Namhlanje siza kuthetha ngeteknoloji enomdla ephunyezwe kwiinkqubo zokugcina i-Unity / Unity XT - FAST VP. Ukuba eli lixesha lakho lokuqala ukuva malunga noBumbano, ngoko unokujonga iimpawu zenkqubo usebenzisa ikhonkco ekupheleni kwenqaku. Ndasebenza kwi-FAST VP kwiqela leprojekthi ye-Dell EMC ngaphezu konyaka. Namhlanje ndifuna ukuthetha ngale teknoloji ngokubanzi kwaye ndiveze ezinye iinkcukacha zokuphunyezwa kwayo. Ngokuqinisekileyo, kuphela ezo zivunyelwe ukutyhilwa. Ukuba unomdla kwimiba yokugcina idatha esebenzayo okanye awukawaqondi ngokupheleleyo amaxwebhu, eli nqaku ngokuqinisekileyo liya kuba luncedo kwaye linomdla.
Ndiza kukuxelela kwangoko into engayi kuba kwizinto eziphathekayo. Akuyi kubakho kukhangelwa kwabo bakhuphisana nabo kunye nokuthelekisa nabo. Andicwangcisi ukuthetha malunga nobuchwephesha obufanayo obuvela kumthombo ovulekileyo, kuba umfundi onomdla sele eyazi malunga nabo. Kwaye, ngokuqinisekileyo, andiyi kuthengisa nantoni na.
Indawo yogcino. Iinjongo kunye neenjongo ze-FAST VP
I-FAST VP imele iSigaba sokuGcina esiZizimelayo ngokuPheleleyo sePool ebonakalayo. Kancinane nzima? Akukho ngxaki, siza kuyiqonda ngoku. I-Tiering yindlela yokulungelelanisa ukugcinwa kwedatha apho kukho amanqanaba amaninzi (amanqanaba) apho le datha igcinwa khona. Ngamnye uneempawu zakhe. Okubaluleke kakhulu: ukusebenza, umthamo kunye nexabiso lokugcina iyunithi yolwazi. Kakade ke, kukho unxulumano phakathi kwabo.
Isici esibalulekileyo se-tiering kukuba ukufikelela kwidatha kunikezelwa ngokufanayo kungakhathaliseki ukuba inqanaba lokugcinwa apho likhoyo ngoku, kwaye ubukhulu be-pool bulingana nenani lobungakanani bezibonelelo ezibandakanyiweyo kuyo. Kulapho umahluko ovela kwi-cache ulele: ubungakanani be-cache abongezwanga kumthamo opheleleyo wesixhobo (ichibi kulo mzekelo), kwaye idatha ye-cache iphinda enye iqhekeza ledatha yemidiya ephambili (okanye iya kuphinda-phinda ukuba idatha evela kwi-cache ayikabhalwa). Kwakhona, ukuhanjiswa kwedatha ngamanqanaba kufihliwe kumsebenzisi. Oko kukuthi, akaboni ngokuchanekileyo ukuba yeyiphi idatha ekhoyo kwinqanaba ngalinye, nangona unokuchaphazela oku ngokungathanga ngqo ngokubeka imigaqo-nkqubo (ngaphezulu kubo kamva).
Ngoku makhe sijonge iimpawu zokuphunyezwa kwe-tiering yokugcina kwi-Unity. Umanyano lunamanqanaba ama-3, okanye inqanaba:
- Ukusebenza okugqithisileyo (SSDs)
- Ukusebenza (SAS HDD 10k/15k RPM)
- Umthamo (NL-SAS HDD 7200 RPM)
Zivezwa ngokwehla komyalelo wokusebenza kunye nexabiso. Ukusebenza okugqithisileyo kubandakanya kuphela iidrive zesimo esiqinileyo (SSDs). Amanye amanqanaba amabini abandakanya iidrive zedisk magnetic, ezahlukileyo kwisantya sokujikeleza kwaye, ngokufanelekileyo, ukusebenza.
Imidiya yokugcina ukusuka kwinqanaba elifanayo kunye nobukhulu obufanayo zidibaniswe kwi-RAID uluhlu, ukwenza iqela le-RAID (iqela le-RAID, elifinyeziweyo njenge-RG); Unokufunda malunga namanqanaba akhoyo kunye acetyiswayo e-RAID kumaxwebhu asemthethweni. Amachibi okugcina akhiwe ukusuka kumaqela e-RAID ukusuka kwinqanaba elinye okanye ngaphezulu, apho indawo ekhululekile isasazwa khona. Kwaye ukusuka kwindawo yokubhukuda yabelwe iinkqubo zefayile kunye neeLUN.
