela ezisuka kubasebenzisi abangeneyo zithintelwe yidilesi ye-IP?
Hayi, izicelo zokukhuphela ezivela kubasebenzisi abagunyazisiweyo zisekelwe kwi-akhawunti, kungekhona i-IP-based. Iiakhawunti zasimahla zikhawulelwe kwizicelo ezingama-200 kwisithuba seeyure ezintandathu. Iiakhawunti ezihlawulwayo azinamda.
Ngaba izithintelo ziya kusebenza ukuba ndingena kwiakhawunti yam kwaye emva koko umntu ngokungaziwa kwi-IP yam ebetha uthintelo?
Hayi, abasebenzisi abangene kwiiakhawunti zabo ukukhuphela imifanekiso baya kuthintelwa ngokusekelwe kuhlobo lweakhawunti kuphela. Ukuba umsebenzisi ongaziwa kwi-IP yakho ufumana uthintelo, aluyi kukuchaphazela okoko ugunyazisiweyo okanye ungawubethi umda wakho.
Ngaba ibalulekile into yokuba ngowuphi umfanekiso endiwukhuphelayo?
Hayi, yonke imifanekiso ithathwa ngokufanayo. Izithintelo zisekelwe ngokupheleleyo kwinqanaba le-akhawunti apho umsebenzisi akhuphela imifanekiso, kwaye kungekhona kwinqanaba le-akhawunti yomnini wendawo yokugcina.
Ngaba le miqathango iya kutshintsha?
Siza kubeka iliso elibukhali kwizithintelo kwaye siqinisekise ukuba zifanelekile kwiimeko zokusetyenziswa okuqhelekileyo ngokwenqanaba labo. Ngokukodwa, izithintelo zasimahla kunye nezingaziwayo kufuneka zisoloko zonelisa ukuhamba komsebenzi okuqhelekileyo komphuhlisi omnye. Ngokusekelwe kulo mgaqo, ukulungiswa kuya kwenziwa njengoko kuyimfuneko. nawe unako uluvo lwakho kwimida.
Kuthekani ngeesistim zeCI apho ukhuphelo luya kungaziwa?
Siyaqonda ukuba kukho iimeko apho ukhuphelo oluninzi olungachazwanga lwamkelekile. Ngokomzekelo, ababoneleli belifu be-CI banokuqhuba ukwakha ngokusekelwe kwi-PR ukuvula iiprojekthi zomthombo. Abanini beprojekthi basenokungakwazi ukusebenzisa ngokukhuselekileyo iziqinisekiso zabo ze-Docker Hub ukugunyazisa ukukhutshelwa kule meko, kwaye isikali sababoneleli abanjalo siya kuthi siqalise izithintelo. Siya kuthi, ngokuqinisekileyo, zisombulule iimeko ezinjalo ngesicelo kwaye siya kuqhubeka siphucula iindlela zethu zokunciphisa izinga lokukhuphela ukuphucula amava ethu naba baboneleli. Sibhalele apha ukuba unabo nabuphi na ubunzima.
Ngaba i-Docker iya kubonelela ngezicwangciso zamaxabiso ahlukeneyo kwiiprojekthi zomthombo ovulekileyo?
Ewe, i-Docker, njengenxalenye yenkxaso yayo kuluntu lwe-Open Source, kamva iya kubhengeza izicwangciso ezintsha zamaxabiso kubo. Ukwenza isicelo sesicwangciso soluhlu lweerhafu, gcwalisa .
NB Kwizifundo , eyabhalwa kwi-Slurm ehlobo lika-2020, izithethi zithetha ngokubanzi malunga nokusebenza kunye nemifanekiso kwizinga eliphezulu. Dibana nathi!
umthombo: www.habr.com