Kutheni ndifuna iTiering?
Ngokufutshane nangokucacileyo: ukufumana iziphumo ezinkulu usebenzisa ubuncinci bezibonelelo. Ngokukodwa ngakumbi, umphumo udla ngokuqondwa njengesethi yeempawu zenkqubo yokugcina - isantya kunye nexesha lokufikelela, iindleko zokugcina, kunye nabanye. Ubuncinci bezibonelelo buthetha eyona nkcitho incinci: imali, amandla, njalo njalo. I-FAST VP isebenzisa iindlela zokusasaza kwakhona idatha kumanqanaba ahlukeneyo kwiinkqubo zokugcina ze-Unity / Unity XT. Ukuba uyandikholelwa, ungatsiba umhlathi olandelayo. Kwabanye, ndiza kukuxelela kancinci.
Ukusasazwa ngokufanelekileyo kwedatha kuwo wonke amanqanaba okugcina kukuvumela ukuba ugcine kwixabiso elipheleleyo lokugcina ngokuncama isantya sokufikelela kulwazi oluthile olungafane lusetyenziswe, kwaye uphucule ukusebenza ngokuhambisa idatha esetyenziswa rhoqo kwimidiya ekhawulezayo. Apha umntu unokuphikisa ukuba nangaphandle kwe-tiering, umlawuli oqhelekileyo uyazi ukuba abeke phi na idatha, zeziphi iimpawu ezinqwenelekayo zenkqubo yokugcina umsebenzi wakhe, njl. Oku kuyinyani ngokungathandabuzekiyo, kodwa ukusasaza idatha ngesandla kuneengxaki zako:
- kufuna ixesha nengqalelo yomlawuli;
- Akusoloko kunokwenzeka "ukuphinda udwebe" izixhobo zokugcina ukuze zihambelane neemeko eziguqukayo;
- i-advanteji ebalulekileyo iyanyamalala: ukufikelela ngokumanyeneyo kwizibonelelo ezikumanqanaba ahlukeneyo okugcina.
Ukwenza abalawuli bogcino bakhathazeke kancinci malunga nokhuseleko lomsebenzi, ndiza kongeza ukuba ukucwangciswa kwezixhobo ezifanelekileyo kuyafuneka nalapha. Ngoku ukuba imisebenzi yokulinganisa ichazwe ngokufutshane, makhe sijonge into onokuyilindela kwi-FAST VP. Ngoku lixesha lokubuyela kwinkcazo. Amagama amabini okuqala - I-Automated Fully - iguqulelwe ngokoqobo ngokuthi "i-automated ngokupheleleyo" kwaye ithetha ukuba ukuhanjiswa phakathi kwamanqanaba kwenzeka ngokuzenzekelayo. Ewe, i-Virtual Pool yidama ledatha elibandakanya izixhobo ezivela kumanqanaba ahlukeneyo okugcina. Nantsi indlela ekhangeleka ngayo:
Ukujonga phambili, ndiza kuthi i-FAST VP ihambisa idatha kuphela ngaphakathi kwedama elinye, kwaye ingabi phakathi kwamachibi amaninzi.
Iingxaki zisonjululwe yi-FAST VP
Makhe sithethe ngokucacileyo kuqala. Sine-pool kunye nendlela ethile enokusasaza kwakhona idatha ngaphakathi kweli qula. Ukukhumbula ukuba injongo yethu kukufumana imveliso ephezulu, masizibuze: zeziphi iindlela esinokuyiphumeza ngazo? Zinokuba zininzi zazo, kwaye apha i-FAST VP inento yokubonelela umsebenzisi, kuba itekhnoloji yinto engaphezulu nje kokugcina indawo. Nazi ezinye iindlela I-VP FAST inokunyusa ukusebenza kwephuli:
- Ukuhanjiswa kwedatha kwiindidi ezahlukeneyo zeediski, amanqanaba
- Ukusasaza idatha phakathi kweediski zohlobo olufanayo
- Ukuhanjiswa kwedatha xa kusandiswa ichibi
Ngaphambi kokuba sijonge indlela le misebenzi isonjululwa ngayo, kufuneka sazi iinyani eziyimfuneko malunga nendlela i-FAST VP esebenza ngayo. I-FAST VP isebenza kunye neebhloko zobukhulu obuthile - i-256 megabytes. Le yeyona "chunk" incinci edibanayo yedatha enokususwa. Kuxwebhu yile nto bayibiza ngayo: isilayi. Ukusuka kwindawo yokujonga i-FAST VP, onke amaqela e-RAID aquka isethi "iziqwenga" ezinjalo. Ngokufanelekileyo, zonke izibalo ze-I/O ziqokelelwe kwiibhloko zedatha ezinjalo. Kutheni le nto ikhethiweyo yesayizi yebhloko kwaye iya kuncitshiswa? Ibhloko inkulu kakhulu, kodwa oku kukuchaneka phakathi kwe-granularity yedatha (ubungakanani bebhloko encinci buthetha usasazo oluchanekileyo) kunye nezixhobo ezifumanekayo zekhompyutha: kunikwe imida ekhoyo engqongqo kwi-RAM kunye nenani elikhulu leebhloko, idatha yezibalo inokuthatha. kakhulu, kwaye inani lezibalo liya kwanda ngokulinganayo.
Indlela i-FAST VP eyaba ngayo idatha kwi-pool. Abezopolitiko
Ukulawula ukubekwa kwedatha kwiqula eline-FAST VP enikwe amandla, le migaqo-nkqubo ilandelayo ikhona:
- Inqanaba eliphezulu eliFumanekayo
- Inqanaba elizenzekelayo
- Qala Phezulu emva koko i-Auto-Tier (ehlala ikho)
- Elona Nqanaba liFumanekayo
Zichaphazela zombini ulwabiwo lwebhloko yokuqala (idatha ebhaliweyo kuqala) kunye nokwabiwa kwakhona okulandelayo. Xa idatha sele ikhona kwiidiski, ukuhanjiswa kwakhona kuya kuqaliswa ngokweshedyuli okanye ngesandla.
Inqanaba eliPhezulu eliFumanekayo lizama ukubeka ibhloko entsha kwelona nqanaba lisebenza kakhulu. Ukuba akukho ndawo eyaneleyo kuyo, ibekwe kwinqanaba elilandelayo elivelisa kakhulu, kodwa ke idatha ingashenxiswa kwinqanaba elivelisayo (ukuba kukho indawo okanye ngokususa enye idatha). I-Auto-Tier ibeka idatha entsha kumanqanaba ahlukeneyo ngokuxhomekeke kwinani lendawo ekhoyo, kwaye iphinde ihanjiswe ngokuxhomekeke kwimfuno kunye nendawo yamahhala. Qala Phezulu emva koko i-Auto-Tier yinkqubo engagqibekanga kwaye ikwacetyiswa. Xa ibekwe ekuqaleni, isebenza njengeNqanaba eliFumaneka liPhakamileyo, kwaye ke idatha iyasuswa ngokuxhomekeke kwizibalo zosetyenziso lwayo. Umgaqo-nkqubo weSigaba esiFumaneka esiPhantsi ufuna ukubeka idatha kwelona nqanaba lincinci linemveliso.
Ukudluliswa kwedatha kwenzeka ngokubaluleka okuphantsi ukwenzela ukuba ungaphazamisi ukusebenza luncedo kwenkqubo yokugcina, nangona kunjalo, kukho "Ireyithi yokufuduswa kweDatha" eguqula izinto eziphambili. Kukho into engaqhelekanga apha: ayizizo zonke iibhloko zedatha ezinomyalelo wolwabiwo olufanayo. Umzekelo, iibhloko eziphawulwe njengemetadata ziya kusiwa kwinqanaba elikhawulezayo kuqala. I-Metadata, ngoko kuthetha, "idatha malunga nedatha", enye ingcaciso eyongezelelweyo engeyiyo idatha yomsebenzisi, kodwa igcina inkcazo yayo. Umzekelo, ulwazi kwisixokelelwano sefayile malunga nokuba yeyiphi ibhloko yefayile ethile ekhoyo. Oku kuthetha ukuba isantya sokufikelela kwidatha sixhomekeke kwisantya sokufikelela kwimetadata. Njengoko imetadata iqhelekile ukuba yincinci ngobukhulu, izibonelelo zokuyihambisa kwiidiski ezisebenza kakhulu kulindeleke ukuba zibe nkulu.
Iikhrayitheriya ezisetyenziswa yi-Fast VP kumsebenzi wayo
Umlinganiselo oyintloko webhloko nganye, ngokugqithiseleyo kakhulu, yimpawu "yemfuno" yedatha, exhomekeke kwinani lemisebenzi yokufunda nokubhala yeqhekeza ledatha. Olu phawu silubiza ngokuba "Ubushushu". Kukho idatha efunwayo (eshushu) "eshushu" kunedatha engafunwayo. Ibalwa ngamaxesha athile, ngokungagqibekanga kwizithuba zeyure enye.
Umsebenzi wokubala ubushushu unezi mpawu zilandelayo:
- Ukungabikho kwe-I / O, idatha "iyaphola" ngexesha.
- Ngaphantsi komthwalo olinganayo okanye olinganayo ngokuhamba kwexesha, ukushisa kuqala kunyuka kwaye emva koko kuzinzile kuluhlu oluthile.
Okulandelayo, imigaqo-nkqubo echazwe ngasentla kunye nesithuba samahhala kwinqanaba ngalinye lithathelwa ingqalelo. Ukucaca, ndiya kunika umfanekiso ovela kumaxwebhu. Apha imibala ebomvu, ephuzi kunye neluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka ibonisa iibhloko ezinamaqondo aphezulu, aphakathi kunye naphantsi, ngokulandelanayo.
Kodwa masibuyele kwimisebenzi. Ke, sinokuqala ukuhlalutya okwenziwayo ukucombulula iingxaki ze-FAST VP.
A. Ukuhanjiswa kwedatha kwiindidi ezahlukeneyo zeediski, amanqanaba
Ngokwenyani, lo ngowona msebenzi uphambili we-FAST VP. Ezinye, ngandlel' ithile, ziphuma kuyo. Ngokuxhomekeke kumgaqo-nkqubo okhethiweyo, idatha iya kusasazwa kumanqanaba ahlukeneyo okugcina. Okokuqala, umgaqo-nkqubo wokubeka uthathelwa ingqalelo, ngoko ukushisa kwebhloko kunye nobukhulu / isantya samaqela e-RAID.
Kwimigaqo-nkqubo yeNqanaba eliPhezulu/elona liPhantsi eliFumanekayo yonke into ilula kakhulu. Kwabanye ababini oku kunjalo. Idatha ihanjiswa kumanqanaba ahlukeneyo ngokuqwalasela ubungakanani kunye nokusebenza kwamaqela e-RAID: ukwenzela ukuba umlinganiselo we "iqondo lokushisa" elipheleleyo leebhloko ukuya "kwimeko yokusebenza okuphezulu" kweqela ngalinye le-RAID liphantse lifanayo. Ngaloo ndlela, umthwalo usasazwa ngaphezulu okanye ngaphantsi ngokulinganayo. Idata engaphezulu yemfuno ifuduselwa kwimidiya ekhawulezayo, kwaye idatha engafane isetyenziswe isiwa kwimidiya ecothayo. Ngokufanelekileyo, ukuhanjiswa kufuneka kujongeke ngolu hlobo:
B. Ukuhanjiswa kwedatha phakathi kweediski zohlobo olufanayo
Khumbula, ekuqaleni ndabhala ukuba imidiya yokugcina ukusuka enye okanye ngaphezulu amanqanaba adityaniswe kwidama elinye? Kwimeko yenqanaba elinye, i-FAST VP inomsebenzi ekufuneka wenziwe. Ukufezekisa ukusebenza okuphezulu kunoma yiphina inqanaba, kuyacetyiswa ukuba usasaze idatha ngokulinganayo phakathi kweediski. Oku kuya (kwithiyori) kukuvumela ukuba ufumane ubuninzi bexabiso le-IOPS. Idatha ngaphakathi kweqela le-RAID inokuqwalaselwa isasazwe ngokulinganayo kuzo zonke iidiski, kodwa oku akusoloko kunjalo phakathi kwamaqela e-RAID. Xa kwenzeka ukungalingani, i-FAST VP iya kuhambisa idatha phakathi kwamaqela e-RAID ngokulingana nomthamo wabo kunye "nokusebenza okunemiqathango" (ngokwemigaqo yamanani). Ukucaca, ndiza kubonisa iskimu sokulinganisa phakathi kwamaqela amathathu e-RAID:
B. Ukuhanjiswa kwedatha xa kusandiswa ichibi
Lo msebenzi yimeko ekhethekileyo yangaphambili kwaye yenziwa xa iqela le-RAID longezwa echibini. Ukuqinisekisa ukuba iqela elisanda kufakwa le-RAID alihlali lingasebenzi, enye idatha iya kudluliselwa kuyo, oku kuthetha ukuba umthwalo uya kuhanjiswa kuwo onke amaqela e-RAID.
Umgangatho wokunxiba we-SSD
Ngokusebenzisa umgangatho wokugqoka, i-FAST VP inokwandisa ubomi be-SSD, nangona eli nqaku alihambelani ngokuthe ngqo kwi-Store Tiering. Ekubeni idatha yeqondo lokushisa sele ikhona, inani lemisebenzi yokubhala likwaqwalaselwa, kwaye siyazi indlela yokuhambisa iibhloko zedatha, kuya kuba sengqiqweni kwi-FAST VP ukusombulula le ngxaki.
Ukuba inani lamangeno kwiqela elinye le-RAID lidlula kakhulu inani lokungeniswa kwelinye, i-FAST VP iya kuphinda isasaze idatha ngokuhambelana nenani lemisebenzi yokubhala. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, oku kukhulula umthwalo kwaye kugcine ubutyebi bezinye iidiski, ngakolunye uhlangothi, yongeza "umsebenzi" kumthwalo omncinci, ukwandisa ukusebenza ngokubanzi.
Ngale ndlela, i-FAST VP ithatha imiceli mngeni yemveli ye-Store Tiering kwaye yenza okungaphezulu kancinci kunoko. Konke oku kukuvumela ukuba ugcine idatha ngokufanelekileyo kwinkqubo yokugcina yoBumbano.
Iingcebiso ezithile
- Musa ukukutyeshela ukufunda amaxwebhu. Kukho iindlela ezingcono kakhulu, kwaye zisebenza kakuhle kakhulu. Ukuba uyawalandela, ngoko, njengomthetho, akukho zingxaki ezinzulu ezivelayo. Eminye ingcebiso ngokusisiseko iyaphinda okanye iyazalisa.
- Ukuba uyiqwalasele kwaye wayivula i-FAST VP, kungcono ukuyishiya yenziwe. Mayisasaze idatha ngexesha layo elimiselweyo kwaye kancinane kancinane kanye ngonyaka kwaye ibe nefuthe elibi ekusebenzeni kweminye imisebenzi. Kwiimeko ezinjalo, ukuhanjiswa kwakhona kwedatha kunokuthatha ixesha elide.
- Lumka xa ukhetha ifestile yokufuduka. Nangona oku kucacile, zama ukukhetha ixesha elinomthwalo omncinci kuManyano kwaye unike ixesha elaneleyo.
- Cwangcisa ukwandisa inkqubo yakho yokugcina, yenze ngexesha. Esi sisindululo esiqhelekileyo esibalulekileyo kwi-FAST VP nayo. Ukuba inani lendawo yamahhala lincinci kakhulu, ngoko ukunyakaza kwedatha kuya kuncipha okanye kungenzeki. Ngokukodwa ukuba awuzange uyihoye inqaku lesi-2.
- Xa ukhulisa ichibi nge-FAST VP enikwe amandla, akufanele uqalise ngezona diski zicothayo. Oko kukuthi, sinokongeza onke amaqela acwangcisiweyo e-RAID ngaxeshanye, okanye songeze ezona diski zikhawulezayo kuqala. Kule meko, ukusabalalisa kwakhona idatha kwiidiski ezintsha "ezikhawulezayo" ziya kwandisa isantya esiphezulu se-pool. Ngaphandle koko, ukuqala ngeediski "ezicothayo" kunokukhokelela kwimeko engathandekiyo kakhulu. Okokuqala, idatha iya kudluliselwa kwiidiski ezintsha, ezicothayo, kwaye emva koko, xa ezikhawulezayo zongezwa, kwelinye icala. Kukho ama-nuances apha anxulumene nemigaqo-nkqubo ye-FAST ye-VP eyahlukeneyo, kodwa ngokubanzi, imeko efanayo inokwenzeka.
Ukuba ujonge le mveliso, ungazama Ubunye simahla ngokukhuphela isixhobo sombane soBunye VSA.
Ekupheleni kwemathiriyeli, ndabelana ngamakhonkco amaninzi aluncedo:
- Iphepha
- β inkcazo emfutshane yomsebenzi
- , ifomathi yepdf
isiphelo
Ndingathanda ukubhala malunga nokuninzi, kodwa ndiyaqonda ukuba azikho zonke iinkcukacha eziya kuba nomdla kumfundi. Ngokomzekelo, unokuthetha ngokuthe kratya malunga nemilinganiselo apho i-FAST VP yenza izigqibo malunga nokudluliswa kwedatha, malunga neenkqubo zokuhlalutya izibalo ze-I / O. Kwakhona, isihloko sokusebenzisana kunye , kwaye oku kufanelwe inqaku elahlukileyo. Ungade ube nephupha malunga nophuhliso lobu buchwepheshe. Ndiyathemba ukuba bekungadikwanga kwaye khange ndikudike. Phinde ndikubone!
umthombo: www.habr.com